diff --git a/published/20220913 11 Interesting Firefox Add-ons to Improve Your Browsing Experience.md b/published/20220913 11 Interesting Firefox Add-ons to Improve Your Browsing Experience.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3536b7615c --- /dev/null +++ b/published/20220913 11 Interesting Firefox Add-ons to Improve Your Browsing Experience.md @@ -0,0 +1,275 @@ +[#]: subject: "11 Interesting Firefox Add-ons to Improve Your Browsing Experience" +[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/firefox-add-ons/" +[#]: author: "Pratham Patel https://itsfoss.com/author/pratham/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: "gpchn" +[#]: reviewer: "wxy" +[#]: publisher: "wxy" +[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-15046-1.html" + +11 个有趣的 Firefox 浏览器扩展,改善你的浏览体验 +====== + +1[](https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202209/19/142052i277yjgyy11zzrdu.jpg) + +我想我们都同意,Firefox 是 [Linux 的最佳浏览器][1] 之一。 + +而且锦上添花的是,你可以用一些扩展来提高你的浏览体验! 也许甚至可以将 Facebook 隔离在容器中?😉 + +在我推荐一些优秀的 Firefox 浏览器扩展之前,让我给你一些提示。 + +### 安装 Firefox 扩展前须知 + +我们都知道的一件事是 [盲目地安装浏览器扩展可能是极其有害的][2]。那么如何确定浏览器扩展是否可以安全使用? + +由于本文是关于 Firefox 扩展的,我们将重点放在 Firefox 的*市场*(获取扩展的官方渠道)。 + +虽然没有什么是 100% 安全的,但有几件事可以检查: + +![一个理想的可以安全使用的 Firefox 扩展][3] + +* [扩展的徽章][4]:寻找“推荐”或“By Firefox”徽章;忽略包含警告徽章/图标的扩展。 +* 菜单和评论:虽然仅此一项并不能提供太多保证,但这是你可以在其他方面考虑的一件事。此外,关注评论的数量可以帮助你了解它在用户中是否足够受欢迎。 +* [扩展的权限][5]:某些扩展需要诸如“访问浏览器标签页”、“导航时访问浏览器动作”等权限。记下这一点并确定你对哪些权限的舒适程度。 +* 最后更新日期:有时,即使是优秀的、知名的扩展也不会更新。这没关系,但对于像密码管理器、广告拦截器这样的扩展来说,这很重要。应始终谨慎使用超过 2 个月没更新的扩展。 +* 扩展发布者:始终确保扩展的发布者是你信任的人,或者已经发布了你信任的扩展。 + +话虽如此,让我们来看看一些可以改善你的网络浏览体验的扩展。 + +另请阅读: + +> **[9 个开源扩展可改善你的 Mozilla Firefox 体验][6]** + +### 1、Facebook Container + +![Facebook Container][7] + +**主要亮点:** + +* 由 Mozilla Firefox 团队制作 +* 平均评分为 4.5 星(3,500 多条评论) +* 定期更新 + +每个人都讨厌 Facebook,但很少有人愿意从自己的网站上删除 Facebook 的跟踪元素。所以 Mozilla 引用了一个灭霸的片段 —— “好吧,我自己做”,并为 Firefox 用户创建了这个扩展。 + +顾名思义,为 Facebook 创建了一个隔离容器(与 Docker 无关)。所有与 Facebook 相关的东西都发生在这个孤立的容器中。 这最终使社交媒体巨头更难追踪你。 + +> **[安装 Facebook Container][8]** + +### 2、uBlock Origin + +![ublock origin firefox 1][9] + +**主要亮点:** + +* Mozilla 推荐的扩展 +* 4.8 星的平均评分(14,000 多条评论) +* 定期更新 + +uBlock Origin 是 Firefox 最知名和最受信任的“广告拦截”扩展之一。是的,它主要用于屏蔽广告,但因为它的基本任务是屏蔽你的网络浏览器中的元素,所以它可以屏蔽很多项目。广告,是的,还有网络跟踪器、加密货币矿工、弹出窗口等。 + +虽然它的权限可能看起来有点过分,但这背后是有原因的。该扩展需要“*在导航期间访问浏览器活动*”和“*访问所有网站的数据*”等权限,以便它可以评估每个查询并阻止那些看起来有害或无用的查询。 + +> **[安装uBlock Origin][10]** + +### 3、Bitwarden + +![Bitwarden 演示][11] + +**主要亮点:** + +* Mozilla 推荐的扩展 +* 平均评分为 4.8 星(6000 多条评论) + +Bitwarden 应该是每个人的首选密码管理器。它为移动端、网页端和 PC 端提供免费同步支持,还可以安全地存储笔记,帮助生成用户名**和**密码、自动填充用户信息等等。最重要的是,[它使用 GPL-3.0 许可证][12]。谁不喜欢自由开源软件? + +Bitwarden 拥有*我会在密码管理器中寻找*的一切。如果你想升级到高级版,只需 10 美元。 我强烈推荐这个 Firefox 扩展! + +> **[安装 Bitwarden][13]** + +### 4、LanguageTool + +![LanguageTool 扩展使用演示][14] + +**主要亮点:** + +* Mozilla 推荐的扩展 +* 平均评分为 4.7 星(2900 多条评论) +* 定期更新 + +你是否想要 [Grammarly][15] 的开源替代品?虽然我在使用 Grammarly 时没有任何问题,但我真正喜欢和首选的是自由开源软件。LanguageTool 是一款出色的工具,可用于检查拼写错误等语法不一致、使用不同的拼写(color 与 colour)、常见的混淆词(then 与 than),你还可以使用它获得同义词库。 + +根据我使用此扩展的经验,它几乎可以在所有文本上可靠地工作。毫无问题。该扩展最大的两个特点如下: + +* 支持超过 25 种语言。支持的语言列在“关于此扩展程序”部分的底部。 +* 使用此扩展无需注册! + +> **[安装 LanguageTool][16]** + +### 5、Tranquikity Reader + +![firefox tanquility][17] + +想象一下,你正在阅读互联网上的一篇文章,网页顶部和底部有两个横幅广告,整个右侧都是广告,底部的广告横幅是自动播放的视频。你打开广告拦截器,但视频继续播放。有时横幅中没有广告,但它们仍然占用了宝贵的屏幕空间。你是否感觉很烦恼? + +别担心,看,Firefox 的 **Tranquility Reader** 扩展可以解决这个问题。此扩展程序删除了“额外的”元素,如照片、视频、广告、社交媒体共享按钮等。它为你提供了一个干净的 UI,只有文本,因此你可以专注于阅读。 + +Tranquility Reader 扩展具有以下统计信息: + +* Mozilla 推荐的扩展 +* 平均评分为 4.6 星(200 条评论) +* 不经常更新但积极维护 + +> **[安装 Tranquility][18]** + +### 6、Enhancer for YouTube + +![Enhancer for YouTube 一项功能的演示][19] + +**主要亮点:** + +* Mozilla 推荐的扩展 +* 平均 4.7 星评级(9,000 多条评论) + +它是 Firefox 中众多 Youtube 增强扩展之一。它为 YouTube 播放器添加了一些按钮,允许进行更多的自定义。你可以获得诸如更改分辨率、控制播放速度、使用鼠标滚轮控制音频音量等功能。 + +你可以在其 [官方网页][20] 上找到有关该扩展程序的更多信息。 + +> **[安装 Enhancer for YouTube][21]** + +### 7、Tomato Clock + +![Tomato Clock][22] + +当你上网时,跟踪你的时间、生产力和理智是至关重要的。尤其是当你正在研究一个主题并陷入困境时,你应该休息一下,但你会过于投入,以至于你可能会忘记时间。 + +Tomato Clock 扩展正如它的名字,它是一个时钟定时器。一个“番茄”有 25 分钟长,根据你对屏幕上显示的内容的心理投入而感觉或长或短。完成 25 分钟后,你将收到一个浏览器通知,通知你时间的流逝。 + +**主要亮点:** + +* Mozilla 推荐的扩展 +* 它的平均评分为 4.5 星(300 多条评论) +* 使用 GPL v3.0 许可证 + +> **[安装 Tomato Clock][23]** + +### 8、Search by Image + +![演示 Firefox 的图片搜索扩展的“捕获”功能][24] + +**关键亮点:** + +* Mozilla 推荐的扩展 +* 平均评分为 4.6 星(1,100 多个评论) +* 对你上传的媒体采用了合理的 [隐私政策][26] + +当你搜索“红色兰博基尼”一词时,你会得到红色兰博基尼的图片。但是,如果你不知道它是什么车呢?这个扩展允许你使用图像而不是文字术语来搜索图像,并显示类似的结果或该图像的来源地。 + +你可以通过以下方式选择图片进行搜索: + +* 选择 URL:这使你可以直接点击显示在网页上的图像。 +* 网页截图:选择网页上的一个特定区域,以便进行反向图像搜索。 +* 本地图片:从计算机的本地驱动器(而不是网页)上传一个现有的图像。 +* URL:粘贴图像的 URL 以进行反向图像搜索。 + +> **[安装 Search by Image][27]** + +### 9、Dictionary Anywhere + +![Dictionary Anywhere 扩展显示所选单词的含义][28] + +**主要亮点:** + +* Mozilla 推荐的扩展 +* 平均 4.3 星评级(260 条评论) +* 不定期更新 + +有一个无障碍的字典从来都不是一件坏事!当然,我已经被 macOS 的“压感查询”功能宠坏了。当我使用 Linux 时,Firefox 的 Dictionary Anywhere 扩展确实弥补了这一点。我需要做的就是双击一个词,然后定义就会弹出来! + +目前,支持的语言只有英语、西班牙语、德语和法语。请注意,这个扩展不能在 Firefox 的阅读模式下工作。这是因为脚本不允许在这种模式下执行。 + +一个小瑕疵是,这使得在一个可编辑的文本中“双击并选择整个单词”变得略微恼人。这是为方便性付出的一个小代价。 + +此外,如果你想要一个积极维护的扩展,这将使你失望。 + +> **[下载 Dictionary Anywhere][29]** + +### 10、Vimium-FF + +![vimium FF][30] + +**主要亮点:** + +* 平均评分 4.8 星(400 多条评论) +* 实验性扩展 + +如果你是 Vim 用户,我就不需要向你解释了,自己去试试吧!你会回来感谢我的。 + +对于那些不知道这个扩展做什么的人,它允许你仅使用 Vim 样式的键在 Firefox 中导航。按 `J` 键向下滚动、`K` 键向上滚动、`X` 键关闭当前选项卡、`T` 键打开一个新选项卡,以及各种其他键盘快捷键。 + +虽然这个扩展有“**实验性**”标志,但在过去一两年的使用经验中,我没有遇到任何问题。 + +> **[下载 Vimium-FF][31]** + +### 11、FireShot + +![fireshot][32] + +FireShot 是一个非常简单的 Firefox 扩展,它允许你将完整的网页截图并保存为长图或 PDF 文件,最重要的是,你还可以在截图上注释(哈哈哈)!但是注释功能只能在 Windows 上使用,真是太可惜了! + +它**没有 Firefox 的“推荐”徽章**。 因此,你可以在决定使用它之前在其附加页面上探索更多有关它的信息。 + +> **[下载 FireShot][33]** + +### 总结 + +本文涵盖了各种 Firefox 扩展,我认为这些扩展应该有助于改善你的 Web 浏览体验。 + +你最喜欢的 Firefox 扩展是什么? 在下面的评论中让我知道你的想法。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.com/firefox-add-ons/ + +作者:[Pratham Patel][a] +选题:[lkxed][b] +译者:[gpchn](https://github.com/gpchn) +校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/pratham/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed +[1]: https://itsfoss.com/best-browsers-ubuntu-linux/ +[2]: https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/chrome-extensions-with-14-million-installs-steal-browsing-data/ +[3]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/bitwarden-firefox-add-on.jpg +[4]: https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/add-on-badges +[5]: https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/permission-request-messages-firefox-extensions +[6]: https://itsfoss.com/best-firefox-add-ons/ +[7]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/facebook-container.jpg +[8]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/facebook-container/ +[9]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/ublockorigin-firefox-1.jpg +[10]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/ublock-origin/ +[11]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/03-bitwarden.webp +[12]: https://github.com/bitwarden/clients/blob/master/LICENSE.txt +[13]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/bitwarden-password-manager/ +[14]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/04-languagetool.webp +[15]: https://www.grammarly.com/ +[16]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/languagetool/ +[17]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/firefox-tanquility.jpg +[18]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tranquility-1/ +[19]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/06-enhancer-for-yt.webp +[20]: https://www.mrfdev.com/how-to-use-enhancer-for-youtube +[21]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/enhancer-for-youtube +[22]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/tomato-time-management.jpg +[23]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tomato-clock/ +[24]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/08-src-by-img.webp +[25]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/search_by_image/privacy/ +[26]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/search_by_image/privacy/ +[27]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/search_by_image/ +[28]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/09-dict-anywhere.webp +[29]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/dictionary-anyvhere/ +[30]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/vimium-firefox.png +[31]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/vimium-ff/ +[32]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/fireshot.jpg +[33]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/fireshot/ diff --git a/published/20220914 Google Uses Fully Homomorphic Open Source Duality-Led Encryption Library.md b/published/20220914 Google Uses Fully Homomorphic Open Source Duality-Led Encryption Library.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7036138cb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/published/20220914 Google Uses Fully Homomorphic Open Source Duality-Led Encryption Library.md @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +[#]: subject: "Google Uses Fully Homomorphic Open Source Duality-Led Encryption Library" +[#]: via: "https://www.opensourceforu.com/2022/09/google-uses-fully-homomorphic-open-source-duality-led-encryption-library/" +[#]: author: "Laveesh Kocher https://www.opensourceforu.com/author/laveesh-kocher/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: "littlebirdnest" +[#]: reviewer: "wxy" +[#]: publisher: "wxy" +[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-15048-1.html" + +谷歌使用 Duality 主导的完全同态开源加密库 +====== + +![](https://www.opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/google-3-1536x1123.jpg) + +> 合作伙伴关系的增长加速了 FHE 市场的采用。 + +据 Duality 技术公司的新闻稿,谷歌已将其在 GitHub 上开源的使用 XLS SDK 开发的开源项目完全同态加密(FHE)转译器与领先的开源完全同态加密fully homomorphic encryption库 OpenFHE 合并。通过使加密知识更简单、更容易接近,开发者对 FHE 的采用将增加。 + +这类称为 FHE 的加密技术不同于更常见的加密技术,因为它可以直接对加密数据进行计算,而无需密钥。一个由知名密码学家组成的社区创建了 OpenFHE,这是一个根深于后量子开源晶格密码学的加密库。 + +该库旨在实现最佳可用性、增强的 API、模块化、跨平台可移植性,以及与硬件结合时的项目加速器。