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translated /tech/20151105 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to find which shell I am using on Linux.md translating tech/20151105 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to install Ubuntu desktop behind a proxy.md
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translation by strugglingyouth
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Linux FAQs with Answers--How to find which shell I am using on Linux
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================================================================================
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> **Question**: I often change between different shells at the command line. Is there a quick and easy way to find out which shell I am currently in? Also how can I find out the version of the shell?
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### Find out Which Shell You are In ###
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There are different ways to tell what shell you are currently in. The easiest way to find that out is by using special shell parameters.
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For one, [a special parameter named "$$"][1] denotes the PID of the current instance of the shell you are running. This parameter is read-only and cannot be modified. So the following command will also show you the name of the shell you are running:
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$ ps -p $$
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----------
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PID TTY TIME CMD
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21666 pts/4 00:00:00 bash
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The above command works across all available shells.
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If you are not using csh, another way to find out the current shell is to use an special shell parameter called "$$", which denotes the name of the shell or shell script that is currently running. This is one of the Bash special parameters, but available in other shells as well, such as sh, zsh, tcsh or dash. Using echo command to print out its value will tell you the name of the shell you are currently in.
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$ echo $0
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----------
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bash
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Don't be confused with a separate environment variable called $SHELL, which is set to the full path to your default shell. As such, this variable is not necessarily point to the current shell you are using. For example, $SHELL remains the same even if you invoke a different shell within a terminal.
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$ echo $SHELL
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/bin/shell
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Thus to find out the current shell, you should use either $$ or $0, but not $SHELL.
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### Find out the Version of the Shell You are Using ###
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Once you know which shell you are in, you may want to find out what version of the shell it is. For that, type the name of your shell followed by "--version" at the command line. For example:
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**For** bash **shell**:
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$ bash --version
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----------
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GNU bash, version 4.3.30(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
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Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
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This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it.
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There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
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**For** zsh **shell**:
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$ zsh --version
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----------
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zsh 5.0.7 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
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**For** tcsh **shell**:
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$ tcsh --version
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tcsh 6.18.01 (Astron) 2012-02-14 (x86_64-unknown-linux) options wide,nls,dl,al,kan,rh,nd,color,filec
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For some shells, you can also use shell-specific variables (e.g., $BASH_VERSION or $ZSH_VERSION).
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$ echo $BASH_VERSION
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4.3.8(1)-release
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/which-shell-am-i-using.html
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作者：[Dan Nanni][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/author/nanni
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[1]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/process-id-pid-shell-script.html
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@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
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translation by strugglingyouth
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Linux FAQs with Answers--How to install Ubuntu desktop behind a proxy
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================================================================================
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> **Question**: My computer is connected to a corporate network sitting behind an HTTP proxy. When I try to install Ubuntu desktop on the computer from a CD-ROM drive, the installation hangs and never finishes while trying to retrieve files, which is presumably due to the proxy. However, the problem is that Ubuntu installer never asks me to configure proxy during installation procedure. Then how can I install Ubuntu desktop behind a proxy?
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@ -58,4 +59,4 @@ via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/install-ubuntu-desktop-behind-proxy.html
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/author/nanni
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[a]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/author/nanni
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Linux 有问必答 - 如何在 Linux 上找到当前正在使用的 shell
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================================================================================
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> **问题**: 我经常在命令行中切换 shell。是否有一个快速简便的方法来找出我当前正在使用的 shell 呢？此外，我怎么能找到当前 shell 的版本？
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### 找到你当前正在使用的 Shell 版本 ###
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有多种方式可以查看你目前在使用什么 shell，最简单的方法就是通过使用 shell 的特殊参数。
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其一，[一个名为 "$$" 的特殊参数][1] 表示当前你正在运行的 shell 的 PID。此参数是只读的，不能被修改。所以，下面的命令也将显示你正在运行的 shell 的名字：
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$ ps -p $$
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PID TTY TIME CMD
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21666 pts/4 00:00:00 bash
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上述命令可在所有可用的 shell 中工作。
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如果你不使用 csh，使用 shell 的特殊参数 “$$” 可以找出当前的 shell，这表示当前正在运行的 shell 或 shell 脚本的名称。这是 Bash 的一个特殊参数，但也可用在其他 shells 中，如 sh, zsh, tcsh or dash。使用 echo 命令也可以查看你目前正在使用的 shell 的名称。
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$ echo $0
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bash
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不要将 $SHELL 看成是一个单独的环境变量，它被设置为整个路径下的默认 shell。因此，这个变量并不一定指向你当前使用的 shell。例如，即使你在终端中调用不同的 shell，$SHELL 也保持不变。
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$ echo $SHELL
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/bin/shell
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因此，找出当前的shell，你应该使用 $$ 或 $0，但不是 $ SHELL。
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### 找出当前 Shell 的版本 ###
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一旦你知道你使用的是哪个 shell，你可能想知道此 shell 的版本。为此，在命令行中输入 shell 并在后面加上 “--version” 参数可以查看版本信息。例如：
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**对于** bash **shell** :
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$ bash --version
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----------
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GNU bash, version 4.3.30(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
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Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
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This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it.
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There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
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**对于** zsh **shell**:
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$ zsh --version
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zsh 5.0.7 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
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**对于** tcsh **shell**:
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$ tcsh --version
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----------
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tcsh 6.18.01 (Astron) 2012-02-14 (x86_64-unknown-linux) options wide,nls,dl,al,kan,rh,nd,color,filec
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对于一些 shells，你还可以使用 shell 特定的变量（例如，$ BASH_VERSION 或 $ ZSH_VERSION）。
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$ echo $BASH_VERSION
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----------
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4.3.8(1)-release
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/which-shell-am-i-using.html
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作者：[Dan Nanni][a]
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译者：[strugglingyouth](https://github.com/strugglingyouth)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/author/nanni
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[1]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/process-id-pid-shell-script.html
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