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20140919-1 选题
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Another Italian City Says Goodbye To Microsoft Office, Will Switch To OpenOffice Soon
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================================================================================
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It seems [Open Source][1] adoption is the latest fad in European countries. Last month only we heard that [Turin became the first Italian city to officially opt for Open Source product][2]. Another city in north-west Italy, [Udine][3], has also announced that it is ditching Microsoft office and will migrate to [OpenOffice][4].
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Udine has a population of 100,000 and the administration has around 900 computers which are running Microsoft Windows as their default productivity suite. As per the [budget document][5], the migration will start somewhere around December with 80 new computers. It will be followed by the migration of older computers to OpenOffice.
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The migration is estimated to save licensing fee which otherwise would have cost around Euro 400 per computer, which makes a total of Euro 360,000. But saving money is not the only goal of this migration, getting regular software update is also one of the factors.
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Of course the transition from Microsoft Office to OpenOffice won’t be smooth. Keeping this in mind, the municipality is planning training sessions for at least first few employees who will get the new machines with OpenOffice.
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As I stated earlier, this seems to be a trend in Europe. [French city Toulouse saved a million euro with LibreOffice][6] earlier this year along with [Canary Islands in Spain][7]. Neighboring Spanish city [Geneva also showed sign of Open Source adoption][8]. In other part of the world, government organizations in [Tamil Nadu][9] and Kerala provinces of India also ditched Microsoft for Open Source.
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I think demise of Windows XP has been a boon for Open Source, along with sluggish economy. Whatever may be the reason, I am happy to see this list growing. What about you?
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://itsfoss.com/udine-open-source/
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作者：[Abhishek][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://itsfoss.com/author/Abhishek/
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[1]:http://itsfoss.com/category/open-source-software/
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[2]:http://itsfoss.com/italian-city-turin-open-source/
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[3]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udine
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[4]:https://www.openoffice.org/
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[5]:http://www.comune.udine.it/opencms/opencms/release/ComuneUdine/comune/Rendicontazione/PEG/PEG_2014/index.html?lang=it&style=1&expfolder=???+NavText+???
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[6]:http://itsfoss.com/french-city-toulouse-saved-1-million-euro-libreoffice/
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[7]:http://itsfoss.com/canary-islands-saves-700000-euro-open-source/
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[8]:http://itsfoss.com/170-primary-public-schools-geneva-switch-ubuntu/
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[9]:http://itsfoss.com/tamil-nadu-switches-linux/
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Mir and Unity 8 Status Update Arrives from Ubuntu Devs
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================================================================================
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> The progress on Unity 8 and Mir is slow, but it's happening
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**Canonical is also working on the Unity desktop environment and the Mir display server, alongside all the other projects. The devs have just released a small update to let us know what is happening on these fronts.**
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Ubuntu developers may be focused on some important releases right now, like the upcoming Ubuntu 14.10 (Utopic Unicorn) or the new Ubuntu Touch for mobile devices, but they are also involved in projects like Mir and Unity 8.
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The current generation of Ubuntu OSes uses the Unity 7 desktop environment, but a new one has been brewing for quite a while. It's already present in the mobile version of Ubuntu, along with the new display server Mir, but the intention is to bring it to the desktop as well.
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The leader of those two projects, Kevin Gunn, usually posts some information about the progress made by the developer and this week we also got word of a few changes, although they are pretty sketchy.
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According to the [devs][1], some blockers for some of the touch/edge issues have been corrected, several translation bugs have been fixed, a few Dash UI-related bugs have been corrected, the team is now working on Mir 0.8, Mir 0.7.2 has been promoted, and the work on other high-priority bugs is still ongoing.
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You can download Ubuntu Next
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- [Ubuntu 14.10 Daily Build (ISO) 64-bit][2]
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- [Ubuntu 14.10 Daily Build (ISO) 32-bit][3]
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- [Ubuntu 14.10 Daily Build (ISO) 64-bit Mac][4]
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- [Ubuntu Desktop Next 14.10 Daily Build (ISO) 64-bit][5]
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- [Ubuntu Desktop Next 14.10 Daily Build (ISO) 32-bit][6]
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That features the new Unity 8 and Mir, but there isn't much to see. It will be a while until it gets a definitive direction.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Mir-and-Unity-8-Update-Arrive-from-Ubuntu-Devs-459263.shtml
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作者：[Silviu Stahie][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://news.softpedia.com/editors/browse/silviu-stahie
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[1]:https://lists.launchpad.net/ubuntu-phone/msg09875.html
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[2]:http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/current/utopic-desktop-amd64.iso
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[3]:http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/current/utopic-desktop-i386.iso
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[4]:http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/current/utopic-desktop-amd64+mac.iso
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[5]:http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-desktop-next/daily-live/current/utopic-desktop-amd64.iso
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[6]:http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-desktop-next/daily-live/current/utopic-desktop-i386.iso
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Netflix Offers to Work with Ubuntu to Bring Native Playback to All
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================================================================================
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**We saw [last month just how close native Netflix support for Linux is][1] to arriving, with now only a few simple steps required to enable HTML5 video streaming on Ubuntu desktops.**
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Now Netflix wants to go one step further. It wants to bring true, out-of-the-box Netflix playback to all Ubuntu users. And all it requires is an update to the **Network Security** Services library.
