From fa73025dc787a11b28f5c225df8d2b532221e24a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DeadFire Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2015 15:24:25 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?20150126-3=20=E9=80=89=E9=A2=98?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- ...0126 CD Audio Grabbers--Graphical Based.md | 128 ++++++++++++++++++ ...ving your log files to RAM Using Ramlog.md | 112 +++++++++++++++ ...A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md | 64 +++++++++ 3 files changed, 304 insertions(+) create mode 100644 sources/share/20150126 CD Audio Grabbers--Graphical Based.md create mode 100644 sources/tech/20150126 Improve system performance by moving your log files to RAM Using Ramlog.md create mode 100644 sources/tech/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md diff --git a/sources/share/20150126 CD Audio Grabbers--Graphical Based.md b/sources/share/20150126 CD Audio Grabbers--Graphical Based.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5dcfa26cca --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/share/20150126 CD Audio Grabbers--Graphical Based.md @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +CD Audio Grabbers - Graphical Based +================================================================================ +CD audio grabbers are designed to extract ("rip") the raw digital audio (in a format commonly called CDDA) from a compact disc to a file or other output. This type of software enables a user to encode the digital audio into a variety of formats, and download and upload disc info from freedb, an internet compact disc database. + +Is copying CDs legal? Under US copyright law, converting an original CD to digital files for personal use has been cited as qualifying as 'fair use'. However, US copyright law does not explicitly allow or forbid making copies of a personally-owned audio CD, and case law has not yet established what specific scenarios are permitted as fair use. The copyright position is much clearer in the UK. From 2014 it become legal for UK citizens to make copies of CDs, MP3s, DVD, Blu-rays and e-books. This only applies if the individual owns the physical media being ripped, and the copy is made only for their own private use. For other countries in the European Union, member nations can allow a private copy exception too. + +If you are not sure what the position is for the country you live in, please check your local copyright law to make sure that you are on the right side of the law before using the software featured in this two page article. + +To some extent, it may seem a bit of a chore to rip CDs. Streaming services like Spotify and Google Play Music offer access to a huge library of music in a convenient form, and without having to rip your CD collection. However, if you already have a large CD collection, it is still desirable to be able to convert your CDs to enjoy on mobile devices like smartphones, tablets, and portable MP3 players. + +This two page article highlights my favorite audio CD grabbers. I pick the best four graphical audio grabbers, and the best four console audio grabbers. All of the utilities are released under an open source license. + +---------- + +![](http://www.linuxlinks.com/portal/content2/png/freac.png) + +![](http://www.linuxlinks.com/portal/content/reviews/Utilities/Screenshot-freac.png) + +fre:ac is an open source audio converter and CD ripper that supports a wide range of popular formats and encoders. The utility currently converts between MP3, MP4/M4A, WMA, Ogg Vorbis, FLAC, AAC, WAV and Bonk formats. It comes with several different presents for the LAME encoder. + +#### Features include: #### + +- Easy to learn and use +- Converter for MP3, MP4/M4A, WMA, Ogg Vorbis, FLAC, AAC, WAV and Bonk formats +- Integrated CD ripper with CDDB/freedb title database support +- Multi-core optimized encoders to speed up conversions on modern PCs +- Full Unicode support for tags and file names +- Easy to learn and use, still offers expert options when you need them +- Joblists +- Can use Winamp 2 input plugins +- Multilingual user interface available in 41 languages + +- Website: [freac.org][1] +- Developer: Robert Kausch +- License: GNU GPL v2 +- Version Number: 20141005 + +---------- + +![](http://www.linuxlinks.com/portal/content2/png/Audex.png) + +![](http://www.linuxlinks.com/portal/content/reviews/Utilities/Screenshot-Audex.png) + +Audex is an easy to use open source audio CD ripping application. Whilst it is in a fairly early stage of development, this KDE desktop tool is stable, slick and simple to use. + +The assistant is able to create profiles for LAME, OGG Vorbis (oggenc), FLAC, FAAC (AAC/MP4) and RIFF WAVE. Beyond the assistant you can define your own profile, which means, that Audex works together with commmand line encoders in general. + +#### Features include: #### + +- Extract with CDDA Paranoia +- Extract and encode run parallel +- Filename editing with local and remote CDDB/FreeDB database +- Submit new entries to CDDB/FreeDB database +- Metadata correction tools like capitalize etc +- Multi-profile extraction (with one commandline-encoder per profile) +- Fetch covers from the internet and store them in the database +- Create playlists, cover and template-based-info files in target directory +- Create extraction and encoding protocols +- Transfer files to a FTP-server +- Internationalization