document/TranslateProject
2
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git synced 2025-01-25 23:11:02 +08:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

translating

Browse Source
This commit is contained in:
geekpi 2020-10-22 08:40:35 +08:00
parent 6cce2f8c83
commit fb18405e70
2 changed files with 132 additions and 132 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

132
sources/tech/20201016 Set up ZFS on Linux with yum.md
View File

@ -1,132 +0,0 @@
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Set up ZFS on Linux with yum)
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/10/zfs-dnf)
[#]: author: (Sheng Mao https://opensource.com/users/ivzhh)
Set up ZFS on Linux with yum
======
Use a yum repo to take advantage of the latest ZFS features on Fedora.
![Puzzle pieces coming together to form a computer screen][1]
I am a Fedora Linux user who runs `yum upgrade` daily. While this habit enables me to run all the latest software (one of [Fedora's four foundations][2] is "first," and it lives up to that), it also highlights any incompatibilities between the [ZFS][3] storage platform and a new kernel.
As a developer, sometimes I need new features from the latest ZFS branch. For example, ZFS 2.0.0 contains an exciting new feature greatly [improving ZVOL sync performance][4], which is critical to me as a KVM user. But this means that if I want to use the 2.0.0 branch, I have to build ZFS myself.
At first, I just compiled ZFS manually from its Git repo after every kernel update. If I forgot, ZFS would fail to be recognized on the next boot. Luckily, I quickly learned how to set up dynamic kernel module support ([DKMS][5]) for ZFS. However, this solution isn't perfect. For one thing, it doesn't utilize the powerful [yum][6] system, which can help with resolving dependencies and upgrading. In addition, switching between your own package and an upstream package is pretty easy with yum.
In this article, I will demonstrate how to set up a yum repo for packaging ZFS. The solution has two steps:
1. Create RPM packages from the ZFS Git repository
2. Set up a yum repo to host the packages
### Create RPM packages
To create RPM packages, you need to install the RPM toolchain. Yum provides groups to bundle installing the tools:
```
`sudo dnf group install 'C Development Tools and Libraries' 'RPM Development Tools'`
```
After these have been installed, you must install all the packages necessary to build ZFS from the ZFS Git repo. The packages belong to three groups:
1. [Autotools][7] to generate build files from platform configurations
2. Libraries for building ZFS kernel and userland tools
3. Libraries for building RPM packages
```
sudo dnf install libtool autoconf automake gettext createrepo \
    libuuid-devel libblkid-devel openssl-devel libtirpc-devel \
    lz4-devel libzstd-devel zlib-devel \
    kernel-devel elfutils-libelf-devel \
    libaio-devel libattr-devel libudev-devel \
    python3-devel libffi-devel
```
Now you are ready to create your own packages.
### Build OpenZFS
[OpenZFS][8] provides excellent infrastructure. To build it:
1. Clone the repository with `git` and switch to the branch/tag that you hope to use.
2. Run Autotools to generate a makefile.
3. Run `make rpm` and, if everything works, RPM files will be placed in the build folder.
```
$ git clone --branch=zfs-2.0.0-rc3 <https://github.com/openzfs/zfs.git> zfs
$ cd zfs
$ ./autogen.sh
$ ./configure
$ make rpm
```
### Set up a yum repo
In yum, a repo is a server or local path that includes metadata and RPM files. A consumer sets up an INI configuration file, and the `yum` command automatically resolves the metadata and downloads the corresponding packages.
Fedora provides the `createrepo` tool to set up a yum repo. First, create the repo and copy all RPM files from the ZFS folder to the repo. Then run `createrepo --update` to include all packages in the metadata:
```
$ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/zfs.repo
$ sudo createrepo /var/lib/zfs.repo
$ sudo cp *.rpm /var/lib/zfs.repo/
$ sudo createrepo --update /var/lib/zfs.repo
```
Create a new configuration file in `/etc/yum.repos.d` to include the repo path:
```
$ echo \
"[zfs-local]\\\nname=ZFS Local\\\nbaseurl=file:///var/lib/zfs.repo\\\nenabled=1\\\ngpgcheck=0" |\
sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/zfs-local.repo
$ sudo dnf --repo=zfs-local list available --refresh
```
Finally, you have reached the end of the journey! You have a working yum repo and ZFS packages. Now you just need to install them:
```
$ sudo dnf install zfs
$ sudo /sbin/modprobe zfs
```
Run `sudo zfs version` to see the version of your userland and kernel tools. Congratulations! You have [ZFS for Fedora][9].
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/20/10/zfs-dnf
作者：[Sheng Mao][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/ivzhh
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/puzzle_computer_solve_fix_tool.png?itok=U0pH1uwj (Puzzle pieces coming together to form a computer screen)
[2]: https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/project/#_what_is_fedora_all_about
[3]: https://zfsonlinux.org/
[4]: https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=OpenZFS-3x-Boost-Sync-ZVOL
[5]: https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/6896
[6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yum_%28software%29
[7]: https://opensource.com/article/19/7/introduction-gnu-autotools
[8]: https://openzfs.org/wiki/Main_Page
[9]: https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/Getting%20Started/Fedora.html

