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Ten Biggest Linux Stories Of The Year 2015
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================================================================================
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Year 2015 is coming to an end and I am here with Year 2015 special series on It’s FOSS. First in this series is the biggest Linux stories of the year 2015. These stories are the ones that had the most impact on the Linux world, both positive and negative.
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I have summarized ten of such stories which created the most buzz in 2015. Here we go!
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### Biggest Linux and Open Source stories of the year 2015 ###
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Just to add, the listed items are not ordered chronologically.
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#### Microsoft’s partnering with Linux ####
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In late September, everyone was shocked to hear that [Microsoft created its own Linux distribution][1]. It was later revealed that [it was a software][2] developed for its Azur cloud switches.
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But the story did not end up just there. Microsoft indeed partnered with Canonical (parent company of Ubuntu Linux) for [HDInsight][3], Microsoft’s big data Hadoop-on-Azure service. Ubuntu was the first Linux on which [Microsoft deployed this software][4].
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Will Microsoft continue its affair with Linux? Or will it dump it after Linux has served its purpose (Azur). Only time will tell.
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#### Microsoft releases Visual Studio Code for Linux ####
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Before Microsoft-Linux distribution uproar, Microsoft has dropped another bomb by releasing Visual Studio Code for Linux, along with Windows and OS X versions. Though Visual Studio Code is not open source, releasing a Linux version was somehow a win for Linux users. After all, Linus Torvalds had famously said, “if Microsoft ever does an application for Linux, it means I’ve won”.
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You can follow this tutorial to see [how to install Visual Studio Code in Ubuntu][5].
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#### Apple open sources Swift programming language ####
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Apple was not behind in showing off its ‘love’ for Linux and Open Source. Apple’s flagship programming language Swift which is used for making iOS apps, [is now open source][6] with Linux ports available. Though in beta, you can easily [install Swift in Ubuntu][7].
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But Apple is Apple and it [started bragging itself][8] as the “first major computer company to make Open Source development a key part of its software strategy…(sic)”.
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#### Ubuntu Phone finally launched ####
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Ubuntu Phone was finally launched earlier this year. Intended for early adopters and developers, Ubuntu was welcomed with open heart by the Ubuntu community. Mainstream smartphone users are still shying away from it, mainly [because the OS is still under heavy development][9]. Year 2016 will be deciding for the existence of Ubuntu Phone.
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#### Financial crisis hits Jolla ####
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Jolla, the company behind Linux based smartphone operating system Sailfish OS, hit a major financial hurdle. It resulted in [half of Jolla employees being laid off][10].
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Jolla had a very [successful crowdfunding campaign][11] in 2014 for its tablet. Apparently, they spent most of the budget on the development of Sailfish OS and when the lead investor backed off, company struggled for its survival.
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Good news is that Jolla has managed to get some solid funding and its ]back in business][12].
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#### Firefox OS is dead ####
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One of the open source alternatives to Android, Mozilla’s mobile operating system Firefox OS died a slow death earlier this month. Intended at developing countries with smartphones as cheap as $25, Firefox OS based smartphones could never gained popularity. I think lack of popular apps and cheap hardware was the main reason.
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In December, [Mozilla announced][13] that it will stop developing Firefox OS and also stop the sale of Firefox smartphones.
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Though it is never announced, I think even [Tizen][14], Linux foundation’s own Linux based mobile OS, is dead as well. I don’t see any development news on Tizen and Linux Foundation never promotes it. It is just the matter of time when we will be invited to the funeral of Tizen.
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#### Infighting in “Ubuntu family” ####
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There were lots of heated discussion in May this year when Kubuntu project lead, [Jonathan Riddell was forced out by Ubuntu Community Council][15]. Jonathan had asked questions about how the donations received by Ubuntu is being spent. He had complained that Kubuntu never saw the money.
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This led to an exchange of accusation between both sides. Ultimately, big daddy of Ubuntu, [Mark Shuttleworth asked Jonathan to step down][16].
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#### Female Linux Kernel developer quits citing ‘brutal communication style’ ####
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Linux creator Linux Torvalds is known for the use of abusive language. Linux Kernel dev [Sarah Sharp][17] is also known for being out spoken.
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Sarah Sharp had earlier locked horns with Linus Torvalds in 2013 when she publicly [advised Linus to keep “verbal violence” off the mailing list][18]. Linus did not take it [lightly][19] as well.