support + +- Website: [kde.maniatek.com/audex][2] +- Developer: Marco Nelles +- License: GNU GPL v3 +- Version Number: 0.79 + +---------- + +![](http://www.linuxlinks.com/portal/content2/png/SoundJuicer.png) + +![](http://www.linuxlinks.com/portal/content/reviews/Utilities/Screenshot-SoundJuicer.png) + +Sound Juicer is a lean CD ripper using GTK+ and GStreamer. It extracts audio from CDs and converts it into audio files. Sound Juicer can also play audio tracks directly from the CD, offering a preview before ripping. + +It supports any audio codec supported by a GStreamer plugin, including MP3, Ogg Vorbis, FLAC, and uncompressed PCM formats. + +It is an established part of the GNOME desktop environment. + +#### Features include: #### + +- Automatic track tagging via CDDB +- Encoding to ogg / vorbis, FLAC and raw WAV +- Easy to configure encoding path +- Multiple genres +- Internationalization support + +- Website: [burtonini.com][3] +- Developer: Ross Burton +- License: GNU GPL v2 +- Version Number: 3.14 + +---------- + +![](http://www.linuxlinks.com/portal/content2/png/ripperX.png) + +![](http://www.linuxlinks.com/portal/content/reviews/Utilities/Screenshot-ripperX.png) + +ripperX is an open source graphical interface for ripping CD audio tracks and encoding them to Ogg, MP2, MP3, or FLAC formats. It's goal is to be easy to use, requiring only a few mouse clicks to convert an entire album. It supports CDDB lookups for album and track information. + +It uses cdparanoia to convert (i.e. "rip") CD audio tracks to WAV files, and then calls the Vorbis/Ogg encoder oggenc to convert the WAV to an OGG file. It can also call flac to perform lossless compression on the WAV file, resulting in a FLAC file. + +#### Features include: #### + +- Very simple to use +- Rip audio CD tracks into WAV, MP3, OGG, or FLAC files +- Supports CDDB lookups +- Supports ID3v2 tags +- Pause the ripping process + +- Website: [sourceforge.net/projects/ripperx][4] +- Developer: Marc André Tanner +- License: MIT/X Consortium License +- Version Number: 2.8.0 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://www.linuxlinks.com/article/20150125043738417/AudioGrabbersGraphical.html + +作者：Frazer Kline +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[1]:http://www.freac.org/ +[2]:http://kde.maniatek.com/audex/ +[3]:http://burtonini.com/blog/computers/sound-juicer +[4]:http://sourceforge.net/projects/ripperx/ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sources/tech/20150126 Improve system performance by moving your log files to RAM Using Ramlog.md b/sources/tech/20150126 Improve system performance by moving your log files to RAM Using Ramlog.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..db03257941 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20150126 Improve system performance by moving your log files to RAM Using Ramlog.md @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +Improve system performance by moving your log files to RAM Using Ramlog +================================================================================ +Ramlog act as a system daemon. On startup it creates ramdisk, it copies files from /var/log into ramdisk and mounts ramdisk as /var/log. All logs after that will be updated on ramdisk. Logs on harddrive are kept in folder /var/log.hdd which is updated when ramlog is restarted or stopped. On shutdown it saves log files back to harddisk so logs are consistent. Ramlog 2.x is using tmpfs by default, ramfs and kernel ramdisk are suppored as well. Program rsync is used for log synchronization. + +Note: Logs not saved to harddrive are lost in case of power outage or kernel panic. + +Install ramlog if you have enough of free memory and you want to keep your logs on ramdisk. It is good for notebook users, for systems with UPS or for systems running from flash -- to save some write cycles. + +How it works and what it does: + +1.Ramlog starts among the first daemons (it depends on other daemons you have installed). + +2.Directory /var/log.hdd is created and hardlinked to /var/log. + +3.In case tmpfs (default) or ramfs is used, it is mounted over /var/log + +If kernel ramdisk is used, ramdisk created in /dev/ram9 and it is mounted to /var/log, by default ramlog takes all ramdisk memory specified by kernel argument "ramdisk_size". + +5.All other daemons are started and all logs are updated in ramdisk. Logrotate works on ramdisk as well. + +6.In case ramlog is restarted (by default it is one time per day), directory /var/log.hdd is synchronized with /var/log using rsync. Frequency of the automatic log saves can be controller via cron, by default, the ramlog file is placed into /etc/cron.daily + +7.On shutdown ramlog shuts among the last daemons. + +8. During ramlog stop phase files from /var/log.hdd are synchronized with /var/log +Then /var/log is unmounted, /var/log.hdd is unmounted as well and empty directory /var/log.hdd is deleted. + +**Note:- This article is for advanced users only** + +### Install Ramlog in Ubuntu ### + +First you need to download the .deb package from [here][1] using the following command + + wget http://www.tremende.com/ramlog/download/ramlog_2.0.0_all.deb + +Now you should be having ramlog_2.0.0_all.deb package install this package using the following command + + sudo dpkg -i ramlog_2.0.0_all.deb + +This will complete the installation now you need to run the following commands + + sudo update-rc.d ramlog start 2 2 