开发人员可以通过将 OpenFHE 与谷歌的转译器结合起来,使用高级代码来操作加密数据,例如经常用于未加密数据的 C++,而不需要学习密码学。 + +谷歌的转译器简化了使用 FHE 驱动的应用程序的过程,而无需目前从头开始构建 FHE 所需的广泛的软件开发专业知识。这填补了软件设计人员和开发人员偶尔遇到的空白,他们希望从 FHE 的功能中受益,而不必经历那具有挑战性的学习曲线。 + +Duality 公司的密码学研究高级主管兼首席科学家 Yuriy Polyakov 补充说:“我们的团队通过我们的 OpenFHE 库达成了重要的里程碑,它已迅速成为当今许多技术领导者的选择,例如谷歌。谷歌转译器为那些非 FHE 专家的应用开发者社区提供了 OpenFHE 同态加密的最新技术。” + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.opensourceforu.com/2022/09/google-uses-fully-homomorphic-open-source-duality-led-encryption-library/ + +作者:[Laveesh Kocher][a] +选题:[lkxed][b] +译者:[littlebirdnest](https://github.com/littlebirdnest) +校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://www.opensourceforu.com/author/laveesh-kocher/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed diff --git a/published/20220916 Penpot is a Solid Open-Source Figma Alternative to Look Out for!.md b/published/20220916 Penpot is a Solid Open-Source Figma Alternative to Look Out for!.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a74a8aa9f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/published/20220916 Penpot is a Solid Open-Source Figma Alternative to Look Out for!.md @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ +[#]: subject: "Penpot is a Solid Open-Source Figma Alternative to Look Out for!" +[#]: via: "https://news.itsfoss.com/penpot-figma-alternative/" +[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: "littlebirdnest" +[#]: reviewer: "wxy" +[#]: publisher: "wxy" +[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-15049-1.html" + +一个值得关注的开源软件 Penpot 将成为 Figma 可靠的替代品! +====== + +> Penpot 是一个自由开源的解决方案,能够替代 Figma 或类似的设计工具。你怎么看? + +![Penpot is a Solid Open-Source Figma Alternative to Look Out for!][1] + +Adobe 以高达 **200 亿美元的价格收购了流行的设计工具** [Figma](https://www.figma.com/)。 + +像往常一样,大型科技公司通过收购企业来消除竞争。因此,这并不完全是一个令人兴奋的消息。 + +但是,**令人兴奋**的是,我们遇到了一个自由开源的设计工具,它从 Figma 中获得灵感并且做得更好! + +### Penpot:正在开发中的自由开源的设计工具 + +![Penpot UI][3] + +[Penpot][4] Penpot 是一个正在积极开发的开源项目。将近两年前,它在 ProductHunt 上推出,目前处于测试阶段。 + +**Penpot 值得关注的地方:** + +- 自由开源(当然)。 +- 可以选择自托管。 +- 跨平台。 +- 使用 SVG 作为原生格式。 +- 基于 Web。 +- 具有行业标准功能(受 Figma 启发)。 + +你可以观看其官方视频以了解其基础知识: + +![Penpot for Beginners][6] + +Penpot 的主要亮点是使用 SVG 作为其原生格式。使用 SVG 文件,你可以获得与许多矢量图形编辑工具很好的兼容性。 + +因此,你保存下来的文件,同样可以被其他的图片编辑软件打开,而不会被其专有的格式锁定在一个特定的软件上。 + +Penpot 为你提供绝对最佳的开放标准。 + +Penpot 的 CEO,Pablo Ruiz-Múzquiz 提到了更多: + +> 如果你在存储层面上采用 SVG(开放标准,支持 Web,移动互联网等),你马上就可以将你所有的 Penpot 设计与你的代码库整合起来。由于采用了 SVG 而不是另一种封闭的格式,你可以对设计本身的实际表现进行修改。这为设计师和开发人员打开了巨大的机会之门。另外,SVG 意味着我们免费地就为低代码提供了支持。你可以在 Penpot 中选择任何元素并查看它的 SVG(和 CSS)形式,知道它实际上是什么,无需翻译。这给设计师和开发人员之间带来了更值得信赖的关系,并允许前端开发人员尝试他们的设计技能。 + +所以,使用 SVG 作为原生格式有很多优势! + +目前,该项目处于测试阶段,且在项目中有大量熟练的贡献者不断改进。 + +**这可以让它变成 Figma 最有用的开源替代品,让设计工具突破了大型技术公司。** + +你可以自行托管它或使用云应用程序对其进行测试。在其官方网站上注册以学习和试验它。 + +你还可以查看其 [GitHub 页面](https://github.com/penpot/penpot) 以探索更多信息。 + +> **[Penpot](https://penpot.app/)** + +这也让我想起了 [Akira](https://github.com/akiraux/Akira),它的目标是成为一个用于 UI 和 UX 设计的原生 Linux 应用程序。它仍处于早期开发阶段,但当涉及 Linux 或开源计划时,这种努力总是受到赞赏。 + +*💬 你如何看待 Penpot 作为 Figma 的开源替代品?* + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://news.itsfoss.com/penpot-figma-alternative/ + +作者:[Ankush Das][a] +选题:[lkxed][b] +译者:[littlebirdnest](https://github.com/littlebirdnest) +校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed +[1]: https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1200/2022/09/penpot-opensource-figma-ft.jpg +[2]: https://www.figma.com/ +[3]: https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2022/09/penpot-screenshot.jpg +[4]: https://penpot.app/ +[5]: https://www.producthunt.com/products/penpot?utm_source=badge-featured&utm_medium=badge#penpot +[6]: https://youtu.be/JozESuPcVpg +[7]: https://github.com/penpot/penpot +[8]: https://penpot.app/ +[9]: https://github.com/akiraux/Akira diff --git a/sources/talk/20200426 20 Facts About Linus Torvalds, the Creator of Linux and Git.md b/sources/talk/20200426 20 Facts About Linus Torvalds, the Creator of Linux and Git.md deleted file mode 100644 index 5ef0a0a943..0000000000 --- a/sources/talk/20200426 20 Facts About Linus Torvalds, the Creator of Linux and Git.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,192 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "20 Facts About Linus Torvalds, the Creator of Linux and Git" -[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/linus-torvalds-facts/" -[#]: author: "Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/" -[#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: "gpchn" -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -20 Facts About Linus Torvalds, the Creator of Linux and Git -====== -*Brief: Some known, some lesser known – here are 20 facts about the Linus Torvalds, creator of the Linux kernel.* - -![Linus Torvalds, creator of Linux and Git][1] - -[Linus Torvalds][2], a Finnish student, developed a Unix-like operating system while he was doing his masters in the year 1991. Since then, it’s sparked a revolution: today it powers most of the web, many embedded devices and every one of the [top 500 supercomputers][3]. - -I’ve already written about some less known [facts about Linux][4]. This article is not about Linux. It’s about its creator, Linus Torvalds. - -I learned a number of things about Torvalds by reading his biography [Just for Fun][5]. If you’re interested, you can [order a copy of the biography from Amazon][6]. (This is an [affiliate][7] link.) - -### 20 Interesting facts about Linus Torvalds - -You’ll probably already know some of these facts about Linus but the chances are that you’ll learn some new facts about him by reading this. - -#### 1. Named after a Nobel prize winner - -Linus Benedict Torvalds was born on December 28th 1969 in Helsinki. He comes from a family of journalists. His father [Nils Torvalds][11] is a Finnish politician and a likely candidate for president in future elections. - -He was named after [Linus Pauling][12], a double Nobel prize winner in Chemistry and Peace. - -#### 2. All the Torvalds in the world are relatives - -While you may find several people with the name Linus, you won’t find many people with the name Torvalds – because the ‘correct’ spelling is actually Torvald (without the s). His grandfather changed his name from Torvald to Torvalds, adding an ‘s’ at the end. And thus the Torvalds dynasty (if I can call it that) began. - -Since it’s such an unusual surname, there are hardly 30 Torvalds in the world and they’re all relatives, claims Linus Torvalds in his biography. - -![Linus Torvalds with sister Sara Torvalds][13] - -#### 3. Commodore Vic 20 was his first computer - -At the age of 10, Linus started writing programs in BASIC on his maternal grandfather’s Commodore Vic 20. This is when he discovered his love for computers and programming. - -#### 4. Second Lieutenant Linus Torvalds - -Though he preferred to spend time on computers rather than in athletic activities, he had to attend compulsory military training. He held the rank of Second Lieutenant. - -#### 5. He created Linux because he didn’t have money for UNIX - -In early 1991, unhappy with [MS-DOS][14] and [MINIX][15], Torvalds wanted to buy a UNIX system. Luckily for us, he didn’t have enough money. So he decided to make his own clone of UNIX, from scratch. - -#### 6. Linux could have been called Freax - -In September ’91, Linus announced Linux (standing for ‘Linus’s MINIX’) and encouraged his colleagues to use its source code for wider distribution. - -Linus thought that the name Linux was too egotistical. He wanted to change it to Freax (based on free, freak and MINIX), but his friend Lemmarke had already created a directory called Linux on his FTP server. And thus the name Linux continued. - -#### 7. Linux was his main project at University - -“Linux: A Portable Operating System” was the title of his thesis for his M.Sc. - -#### 8. He married his student - -In 1993, when he was teaching at the University of Helsinki, he gave the task of composing email as homework to the students. Yeah, composing emails were a big deal back then. - -A female student named Tove Monni completed the task by sending him an email asking him out on a date. He accepted and three years later the first of their three daughters was born. - -Shall I say he started the internet dating trend? Hmm … nah! Let’s leave it there ;) - -![Linus Torvalds with his wife Tove Monni Torvalds][16] - -#### 9. Linus has an asteroid named after him - -He has numerous awards to his name, including an asteroid named [9793 Torvalds][17]. - -#### 10. Linus had to battle for the trademark of Linux - -Linux is a trademark registered with Linus Torvalds. Torvalds didn’t care about the trademark initially, but in August 1994, a William R. Della Croce, Jr. registered the Linux trademark and started demanding royalties from Linux developers. Torvalds sued him in return and in 1997, the case was settled. - -![Who is Linus Torvalds? Know about him in 2 minutes!][18] - -#### 11. Steve Jobs wanted him to work on Apple’s macOS - -In 2000, Apple’s founder [Steve Jobs invited him to work on Apple’s macOS][19]. Linus refused the lucrative offer and continued to work on the Linux kernel. - -#### 12. Linus also created Git - -Most people know Linus Torvalds for creating the Linux kernel. But he also created [Git][20], a version control system that is extensively used in software development worldwide. - -Till 2005, (then) proprietary service [BitKeeper][21] was used for Linux kernel development. When Bitkeeper shut down its free service, Linus Torvalds created Git on his own because none of the other version control systems met his needs. - -#### 13. Linus hardly codes these days - -Though Linus works full time on the Linux kernel, he hardly writes any code for it anymore. In fact, most of the code in the Linux kernel is by contributors from around the world. He ensures that things go fine at each release with the help of kernel maintainers. - -#### 14. Torvalds hates C++ - -Linus Torvalds has a strong [dislike for the C++ programming language][22]. He has been very vocal about it. He jokes that the Linux