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That was in 2013. In 2015, Sarah announced that she is [stepping down from her work in Kernel community][20] because the communication style lacks basic decency and is brutal and profane.
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This move left people discussing if Linux Kernel community should really change the way they behave or if Sarah took things too far.
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#### Unity gaming editor ported to Linux ####
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While [gaming on Linux][21] is still the Achilles heel for Linux users, the community got excited when gaming engine Unity announced that it is testing its [game editor on Linux][22]. As Linux is used very well for rendering, it is speculated that this move will bring game developers to Linux. It is not confirmed yet if Unity will actually bring a final Linux version of its game editor though.
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#### Open Source adoption in government organization ####
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Administration in several [European cities decided to ditch proprity software][23] and opt for open source alternatives. Most city administration replaced Microsoft Office with LibreOffice or OpenOffice. Few cities and [government][24] schools also went ahead and replaced Microsoft Windows with Linux.
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Cost cutting was one of the major factor in this decision as the city administration saved hundreds of thousands of Euro by adopting Open Source.
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Universities were not far behind in adopting open source as well. All year round, we get to hear how a [university dropped Photoshop for Krita][25] or [university using open source office][26].
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### Conclusion ###
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As with any other year, 2015 also had some positive and some negative moments for Linux lovers. We saw competitors like Microsoft and Apple coming close to Linux, government organizations adopting to open source. At the same time, we witnessed the failure of Firefox smartphone OS. A mixed year, I would say.
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What do you think? I let you share what you think was the most important news for Linux-ers in the year 2015 and your overall feel about it.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://itsfoss.com/biggest-linux-stories-2015/
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作者：[Abhishek][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
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[1]:http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/09/18/microsoft_has_developed_its_own_linux_repeat_microsoft_has_developed_its_own_linux/
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[2]:http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/09/microsoft-has-built-software-but-not-a-linux-distribution-for-its-software-switches/
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[3]:https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/hdinsight/
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[4]:http://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-deploys-first-major-server-application-on-ubuntu-linux/
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[5]:http://itsfoss.com/install-visual-studio-code-ubuntu/
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[6]:http://itsfoss.com/swift-open-source-linux/
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[7]:http://itsfoss.com/use-swift-linux/
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[8]:https://business.facebook.com/itsfoss/photos/pb.115098615297581.-2207520000.1450817108./634288916711879/?type=3&theater
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[9]:http://www.engadget.com/2015/07/24/ubuntu-phone-review/
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[10]:http://techcrunch.com/2015/11/20/jolla-running-out-of-runway-for-its-android-alternative/
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[11]:https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/jolla-tablet-world-s-first-crowdsourced-tablet#/
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[12]:https://blog.jolla.com/jolla-back-business/
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[13]:http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/12/firefox-os-smartphones-are-dead/
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[14]:https://www.tizen.org/
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[15]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2015/05/kubuntu-project-lead-asked-to-step-down-by-ubuntu-community-council
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[16]:http://www.cio.com/article/2926838/linux/mark-shuttleworth-ubuntu-community-council-ask-kubuntu-developer-to-step-down-as-leader.html
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[17]:http://sarah.thesharps.us/
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[18]:http://www.techeye.net/chips/linus-torvalds-and-intel-woman-in-sweary-spat
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[19]:http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=137392506516022&w=2