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### Netflix Natively? Neato. ###
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In [an e-mail][2] sent to the Ubuntu Developer mailing list Netflix’s Paul Adolph explains the current situation:
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> “Netflix will play with Chrome stable in 14.02 if NSS version 3.16.2 or greater is installed. If this version is generally installed across 14.02, Netflix would be able to make a change so users would no longer have to hack their User-Agent to play.”
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While the upcoming release of Ubuntu 14.10 offers the newer [NSS v3.17][3], Ubuntu 14.04 LTS — used by the majority of users — currently offers v3.15.x.
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NSS is a set of libraries that supports a range of security-enabled client and server applications, including SSL, TLS, PKCS and other security standards. Keen to enable native HTML5 Netflix for Ubuntu LTS users, Paul asks:
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> “What is the process of getting a new NSS version into the update stream? Or can somebody please provide me with the right contact?”
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Netflix began offering HTML5 video playback on Windows 8.1 and OS X Yosemite earlier this year, negating the need for any extra downloads or plugins. The switch has been made possible through the [Encrypted Media Extension][4] spec.
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While we wait for the discussions to move forward (and hopefully solve it for all) you can still “hack” HTML5 Netflix on Ubuntu by [following our guide][5].
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/09/netflix-linux-html5-nss-change-request
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作者：[Joey-Elijah Sneddon][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://plus.google.com/117485690627814051450/?rel=author
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[1]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/08/netflix-linux-html5-support-plugins
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[2]:https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-devel-discuss/2014-September/015048.html
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[3]:https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/NSS/NSS_3.17_release_notes
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[4]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encrypted_Media_Extensions
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[5]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/08/netflix-linux-html5-support-plugins
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How to install Arch Linux the easy way with Evo/Lution
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================================================================================
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The one who ventures into an install of Arch Linux and has only experienced installing Linux with Ubuntu or Mint is in for a steep learning curve. The number of people giving up halfway is probably higher than the ones that pull it through. Arch Linux is somewhat cult in the way that you may call yourself a weathered Linux user if you succeed in setting it up and configuring it in a useful way.
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Even though there is a [helpful wiki][1] to guide newcomers, the requirements are still too high for some who set out to conquer Arch. You need to be at least familiar with commands like fdisk or mkfs in a terminal and have heard of mc, nano or chroot to make it through this endeavour. It reminds me of a Debian install 10 years ago.
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For those ambitious souls that still lack some knowledge, there is an installer in the form of an ISO image called [Evo/Lution Live ISO][2] to the rescue. Even though it is booted like a distribution of its own, it does nothing but assist with installing a barebone Arch Linux. Evo/Lution is a project that aims to diversify the user base of Arch by providing a simple way of installing Arch as well as a community that provides comprehensive help and documentation to that group of users. In this mix, Evo is the (non-installable) live CD and Lution is the installer itself. The project's founders see a widening gap between Arch developers and users of Arch and its derivative distributions, and want to build a community with equal roles between all participants.
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The software part of the project is the CLI installer Lution-AIS which explains every step of what happens during the installation of a pure vanilla Arch. The resulting installation will have all the latest software that Arch has to offer without adding anything from AUR or any other custom packages.
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After booting up the ISO image, which weighs in at 422 MB, we are presented with a workspace consisting of a Conky display on the right with shortcuts to the options and a LX-Terminal on the left waiting to run the installer.
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After setting off the actual installer by either right-clicking on the desktop or using ALT-i, you are presented with a list of 16 jobs to be run. It makes sense to run them all unless you know better. You can either run them one by one or make a selection like 1 3 6 or 1-4 or do them all at once by entering 1-16. Most steps need to be confirmed with a 'y' for yes, and the next task waits for you to hit Enter. This will allow time to read the installation guide which is hidden behind ALT-g or even walking away from it.
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The 16 steps are divided in "Base Install" and "Desktop Install". The first group takes care of localization, partitioning, and installing a bootloader.
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The installer leads you through partitioning with gparted, gdisk, and cfdisk as options.
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After you have created partitions (e.g., /dev/sda1 for root and /dev/sda2 for swap using gparted as shown in the screenshot), you can choose 1 out of 10 file systems. In the next step, you can choose your kernel (latest or LTS) and base system.
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After installing the bootloader of your choice, the first part of the install is done, which takes approximately 12 minutes. This is the point where in plain Arch Linux you reboot into your system for the first time.
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With Lution you just move on to the second part which installs Xorg, sound and graphics drivers, and then moves on to desktop environments.
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The installer detects if an install is done in VirtualBox, and will automatically install and load the right generic drivers for the VM and sets up **systemd** accordingly.