kernel compiles faster than a C++ program. - -#### 15. Even Linus Torvalds found Linux difficult to install (you can feel good about yourself now) - -A few years ago, Linus told that [he found Debian difficult to install][23]. He is [known to be using Fedora][24] on his main workstation. - -#### 16. He loves scuba diving - -Linus Torvalds loves scuba diving. He even created [Subsurface][25], a dive logging tool for scuba divers. You’ll be surprised that sometimes he even answers general questions on its forum. - -![Linus Torvalds in Scuba Gear][26] - -#### 17. The foul-mouthed Torvalds has improved his behavior - -Torvalds is known for using [mild expletives][27] on the Linux kernel mailing list. This has been criticized by some in the industry. However, it would be difficult to criticize his banter of “[F**k you, NVIDIA][28]” as it prompted better support for the Linux kernel from NVIDIA. - -In 2018, [Torvalds took a break from Linux kernel development to improve his behavior][29]. This was done just before he signed the controversial [code of conduct for Linux kernel developers][30]. - -![Linus Torvalds Middle finger to Nvidia : Fuck You Nvidia][31] - -#### 18. He is too shy to speak in public - -Linus doesn’t feel comfortable with public speaking. He doesn’t attend many events. And when he does, he prefers to sit down and be interviewed by the host. This is his favorite way of doing a public talk. - -#### 19. Not a social media buff - -[Google Plus][32] is the only social media platform he has used. He even spent some time [reviewing gadgets][33] there in his free time. Google Plus is now discontinued so he has no other social media accounts. - -#### 20. Torvalds is settled in the USA - -Linus moved to the US in 1997 and settled there with his wife Tove and their three daughters. He became a US citizen in 2010. At present, he works full-time on the Linux kernel as part of the [Linux Foundation][34]. - -It’s difficult to say what the net worth of Linus Torvalds is or how much Linus Torvalds earns because this information has never been made public. - -![Tove and Linus Torvalds with their daughters Patricia, Daniela and Celeste][35] - -Picture credit: [opensource.com][36] - -If you’re interested in learning more about the early life of Linus Torvalds, I recommend reading his biography entitled [Just for Fun][37]. - -*Disclaimer: Some of the images here have been taken from the internet. I do not own the copyright to the images. I also do not intend to invade the privacy of the Torvalds family with this article.* - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://itsfoss.com/linus-torvalds-facts/ - -作者:[Abhishek Prakash][a] -选题:[lkxed][b] -译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://itsfoss.com/ -[b]: https://github.com/lkxed -[1]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Linus-Torvalds-featured-800x450.png -[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Torvalds -[3]: https://itsfoss.com/linux-runs-top-supercomputers/ -[4]: https://itsfoss.com/facts-linux-kernel/ -[5]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID -[6]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID -[7]: https://itsfoss.com/affiliate-policy/ -[8]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID -[9]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID -[10]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID -[11]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Torvalds -[12]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Pauling -[13]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Linus_and_sara_Torvalds.jpg -[14]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS -[15]: https://www.minix3.org/ -[16]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Linus_torvalds-wife-800x533.jpg -[17]: http://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/1928421 -[18]: https://youtu.be/eE-ovSOQK0Y -[19]: https://www.macrumors.com/2012/03/22/steve-jobs-tried-to-hire-linux-creator-linus-torvalds-to-work-on-os-x/ -[20]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git -[21]: https://www.bitkeeper.org/ -[22]: https://lwn.net/Articles/249460/ -[23]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qHGTs1NSB1s -[24]: https://plus.google.com/+LinusTorvalds/posts/Wh3qTjMMbLC -[25]: https://subsurface-divelog.org/ -[26]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Linus_Torvalds_in_SCUBA_gear.jpg -[27]: https://www.theregister.co.uk/2016/08/26/linus_torvalds_calls_own_lawyers_nasty_festering_disease/ -[28]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_36yNWw_07g -[29]: https://itsfoss.com/torvalds-takes-a-break-from-linux/ -[30]: https://itsfoss.com/linux-code-of-conduct/ -[31]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Linus-Torvalds-Fuck-You-Nvidia.jpg -[32]: https://plus.google.com/+LinusTorvalds -[33]: https://plus.google.com/collection/4lfbIE -[34]: https://www.linuxfoundation.org/ -[35]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/patriciatorvalds.jpg -[36]: https://opensource.com/life/15/8/patricia-torvalds-interview -[37]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID -[38]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID -[39]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID -[40]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID diff --git a/sources/tech/20210115 How open source builds distributed trust.md b/sources/tech/20210115 How open source builds distributed trust.md index 7aae6f9d94..ef285122b5 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20210115 How open source builds distributed trust.md +++ b/sources/tech/20210115 How open source builds distributed trust.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: translator: (MareDevi) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) diff --git a/sources/tech/20220505 Boost the power of C with these open source libraries.md b/sources/tech/20220505 Boost the power of C with these open source libraries.md index 96a806a4f4..f82f416d24 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20220505 Boost the power of C with these open source libraries.md +++ b/sources/tech/20220505 Boost the power of C with these open source libraries.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ [#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/22/5/libsoup-gobject-c" [#]: author: "Joël Krähemann https://opensource.com/users/joel2001k" [#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: " " +[#]: translator: "Donkey-Hao" [#]: reviewer: " " [#]: publisher: " " [#]: url: " " @@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ via: https://opensource.com/article/22/5/libsoup-gobject-c 作者:[Joël Krähemann][a] 选题:[lkxed][b] -译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +译者:[Donkey-Hao](https://github.com/Donkey-Hao) 校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 diff --git a/sources/tech/20220608 Rufus for Linux- Here Are the Best Live USB Creating Tools.md b/sources/tech/20220608 Rufus for Linux- Here Are the Best Live USB Creating Tools.md deleted file mode 100644 index f31a61661e..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20220608 Rufus for Linux- Here Are the Best Live USB Creating Tools.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,137 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "Rufus for Linux? Here Are the Best Live USB Creating Tools" -[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/live-usb-creator-linux/" -[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/" -[#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: "alfred-hong" -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -Rufus for Linux? Here Are the Best Live USB Creating Tools -====== -Rufus is an open-source utility to create bootable USB drives. It is straightforward to use, with available options to tweak as per your requirements. Not just the ease of use, it is also incredibly fast to make bootable USB drives. - -Unfortunately, Rufus is not available for Linux, it is only exclusive to Windows. So, most of us who have used it on Windows, look for Rufus alternatives on Linux. - -If you are in the same boat, fret not, we have some excellent alternatives for various use-cases. - -Let us explore some Rufus alternatives for Linux: - -### 6 Best Live USB Creation Tools for Linux - -All the options listed are entirely open-source and work perfectly fine with Linux distributions. - -**Note:** *The list is in no particular order of ranking.* - -#### 1. BalenaEtcher - -![balena etcher 2022][1] - -BalenaEtcher or Etcher is a good option for multiple platforms (Windows, macOS), including Linux users. - -You do not get any advanced options here. Hence, it is pleasantly easy to use. Simply select the ISO (image file) and proceed to flash it on the target USB drive. - -It is completely open-source and validates your drive after the process. Furthermore, it auto-selects connected USB drives to avoid choosing any hard disk if you accidentally wipe it. - -You can refer to our [handy guide][2] to install it on Linux. - -[BalenaEtcher][3] - -#### 2. Fedora Media Writer - -![fedora media writer][4] - -Fedora Media Writer is particularly known to help you create live USB for Fedora Linux distribution. It can download the ISO file for you if you do not have it already. - -It is also an excellent utility to fix your USB drive if you cannot format it for an issue caused by other bootable USB creation tools. - -Fret not, you can also select a custom image (apart from Fedora Linux) to create a bootable USB. - -You can find the [Flatpak][5] package on Flathub for the latest version on any Linux distribution. Refer to our [Flatpak guide][6] if you’re new to this. - -[Fedora Media Writer][7] - -#### 3. Startup Disk Creator - -![startup disk creator][8] - -If you are using Ubuntu on your system, you already have a bootable USB creator pre-installed, i.e., Startup Disk Creator. - -You can use it to select the desired ISO file (preferably any Ubuntu version) and choose the target USB device to