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Merge pull request #6388 from lujun9972/translating-20171128_tmate_–_Instantly_Share_Your_Terminal_Session_To_Anyone_In_Seconds.md
Translating 20171128 tmate – instantly share your terminal session to anyone in seconds.md
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translating by darksun
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tmate -- Instantly Share Your Terminal Session To Anyone In Seconds
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=================
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A while ago, we wrote about
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[teleconsole](https://www.2daygeek.com/teleconsole-share-terminal-session-instantly-to-anyone-in-seconds/)
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which is used to share terminal instantly to anyone (whoever you trusting). Today also we are going to discuss about same kind of
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application called tmate.
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Why you want tmate application? this will help you to get help from your
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friends when you need.
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### What Is tmate?
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[tmate](https://tmate.io/) stands for teammates, it's a fork of tmux,
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and uses the same configurations such as keybindings, color schemes etc.
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It's a terminal multiplexer with instant terminal sharing. it enables a
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number of terminals to be created, accessed, and controlled from a
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single screen, that can be shared with another mates.
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You can detach the session by leaving the job running in background and
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re-attach the session when you want to view the status. tmate provides
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an instant pairing solution, allowing you to share a terminal with one
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or several teammates.
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A status line at the bottom of the screen shows information on the
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current session, such as ssh command to share with your mate.
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### How tmate works?
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- When launching tmate, an ssh connection is established to tmate.io
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(backend servers maintained by tmate developers) in the background
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through libssh.
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- The server (tmate.io) ssh key signatures are verified during the DH
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exchange.
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- The client is authenticated with local ssh keys.
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- Once connection is established, a 150 bits (non guessable random
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characters) session token is generated by local tmux server.
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- teammates can connect to tmate.io using the SSH session ID provided
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by user
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### Prerequisites for tmate
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Generate SSH key as a prerequisites since tmate.io server authenticate
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client machine through local ssh keys. Make a note, every system should
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have SSH key.
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```shell
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$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
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Generating public/private rsa key pair.
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Enter file in which to save the key (/home/magi/.ssh/id_rsa):
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Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
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Enter same passphrase again:
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Your identification has been saved in /home/magi/.ssh/id_rsa.
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Your public key has been saved in /home/magi/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
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The key fingerprint is:
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SHA256:3ima5FuwKbWyyyNrlR/DeBucoyRfdOtlUmb5D214NC8 [email protected]
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The key's randomart image is:
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+---[RSA 2048]----+
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| |
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| |
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| . |
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| . . = o |
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| *ooS= . + o |
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| . [email protected]*o.o.+ E .|
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| =o==B++o = . |
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| o.+*o+.. . |
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| ..o+o=. |
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+----[SHA256]-----+
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```
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### How to Install tmate
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tmate is available in few of the distribution official repository that
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can be installed through package manager.
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For **`Debian/Ubuntu`**, use [APT-GET Command](https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/)
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or [APT Command](https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/)to install tmate.
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```shell
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$ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
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$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tmate.io/archive
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$ sudo apt-get update
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$ sudo apt-get install tmate
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```
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Also, you can install tmate package from distribution official repository.
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```shell
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$ sudo apt-get install tmate
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```
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For **`Fedora`**, use [DNF Command](https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/)
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to install tmate.
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```shell
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$ sudo dnf install tmate
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```
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For **`Arch Linux`** based systems, use []()[Yaourt Command](https://www.2daygeek.com/install-yaourt-aur-helper-on-arch-linux/)
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or []()[Packer Command](https://www.2daygeek.com/install-packer-aur-helper-on-arch-linux/)
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to install tmate from AUR repository.
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```shell
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$ yaourt -S tmate
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```
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or
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```shell
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$ packer -S tmate
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```
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For **`openSUSE`**, use [Zypper Command](https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/)
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to install tmate.
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```shell
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$ sudo zypper in tmate
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```
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### How To Use tmate
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After successfully installed, open your terminal and fire the following
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command which will open the new session for you and in the bottom of the
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screen you can able to see the SSH session ID.
