mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2024-12-26 21:30:55 +08:00
六开箱
GitHub
commit
f79fa963be
@ -1,163 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "How to Install FFmpeg in Ubuntu and Other Linux"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/06/install-ffmpeg-ubuntu/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: "aREversez"
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
How to Install FFmpeg in Ubuntu and Other Linux
|
||||
======
|
||||
This tutorial outlines the steps required to install FFmpeg in Ubuntu and Other Linux systems.
|
||||
|
||||
The ffmpeg is a collection library and software program to manipulate multimedia files. The entire ffmpeg is a robust set of libraries that allows you to convert, stream, and manipulate audio and video files. Many frontend Linux applications use it as backend hence depends on it. For example, a screen recording application may need ffmpeg to convert recorded streams to gif images.
|
||||
|
||||
Popular applications and services that use FFmpeg are VLC Media Player, YouTube, Blender, Kodi, Shotcut, and Handbrake – to name a few.
|
||||
|
||||
Fun fact: NASA’s Mars 2020 mission rover Perseverance used FFmpeg to complete and process images and video before beaming back to Earth!
|
||||
|
||||
### About ffmpeg package
|
||||
|
||||
The [ffmpeg][1] itself is a powerful program as a command-line utility. It is available for Linux, Windows, and macOS and supports many architectures. It is written in C and Assembly, providing extensive performance and a cross-platform utility.
|
||||
|
||||
#### The Core
|
||||
|
||||
The core of ffmpeg is the command-line utility or programs. They can be used on the command line or called from any programming language. For example, you can use these from your shell program, python script, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
* ffmpeg: Used to convert audio and video streams, including sources from LIVE streams such as TV cards
|
||||
* ffplay: Media player bundled in this package to play media
|
||||
* ffprobe: Command line tool to show media information – can output as txtm csv, xml, json formats
|
||||
|
||||
### FFmpeg Installation
|
||||
|
||||
Installing FFmpeg is easy in Ubuntu and other Linux distributions. Open a terminal prompt and run the following commands to install.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Ubuntu and similar distro
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt install ffmpeg
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Fedora
|
||||
|
||||
For Fedora Linux, you need to add the [RPM Fusion repo][2] for FFmpeg. The official Fedora repo doesn’t have the FFmpeg package.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install ffmpeg
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Arch Linux
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
pacman -S ffmpeg
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
After the successful installation, you can verify the installation using the below command.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ffmpeg --version
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![FFmpeg installed in Ubuntu Linux][3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Example: How to do basic tasks using ffmpeg
|
||||
|
||||
First, let me give you a simple example of the basic syntax. Consider the following example. It simply converts an mp4 file to mkv file.
|
||||
|
||||
1. Convert a basic video file
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ffmpeg -i big_buck_bunny.mp4 big_buck_bunny.mkv
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Of course, this is the easiest method, but it’s not complete because it doesn’t have the bit rate, resolution and other attributes of the video file required for the conversion.
|
||||
|
||||
1. Convert an audio file
|
||||
|
||||
Secondly, you can convert an audio file using a similar command.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ffmpeg -i sunny_day.ogg sunny_day.mp3
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
1. Convert with an audio and video codec
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, the following example can convert a video file using specified codecs. The parameter `-c` with `a` or `v` defines audio and video, respectively. The below command uses `libvpx` video and `libvorbis` audio codec for conversion.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ffmpeg -i big_buck_bunny.mp4 -c:v libvpx -c:a libvorbis big_buck_bunny.webm
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### How to find out about the available codecs, encoders and decoders in your system?
|
||||
|
||||
#### List all codecs
|
||||
|
||||
To list all the codecs available, run the below command.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ffmpeg -codecs
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This command lists all the codecs available with their capability, whether they support decoding or encoding, etc. Moreover, they are identified with the position as per the below table.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
D..... = Decoding supported.E.... = Encoding supported..V... = Video codec..A... = Audio codec..S... = Subtitle codec...I.. = Intra frame-only codec....L. = Lossy compression.....S = Lossless compression
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![FFmpeg Codec list][4]
|
||||
|
||||
#### List all encoders
|
||||
|
||||
Listing all the encoders is accessible via the below command.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ffmpeg -encoders
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### List all decoders
|
||||
|
||||
Similarly, the decoders list you can get via the below command.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ffmpeg -decoders
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Details
|
||||
|
||||
You can also get more details about the encoders or decoders using the parameter -h.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ffmpeg -h decoder=mp3
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Summary
|
||||
|
||||
I hope you learned the basics of FFmpeg and its commands. You can learn more about the program via the official [documentation][5].