proceed. - -Once you confirm the action, it will proceed with writing the data to complete the bootable drive. - -#### 4. SUSE Studio Imagewriter - -![imagewriter suse][9] - -SUSE Studio Imagewriter is a simple live USB creator. - -I did not find it in the software center for Ubuntu, but it was available in the community repositories (Manjaro) and AUR. So, you can take a look at it if it is available for your Linux distribution. - -[SUSE Studio Imagewriter][10] - -#### 5. UNetbootin - -![unetbootin][11] - -UNetbootin is a live USB creator that supports Linux, Windows, and macOS. You get a few options to tweak, in case you want to explore all the available drives, and can also select a distribution to download the ISO file automatically. - -It is not specific for any Linux distribution, unlike some options above. So, it supports a wide variety of distributions and system utilities. - -[UNetbootin][12] - -#### 6. Ventoy - -![ventoy screenshot 2022][13] - -Ventoy is an interesting bootable USB solution that lets you simply copy-paste the image to create a live USB drive. - -You only have to install Ventoy to the USB drive, which makes two separate partitions. One of the partitions is used to store ISO images that you can simply paste into the USB drive to make it bootable. - -Interestingly, you can also use it to [create multiboot USB][14]. - -It is available for Windows and Linux. - -[Ventoy][15] - -### Wrapping Up - -Ventoy seems like an exciting choice among the options above if you need multiple Linux distributions on your USB drive without needing to repeatedly flash it. - -For simplicity, distro-specific tools can be a good pick, like Startup Disk Creator for Ubuntu, and Fedora Image Writer for Fedora Linux. - -SUSE Image Studio is an interesting option, but may not be the most convenient one. - -If you do not have any specific preferences, BalenaEtcher should be a straightforward option, with UNetbootin as a suitable alternative to it. - -What do you prefer to create a bootable USB drive? Let me know your thoughts in the comments below. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://itsfoss.com/live-usb-creator-linux/ - -作者:[Ankush Das][a] -选题:[lkxed][b] -译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/ -[b]: https://github.com/lkxed -[1]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/balena-etcher-2022-800x537.png -[2]: https://itsfoss.com/install-etcher-linux/ -[3]: https://www.balena.io/etcher/ -[4]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/fedora-media-writer.png -[5]: https://itsfoss.com/what-is-flatpak/ -[6]: https://itsfoss.com/flatpak-guide/ -[7]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.fedoraproject.MediaWriter -[8]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/startup-disk-creator.png -[9]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/imagewriter-suse.png -[10]: https://software.opensuse.org/package/imagewriter -[11]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/unetbootin.png -[12]: https://unetbootin.github.io/ -[13]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/ventoy-screenshot-2022.png -[14]: https://itsfoss.com/multiple-linux-one-usb/ -[15]: https://www.ventoy.net/ diff --git a/sources/tech/20220908 Komikku- A Free and Open-Source Manga Reader for Linux.md b/sources/tech/20220908 Komikku- A Free and Open-Source Manga Reader for Linux.md index f06e419914..8fbbc142f9 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20220908 Komikku- A Free and Open-Source Manga Reader for Linux.md +++ b/sources/tech/20220908 Komikku- A Free and Open-Source Manga Reader for Linux.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ [#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/komikku-manga-reader/" [#]: author: "Anuj Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/anuj/" [#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: " " +[#]: translator: "geekpi" [#]: reviewer: " " [#]: publisher: " " [#]: url: " " diff --git a/sources/tech/20220909 Connect to WiFi Using Terminal in Arch Linux and Other Distros.md b/sources/tech/20220909 Connect to WiFi Using Terminal in Arch Linux and Other Distros.md deleted file mode 100644 index 1348860d45..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20220909 Connect to WiFi Using Terminal in Arch Linux and Other Distros.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,140 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "Connect to WiFi Using Terminal in Arch Linux and Other Distros" -[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/connect-wifi-terminal-linux/" -[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/" -[#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: "geekpi" -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -Connect to WiFi Using Terminal in Arch Linux and Other Distros -====== -This quick guide explains the steps you need to set up and connect to WiFi using a terminal in Arch Linux and other distros. - -This guide is ideal for those scenarios where you are stuck with a terminal without any GUI, and no other wired internet connectivity is available. These steps help you to manually detect the wireless card, and device and connect to the WiFi hotspot with password authentication via terminal. - -This guide uses [iwd][1] (Net Wireless Daemon) to connect to WiFi via a terminal. - -### Connect to WiFi Using Terminal in Arch Linux and Other Distros - -#### 1. Setup iwd - -The `iwd` package comes with three main modules: - -**iwctl** : The wireless client**iwd**: The Daemon**iwmon** : Monitoring tool - -On the terminal type – - -``` -iwctl -``` - -![iwctl Prompt][2] - -If you get a command not found, then you need to download the package from [here][3]. - -So get help from any other system/laptop with an internet connection to download and install the package via mounting the USB. - -Alternatively, if you have a USB dongle with the internet, then plugin that into your system. And install via the below commands. - -The USB dongle should work out of the box in Arch and most Linux systems today to connect to the internet. - -**Arch** - -``` -pacman -S iwd -``` - -**Debian, Ubuntu, and other similar distributions** - -``` -sudo apt-get install iwd -``` - -**Fedora** - -``` -sudo dnf install iwd -``` - -If you get an `iwctl` prompt (like below), then proceed to the next step. - -#### 2. Configure - -Run the below command to get your system’s **wireless device name**. - -``` -device list -``` - -![iwctl – device list][4] - -To **get the list of WiFi networks**, run the below command. Replace `wlan0` with your device name on the below command and all the following commands. - -``` -station wlan0 get-networks -``` - -![iwctl – available networks][5] - -The command gives you the list of available WiFi network with security type and signal strength. - -#### Connect - -To **connect to the WiFi networ**k, run the below command with the WiFi access point name from the above “get-networks” command. - -``` -station wlan0 connect -``` - -Enter your WiFi password when prompted. - -![connect to WiFi using iwctl][6] - -If all, goes well you should be connected to the internet. - -### Usage Guides - -* You can check the connection using a simple ping command as follows. The ping replies successful packet transfers for a stable connection. - -``` -ping -c 3 google.com -``` - -* You can also check the status of the connection using the below command. - -``` -station wlan0 show -``` - -* The iwd keeps the configuration file at `/var/lib/iwd` as a `.psk` file with your access point name. - -* This file contains a hash file that is generated using the password and SSID of your WiFi network. - -* Press `CTRL+D` to leave from the `iwctl` prompt. - -### Wrapping Up - -I hope this guide helps you to connect to the internet via the terminal. This helps when you have no other way to connect to WiFi. For example, if you are installing Arch Linux in a stand-alone system (not a VM), you need to connect to the internet to download packages via a terminal using `pacman`. - -If you face any trouble, mention the error messages in the comment box below. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://www.debugpoint.com/connect-wifi-terminal-linux/ - -作者:[Arindam][a] -选题:[lkxed][b] -译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/ -[b]: https://github.com/lkxed -[1]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Iwd -[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/iwctl-Prompt.jpg -[3]: https://www.archlinux.org/packages/?name=iwd -[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/iwctl-device-list-2.jpg -[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/iwctl-available-networks.jpg -[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/connect-to-WiFi-using-iwctl.jpg diff --git a/sources/tech/20220912 How I recovered my Linux system using a Live USB device.md b/sources/tech/20220912 How I recovered my Linux system using a Live USB device.md deleted file mode 100644 index 684825d3aa..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20220912 How I recovered my Linux system using a Live USB device.