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[20]:http://www.networkworld.com/article/2988850/opensource-subnet/linux-kernel-dev-sarah-sharp-quits-citing-brutal-communications-style.html
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[21]:http://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-guide/
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[22]:http://itsfoss.com/unity-gaming-engine-linux/
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[23]:http://itsfoss.com/tag/open-source-adoption/
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[24]:http://itsfoss.com/spanish-school-ditches-windows-ubuntu/
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[25]:http://itsfoss.com/french-university-dumps-adobe-photoshop-open-source-app-krita/
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[26]:http://itsfoss.com/hungarian-universities-switch-eurooffice/
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# 2015年度十大Linux事件
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2015年即将结束，我在这里（It's FOSS)发表《2015年的大事件》系列。这个系列的第一篇文章为《2015十大Linux事件》。这些事件在Linux世界中产生了极大的影响，无论它们是积极的还是消极的。
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我总结了2015发生的十个像这样——产生了最大影响的事件。黑喂狗！
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### 2015年度十大Linux/开源相关事件
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补充一句，以下这些项目没有按照时间顺序排列。
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#### 微软与Linux的结盟
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在9月下旬，所有人听到[微软构建了自己的Linux发行版][1]这个消息时都大吃一惊。其在后来被揭露，这其实是一个微软开发的用于`Azur cloud switches`的[软件][2]。
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但故事还没结束。微软真的与Canonical （Ubuntu Linux的母公司）达成合作 来开发[HDInsight][3]——微软在通过Azure上构建Hadoop来进行大数据处理的服务. Ubuntu是[微软在其上部署软件][4]的第一个Linux系统。
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微软会继续保持它与Linux的关系吗？ 还是在使用Linux达到其目的(Azur)就会收手？只有时间能告诉我们一切。
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#### 微软发布适用于Linux的Visual Studio Code
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在微软发布Linux发行版引起喧嚣之前，微软扔下了另一枚炸弹——发布Linux版Visual Studio Code, 与其一并发布的还有Windows以及OS X版。尽管Visual Studio Code并不是开源的，从某种意义上讲，发布Linux版本仍然是Linux用户的胜利。 无论如何，Linus Torvalds曾说过一句很著名的话：“如果微软给Linux开发过一款应用的话，这就意味着我已经赢了”。
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你可以看这个教程来学习[如何在Ubuntu中安装Visual Studio Code][5]。
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#### 苹果公司开源编程语言Swift
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在向Linux及开源“示爱”方面，苹果公司也不甘示弱。苹果用来制作iOS应用的首选编程语言Swift, [现已开源][6]并移植到Linux中。虽然其还在测试中，但你可以轻易地[在Ubuntu中安装Swift][7]。
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但是，苹果就是苹果，它[开始吹嘘][8]其为“第一个视开源开发为公司的关键软件开发策略的计算机公司巨头（原文如此）”。
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#### Ubuntu手机终于发布
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Ubuntu手机终于在今年年初发布。 因其早期使用者及开发者，Ubuntu深受Ubuntu社区喜爱。主流智能机用户仍然回避它，主要[因为该系统还在大规模开发中][9]。对于Ubuntu手机的问世，2016年将成为决定性的一年。
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#### Jolla遭受经济危机
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Jolla, Sailfish OS —— 以Linux为基础的智能手机系统的幕后公司，遭受了严重的财政障碍。这导致了[一半的Jolla员工罢工][10]。
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Jolla在2014年针对它的平板电脑完成了一次非常[成功的众筹][11]，显然，他们将大部分预算都花在了Sailfish OS的开发上，而在主要投资者退出后，公司在挣扎以求生存。
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不过有一个好消息，Jolla成功拿到了一些雄厚的资金，而且他们已[回归经营生意][12]。
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#### Firefox OS已死
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作为安卓的开源替代品，Mozila的移动操作系统Firefox OS在这个月初慢性死亡。本打算在发展中国家售卖低至25美金的智能手机，可Firefox OS永远没有流行起来。我认为主要原因是它的硬件廉价，以及它缺少流行应用。
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在十二月，[Mozilla宣布][13]其将停止开发Firefox OS, 并停止出售Firefox智能手机。
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我认为[Tizen][14], Linux基金会旗下的基于Linux的移动操作系统，也已经消失了，尽管其从未发布过。我没有看到任何关于Tizen开发的消息，而且Linux基金会从未推动过它的开发。Tizen何时死亡只是一个时间问题。
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#### “Ubuntu家族”内讧
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今年五月，Jonathan Riddell，Kubuntu项目的领导者，[被Ubuntu社区委员会强制要求下台][15]，这引起了很多激烈的讨论。Jonathan曾质问Ubuntu所收捐款的使用情况，他抱怨Kubuntu从未见到过这些钱。
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这导致了两方的互相谴责。最终。Ubuntu的老爹，[Mark Shuttleworth要求Jonathan下台][16]。
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#### 女性Linux内核开发者因“野蛮的沟通方式”而退出
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Linux之父Linus Torvalds因其粗俗的语言而著称。Linux内核开发者[Sarah Sharp][17]也因为嘴快心直而著称。
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Sarah Sharp曾在2013年与Linus Torvalds公开争执，[建议Linus将“语言暴力”赶出邮件列表][18]。Linus也没有[委婉地][19]回复她。
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那是在2013年。2015年，Sarah宣布她正在[逐步停止她在内核社区的工作][20]因为他们的交流方式缺乏基本礼仪，并且野蛮而充满亵渎。
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这一举动让人们开始讨论Linux内核社区是否真的应该改变他们的行为方式，还是Sarah做的太过分了。
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#### Unity游戏编辑器移植到Linux平台
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尽管[在Linux上玩游戏][21]认识Linux用户们的阿克琉斯之踵，整个社区在游戏引擎Unity宣布其正在测试[Linux下的游戏编辑器][22]时都沸腾了。因为在渲染图像时，Linux是一个最流行的选择，所以我们推测这将使游戏开发者向Linux靠拢。不过，Unity是否真的会推出一个最终版本的游戏编辑器，这个问题还未被证实。
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#### 政府机构采用开源软件
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欧洲数个城市的管理机构决定[抛弃先前的软件][23]，并使用其开源的替代品。大多数城市管理机构将Microsoft Office替换为LibreOffice或OpenOffice. 一些城市管理机构和[公立学校][24]也跟进，将Microsoft Windows换成Linux.