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/06/install-ffmpeg-ubuntu/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arindam][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[aREversez](https://github.com/aREversez)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://ffmpeg.org/
|
||||
[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2020/07/enable-rpm-fusion-fedora-rhel-centos/
|
||||
[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/FFmpeg-installed-in-Ubuntu-Linux.jpg
|
||||
[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/FFmpeg-Codec-list.jpg
|
||||
[5]: https://ffmpeg.org/documentation.html
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "How to Install FFmpeg in Ubuntu and Other Linux"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/06/install-FFmpeg-ubuntu/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
在 Ubuntu 等 Linux 发行版上安装 FFmpeg
|
||||
======
|
||||
本教程介绍了 FFmpeg 在 Ubuntu 及其他 Linux 发行版上的安装步骤。
|
||||
|
||||
FFmpeg 是一套处理多媒体文件的软件库。凭借这些强大的库，FFmpeg 能够转换格式、推流以及处理音频和视频文件。许多 Linux 的前端应用都使用 FFmpeg 作为后端支持，所以这些应用对 FFmpeg 的依赖度非常高。举个例子，录屏软件可能会用到 FFmpeg 将录屏转换为 gif 动图。
|
||||
|
||||
VLC 多媒体播放器、YouTube、Blender、Kodi、Shotcut 和 Handbrake 等流行的应用与服务都在使用 FFmpeg。
|
||||
|
||||
趣事：NASA 火星 2020 计划的探测器“毅力”号在将图像和视频发送到地球之前，会先使用 FFmpeg 对其进行处理。
|
||||
|
||||
### 关于 FFmpeg
|
||||
|
||||
[FFmpeg][1] 本身是一款非常强大的命令行实用程序，在 Linux 发行版、Windows 以及 macOS 等系统上均可运行，支持多种架构。FFmpeg 是用 C 语言和汇编语言编写的，性能强大，提供跨平台支持。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 核心
|
||||
|
||||
FFmpeg 的核心是命令行实用程序，既可在命令行上使用，也可以经由任何程序语言调用。比如，你可以在 Shell 程序或 python 脚本中使用 FFmpeg。
|
||||
|
||||
* FFmpeg: 用于转换音视频格式，包括视频直播资源。
|
||||
* ffplay: FFmpeg 配套使用的媒体播放器
|
||||
* ffprobe: 显示媒体文件信息的命令行工具，可将信息输出为 csv、xml、json 等格式。
|
||||
|
||||
### FFmpeg 安装
|
||||
|
||||
在 Ubuntu 等 Linux 发行版上， FFmpeg 的安装比较简单。打开终端，运行以下命令安装即可。
|
||||
|
||||
#### Ubuntu 及与其相似的发行版
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt install FFmpeg
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Fedora
|
||||
|
||||
在 Fedora Linux 上安装 FFmpeg，你需要添加 [RPM Fusion 仓库][2]，因为 Fedora 官方仓库没有 FFmpeg 软件包。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install FFmpeg
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Arch Linux
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
pacman -S FFmpeg
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
安装完成后，可输入以下命令查看安装是否成功。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
FFmpeg --version
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![FFmpeg installed in Ubuntu Linux][3]
|
||||
|
||||
### 案例：FFmpeg 的基本操作
|
||||
|
||||
首先，我们先来看看 FFmpeg 语法的一个简单例子。如下，该语法可以将 mp4 文件转换为 mkv 文件。
|
||||
|
||||
1. 视频文件格式转换
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
FFmpeg -i big_buck_bunny.mp4 big_buck_bunny.mkv
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
当然，这种写法最为简单易懂，但它并不完整，因为没有输入 <ruby>比特率<rt>bit rate</rt></ruby>、<ruby>分辨率<rt>resolution</rt></ruby> 以及其他的视频文件属性。
|
||||
|
||||
2. 音频文件格式转换
|
||||
|
||||
第二，输入与上面相似的命令可以转换音频文件的格式。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
FFmpeg -i sunny_day.ogg sunny_day.mp3
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
3. 使用音视频 codec 执行格式转换
|
||||
|
||||
最后，在下面的例子中，我们可以使用特定的 <ruby>编解码器<rt>codec</rt></ruby> 来转换视频格式。参数 `-c` 搭配 `a` 或者 `v`，可以分别定义音频和视频文件。以下转换命令使用 `libvpx` 视频编解码器和 `libvorbis` 音频编解码器。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
FFmpeg -i big_buck_bunny.mp4 -c:v libvpx -c:a libvorbis big_buck_bunny.webm
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 如何确定自己系统中有哪些编码器和解码器？
|
||||
|
||||
#### 显示所有编解码器
|
||||
|
||||
输入以下命令，打印所有编解码器。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
FFmpeg -codecs
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
该命令可以打印出所有可用的编解码器，并显示每个编解码器对应的功能信息，比如是否支持解码或编码。此外，如以下输出结果所示，打印出来的信息还会按照首字母顺序标注出每个编码器和解码器的位置。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
D..... = Decoding supported.E.... = Encoding supported..V... = Video codec..A... = Audio codec..S... = Subtitle codec...I.. = Intra frame-only codec....L. = Lossy compression.....S = Lossless compression
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![FFmpeg Codec list][4]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 显示所有编码器
|
||||
|
||||
输入下列命令，打印出所有编码器
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
FFmpeg -encoders
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 显示所有解码器
|
||||
|
||||
同样，输入下列命令，打印出所有解码器。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
FFmpeg -decoders
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 更多信息
|
||||
|
||||
输入参数 `-h`，获取更多关于编码器或解码器的信息。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
FFmpeg -h decoder=mp3
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结
|
||||
|
||||
我希望这篇文章可以帮助你了解 FFmpeg 的基本知识及基本命令。若要了解更多信息，可前往 FFmpeg 官方网站，浏览 [<ruby>帮助文章<rt>Documentation</rt></ruby>][5]。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/06/install-FFmpeg-ubuntu/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arindam][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://FFmpeg.org/
|
||||
[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2020/07/enable-rpm-fusion-fedora-rhel-centos/
|
||||
[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/FFmpeg-installed-in-Ubuntu-Linux.jpg
|
||||
[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/FFmpeg-Codec-list.jpg
|
||||
[5]: https://FFmpeg.org/documentation.html
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user