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,153 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "How I recovered my Linux system using a Live USB device" -[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/22/9/recover-linux-system-live-usb" -[#]: author: "David Both https://opensource.com/users/dboth" -[#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: "geekpi" -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -How I recovered my Linux system using a Live USB device -====== -The Fedora Live USB distribution provides an effective solution to boot and enter a recovery mode. - -![USB drive][1] - -Image by: Photo by [Markus Winkler][2] on [Unsplash][3] - -I have a dozen or so physical computers in my home lab and even more VMs. I use most of these systems for testing and experimentation. I frequently write about using automation to make sysadmin tasks easier. I have also written in multiple places that I learn more from my own mistakes than I do in almost any other way. - -I have learned a lot during the last couple of weeks. - -I created a major problem for myself. Having been a sysadmin for years and written hundreds of articles and five books about Linux, I really should have known better. Then again, we all make mistakes, which is an important lesson: You're never too experienced to make a mistake. - -I'm not going to discuss the details of my error. It's enough to tell you that it was a mistake and that I should have put a lot more thought into what I was doing before I did it. Besides, the details aren't really the point. Experience can't save you from every mistake you're going to make, but it can help you in recovery. And that's literally what this article is about: Using a Live USB distribution to boot and enter a recovery mode. - -### The problem - -First, I created the problem, which was essentially a bad configuration for the `/etc/default/grub` file. Next, I used Ansible to distribute the misconfigured file to all my physical computers and run `grub2-mkconfig`. All 12 of them. Really, really fast. - -All but two failed to boot. They crashed during the very early stages of Linux startup with various errors indicating that the `/root` filesystem could not be located. - -I could use the root password to get into "maintenance" mode, but without `/root` mounted, it was impossible to access even the simplest tools. Booting directly to the recovery kernel did not work either. The systems were truly broken. - -### Recovery mode with Fedora - -The only way to resolve this problem was to find a way to get into recovery mode. When all else fails, Fedora provides a really cool tool: The same Live USB thumb drive used to install new instances of Fedora. - -After setting the BIOS to boot from the Live USB device, I booted into the Fedora 36 Xfce live user desktop. I opened two terminal sessions next to each other on the desktop and switched to root privilege in both. - -I ran `lsblk` in one for reference. I used the results to identify the `/` root partition and the `boot` and `efi` partitions. I used one of my VMs, as seen below. There is no `efi` partition in this case because this VM does not use UEFI. - -``` -# lsblk -NAME          MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS -loop0           7:0    0  1.5G  1 loop -loop1           7:1    0    6G  1 loop -├─live-rw     253:0    0    6G  0 dm   / -└─live-base   253:1    0    6G  1 dm   -loop2           7:2    0   32G  0 loop -└─live-rw     253:0    0    6G  0 dm   / -sda             8:0    0  120G  0 disk -├─sda1          8:1    0    1G  0 part -└─sda2          8:2    0  119G  0 part -  ├─vg01-swap 253:2    0    4G  0 lvm   -  ├─vg01-tmp  253:3    0   10G  0 lvm   -  ├─vg01-var  253:4    0   20G  0 lvm   -  ├─vg01-home 253:5    0    5G  0 lvm   -  ├─vg01-usr  253:6    0   20G  0 lvm   -  └─vg01-root 253:7    0    5G  0 lvm   -sr0            11:0    1  1.6G  0 rom  /run/initramfs/live -zram0         252:0    0    8G  0 disk [SWAP] -``` - -The `/dev/sda1` partition is easily identifiable as `/boot`, and the root partition is pretty obvious as well. - -In the other terminal session, I performed a series of steps to recover my systems. The specific volume group names and device partitions such as `/dev/sda1` will differ for your systems. The commands shown here are specific to my situation. - -The objective is to boot and get through startup using the Live USB, then mount only the necessary filesystems in an image directory and run the `chroot` command to run Linux in the chrooted image directory. This approach bypasses the damaged GRUB (or other) configuration files. However, it provides a complete running system with all the original filesystems mounted for recovery, both as the source of the tools required and the target of the changes to be made. - -Here are the steps and related commands: - -1. Create the directory `/mnt/sysimage` to provide a location for the `chroot` directory. - -2. Mount the root partition on `/mnt/sysimage:` - -``` -# mount /dev/mapper/vg01-root /mnt/sysimage -``` - -3. Make `/mnt/sysimage` your working directory: - -``` -# cd /mnt/sysimage -``` - -4. Mount the `/boot` and `/boot/efi` filesystems. - -5. Mount the other main filesystems. Filesystems like `/home` and `/tmp` are not needed for this procedure: - -``` -# mount /dev/mapper/vg01-usr usr - -# mount /dev/mapper/vg01-var var -``` - -6. Mount important but already mounted filesystems that must be shared between the chrooted system and the original Live system, which is still out there and running: - -``` -# mount --bind /sys sys - -# mount --bind /proc proc -``` - -7. Be sure to do the `/dev` directory last, or the other filesystems won't mount: - -``` -# mount --bind /dev dev -``` - -8. Chroot the system image: - -``` -# chroot /mnt/sysimage -``` - -The system is now ready for whatever you need to do to recover it to a working state. However, one time I was able to run my server for several days in this state until I could research and test real fixes. I don't really recommend that, but it can be an option in a dire emergency when things just need to get up and running–now! - -### The solution - -The fix was easy once I got each system into recovery mode. Because my systems now worked just as if they had booted successfully, I simply made the necessary changes to `/etc/default/grub` and `/etc/fstab` and ran the `grub2-mkconfig > boot/grub2/grub.cfg` command. I used the `exit` command to exit from chroot and then rebooted the host. - -Of course, I could not automate the recovery from my mishap. I had to perform this entire process manually on each host—a fitting bit of karmic retribution for using automation to quickly and easily propagate my own errors. - -### Lessons learned - -Despite their usefulness, I used to hate the "Lessons Learned" sessions we would have at some of my sysadmin jobs, but it does appear that I need to remind myself of a few things. So here are my "Lessons Learned" from this self-inflicted fiasco. - -First, the ten systems that failed to boot used a different volume group naming scheme, and my new GRUB configuration failed to consider that. I just ignored the fact that they might possibly be different. - -* Think it through completely. -* Not all systems are alike. -* Test everything. -* Verify everything. -* Never make assumptions. - -Everything now works fine. Hopefully, I am a little bit smarter, too. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://opensource.com/article/22/9/recover-linux-system-live-usb - -作者:[David Both][a] -选题:[lkxed][b] -译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://opensource.com/users/dboth -[b]: https://github.com/lkxed -[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/lead-images/markus-winkler-usb-unsplash.jpg -[2]: https://unsplash.com/@markuswinkler?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText -[3]: https://unsplash.com/s/photos/usb?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText diff --git a/sources/tech/20220915 How I switched from Docker Desktop to Colima.md b/sources/tech/20220915 How I switched from Docker Desktop to Colima.md index 9049f38a6b..5957a7849f 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20220915 How I switched from Docker Desktop to Colima.md +++ b/sources/tech/20220915 How I switched from Docker Desktop to Colima.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ [#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/22/9/docker-desktop-colima" [#]: author: "Michael Anello https://opensource.com/users/ultimike" [#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: " " +[#]: translator: "geekpi" [#]: reviewer: " " [#]: publisher: " " [#]: url: " " diff --git a/translated/news/20220914 Google Uses Fully Homomorphic Open Source Duality-Led Encryption Library.md b/translated/news/20220914 Google Uses Fully Homomorphic Open Source Duality-Led Encryption Library.md deleted file mode 100644 index 75cb1d94f1..0000000000 --- a/translated/news/20220914 Google Uses Fully Homomorphic Open Source Duality-Led Encryption Library.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,36 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "Google Uses Fully Homomorphic Open Source Duality-Led Encryption Library" -[#]: via: "https://www.opensourceforu.com/2022/09/google-uses-fully-homomorphic-open-source-duality-led-encryption-library/" -[#]: author: "Laveesh Kocher https://www.opensourceforu.com/author/laveesh-kocher/" -[#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: "littlebirdnest" -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -谷歌使用完全同态开源对偶主导的加密库 -====== -合作伙伴关系的增长加速了 FHE 市场的采用 - -根据 Duality Technologies 的新闻稿,谷歌将其使用Github上开源的 XLS和SDK 开发的开源项目,完全同态加密 (FHE) 转译器与领先的开源全同态加密库 OpenFHE 合并。让开发人员适应FHE将使密码学知识更简单、更易于理解。 - -一类称为 FHE 的加密技术不同于更常见的加密技术,因为它可以直接对加密数据进行计算,而无需密钥。一个由知名密码学家组成的社区创建了 OpenFHE,这是一个根深于后量子开源晶格密码学的加密库。 - -该库旨在实现最佳可用性、增强的 API、模块化、跨平台可移植性,以及与硬件结合时的项目加速器。开发人员可以使用高级代码(例如 C++)操作加密数据,而 C++ 经常用于未加密的数据,通过将 OpenFHE 与 Google 的 Transpiler 相结合,就无需学习密码学。 - -Google 的转译器 简化了使用 FHE 驱动的应用程序的过程,而无需目前从头开始构建 FHE 所需的广泛的软件开发专业知识。这填补了软件设计人员和开发人员偶尔遇到的空白,他们希望从 FHE 的功能中受益,而不必经历那具有挑战性的学习曲线。 - -Duality 密码学研究高级主管兼首席科学家 Yuriy Polyakov 补充说:“我们的团队通过我们的 OpenFHE 库实现了重要的里程碑,它已迅速成为当今许多技术领导者的选择,例如谷歌。Google 转译器为那些非同态加密(FHE) 专家比如,为应用程序的社区开发人员提供了对 OpenFHE 同态加密的最新技术。” - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://www.opensourceforu.com/2022/09/google-uses-fully-homomorphic-open-source-duality-led-encryption-library/ - -作者:[Laveesh Kocher][a] -选题:[lkxed][b] -译者:[littlebirdnest](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://www.opensourceforu.com/author/laveesh-kocher/ -[b]: https://github.com/lkxed diff --git a/translated/news/20220916 Penpot is a Solid Open-Source Figma Alternative to Look Out for!.md b/translated/news/20220916 Penpot is a Solid Open-Source Figma Alternative to Look Out for!.md deleted file mode 100644 index e07ab289bb..0000000000 --- a/translated/news/20220916 Penpot is a Solid Open-Source Figma Alternative to Look Out for!.