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[#]: subject: (3 beloved USB drive Linux distros)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/4/usb-drive-linux-distro)
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[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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3 beloved USB drive Linux distros
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======
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Open source technologists weigh in.
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![Linux keys on the keyboard for a desktop computer][1]
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There are few Linux users who don't remember the first time they discovered you could boot a computer and run Linux on it without ever actually installing it. Sure, many users are aware that you can boot a computer to an operating system installer, but with Linux it's different: there doesn't need to be an install at all! Your computer doesn't even need to have a hard drive in it. You can run Linux for months or even _years_ off of a USB drive.
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Naturally, there are a few different "live" Linux distributions to choose from. We asked our writers for their favourites, and their responses represent the full spectrum of what's available.
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### 1\. Puppy Linux
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"As a prior **Puppy Linux** ****developer, my views on this are rather biased. But what originally attracted me to Puppy was:
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* its focus on lower-end and older hardware which is readily available in 3rd world countries; this opens up computing for disadvantaged areas that can't afford the latest modern systems
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* its ability to run in RAM, which when utilized can offer some interesting security benefits
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* the way it handles user files and sessions in a single SFS file making backing up, restoring, or moving your existing desktop/applications/files to another install with a single copy command"
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—[JT Pennington][2]
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"It has always been **Puppy Linux** for me. It boots up quickly and supports old hardware. The GUI is super easy to convince someone to try Linux for the first time." —[Sachin Patil][3]
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"Puppy is the live distro that truly runs on anything. I had an old discarded microATX tower with a broken optical drive, literally no hard drive (it had been removed for data security), and hardly any RAM. I slotted Puppy into its SD card slot and ran it for years." —[Seth Kenlon][4]
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"I don't have that much experience in using USB drive Linux distros but my vote goes to **Puppy Linux**. It's light and perfectly suitable for old machines." —[Sergey Zarubin][5]
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### 2\. Fedora and Red Hat
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"My favourite USB distro is actually just the **Fedora Live USB**. It has a browser, disk utilities, and a terminal emulator so I can use it to rescue data from a machine or I can browse the web or ssh to other machines to do some work if needed. All this without storing any data on the stick or the machine in use to be exposed if compromised." —[Steve Morris][6]
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"I used to use Puppy and DSL. These days I have two USB Keys: **RHEL7 and RHEL8**. These are both configured as full working environments with the ability to boot for UEFI and BIOS. These have been real-life and time savers when I'm faced with a random piece of hardware where we're having issues troubleshooting an issue." —[Steven Ellis][7]
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### 3\. Porteus
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"Not long ago, I installed VMs of every version of Porteus OS. That was fun, so maybe I'll take another look at them. Whenever the topic of tiny distros comes up, I'm always reminded of the first one that I can remember using: **tomsrtbt**. It was always designed to fit on a floppy. I'm not sure how useful it is these days, but just thought I'd throw it in the mix." —[Alan Formy-Duval][8]
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"As a longtime Slackware user, I appreciate **Porteus** for providing a current build of Slack, and a flexible environment. You can boot with Porteus running in RAM so there's no need to keep the USB drive attached to your computer, or you can run it off the drive so you can retain your changes. Packaging applications is easy, and there are lots of existing packages available from the Slacker community. It's the only live distro I need." —[Seth Kenlon][4]
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### Bonus: Knoppix
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"I haven't used **Knoppix **in a while but I used it a lot at one time to save Windows computers that had been damaged by malware. It was originally released in September 2000 and has been under continuous development since then. It was originally developed and named after Linux consultant Klaus Knopper and designed to be used as a Live CD. We used it to rescue user files on Windows systems that had become inaccessible due to malware and viruses." —[Don Watkins][9]
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"Knoppix was hugely influencial to live Linux, but it's also one of the most accessible distributions for blind users. Its [ADRIANE interface][10] is designed to be used without a visual display, and can handle all the most common tasks any user is likely to require from a computer." —[Seth Kenlon][11]
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### Choose your live Linux
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There are many that haven't been mentioned, such as [Slax][12] (a Debian-based live distro), [Tiny Core][13], [Slitaz][14], [Kali][15] (a security-focused utility distro), [E-live][16], and more. If you have a spare USB drive, put Linux on it and use Linux on any computer, any time!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/21/4/usb-drive-linux-distro
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作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/linux_keyboard_desktop.png?itok=I2nGw78_ (Linux keys on the keyboard for a desktop computer)
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[2]: https://opensource.com/users/jtpennington
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[3]: https://opensource.com/users/psachin