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```shell
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$ tmate
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```
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[](https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/tmate-instantly-share-your-terminal-session-to-anyone-in-seconds-1.png)
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Make a note, the SSH session ID will disappear after a few seconds, so
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don't worry you can get those details using following command.
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```shell
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$ tmate show-messages
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```
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The tmate show-messages command allows you to see tmate's log messages,
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including the ssh connection string.\
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[](https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/tmate-instantly-share-your-terminal-session-to-anyone-in-seconds-2.png)
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Now, share your SSH session ID to your friends or coworkers and allow
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them to view the terminal session. Not only SSH session ID,
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alternatively you can share web URL as well, also you can share either
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read only sessions or read-write sessions?
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### How to connect session through SSH
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Just run the SSH session ID which you got from your friend on terminal.
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It's like similar to below.
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```shell
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$ ssh session: ssh [email protected]
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```
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[](https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/tmate-instantly-share-your-terminal-session-to-anyone-in-seconds-4.png)
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### How to connect session through Web URL
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Open the browser and access the URL which you got from your friend. It's
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like similar to below.\
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[](https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/tmate-instantly-share-your-terminal-session-to-anyone-in-seconds-3.png)
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Just type `exit` to exit from the session.
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```
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[Source System Output]
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[exited]
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[Remote System Output]
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[server exited]
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Connection to sg2.tmate.io closed by remote host.
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Connection to sg2.tmate.io closed.
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```
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/tmate-instantly-share-your-terminal-session-to-anyone-in-seconds/
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作者：[ Magesh Maruthamuthu ][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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|
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
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tmate -- 秒级分享你的终端会话
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=================
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不久前，我们写过一篇关于 [teleconsole](https://www.2daygeek.com/teleconsole-share-terminal-session-instantly-to-anyone-in-seconds/) 的介绍，该工具可用于快速分享终端给任何人（任何你信任的人）。今天我们要聊一聊另一款类似的应用，名叫 `tmate`。
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`tmate` 有什么用？它可以让你在需要帮助时向你的朋友们求助。
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### 什么是 tmate？
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|
[tmate](https://tmate.io/) 的意思是 `teammates`，它是 tmux 的一个分支，并且使用相同的配置信息（例如快捷键配置，配色方案等）。
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|
它是一个终端多路复用器，同时具有即时分享终端的能力。它允许在单个屏幕中创建并操控多个终端，同时这些终端还能与其他同事分享。
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|
你可以分离会话，让作业在后台运行，然后在想要查看状态时重新连接会话. `tmate` 提供了一个即时配对的方案，让你可以与一个或多个队友共享一个终端。
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在屏幕的地步有一个状态栏，显示了当前会话的一些诸如 ssh 命令之类的共享信息。
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### tmate 是怎么工作的？
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- 运行 `tmate` 时，会通过 `libssh` 在后台创建一个连接到 tmate.io (由 tmate 开发者维护的后台服务器)的ssh 连接。
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|
- 服务器 (tmate.io) 的 ssh 密钥前面通过 DH 交换进行校验。
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|
- 客户端通过本地 ssh 密钥进行认证。
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|
- 连接创建后，本地 tmux 服务器会生成一个 150 位(不可猜测的随机字符)会话令牌。
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|
- 队友能通过用户提供的 SSH 会话 ID 连接到 tmate.io。
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|
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|
### 使用 tmate 的必备条件
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|
由于 `tmate.io` 服务器需要通过本地 ssh 密钥来认证客户机，因此其中一个必备条件就是生成 SSH 密钥 key。
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|
记住，每个系统都要有自己的 SSH 密钥。
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|
```shell
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|
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
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|
Generating public/private rsa key pair。
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|
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/magi/.ssh/id_rsa):
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|
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
|
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|
Enter same passphrase again:
|
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|
Your identification has been saved in /home/magi/.ssh/id_rsa。
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|
Your public key has been saved in /home/magi/.ssh/id_rsa.pub。
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|
The key fingerprint is:
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|
SHA256:3ima5FuwKbWyyyNrlR/DeBucoyRfdOtlUmb5D214NC8 [email protected]
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|
The key's randomart image is:
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|
+---[RSA 2048]----+
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| |
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| |