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,88 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "Penpot is a Solid Open-Source Figma Alternative to Look Out for!" -[#]: via: "https://news.itsfoss.com/penpot-figma-alternative/" -[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/" -[#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: "littlebirdnest" -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -一个值得关注的开源软件Penpot将成为Figma 可靠的替代品! -====== -Penpot 是一个免费的开源解决方案,能够替代 Figma 或类似的设计工具。你怎么看? - -![Penpot is a Solid Open-Source Figma Alternative to Look Out for!][1] - -Adobe以高达**200 亿美元的价格收购了流行的设计工具**[Figma](https://www.figma.com/)。 - -像往常一样,大型科技公司通过收购企业来消除竞争。因此,这并不完全是一个令人兴奋的消息。 - -但是,**令人兴奋**的是,我们遇到了一个免费的开源设计工具,它从 Figma 中获得灵感并且做得更好! - -### **Penpot:开发中的免费和开源设计工具** - -### Penpot:开发中的免费和开源设计工具 - -![Penpot UI][3] - -[Penpot][4] Penpot是一个正在积极开发的开源项目。近两年前它处于测试阶段时就在ProductHunt上发布。 - -**Penpot 的有趣之处在于:** - -- 免费和开源(顾名思义)。 -- 自托管选项。 -- 跨平台。 -- 使用 SVG 作为原生格式。 -- 基于网络。 -- 具有行业标准功能(受 Figma 启发)。 - -您可以观看其官方视频以了解其基础知识: - -![Penpot for Beginners][6] - -Penpot 的主要亮点是使用 SVG 作为其原生格式。使用 SVG 文件,您可以获得与许多矢量图形编辑工具很好的兼容性。 - -因此,您保存下来的文件,同样可以被其他的图片编辑软件打开,而不会被其专有的格式,锁在专门的软件上。 - -Penpot 为您提供绝对最佳的开放标准。 - -* Penpot 的 CEO,** *Pablo Ruiz-Múzquiz*提到了更多: - -所以,使用 SVG 作为原生格式有很多优势! - -目前,该项目处于测试阶段,且在项目中有大量熟练的贡献者不断改进。 - -**这可以证明是 Figma 最有用的开源替代品,突破了设计工具的大技术。** - -您可以自行托管它或使用云应用程序对其进行测试。在其官方网站上注册以学习和试验它。 - -您还可以查看其[GitHub 页面](https://github.com/penpot/penpot)以探索更多信息。 - -[Penpot](https://penpot.app/) - -这也让我想起了[Akira](https://github.com/akiraux/Akira),它的目标是成为一个用于 UI 和 UX 设计的原生 Linux 应用程序。它仍处于早期开发阶段,但当涉及 Linux 或开源计划时,这种努力总是受到赞赏。 - -*💬你如何看待 Penpot 作为 Figma 的开源替代品?* - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://news.itsfoss.com/penpot-figma-alternative/ - -作者:[Ankush Das][a] -选题:[lkxed][b] -译者:[littlebirdnest](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/ -[b]: https://github.com/lkxed -[1]: https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w1200/2022/09/penpot-opensource-figma-ft.jpg -[2]: https://www.figma.com/ -[3]: https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2022/09/penpot-screenshot.jpg -[4]: https://penpot.app/ -[5]: https://www.producthunt.com/products/penpot?utm_source=badge-featured&utm_medium=badge#penpot -[6]: https://youtu.be/JozESuPcVpg -[7]: https://github.com/penpot/penpot -[8]: https://penpot.app/ -[9]: https://github.com/akiraux/Akira diff --git a/translated/talk/20200426 20 Facts About Linus Torvalds, the Creator of Linux and Git.md b/translated/talk/20200426 20 Facts About Linus Torvalds, the Creator of Linux and Git.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d7d0e32101 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/talk/20200426 20 Facts About Linus Torvalds, the Creator of Linux and Git.md @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ +[#]: subject: "20 Facts About Linus Torvalds, the Creator of Linux and Git" +[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/linus-torvalds-facts/" +[#]: author: "Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: "gpchn" +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +关于 Linux 和 Git 的创造者 Linus Torvalds 的 20 个事实 +====== + +*简介:一些已知的,或鲜为人知的东西——这里有 20 个关于 Linux 内核创造者 Linus Torvalds 的事实。* + +![Linus Torvalds,Linux 和 Git 的创造者][1] + +[Linus Torvalds][2] 是一名芬兰学生,他在 1991 年攻读硕士学位时开发了一个类 Unix 操作系统。从那时起,它引发了一场革命:今天它为大多数网络、许多嵌入式设备和 [500 强超级计算机][3] 中的每一台提供支持。 + +我已经写过一些鲜为人知的 [关于 Linux 的事实][4]。但这篇文章不是关于 Linux 的,而是它的创造者,Linus Torvalds。 + +通过阅读他的传记 [Just for Fun][5],我了解了有关 Torvalds 的许多事情。如果你有兴趣,你可以[从亚马逊订购一份传记][6]。(这是一个 [附属][7] 链接。) + +### 关于 Linus Torvalds 的 20 个有趣事实 + +你可能已经知道一些关于 Linus 的事实,但是通过阅读这篇文章,你很有可能会了解一些关于他的新事实。 + +#### 1. 以诺贝尔奖获得者的名字命名 + +Linus Benedict Torvalds 于 1969 年 12 月 28 日出生于赫尔辛基。他来自一个记者家庭。他的父亲 [Nils Torvalds][11] 是芬兰政治家,可能是未来选举的总统候选人。 + +他以 [Linus Pauling][12] 的名字命名,他是诺贝尔化学与和平奖的双奖获得者。 + +#### 2.世界上所有的Torvalds都是亲戚 + +虽然您可能会找到几个名字为 Linus 的人,但您不会找到很多名字为 Torvalds 的人——因为“正确”的拼写实际上是 Torvald(没有 s)。他的祖父将他的名字从 Torvald 改为 Torvalds,并在末尾添加了一个“s”。于是,Torwalds 王朝(如果我可以这么称呼它的话)开始了。 + +由于这是一个不寻常的姓氏,所以世界上几乎没有 30 个 Torvalds,而且他们都是亲戚,Linus Torvalds 在他的传记中声称。 + +![Linus Torvalds 和姐姐 Sara Torvalds][13] + +#### 3. Commodore Vic 20 是他的第一台电脑 + +10 岁时,Linus 开始在他外祖父的 Commodore Vic 20 上使用 BASIC 编写程序。这是他发现自己对计算机和编程的热爱的时候。 + +#### 4. Linus Torwalds 少尉 + +尽管他更喜欢花时间在电脑上而不是体育活动上,但他必须参加强制性的军事训练。他担任少尉军衔。 + +#### 5. 他创建 Linux 是因为他没有钱购买 UNIX + +1991 年初,由于对 [MS-DOS][14] 和 [MINIX][15] 不满,Torvalds 想购买 UNIX 系统。对我们来说幸运的是,他没有足够的钱。因此,他决定从头开始制作自己的 UNIX 克隆系统。 + +#### 6. Linux 可以被称为 Freax + +91 年 9 月,Linus 发布了 Linux(代表“Linus's MINIX”)并鼓励他的同事使用其源代码进行更广泛的分发。 + +Linus 认为 Linux 这个名字太自负了。他想把它改成 Freax(基于 free、freak 和 MINIX),但他的朋友 Lemmarke 已经在他的 FTP 服务器上创建了一个名为 Linux 的目录。因此,Linux 的名称才得以保留。 + +#### 7. Linux 是他在大学的主要项目 + +“Linux:一种便携式操作系统”是他的硕士论文题目。 + +#### 8. 他娶了他的学生 + +1993年,他在赫尔辛基大学任教时,把写电子邮件的任务作为家庭作业交给了学生。是的,当时撰写电子邮件是一件大事。 + +一位名叫 Tove Monni 的女学生通过向他发送一封电子邮件邀请他约会来完成了这项任务。他接受了,三年后,他们三个女儿中的第一个出生了。 + +我应该说他开始了网恋的潮流吗?嗯……还是不了!让我们把它留在那里 ;) + +![Linus Torvalds 和他的妻子 Tove Monni Torvalds][16] + +#### 9. Linus 有一颗以他的名字命名的小行星 + +他的名字获得了无数奖项,包括一颗名为 [9793 Torvalds][17] 的小行星。 + +#### 10. Linus 不得不为 Linux 的商标而战 + +Linux 是向 Linus Torvalds 注册的商标。 Torvalds 最初并不关心这个商标,但在 1994 年 8 月,William R. Della Croce, Jr. 注册了 Linux 商标,并开始向 Linux 开发人员索要版税。 Torvalds 作为回报起诉了他,并于 1997 年解决了此案。 + +![Linus Torvalds 是谁?2分钟了解他!][18] + +#### 11. Steve Jobs 希望他在 Apple 的 macOS 上工作 + +2000 年,Apple 的创始人 [Steve Jobs 邀请他在 Apple 的 macOS 上工作][19]。Linus 拒绝了丰厚的报价并继续致力于开发 Linux 内核。 + +#### 12. Linus 还创建了 Git + +大多数人都知道 Linus Torvalds 创建 Linux 内核。但他还创建了 [Git][20],这是一个广泛用于全球软件开发的版本控制系统。 + +直到 2005 年,(当时)专有服务 [BitKeeper][21] 被用于 Linux 内核开发。当 Bitkeeper 关闭其免费服务时,Linus Torvalds 自己创建了 Git,因为其他版本控制系统都不能满足他的需求。 + +#### 13. 这些天,Linus 几乎不编程 + +尽管 Linus 全职从事 Linux 内核工作,但他几乎不再为它编写任何代码。事实上,Linux 内核中的大部分代码都来自世界各地的贡献者。在内核维护人员的帮助下,他确保每个版本都能顺利进行。 + +#### 14. Torvalds 讨厌 C++ + +Linus Torvalds 极其的[不喜欢 C++ 编程语言][22],他对此非常直言不讳。他开玩笑说 Linux 内核的编译速度比 C++ 程序快。 + +#### 15. 即使是 Linus Torvalds 也发现 Linux 难以安装(你现在可以自我感觉良好了) + +几年前,Linus 说过 [他发现 Debian 难以安装][23]。他[已知在他的主力工作设备上使用 Fedora][24]。 + +#### 16. 他喜欢水肺潜水 + +Linus Torvalds 喜欢水肺潜水。他甚至创造了 [Subsurface][25],一种供水肺潜水员使用的潜水记录工具。您会惊讶地发现,有时他甚至会在其论坛上回答一般性问题。 + +![穿着潜水装备的 Linus Torvalds][26] + +#### 17. 满嘴脏话的 Torvalds 改善了他的行为 + +Torvalds 以在 Linux 内核邮件列表中使用 [轻度脏话][27] 而闻名,这遭到了一些业内人士的批评。但是,很难批评他对“[F**k you, NVIDIA][28]”的玩笑,因为它促使 NVIDIA 更好地适配 Linux 内核。 + +2018 年,[Torvalds 暂停了 Linux 内核开发以改善他的行为][29]。这是在他签署有争议的 [Linux 内核开发人员行为准则][30] 之前完成的。 + +![Linus Torvalds 对 Nvidia 的中指:去你的 Nvidia][31] + +#### 18. 他太害羞了,不敢在公共场合讲话 + +Linus 对公开演讲感到不舒服。他不参加很多活动。而当他这样做时,他更喜欢坐下来接受主持人的采访。这是他最喜欢的公开演讲方式。 + +#### 19. 不是社交媒体爱好者 + +[Google Plus][32] 是他使用过的唯一社交媒体平台。他甚至在空闲时间在那里花了一些时间[审查小工具][33]。Google Plus 现已停产,因此他没有其他社交媒体帐户。 + +#### 20. Torvalds 定居美国 + +Linus 于 1997 年移居美国,并与他的妻子 Tove 和他们的三个女儿在那里定居。他于 2010 年成为美国公民。目前,作为 [Linux 基金会][34] 的一部分,他全职从事 Linux 内核工作。 + +很难说 Linus Torvalds 的净资产是多少,或者 Linus Torvalds 的收入是多少,因为这些信息从未公开过。 + +![Tove 和 Linus Torvalds 和他们的女儿 Patricia、Daniela 和 Celeste][35] + +图片来源:[opensource.com][36] + +如果您有兴趣了解更多有关 Linus Torvalds 早期生活的信息,我建议您阅读他的传记,书名为 [Just for Fun][37]。 + +*免责声明:这里的一些图片来源于互联网,我没有图像的版权,我也不打算用这篇文章侵犯 Torvalds 家族的隐私。* + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.com/linus-torvalds-facts/ + +作者:[Abhishek Prakash][a] +选题:[lkxed][b] +译者:[gpchn](https://github.com/gpchn) +校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed +[1]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Linus-Torvalds-featured-800x450.png +[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Torvalds +[3]: https://itsfoss.com/linux-runs-top-supercomputers/ +[4]: https://itsfoss.com/facts-linux-kernel/ +[5]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID +[6]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID +[7]: https://itsfoss.com/affiliate-policy/ +[8]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID +[9]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID +[10]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID +[11]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Torvalds +[12]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Pauling +[13]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Linus_and_sara_Torvalds.jpg +[14]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS +[15]: https://www.minix3.org/ +[16]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Linus_torvalds-wife-800x533.jpg +[17]: http://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/1928421 +[18]: https://youtu.be/eE-ovSOQK0Y +[19]: https://www.macrumors.com/2012/03/22/steve-jobs-tried-to-hire-linux-creator-linus-torvalds-to-work-on-os-x/ +[20]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git +[21]: https://www.bitkeeper.org/ +[22]: https://lwn.net/Articles/249460/ +[23]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qHGTs1NSB1s +[24]: https://plus.google.com/+LinusTorvalds/posts/Wh3qTjMMbLC +[25]: https://subsurface-divelog.org/ +[26]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Linus_Torvalds_in_SCUBA_gear.jpg +[27]: https://www.theregister.co.uk/2016/08/26/linus_torvalds_calls_own_lawyers_nasty_festering_disease/ +[28]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_36yNWw_07g +[29]: https://itsfoss.com/torvalds-takes-a-break-from-linux/ +[30]: https://itsfoss.com/linux-code-of-conduct/ +[31]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Linus-Torvalds-Fuck-You-Nvidia.jpg +[32]: https://plus.google.com/+LinusTorvalds +[33]: https://plus.google.com/collection/4lfbIE +[34]: https://www.linuxfoundation.org/ +[35]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/patriciatorvalds.jpg +[36]: https://opensource.com/life/15/8/patricia-torvalds-interview +[37]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID +[38]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID +[39]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID +[40]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0066620732?tag=AAWP_PLACEHOLDER_TRACKING_ID diff --git a/translated/tech/20220608 Rufus for Linux- Here Are the Best Live USB Creating Tools.md b/translated/tech/20220608 Rufus for Linux- Here Are the Best Live USB Creating Tools.