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In the next step, you can choose between the desktop environments KDE, Gnome, Cinnamon, LXDE, Enlightenment, Mate or XFCE. Should you not be friends with the big ships, you can also go with a Window manager like Awesome, Fluxbox, i3, IceWM, Openbox or PekWM.
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Part two of the installer will take under 10 minutes with Cinnamon as the desktop environment; however, KDE will take longer due to a much larger download.
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Lution-AIS worked like a charm on two tries with Cinnamon and Awesome. After the installer was done and prompted me to reboot, it took me to the desired environments.
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I have only two points to criticize: when the installer offered me to choose a mirror list and when it created the fstab file. In both cases it opened a second terminal, prompting me with an informational text. It took me a while to figure out I had to close the terminals before the installer would move on. When it prompts you after creating fstab, you need to close the terminal, and answer 'yes' when asked if you want to save the file.
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The second of my issues probably has to do with VirtualBox. When starting up, you may see a message that no network has been detected. Clicking on the top icon on the left will open wicd, the network manager that is used here. Clicking on "Disconnect" and then "Connect" and restarting the installer will get it automatically detected.
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Evo/Lution seems a worthwhile project, where Lution works fine. Not much can be said on the community part yet. They started a brand new website, forum, and wiki that need to be filled with content first. So if you like the idea, join [their forum][3] and let them know. The ISO image can be downloaded from [the website][4].
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/09/install-arch-linux-easy-way-evolution.html
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作者：[Ferdinand Thommes][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://xmodulo.com/author/ferdinand
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[1]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/
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[2]:http://www.evolutionlinux.com/
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[3]:http://www.evolutionlinux.com/forums/
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[4]:http://www.evolutionlinux.com/downloads.html
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Linux FAQs with Answers--How to create a MySQL database from the command line
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================================================================================
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> **Question**: I have a MySQL server up and running somewhere. How can I create and populate a MySQL database from the command line?
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To create a MySQL database from the command line, you can use mysql CLI client. Here is a step-by-step procedure to create and populate a MySQL database using mysql client from the command line.
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### Step One: Install MySQL Client ###
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Of course you need to make sure that MySQL client program is installed. If not, you can install it as follows.
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On Debian, Ubuntu or Linux Mint:
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$ sudo apt-get install mysql-client
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On Fedora, CentOS or RHEL:
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$ sudo yum install mysql
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### Step Two: Log in to a MySQL Server ###
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To begin, first log in to your MySQL server as root with the following command:
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$ mysql -u root -h <mysql-server-ip-address> -p
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Note that to be able to log in to a remote MySQL server, you need to [enable remote access on the server][1]. If you are invoking mysql command on the same host where the MySQL server is running, you can omit "-h <mysql-server-ip-address>" as follows.
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$ mysql -u root -p
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You will be then asked for the password of the MySQL root user. If the authentication succeeds, the MySQL prompt will appear.
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### Step Three: Create a MySQL Database ###
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Before you start typing commands at the MySQL prompt, remember that each command must end with a semicolon (otherwise it will not execute). In addition, consider using uppercase letters for commands and lowercase letter for database objects. Note that this is not required but helpful for reading.
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Now, let's create a database named xmodulo_DB:
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS xmodulo_DB;
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### Step Four: Create a MySQL Table ###
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For a demonstration purpose, we will create a tabled called posts_tbl where we want to store the following information about posts:
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- Text of article
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- Author's first name
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- Author's last name
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- Whether the post is enabled (visible) or not
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- Date when article was posted
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This process is actually performed in two steps:
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First, select the database that we want to use:
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mysql> USE xmodulo_DB;
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Then create a new table in the database:
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mysql> CREATE TABLE 'posts_tbl' (
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'post_id' INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
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'content' TEXT,
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'author_FirstName' VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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'author_LastName' VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT NULL ,
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'isEnabled' TINYINT(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
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'date' TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ,
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PRIMARY KEY ( 'post_id' )
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) TYPE = MYISAM;
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### Step Five: Create a User Account and Grant Permissions ###
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When it comes to accessing our newly created database and tables, it's a good idea to create a new user account, so it can access that database (and that database only) without full permissions to the whole MySQL server.
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You can create a new user, grant permissions and apply changes in two easy steps as follows:
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mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON xmodulo_DB.* TO 'new_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
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mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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where 'new_user' and 'new_password' refer to the new user account name and its password, respectively. This information will be stored in the mysql.user table, and the password will be encrypted.
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### Step Six: Testing ###
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Let's insert one dummy record to the posts_tbl table:
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mysql> USE xmodulo_DB;
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mysql> INSERT INTO posts_tbl (content, author_FirstName, author_LastName)
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VALUES ('Hi! This is some dummy text.', 'Gabriel', 'Canepa');
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Then view all the records in posts_tbl table:
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mysql> SELECT * FROM posts_tbl;
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Note that MySQL automatically inserted the proper default values in the fields where we defined them earlier (e.g., 'isEnabled' and 'date').
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/create-mysql-database-command-line.html
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://xmodulo.com/2012/06/how-to-allow-remote-access-to-mysql.html
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