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对于这一行为，削减成本是一个重要的因素，因为城市管理机构通过采用开源软件省下了无数欧元。
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大学也并没有在采用开源软件的道路上落后。这一年，我们听到了[大学如何抛弃Photoshop改用Krita][25]以及[大学使用开源Office软件][26]的消息。
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### 总结
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与其他年一样，2015年同样有许多另Linux爱好者感到积极或消极的时刻。我们看到Linux的竞争者，如微软和苹果，向Linux靠拢，政府机构采用开源软件。同时，我们特见证了Firefox智能手机系统的失败。我想说，这真是喜忧参半的一年。
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你认为呢？我希望你们分享你们所认为对于Linuxer们来说最重要的新闻，和你们对这一年的整体感受。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://itsfoss.com/biggest-linux-stories-2015/
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作者：[Abhishek][a]
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译者：[ StdioA](https://github.com/StdioA)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: http://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
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[1]: http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/09/18/microsoft_has_developed_its_own_linux_repeat_microsoft_has_developed_its_own_linux/
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[2]: http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/09/microsoft-has-built-software-but-not-a-linux-distribution-for-its-software-switches/
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[3]: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/hdinsight/
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[4]: http://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-deploys-first-major-server-application-on-ubuntu-linux/
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[5]: http://itsfoss.com/install-visual-studio-code-ubuntu/
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[6]: http://itsfoss.com/swift-open-source-linux/
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[7]: http://itsfoss.com/use-swift-linux/
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[8]: https://business.facebook.com/itsfoss/photos/pb.115098615297581.-2207520000.1450817108./634288916711879/?type=3&theater
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[9]: http://www.engadget.com/2015/07/24/ubuntu-phone-review/
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[10]: http://techcrunch.com/2015/11/20/jolla-running-out-of-runway-for-its-android-alternative/
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[11]: https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/jolla-tablet-world-s-first-crowdsourced-tablet#/
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[12]: https://blog.jolla.com/jolla-back-business/
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[13]: http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/12/firefox-os-smartphones-are-dead/
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[14]: https://www.tizen.org/
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[15]: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2015/05/kubuntu-project-lead-asked-to-step-down-by-ubuntu-community-council
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[16]: http://www.cio.com/article/2926838/linux/mark-shuttleworth-ubuntu-community-council-ask-kubuntu-developer-to-step-down-as-leader.html
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[17]: http://sarah.thesharps.us/
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[18]: http://www.techeye.net/chips/linus-torvalds-and-intel-woman-in-sweary-spat
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[19]: http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=137392506516022&w=2
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[20]: http://www.networkworld.com/article/2988850/opensource-subnet/linux-kernel-dev-sarah-sharp-quits-citing-brutal-communications-style.html
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[21]: http://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-guide/
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[22]: http://itsfoss.com/unity-gaming-engine-linux/
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[23]: http://itsfoss.com/tag/open-source-adoption/
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[24]: http://itsfoss.com/spanish-school-ditches-windows-ubuntu/
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[25]: http://itsfoss.com/french-university-dumps-adobe-photoshop-open-source-app-krita/
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[26]: http://itsfoss.com/hungarian-universities-switch-eurooffice/
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