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..24e669dfba --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20220608 Rufus for Linux- Here Are the Best Live USB Creating Tools.md @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ +[#]: subject: "Rufus for Linux? Here Are the Best Live USB Creating Tools" +[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/live-usb-creator-linux/" +[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: "alfred-hong" +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +Rufus 创建 Linux? 这里有最佳的 U 盘启动盘创建工具 +====== +Rufus 一个用来创建启动盘的完全开源程序。它可以按照您的需求进行调整,用起来很简单。不仅用起来很方便,而且制作启动盘的速度也很快。 + +遗憾的是,Rufus 不能在Linux上使用,它只能在 Windows 上使用。因此大多数在 Windows 上使用过 Rufus 的人,都会在Linux上寻找替代软件。 + +如果你也是一样在寻找替代品,不用担心,对不同的使用条件我们有一些优秀的替代软件。 + +我们来看看一些关于 Rufus 的替代软件: + +### 6 款最佳的 Linux 启动盘创建工具 + +列出的所有替代软件都是完全开源的,并且在 Linux 发行版运行很好。 + +**注意:** *下列软件无任何特定排序* + +#### 1. BalenaEtcher + +![balena etcher 2022][1] + +BalenaEtcher 或 Etcher 对于多平台( Windows、 MacOS)用户是一个很好的选择,包括 Linux 用户。 + +在此软件上没有任何高级选项。因此十分容易使用。只需要选择 ISO(镜像文件),然后选中目标 U 盘进行写入即可。 + +它是完全开源的,并在写入完成后检验你的 U 盘。此外,它还自动选择连接你的 U 盘,用以避免你不小心的选择硬盘格式化。 + +你可以参考安装 Linux [便捷手册][2]。 + +[BalenaEtcher][3] + +#### 2. Fedora Media Writer + +![fedora media writer][4] + +Fedora Media Writer 是专门用来帮助用户创建 Fedora Linux 启动盘的软件。如果你还没有 ISO 文件,你可以用它下载。 + +它也是一个优秀的 U 盘启动盘修复程序,当其他的 U 盘启动盘创建软件导致你不能格式化你的 U 盘时。 + +不用担心,您也可以选择其他镜像(除了 Fedora Linux)来创建启动盘。 + +你可以在 Flathub 找到任何 Linux 发行版的最新的 [Flatpak][5] 软件包。如果你是新手请参考 [Flatpak 指导][6] + +[Fedora Media Writer][7] + +#### 3. Startup Disk Creator + +![startup disk creator][8] + +如果你使用的是 Ubuntu 系统,再系统上已经预装了一个 U 盘启动盘制作软件即 Startup Disk Creator。 + +你可以用它选择任何需要的 ISO 文件(最好是 Ubuntu 的任何版本)和选择 USB 设备进行下一步。 + +当你确认操作后,它就会写入数据来完成制作启动盘。 + +#### 4. SUSE Studio Imagewriter + +![imagewriter suse][9] + +SUSE Studio Imagewriter 是一个简单的启动盘制作软件。 + +我没有在 Ubuntu 软件中心找到它,但是在 the community repositories (Manjaro) 和 AUR中可以找到。如果它可以适配你的 Linux 发行版,你可以试试它。 + +[SUSE Studio Imagewriter][10] + +#### 5. UNetbootin + +![unetbootin][11] + +UNetbootin 是一个支持 Linux、Windows 和 macOS 的 U 盘启动制作软件. 如果您想查看所有可用的驱动,您有几个选项进行调整,还可以选择一个发行版来自动下载ISO文件。 + +它与上面的软件不同,它并不是指定用在某些 Linux 发行版。因此,它支持各种各种各样的发行版和系统程序。 + +[UNetbootin][12] + +#### 6. Ventoy + +![ventoy screenshot 2022][13] + +Ventoy 是一个有趣的 USB 启动盘解决方案,它只要你复制粘贴镜像文件到 U 盘。 + +你仅仅需要在 U 盘上安装 Venoy,它会在其建立两个分区。其中一个用来存储 ISO 镜像,你只需要将镜像文件粘贴到 U 盘即制作成功。 + +有趣的是你还可以用来[引导多个系统][14]。 + +它可在 Windows 和 Linux 上使用。 + +[Ventoy][15] + +### 尾声 + +如果你的 U 盘上需要多个Linux发行版而不是反复格式化它, Ventoy 似乎是上面所有选项中一个令人兴奋的选择。 + +为了简单起见,特定发行版的工具可是很好的选择,例如:Ubuntu 的 Startup Disk Creator 和 Fedora 的镜像烧录 Fedora Media Writer。 + +SUSE Studio Imagewriter 是一个有趣的选择,但可不能不是最方便的。 + +如果你没有任何特定的偏好,BalenaEtcher 应该是最直接的选择,UNetbootin 是它的一个合适的替代软件。 + +你最偏爱哪个 U 盘启动盘创建软件?在下面的评论区中让我了解你的想法。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.com/live-usb-creator-linux/ + +作者:[Ankush Das][a] +选题:[lkxed][b] +译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed +[1]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/balena-etcher-2022-800x537.png +[2]: https://itsfoss.com/install-etcher-linux/ +[3]: https://www.balena.io/etcher/ +[4]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/fedora-media-writer.png +[5]: https://itsfoss.com/what-is-flatpak/ +[6]: https://itsfoss.com/flatpak-guide/ +[7]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.fedoraproject.MediaWriter +[8]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/startup-disk-creator.png +[9]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/imagewriter-suse.png +[10]: https://software.opensuse.org/package/imagewriter +[11]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/unetbootin.png +[12]: https://unetbootin.github.io/ +[13]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/ventoy-screenshot-2022.png +[14]: https://itsfoss.com/multiple-linux-one-usb/ +[15]: https://www.ventoy.net/ diff --git a/translated/tech/20220909 Connect to WiFi Using Terminal in Arch Linux and Other Distros.md b/translated/tech/20220909 Connect to WiFi Using Terminal in Arch Linux and Other Distros.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6a094096bb --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20220909 Connect to WiFi Using Terminal in Arch Linux and Other Distros.md @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ +[#]: subject: "Connect to WiFi Using Terminal in Arch Linux and Other Distros" +[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/connect-wifi-terminal-linux/" +[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: "geekpi" +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +在 Arch Linux 和其他发行版中使用终端连接到 WiFi +====== +本快速指南介绍了在 Arch Linux 和其他发行版中使用终端设置和连接 WiFi 所需的步骤。 + +本指南非常适合没有 GUI 只有终端且没有其他有线互联网连接可用的情况。这些步骤可帮助你手动检测无线网卡和设备,并通过终端密码验证连接到 WiFi 热点。 + +本指南使用 [iwd][1] (Net Wireless Daemon) 通过终端连接到 WiFi。 + +### 在 Arch Linux 和其他发行版中使用终端连接到 WiFi + +#### 1. 设置 iwd + +`iwd` 包有三个主要模块: + +**iwctl**:无线客户端,**iwd**:守护进程,**iwmon**:监控工具 + +在终端中输入: + +``` +iwctl +``` + +![iwctl 提示符][2] + +如果找不到命令,那么需要从[此处][3]下载安装包。 + +从任何其他具有 Internet 连接的系统/笔记本电脑获取帮助,以通过安装 USB 下载和安装软件包。 + +或者,如果你有一个可连接互联网的 USB 适配器,那么将其插入你的系统。并通过以下命令安装。 + +USB 适配器应该在 Arch 和当今大多数 Linux 系统中开箱即用,以连接到互联网。 + +**Arch** + +``` +pacman -S iwd +``` + +**Debian、Ubuntu 和其他类似发行版** + +``` +sudo apt-get install iwd +``` + +**Fedora** + +``` +sudo dnf install iwd +``` + +如果你收到 `iwctl` 提示符(如下所示),那么继续下一步。 + +#### 2. 配置 + +运行以下命令以获取系统的**无线设备名称**。 + +``` +device list +``` + +![iwctl – 设备列表][4] + +要**获取 WiFi 网络列表**,请运行以下命令。在以下命令和所有其他命令中将 `wlan0` 替换为你的设备名称。 + +``` +station wlan0 get-networks +``` + +![iwctl – 可用网络][5] + +该命令为你提供具有安全类型和信号强度的可用 WiFi 网络列表。 + +#### 连接 + +要**连接到 WiFi 网络**,请使用上述 “get-networks” 命令中的 WiFi 接入点名称运行以下命令。 + +``` +station wlan0 connect +``` + +出现提示符时输入你的 WiFi 密码。 + +![使用 iwctl 连接到 WiFi][6] + +如果一切顺利,你现在可以连接到互联网。 + +### 使用指南 + +* 如下所示,你可以使用简单的 ping 命令检查连接。ping 回复成功的数据包传输表示连接稳定。 + +``` +ping -c 3 google.com +``` + +* 你还可以使用以下命令检查连接状态。 + +``` +station wlan0 show +``` + +* iwd 在 `/var/lib/iwd` 中保存 `.psk` 后缀的配置文件,其中带有你的接入点名称。 + +* 此文件包含使用你的 WiFi 网络的密码和 SSID 生成的哈希文件。 + +* 按 `CTRL+D` 退出 `iwctl` 提示符。 + +### 总结 + +我希望本指南可以帮助你通过终端连接到互联网。当你没有其他方式连接到 WiFi 时,这会有所帮助。例如,如果你在独立系统(不是 VM)中安装 Arch Linux,那么需要连接到 Internet 以通过终端使用 pacman 下载软件包。 + +如果你遇到任何问题,请在下面的评论栏中指出错误消息。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.debugpoint.com/connect-wifi-terminal-linux/ + +作者:[Arindam][a] +选题:[lkxed][b] +译者:[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) +校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed +[1]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Iwd +[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/iwctl-Prompt.jpg +[3]: https://www.archlinux.org/packages/?name=iwd +[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/iwctl-device-list-2.jpg +[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/iwctl-available-networks.jpg +[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/connect-to-WiFi-using-iwctl.jpg diff --git a/translated/tech/20220912 How I recovered my Linux system using a Live USB device.md b/translated/tech/20220912 How I recovered my Linux system using a Live USB device.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8a8fec3956 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20220912 How I recovered my Linux system using a Live USB device.md @@ -0,0 +1,153 @@ +[#]: subject: "How I recovered my Linux system using a Live USB device" +[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/22/9/recover-linux-system-live-usb" +[#]: author: "David Both https://opensource.com/users/dboth" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: "geekpi" +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +我如何使用 Live USB 设备恢复我的 Linux 系统 +====== +Fedora Live USB 发行版为引导和进入恢复模式提供了有效的解决方案。 + +![USB 驱动器][1] + +图片来源:[Markus Winkler][2] 发布于 [Unsplash][3] + +我的家庭实验室里有十几台物理计算机以及更多的虚拟机。我使用这些系统中的大多数进行测试和实验。我经常写关于使用自动化来简化系统管理任务的文章。我还在多个地方写过,我从自己的错误中学到的东西比几乎任何其他方式都多。 + +在过去的几周里,我学到了很多东西。 + +我给自己制造了一个大问题。作为系统管理员多年,写了数百篇关于 Linux 的文章和五本书,我应该知道得更清楚。话又说回来,我们都会犯错,这是一个重要的教训:你永远不会因为有经验而不犯错。 + +我不打算讨论我的错误的细节。告诉你这是一个错误就足够了,在我做之前我应该多考虑一下我在做什么。此外,细节并不是重点。经验不能让你免于犯下的每一个错误,但它可以帮助你恢复。这就是本文要讨论的内容:使用 Live USB 发行版启动并进入恢复模式。 + +### 问题 + +首先,我创建了问题,这本质上是 `/etc/default/grub` 文件的错误配置。接下来,我使用 Ansible 将错误配置的文件分发到我所有的物理计算机并运行 `grub2-mkconfig`。全部 12 个。这真的,真的很快。 + +除了两台之外,所有的都无法启动。它们在 Linux 启动的早期阶段崩溃,出现各种无法定位 `/root` 文件系统的错误。 + +我可以使用 root 密码进入“维护”模式,但是如果没有挂载 `/root`,即使是最简单的工具也无法访问。直接引导到恢复内核也不起作用。系统真的被破坏了。 + +### Fedora 恢复模式 + +解决此问题的唯一方法是找到进入恢复模式的方法。当一切都失败时,Fedora 提供了一个非常酷的工具:用于安装 Fedora 新实例的同一个 Live USB 驱动器。 + +将 BIOS 设置为从 Live USB 设备启动后,我启动到 Fedora 36 Xfce live 用户桌面。我在桌面上打开了两个相邻的终端会话,并在两者中都切换到了 root 权限。 + +我在一个中运行了 `lsblk` 以供参考。我使用结果来识别 `/` 根分区以及 `boot` 和 `efi` 分区。我使用了我的一台虚拟机,如下所示。在这种情况下没有 `efi` 分区,因为此 VM 不使用 UEFI。 + +``` +# lsblk +NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS +loop0 7:0 0 1.5G 1 loop +loop1 7:1 0 6G 1 loop +├─live-rw 253:0 0 6G 0 dm / +└─live-base 253:1 0 6G 1 dm +loop2 7:2 0 32G 0 loop +└─live-rw 253:0 0 6G 0 dm / +sda 8:0 0 120G 0 disk +├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part +└─sda2 8:2 0 119G 0 part + ├─vg01-swap 253:2 0 4G 0 lvm + ├─vg01-tmp 253:3 0 10G 0 lvm + ├─vg01-var 253:4 0 20G 0 lvm + ├─vg01-home 253:5 0 5G 0 lvm + ├─vg01-usr 253:6 0 20G 0 lvm + └─vg01-root 253:7 0 5G 0 lvm +sr0 11:0 1 1.6G 0 rom /run/initramfs/live +zram0 252:0 0 8G 0 disk [SWAP] +``` + +`/dev/sda1` 分区很容易识别为 `/boot`,根分区也很明显。 + +在另一个终端会话中,我执行了一系列步骤来恢复我的系统。特定的卷组名称和设备分区(例如 `/dev/sda1`)因系统而异。此处显示的命令特定于我的情况。 + +目标是使用 Live USB 引导并完成启动,然后仅在镜像目录中挂载必要的文件系统,并运行 `chroot` 命令在 chroot 镜像目录中运行 Linux。这种方法绕过损坏的 GRUB(或其他)配置文件。但是,它提供了一个完整的运行系统,其中安装了所有原始文件系统以进行恢复,既是所需工具的来源,也是要进行更改的目标。 + +以下是步骤和相关命令: + +1. 创建目录 `/mnt/sysimage` 以提供 `chroot` 目录的位置。 + +2. 将根分区挂载到 `/mnt/sysimage`: + +``` +# mount /dev/mapper/vg01-root /mnt/sysimage +``` + +3. 将 `/mnt/sysimage` 设为你的工作目录: + +``` +# cd /mnt/sysimage +``` + +4. 挂载 `/boot` 和 `/boot/efi` 文件系统。 + +5. 