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|
| . |
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|
| . . = o |
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| *ooS= 。 o |
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|
| . [email protected]*o.o.+ E .|
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|
| =o==B++o = . |
|
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|
| o.+*o+.. . |
|
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|
| ..o+o=. |
|
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|
+----[SHA256]-----+
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|
```
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### 如何安装 tmate
|
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|
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|
`tmate` 已经包含在某些发行版的官方仓库中，可以通过包管理器来安装。
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|
|
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|
对于 **`Debian/Ubuntu`**，可以使用 [APT-GET 命令](https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/)
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||||||
|
或者 [APT 命令](https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/)to 来安装。
|
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|
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|
```shell
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|
$ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
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|
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tmate.io/archive
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|
$ sudo apt-get update
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|
$ sudo apt-get install tmate
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|
```
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|
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|
你也可以从官方仓库中安装 tmate。
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|
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|
```shell
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|
$ sudo apt-get install tmate
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|
```
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|
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|
对于 **`Fedora`**，使用 [DNF 命令](https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/) 来安装。
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|
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|
```shell
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|
$ sudo dnf install tmate
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|
```
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|
对于基于 **`Arch Linux`** 的系统，使用 []()[Yaourt 命令](https://www.2daygeek.com/install-yaourt-aur-helper-on-arch-linux/)
|
||||||
|
或 []()[Packer 命令](https://www.2daygeek.com/install-packer-aur-helper-on-arch-linux/) 来从 AUR 仓库中安装。
|
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|
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|
```shell
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|
$ yaourt -S tmate
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|
```
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|
或
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|
|
||||||
|
```shell
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|
$ packer -S tmate
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||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
对于 **`openSUSE`**，使用 [Zypper 命令](https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/) 来安装。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```shell
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|
$ sudo zypper in tmate
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||||||
|
```
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||||||
|
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### 如何使用 tmate
|
||||||
|
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||||||
|
成功安装后，打开终端然后输入下面命令，就会打开一个新的会话，在屏幕底部，你能看到 SSH 会话的 ID。
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|
|
||||||
|
```shell
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||||||
|
$ tmate
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||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
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||||||
|
！[](https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/tmate-instantly-share-your-terminal-session-to-anyone-in-seconds-1.png)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
要注意的是，SSH 会话 ID 会在几秒后消失，不过不要紧，你可以通过下面命令获取到这些详细信息。
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```shell
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||||||
|
$ tmate show-messages
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||||||
|
```
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`tmate` 的 `show-messages` 命令会显示 tmate 的 log 信息，其中包含了 ssh 连接内容。
|
||||||
|
！[](https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/tmate-instantly-share-your-terminal-session-to-anyone-in-seconds-2.png)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
现在，分享你的 SSH 会话 ID 给你的朋友或同事从而允许他们观看终端会话. 除了 SSH 会话 ID 以外，你也可以分享 web URL。
|
||||||
|
另外你还可以选择分享的是只读会话还是可读写会话。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 如何通过 SSH 连接会话
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
只需要在终端上运行你从朋友那得到的 SSH 终端 ID 就行了. 类似下面这样。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```shell
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||||||
|
$ ssh session: ssh 3KuRj95sEZRHkpPtc2y6jcokP@sg2.tmate.io
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||||||
|
```
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
！[](https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/tmate-instantly-share-your-terminal-session-to-anyone-in-seconds-4.png)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 如何通过 Web URL 连接会话
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
打开浏览器然后访问朋友给你的 URL 就行了. 像下面这样。
|
||||||
|
！[](https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/tmate-instantly-share-your-terminal-session-to-anyone-in-seconds-3.png)
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
只需要输入 `exit` 就能退出会话了。
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||||||
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||||||
|
```
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||||||
|
[Source System Output]
|
||||||
|
[exited]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Remote System Output]
|
||||||
|
[server exited]
|
||||||
|
Connection to sg2.tmate.io closed by remote host。
|
||||||
|
Connection to sg2.tmate.io closed。
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
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|
||||||
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/tmate-instantly-share-your-terminal-session-to-anyone-in-seconds/
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作者：[ Magesh Maruthamuthu ][a]
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译者：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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