3 4 5 . stop 99 0 1 6 . + +#Now update sysklogd in init levels, so it is stopped properly before ramlog is stopped: + + sudo update-rc.d -f sysklogd remove + + sudo update-rc.d sysklogd start 10 2 3 4 5 . stop 90 0 1 6 . + +Now you need to restart your system + + sudo reboot + +After rebooting you need to run ‘ramlog getlogsize' to determine the size of your actual /var/log.Add about 40% to that number to ensure your ramdisk has sufficient size -- this will be the ramdisk size + +Edit your boot manager config file such as /etc/grub.conf, /boot/grub/menu.lst or /etc/lilo.conf and add update the actual kernel by adding kernel paramter ‘ramdisk_size=xxx' where xxx is calculated ramdisk size + +### Configuring Ramlog ### + +Ramlog configuration file is located in /etc/default/ramlog on deb based systems and you can set there below variables: + +Variable (with default value): + +Description: + + RAMDISKTYPE=0 + # Values: + # 0 -- tmpfs (can be swapped) -- default + # 1 -- ramfs (no max size in older kernels, + # cannot be swapped, not SELinux friendly) + # 2 -- old kernel ramdisk + TMPFS_RAMFS_SIZE= + #Maximum size of memory to be used by tmpfs or ramfs. + # The value can be percentage of total RAM or size in megabytes -- for example: + # TMPFS_RAMFS_SIZE=40% + # TMPFS_RAMFS_SIZE=100m + # Empty value means default tmpfs/ramfs size which is 50% of total RAM. + # For more options please check ‘man mount', section ‘Mount options for tmpfs' + # (btw -- ramfs supports size limit in newer kernels + # as well despite man says there are no mount options) + # It has only effect if RAMDISKTYPE=0 or 1 + KERNEL_RAMDISK_SIZE=MAX + #Kernel ramdisk size in kilobytes or MAX to use entire ramdisk. + #It has only effect if RAMDISKTYPE=2 + LOGGING=1 + # 0=off, 1=on Logs can be found in /var/log/ramdisk + LOGNAME=ramlog + # name of the ramlog log file (makes sense if LOGGING=1) + VERBOSE=1 + # 0=off, 1=on (if 1, teststartstop puts detials + # to the logs and it is called after start or stop fails) + +### How to uninstall Ubuntu ### + +Open the terminal and run the following command + + sudo dpkg -P ramlog + +Note: If ramlog was running before you uninstalled it, you should reboot your box to finish uninstallation procedure. + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://www.ubuntugeek.com/improve-system-performance-by-moving-your-log-files-to-ram-using-ramlog.html + +作者：[ruchi][a] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:http://www.ubuntugeek.com/author/ubuntufix +[1]:http://www.tremende.com/ramlog/download/ramlog_2.0.0_all.deb \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sources/tech/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md b/sources/tech/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cc6badecc2 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +iptraf: A TCP/UDP Network Monitoring Utility +================================================================================ +[iptraf][1] is an ncurses-based IP LAN monitor that generates various network statistics including TCP info, UDP counts, ICMP and OSPF information, Ethernet load info, node stats, IP checksum errors, and others. + +Its ncurses-based user interface also saves users from remembering command line switches. + +### Features ### + +- An IP traffic monitor that shows information on the IP traffic passing over your network. Includes TCP flag information, packet and byte counts, ICMP details, OSPF packet types. +- General and detailed interface statistics showing IP, TCP, UDP, ICMP, non-IP and other IP packet counts, IP checksum errors, interface activity, packet size counts. +- A TCP and UDP service monitor showing counts of incoming and outgoing packets for common TCP and UDP application ports +- A LAN statistics module that discovers active hosts and shows statistics showing the data activity on them +- TCP, UDP, and other protocol display filters, allowing you to view only traffic you’re interested in. +- Logging +- Supports Ethernet, FDDI, ISDN, SLIP, PPP, and loopback interface types. +- Utilizes the built-in raw socket interface of the Linux kernel, allowing it to be used over a wide range of supported network cards. +- Full-screen, menu-driven operation. + +To install + +### Ubuntu and it’s derivatives ### + + sudo apt-get install iptraf + +### Arch Linux and Its derivatives ### + + sudo pacman -S iptra + +### Fedora and its derivatives ### + + sudo yum install iptraf + +### Usage ### + +If the **iptraf** command is issued without any command-line options, the program comes up in interactive mode, with the various facilities accessed through the main menu. + +![](http://180016988.r.cdn77.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/iptraf_1.png) + +Menu for easy navigation. + +![](http://180016988.r.cdn77.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/iptraf_2.png) + +Selecting interfaces to monitor. + +![](http://180016988.r.cdn77.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/iptraf_3.png) + +Traffic from interface **ppp0** + +![](http://180016988.r.cdn77.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/iptraf_4.png) + +Enjoy! + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://www.unixmen.com/iptraf-tcpudp-network-monitoring-utility/ + +作者：[Enock Seth Nyamador][a] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:http://www.unixmen.com/author/seth/ +[1]:http://iptraf.seul.org/about.html \ No newline at end of file