挂载其他主要文件系统。此步骤不需要像 `/home` 和 `/tmp` 这样的文件系统: + +``` +# mount /dev/mapper/vg01-usr usr + +# mount /dev/mapper/vg01-var var +``` + +6. 挂载重要但已挂载的文件系统,它们必须在已经 chroot 的系统和原始 Live 系统之间共享,而后者仍然在外面运行: + +``` +# mount --bind /sys sys + +# mount --bind /proc proc +``` + +7. 一定要最后操作 `/dev` 目录,否则其他文件系统不会挂载: + +``` +# mount --bind /dev dev +``` + +8. chroot 系统镜像: + +``` +# chroot /mnt/sysimage +``` + +系统现在已经准备好了,无论你需要做什么,都可以把它恢复到一个工作状态。然而,有一次我能够在这种状态下运行我的服务器数天,直到我能够研究和测试真正的修复方法。我并不推荐这样做,但在紧急情况下,当有任务需要启动和运行时,这可能是一个选择。 + +### 解决方案 + +当我让每个系统进入恢复模式,修复就很容易了。因为我的系统现在就像成功启动一样工作,我只需对 `/etc/default/grub` 和 `/etc/fstab` 进行必要的更改并运行 `grub2-mkconfig > boot/grub2/grub.cfg ` 命令。我使用 `exit` 命令退出 chroot,然后重启主机。 + +当然,我无法自动从我的意外事故中恢复过来。我必须在每台主机上手动执行整个过程,这是使用自动化快速和容易地传播我自己的错误的一点报应。 + +### 得到教训 + +尽管它们很有用,我曾经讨厌在我的一些系统管理员工作中举行的“经验教训”会议,但看来我确实需要提醒自己一些事情。因此,这里是我从这场自作自受的惨败中获得的“教训”。 + +首先,无法引导的十个系统使用了不同的卷组命名方案,而我的新 GRUB 配置没有考虑到这一点。我只是忽略了它们可能不同的事实。 + +* 彻底考虑清楚。 +* 并非所有系统都相同。 +* 测试一切。 +* 验证一切。 +* 永远不要做假设。 + +现在一切正常。希望我也聪明一点。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://opensource.com/article/22/9/recover-linux-system-live-usb + +作者:[David Both][a] +选题:[lkxed][b] +译者:[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) +校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://opensource.com/users/dboth +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed +[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/lead-images/markus-winkler-usb-unsplash.jpg +[2]: https://unsplash.com/@markuswinkler?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText +[3]: https://unsplash.com/s/photos/usb?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText diff --git a/translated/tech/20220913 11 Interesting Firefox Add-ons to Improve Your Browsing Experience.md b/translated/tech/20220913 11 Interesting Firefox Add-ons to Improve Your Browsing Experience.md deleted file mode 100644 index 0ebf214350..0000000000 --- a/translated/tech/20220913 11 Interesting Firefox Add-ons to Improve Your Browsing Experience.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,271 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "11 Interesting Firefox Add-ons to Improve Your Browsing Experience" -[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/firefox-add-ons/" -[#]: author: "Pratham Patel https://itsfoss.com/author/pratham/" -[#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: "gpchn" -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -11个有趣的火狐浏览器扩展,改善您的浏览体验 -====== - -我想我们都同意,Firefox 是 [Linux的最佳浏览器][1] 之一。 - -而且锦上添花的是,您可以用一些扩展来提高您的浏览体验! 甚至可以隔离 Facebook ?😉 - -在我推荐一些优秀的的火狐浏览器扩展之前,让我给您一些提示。 - -### 安装 Firefox 扩展前须知 - -我们都知道的一件事是 [盲目地安装浏览器扩展可能是极其有害的][2]。那么如何确定浏览器扩展是否可以安全使用? - -由于本文是关于 Firefox 扩展的,我们将重点放在 Firefox 的 *marketplace*(获取扩展的官方渠道)。 - -虽然没有什么是 100% 安全的,但有几件事可以检查: - -![一个理想的可以安全使用的 Firefox 插件][3] - -* [扩展徽章][4]:寻找“推荐”或“火狐”徽章;忽略包含警告徽章/图标的附加组件。 -* 菜单和评论:虽然仅此一项并不能提供太多保证,但这是您可以在其他方面考虑的一件事。此外,关注评论数量可以帮助您了解它在用户中是否足够受欢迎。 -* [附加组件权限][5]:某些附加组件需要诸如“访问浏览器选项卡”、“在导航期间访问浏览器活动”等权限。记下这一点并确定您对哪些权限的舒适程度用过的。 -* 最后更新日期:有时,即使是优秀的、知名的扩展也不会更新。这没关系,但对于像密码管理器、广告拦截器这样的东西来说,这很重要。应始终谨慎使用超过 2 个月的插件。 -* 附加组件发布者:始终确保附加组件的发布者是您信任的人,或者已经发布了您已经信任的附加组件。 - -话虽如此,让我们来看看一些可以改善您的网络浏览体验的扩展。 - -**另请阅读**:[9 个开源插件可改善您的 Mozilla Firefox 体验][6] - -### 1. Facebook Container - -![Facebook Container][7] - -**主要亮点:** - -* 由 Mozilla Firefox 团队制作 -* 平均评分为 4.5 星(3,500 多条评论) -* 定期更新 - -每个人都讨厌 Facebook,但很少有人愿意从自己的网站上删除 Facebook 的跟踪元素。 所以 Mozilla 引用了一个灭霸的片段 —— “好吧,我自己做”,并为 Firefox 用户创建了这个插件。 - -顾名思义,为 Facebook 创建了一个隔离容器(与 Docker 无关)。 所有与 Facebook 相关的东西都发生在这个孤立的容器中。 这最终使社交媒体巨头更难追踪您。 - -[安装 Facebook Container][8] - -### 2. uBlock Origin - -![ublock origin firefox 1][9] - -**主要亮点:** - -* Mozilla 推荐扩展 -* 4.8 星的平均评分(14,000 多条评论) -* 定期更新 - -uBlock Origin 是 Firefox 最知名和最受信任的“广告拦截”插件之一。 是的,它主要用于屏蔽广告,但因为它的基本任务是屏蔽您的网络浏览器中的元素,所以它可以屏蔽很多项目。 广告,是的,还有网络跟踪器、加密货币矿工、弹出窗口等。 - -虽然它的权限可能看起来有点过分,但它背后是有原因的。 该插件需要“*在导航期间访问浏览器活动*”和“*访问所有网站的数据*”等权限,以便它可以评估每个查询并阻止那些看起来有害或无用的查询。 - -[安装uBlock Origin][10] - -### 3. Bitwarden - -![Bitwarden 演示][11] - -**主要亮点:** - -* Mozilla 推荐扩展 -* 平均评分为 4.8 星(6000 多条评论) - -Bitwarden 应该是每个人的首选密码管理器。它为移动端、网页端和pc端提供免费同步支持,还可以安全地存储笔记,帮助生成用户名**和**密码,自动填充用户信息等等。最重要的是,[它使用 GPL-3.0 许可证][12]。谁不喜欢免费和开源软件? - -Bitwarden 拥有*我会在密码管理器中寻找*的一切。如果您想升级到高级版,只需 10 美元。 我强烈推荐这个 Firefox 插件! - -[安装 Bitwarden][13] - -### 4. LanguageTool - -![LanguageTool 插件使用演示][14] - -**主要亮点:** - -* Mozilla 推荐扩展 -* 平均评分为 4.7 星(2900 多条评论) -* 定期更新 - -您是否想要 [Grammarly][15] 的开源替代品?虽然我在使用 Grammarly 时没有任何问题,但我真正喜欢和喜欢的是免费和开源软件。LanguageTool 是一款出色的工具,可用于检查拼写错误等语法不一致、使用不同的拼写(color 与 colour)、常见的混淆词(then 与 than),您还可以使用它获得同义词库。 - -根据我使用此插件的经验,它几乎可以在所有文本上可靠地工作。毫无问题。该插件最大的两个特点如下: - -* 支持超过 25 种语言。支持的语言列在“关于此扩展程序”部分的底部。 -* 使用此插件无需注册! - -[安装 LanguageTool][16] - -### 5. Tranquikity Reader - -![firefox tanquility][17] - -想象一下,您正在阅读互联网上的一篇文章,网页顶部和底部有两个横幅广告,整个右侧都是广告,底部的广告横幅是自动播放的视频。您打开广告拦截器,但视频继续播放。有时横幅中没有广告,但它们仍然占用了宝贵的屏幕空间。您是否感觉很烦恼? - -别担心,看,Firefox 的 **Tranquility Reader** 插件可以解决这个问题。此扩展程序删除了“额外”元素,如照片、视频、广告、社交媒体共享按钮等。它为您提供了一个干净的 UI,只有文本,因此您可以专注于阅读。 - -Tranquility Reader 插件具有以下统计信息: - -* Mozilla 推荐扩展 -* 平均评分为 4.6 星(200 条评论) -* 不经常更新但积极维护 - -[安装Tranquility][18] - -### 6. Enhancer for YouTube - -![Enhancer for YouTube 一项功能的演示][19] - -**主要亮点:** - -* Mozilla 推荐扩展 -* 平均 4.7 星评级(9,000 多条评论) - -它是 Firefox 中众多 Youtube 增强插件之一。它为 YouTube 播放器添加了一些按钮,允许进行更多的自定义。 您可以获得诸如更改分辨率、控制播放速度、使用鼠标滚轮控制音频音量等功能。 - -您可以在其 [官方网页][20] 上找到有关该扩展程序的更多信息。 - -[安装 Enhancer for YouTube][21] - -### 7. Tomato Clock - -![Tomato Clock][22] - -当您上网时,跟踪您的时间、生产力和理智是至关重要的。尤其是当您正在研究一个主题并陷入困境时,您应该休息一下,但您会过于投入,以至于您可能会忘记时间。 - -Tomato Clock 插件正如它的名字,它是一个时钟定时器。一个“番茄”有 25 分钟长,根据您对屏幕上显示的内容的心理投入,感觉是长是短。完成 25 分钟后,您将收到一个浏览器通知,通知您时间的流逝。 - -**主要亮点:** - -* Mozilla 推荐扩展 -* 它的平均评分为 4.5 星(300 多条评论) -* 使用 GPL v3.0 许可证 - -[安装 Tomato Clock][23] - -### 8. - -![演示Firefox的图片搜索插件的“捕获”功能。][24] 。 - -**关键亮点:** - -* Mozilla 推荐扩展 -* 平均评分为4.6星(1,100多个评论) -* 对您上传的媒体有值得尊重的 [隐私][25][政策][26] - -当您搜索“红色兰博基尼”一词时,您会得到红色兰博基尼的图片。但是,如果您不知道它是什么车呢?这个插件允许您使用图像而不是文字术语来搜索图像,并显示类似的结果或该图像的来源地。 - -您可以通过以下方式选择图片进行搜索。 - -* 点击URL:这使您可以直接点击显示在网页上的图像。 -* 网页截图:选择网页上的一个特定区域,以便进行反向图像搜索。 -* 本地图片:从计算机的本地驱动器(而不是网页)上传一个现有的图像。 -* URL:粘贴图像的URL以进行反向图像搜索。 - -[安装 Search by Image][27] - -### 9. Dictionary Anywhere - -Dictionary Anywhere 插件显示所选单词的含义。 - -**主要亮点:** - -* Mozilla 推荐扩展 -* 平均4.3星评级(260 条评论) -* 不定期更新 - -有一个无障碍的字典从来都不是一件坏事! 当然,我已经被 macOS 的“强制触摸查询”功能宠坏了。当我使用 Linux 时,Firefox 的 Dictionary Anywhere 插件确实弥补了这一点。我需要做的就是双击一个词,然后定义就会弹出来 - -目前,支持的语言只有英语、西班牙语、德语和法语。请注意,这个扩展不会在 Firefox 的阅读模式下工作。这是因为脚本不允许在这种模式下执行。 - -一个小瑕疵是,这使得在一个可编辑的文本中“双击并选择整个单词”变得略微恼人。这是为方便性付出的一个小代价。 - -此外,如果您想要一个积极维护的扩展,这将使您失望。 - -[下载 Dictionary Anywhere][29] - -### 10. Vimium-FF - -![vimium FF][30] - -**主要亮点:** - -* 平均评分 4.8 星(400 多条评论) -* 实验性扩展 - -如果您是 Vim 用户,我就不需要向您解释了,自己去试试吧!您以后会感谢我的。 - -对于那些不知道这个插件做什么的人,它允许您仅使用 Vim 样式的键在 Firefox 中导航。按 J 下键滚动,K 键向上滚动,X 键关闭当前选项卡,T 键打开一个新选项卡,以及各种其他键盘快捷键。 - -虽然这个附加组件有“**Experimental**”标志,但在过去一两年的使用经验中,我没有遇到任何问题。 - -[下载 Vimium-FF][31] - -### 11. FireShot - -![fireshot][32] - -FireShot 是一个非常简单的 Firefox 插件,它允许您将完整的网页截图并保存为长图或 PDF 文件,最重要的是,您还可以在截图上注释(哈哈哈)!但是注释只能在 Windows 上使用,真是太可惜了! - -它**没有 Firefox 的“推荐”徽章**。 因此,您可以在决定使用它之前在其附加页面上探索更多有关它的信息。 - -[下载 FireShot][33] - -### 总结 - -本文涵盖了广泛的 Firefox 插件,我认为这些插件应该有助于改善您的 Web 浏览体验。 - -您最喜欢的 Firefox 扩展是什么? 在下面的评论中让我知道您的想法。 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://itsfoss.com/firefox-add-ons/ - -作者:[Pratham Patel][a] -选题:[lkxed][b] -译者:[gpchn](https://github.com/gpchn) -校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/pratham/ -[b]: https://github.com/lkxed -[1]: https://itsfoss.com/best-browsers-ubuntu-linux/ -[2]: https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/chrome-extensions-with-14-million-installs-steal-browsing-data/ -[3]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/bitwarden-firefox-add-on.jpg -[4]: https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/add-on-badges -[5]: https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/permission-request-messages-firefox-extensions -[6]: https://itsfoss.com/best-firefox-add-ons/ -[7]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/facebook-container.jpg -[8]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/facebook-container/ -[9]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/ublockorigin-firefox-1.jpg -[10]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/ublock-origin/ -[11]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/03-bitwarden.webp -[12]: https://github.com/bitwarden/clients/blob/master/LICENSE.txt -[13]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/bitwarden-password-manager/ -[14]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/04-languagetool.webp -[15]: https://www.grammarly.com/ -[16]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/languagetool/ -[17]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/firefox-tanquility.jpg -[18]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tranquility-1/ -[19]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/06-enhancer-for-yt.webp -[20]: https://www.mrfdev.com/how-to-use-enhancer-for-youtube -[21]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/enhancer-for-youtube -[22]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/tomato-time-management.jpg -[23]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tomato-clock/ -[24]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/08-src-by-img.webp -[25]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/search_by_image/privacy/ -[26]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/search_by_image/privacy/ -[27]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/search_by_image/ -[28]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/09-dict-anywhere.webp -[29]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/dictionary-anyvhere/ -[30]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/vimium-firefox.png -[31]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/vimium-ff/ -[32]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/fireshot.jpg -[33]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/fireshot/