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[4]: http://opensource.com/users/seth
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[5]: https://opensource.com/users/sergey-zarubin
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[6]: https://opensource.com/users/smorris12
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[7]: https://opensource.com/users/steven-ellis
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[8]: https://opensource.com/users/alanfdoss
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[9]: https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins
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[10]: https://opensource.com/life/16/7/knoppix-adriane-interface
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[11]: https://opensource.com/article/21/4/opensource.com/users/seth
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[12]: http://slax.org
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[13]: http://www.tinycorelinux.net/
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[14]: http://www.slitaz.org/en/
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[15]: http://kali.org
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[16]: https://www.elivecd.org/
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@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
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[#]: subject: (3 beloved USB drive Linux distros)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/4/usb-drive-linux-distro)
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[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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3 个心爱的 U 盘 Linux 发行版
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======
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开源技术人员对此深有体会。
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![Linux keys on the keyboard for a desktop computer][1]
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很少有 Linux 用户不记得他们第一次发现你可以启动计算机并在上面运行 Linux 而不需要实际安装它。当然，许多用户都知道可以启动计算机进入操作系统安装程序，但是 Linux 不同：它根本就不需要安装！你的计算机甚至不需要有一个硬盘驱动器。你可以通过一个 U 盘运行 Linux 几个月甚至几_年_。
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自然，有一些不同的”实时“ Linux 发行版可供选择。我们向我们的作者询问了他们的最爱，他们的回答代表了现有的全部内容。
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### 1\. Puppy Linux
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”作为之前的**Puppy Linux** 开发者，我对此的看法相当偏颇。 但 Puppy 最初吸引我的地方是：
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* 它专注于第三世界国家容易获得的低端和老旧硬件。这为买不起最新的现代系统的贫困地区开放了计算能力
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* 它能够在内存中运行，当它被使用时可以提供一些有趣的安全优势
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* 它在一个单一的 SFS 文件中处理用户文件和会话，使得备份、恢复或移动你现有的桌面/应用/文件到另一个安装中只需一个拷贝命令“
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—[JT Pennington][2]
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”对我来说，它一直是 **Puppy Linux**。它启动迅速，支持旧硬件。GUI 超级容易说服别人第一次尝试 Linux“。—[Sachin Patil][3]
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”Puppy 是真正能在任何东西上运行的实时发行版。我有一台废弃的 microATX 塔式电脑，它的光驱坏了，也没有硬盘（为了数据安全，它已经被拆掉了），而且几乎没有内存。我把 Puppy 插入它的 SD 卡插槽，运行了好几年。“ —[Seth Kenlon][4]
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”我没有那么多使用 U 盘 Linux 发行版的经验，但我把票投给 **Puppy Linux**。它很轻，而且完全适用于旧机器。“ —[Sergey Zarubin][5]
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### 2\. Fedora 和 Red Hat
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”我最喜欢的 USB 发行版其实是 **Fedora Live USB**。它有一个浏览器、磁盘工具和一个终端模拟器，所以我可以用它来拯救机器上的数据，或者我可以浏览网页或在需要时用 ssh 进入其他机器做一些工作。所有这些都不需要在记忆棒上存储任何数据，也不会在使用中的机器被泄露的情况下将其暴露出来。“ —[Steve Morris][6]
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”我过去一直使用 Puppy 和 DSL。这些天我有两个 U 盘：**RHEL7 和 RHEL8**。 这两个都被配置为完整的工作环境，能够为 UEFI 和 BIOS 启动。当我面对一个随机的硬件，我们有问题要解决时，这些都是现实生活和时间的救星。“ —[Steven Ellis][7]
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### 3\. Porteus
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”不久前，我安装了每个版本的 Porteus 系统的虚拟机。那很有趣，所以也许我会再看一下它们。每当提到微型发行版的话题时，我总是想起我记得的第一个使用的发行版：**tomsrtbt**。它一直被设计成适合放在软盘上。我不知道它现在有多大用处，但我想我应该把它放在一起。“ —[Alan Formy-Duval][8]
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”作为一个长期的 Slackware 用户，我很欣赏 **Porteus** 提供的 Slack 的最新版本，以及一个灵活的环境。你可以用 Porteus 在内存中运行启动，这样就不需要把 U 盘连接到你的电脑上，或者你可以从驱动器上运行，这样你就可以保留你的修改。打包应用很容易，而且 Slacker 社区有很多现有的软件包。这是我唯一需要的实时发行版“。—[Seth Kenlon][4]。
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### 额外的：Knoppix
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”我已经有一段时间没有使用 **Knoppix** 了，但我曾一度经常使用它来拯救那些被恶意软件破坏的 Windows 电脑。它最初于 2000 年 9 月发布，此后一直在持续开发。它最初是以 Linux 顾问 Klaus Knopper 的名字开发并命名的，被设计为 Live CD。我们用它来拯救由于恶意软件和病毒而变得无法访问的 Windows 系统上的用户文件“。—[Don Watkins][9]
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”Knoppix 对实时 Linux 有很大的影响，但它也是对盲人用户最方便的发行版之一。它的 [ADRIANE 界面][10] 被设计成可以在没有视觉显示器的情况下使用，并且可以处理任何用户可能需要从计算机上获得的所有最常见的任务。“ —[Seth Kenlon][11] 。
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### 选择你的实时 Linux
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有很多没有提到的，比如 [Slax][12]（一个基于 Debian 的实时发行版）、[Tiny Core][13]、[Slitaz][14]、[Kali][15]（一个注重安全的实用发行版）、[E-live][16]，等等。如果你有一个空闲的 U 盘，把 Linux 放在上面，在任何时候都可以在任何电脑上使用 Linux！
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/21/4/usb-drive-linux-distro
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作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/linux_keyboard_desktop.png?itok=I2nGw78_ (Linux keys on the keyboard for a desktop computer)
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[2]: https://opensource.com/users/jtpennington
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[3]: https://opensource.com/users/psachin
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[4]: http://opensource.com/users/seth
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[5]: https://opensource.com/users/sergey-zarubin
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[6]: https://opensource.com/users/smorris12
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[7]: https://opensource.com/users/steven-ellis
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[8]: https://opensource.com/users/alanfdoss
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[9]: https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins
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[10]: https://opensource.com/life/16/7/knoppix-adriane-interface
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[11]: https://opensource.com/article/21/4/opensource.com/users/seth
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[12]: http://slax.org
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[13]: http://www.tinycorelinux.net/
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[14]: http://www.slitaz.org/en/
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[15]: http://kali.org
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[16]: https://www.elivecd.org/
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