132
translated/tech/20201016 Set up ZFS on Linux with yum.md Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Set up ZFS on Linux with yum)
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/10/zfs-dnf)
[#]: author: (Sheng Mao https://opensource.com/users/ivzhh)
在 Linux 上使用 yum 设置 ZFS
======
在 Fedora 上使用 yum 仓库里来使用最新的 ZFS 特性。
![Puzzle pieces coming together to form a computer screen][1]
我是一名 Fedora Linux 用户，我每天都会运行 `yum upgrade`。虽然这个习惯使我能够运行所有最新的软件([Fedora 的四个基础][2]之一的 “First” （第一），它也做到了)，但它也会提醒 [ZFS][3] 存储平台和新内核之间的任何不兼容。
作为一名开发者，有时我需要最新的 ZFS 分支的新特性。例如，ZFS 2.0.0 包含了一个令人兴奋的新功能，它大大[提高了 ZVOL 同步性能][4]，这对我这个 KVM 用户来说至关重要。但这意味着，如果我想使用 2.0.0 分支，我必须自己构建 ZFS。
起初，我只是在每次内核更新后从它的 Git 仓库中手动编译 ZFS。如果我忘记了，ZFS 就会在下次启动时无法被识别。幸运的是，我很快就学会了如何为 ZFS 设置动态内核模块支持 （[DKMS][5]）。然而，这个解决方案并不完美。首先，它没有利用强大的 [yum][6] 系统，而这个系统可以帮助解决依赖关系和升级。此外，使用 yum 在你自己的包和上游包之间进行切换是非常容易的。
在本文中，我将演示如何设置 yum 仓库来打包 ZFS。这个方案有两个步骤：
1. 从 ZFS 的 Git 仓库中创建 RPM 包。
2. 建立一个 yum 仓库来托管这些包。
### 创建 RPM 包
要创建 RPM 包，你需要安装 RPM 工具链。yum 提供了组来捆绑安装工具：
```
`sudo dnf group install 'C Development Tools and Libraries' 'RPM Development Tools'`
```
安装完这些之后，你必须从 ZFS Git 仓库中安装构建 ZFS 所需的所有包。这些包属于三个组：
1. [Autotools][7]，用于从平台配置中生成构建文件。
2. 用于构建 ZFS 内核和用户态工具的库。
3. 构建 RPM 包的库。
```
sudo dnf install libtool autoconf automake gettext createrepo \
    libuuid-devel libblkid-devel openssl-devel libtirpc-devel \
    lz4-devel libzstd-devel zlib-devel \
    kernel-devel elfutils-libelf-devel \
    libaio-devel libattr-devel libudev-devel \
    python3-devel libffi-devel
```
现在你已经准备好创建你自己的包了。
### 构建 OpenZFS
[OpenZFS][8] 提供了优秀的基础设施。要构建它:
1. 用 `git` 克隆仓库，并切换到你希望使用的分支/标签。
2. 运行 Autotools 生成一个 makefile。
3. 运行 `make rpm`，如果一切正常，RPM 文件将被放置在构建文件夹中。
```
$ git clone --branch=zfs-2.0.0-rc3 <https://github.com/openzfs/zfs.git> zfs
$ cd zfs
$ ./autogen.sh
$ ./configure
$ make rpm
```
### 建立一个 yum 仓库
在 yum 中，仓库是一个服务器或本地路径，包括元数据和 RPM 文件。用户设置一个 INI 配置文件，`yum` 命令会自动解析元数据并下载相应的软件包。
Fedora 提供了 `createrepo` 工具来设置 yum 仓库。首先，创建仓库，并将 ZFS 文件夹中的所有 RPM 文件复制到仓库中。然后运行 `createrepo --update` 将所有的包加入到元数据中。
```
$ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/zfs.repo
$ sudo createrepo /var/lib/zfs.repo
$ sudo cp *.rpm /var/lib/zfs.repo/
$ sudo createrepo --update /var/lib/zfs.repo
```
在 `/etc/yum.repos.d` 中创建一个新的配置文件来包含仓库路径：
```
$ echo \
"[zfs-local]\\\nname=ZFS Local\\\nbaseurl=file:///var/lib/zfs.repo\\\nenabled=1\\\ngpgcheck=0" |\
sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/zfs-local.repo
$ sudo dnf --repo=zfs-local list available --refresh
```
终于完成了！你已经有了一个可以使用的 yum 仓库和 ZFS 包。现在你只需要安装它们。
```
$ sudo dnf install zfs
$ sudo /sbin/modprobe zfs
```
运行 `sudo zfs version` 来查看你的用户态和内核工具的版本。恭喜！你拥有了 [Fedora 中的 ZFS][9]。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/20/10/zfs-dnf
作者：[Sheng Mao][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/ivzhh
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/puzzle_computer_solve_fix_tool.png?itok=U0pH1uwj (Puzzle pieces coming together to form a computer screen)
[2]: https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/project/#_what_is_fedora_all_about
[3]: https://zfsonlinux.org/
[4]: https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=OpenZFS-3x-Boost-Sync-ZVOL
[5]: https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/6896
[6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yum_%28software%29
[7]: https://opensource.com/article/19/7/introduction-gnu-autotools
[8]: https://openzfs.org/wiki/Main_Page
[9]: https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/Getting%20Started/Fedora.html