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TSL&PRF
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Xingyu Wang
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[#]: author: (Sudeshna Sur https://opensource.com/users/sudeshna-sur)
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (wxy)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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Replace find with fd on Linux
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在 Linux 上用 fd 代替 find
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======
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The fd command is a popular, user-friendly alternative to the find
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command.
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![Magnifying glass on code][1]
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Many Linux programmers use the `find` command every single day of their career. But `find` gives a limited set of filesystem entries, and if you have to do a large set of `find` operations, it's not even very fast. So instead, I prefer to use the Rust `fd` command because it provides sensible defaults that work for most use cases.
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> fd 命令是一个流行的、用户友好的 find 命令的替代品。
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As its [README][2] says, "`fd` is a program to find entries in your filesystem. It is a simple, fast, and user-friendly alternative to `find`." It features parallelized directory traversal, so it can search multiple directories at once. It supports regular expressions (regex) and glob-based patterns.
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![代码上的放大镜][1]
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### Install fd
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许多 Linux 程序员在其工作中每天都在使用 `find` 命令。但是 `find` 给出的文件系统条目是有限的，如果你要进行大量的 `find` 操作，它甚至不是很快速。因此，我更喜欢使用 Rust 编写的 `fd` 命令，因为它提供了合理的默认值，适用于大多数使用情况。
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On Linux, you can install `fd` from your software repository (a list of available packages can be found on the [fd page on Repology][3].) For example, on Fedora:
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正如它的 [README][2] 所说，“`fd` 是一个在文件系统中寻找条目的程序。它是一个简单、快速和用户友好的 `find` 的替代品。”它的特点是目录的并行遍历，可以一次搜索多个目录。它支持正则表达式（regex）和基于通配符的模式。
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### 安装 fd
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在 Linux 上，你可以从你的软件库中安装 `fd`（可用的软件包列表可以在 [Repology 上的 fd 页面][3] 找到）。 例如，在 Fedora 上：
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```
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`$ sudo dnf install fd-find`
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$ sudo dnf install fd-find
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```
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On macOS, use [MacPorts][4] or [Homebrew][5].
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Alternately, you can use Rust's Cargo package manager:
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在 macOS 上，可以使用 [MacPorts][4] 或 [Homebrew][5]。
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另外，你也可以使用 Rust 的 Cargo 软件包管理器：
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```
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`$ cargo install fd-find`
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$ cargo install fd-find
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```
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### Use fd
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To do a simple search, run `fd` after any argument, such as:
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### 使用 fd
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要做一个简单的搜索，运行 `fd` 并在后面跟上要搜索的名字，例如：
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```
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$ fd sh
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@ -59,8 +57,7 @@ registry/src/github.com-1ecc6299db9ec823/libgit2-sys-0.12.19+1.1.0/libgit2/src/c
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[...]
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```
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If you want to search for a specific directory, provide the directory path as a second argument to `fd`, such as:
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如果你想搜索一个特定的目录，可以将目录路径作为 `fd` 的第二个参数，例如：
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```
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$ fd passwd /etc
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@ -70,8 +67,7 @@ $ fd passwd /etc
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/etc/security/opasswd
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```
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To search for a particular file extension, use `-e` as an option. For example:
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要搜索一个特定的文件扩展名，使用 `-e` 作为选项。例如：
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```
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$ fd . '/home/ssur/exa' -e md
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@ -83,22 +79,18 @@ $ fd . '/home/ssur/exa' -e md
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$
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```
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You can also execute a command by providing `-x` or `-X`.
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你也可以通过提供 `-x` 或 `-X` 来执行一个命令。
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* The `-x/--exec` option runs an external command for each search result (in parallel).
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* The `-X/--exec-batch` option launches the external command once with all search results as arguments.
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For example, to recursively find all ZIP archives and unpack them:
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* `-x`/`--exec`：选项为每个搜索结果（并行）运行一个外部命令。
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* `-X`/`--exec-batch`：选项将所有搜索结果作为参数启动一次外部命令。
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例如，要递归地找到所有的 ZIP 档案并解压：
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```
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`$ fd -e zip -x unzip`
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$ fd -e zip -x unzip
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```
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Or, to list all files under a particular directory that were changed within the last _n_ number of days, use the `--changed-within` option:
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或者，要列出某个特定目录下在过去 _n_ 天内改变的所有文件，使用`--changed-within` 选项：
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```
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$ fd . '/home/ssur/Work/' --changed-within 10d
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@ -107,24 +99,23 @@ $ fd . '/home/ssur/Work/' --changed-within 10d
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[...]
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```
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And to search all files that were changed before a specific number of days, use the `--changed-before` _n_ option:
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而要搜索所有在特定天数之前被修改的文件，请使用 `--changed-before` _n_ 选项：
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```
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`$ fd . '/home/ssur/Work/' --changed-before 365d`
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$ fd . '/home/ssur/Work/' --changed-before 365d
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```
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Here, `.` acts as a wildcard entry to instruct `fd` to return all files.
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这里，`.` 作为一个（正则）通配符，指示 `fd` 返回所有文件。
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To learn about more the functionalities of `fd`, consult its [documentation][2] on GitHub.
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要了解更多关于 `fd` 的功能，请查阅 GitHub 上的 [文档][2]。
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### Conclusion
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### 总结
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One thing I especially like about `fd` is that the search pattern is case-insensitive by default, which makes it easier to find things even when you have imprecise knowledge about what you're looking for. Better yet, it _automatically_ switches to case-sensitive if the pattern contains an uppercase character.
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我特别喜欢 `fd` 的一点是，搜索模式默认是不区分大小写的，这使得它更容易找到东西，即使你对你要找的东西没有精确的认识。更好的是，如果模式包含一个大写的字符，它就会*自动*切换到大小写敏感。
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Another benefit is that it uses color-coding to highlight different file types.
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另一个好处是，它使用颜色编码来突出不同的文件类型。
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If you are already using this amazing Rust tool, please let us know your thoughts in the comments.
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如果你已经在使用这个神奇的 Rust 工具，请在评论中告诉我们你的想法。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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@ -132,8 +123,8 @@ via: https://opensource.com/article/21/6/fd-linux
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作者：[Sudeshna Sur][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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