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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: ( )
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Released. Download Now!)
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/download-ubuntu-20-04/)
[#]: author: (Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/)
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Released. Download Now!
======
_**Brief: Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Focal Fossa has been finally released. Here is a quick recap of the new features and the download links for Ubuntu 20.04** **and the official flavours for it**._
The wait is finally over. Ubuntu 20.04 LTS has finally arrived and is available to download!
![][1]
If you were already using Ubuntu 19.10, you may not notice a lot of noticeable differences – but the list of improvements that I’m looking at is indeed impressive.
If you’re curious about what’s new, I’ll mention a few key highlights for this release.
### Ubuntu 20.04: What’s new?
Considering the previous 18.04 LTS release, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS involves a lot of visual changes and under-the-hood improvements as well.
Of course, with the addition of [GNOME 3.36][2], a major visual upgrade and the performance improvement is quite obvious. Here’s a video highlighting what’s new in Ubuntu 20.04:
You can also dive into one of our articles highlighting [new features of Ubuntu 20.04][3], if you’re curious.
In either case, let me just give you some highlights:
* GNOME 3.36 is the default desktop
* The performance has improved a lot
* The new Yaru theme is gorgeous, comes in dark mode as well
* You won’t have to see the Amazon app anymore, it’s gone for good!
* Improved [ZFS][4] support
* You get the latest [Linux Kernel 5.4][5] (LTS)
* Adds exFAT support
* Improved hardware and graphics support
* Updated software Python 3.8.2
* Wireguard is being backported to Linux Kernel 5.4 to be utilized on Ubuntu 20.04
If you want to see the features in detail and in action, please watch this video highlighting the best features of 20.04 LTS:
[Subscribe to our YouTube channel for more Linux videos][6]
In case you’re new to Ubuntu and have questions about Ubuntu 20.04, we also have a quick [Ubuntu 20.04 FAQ][7] article for you.
### Upgrade to Ubuntu 20.04 from 18.04 and 19.10
If you are already using Ubuntu 18.04 or 19.10, you can easily upgrade to Ubuntu 20.04 from within your system.
This way, your files and most of the applications settings remain as it is while you start using the new version without reinstalling it from the ISO.
You can read this detailed tutorial to learn [how to upgrade Ubuntu to a newer version][8].
Please note that if you are using Lubuntu 18.04, you must not upgrade to Lubuntu 20.04. Lubuntu 18.04 used Lxde desktop while later versions use LXQt desktop. Upgrading this way result in conflicts and possible broken system.
### Download Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
You can grab the ISO or the torrent file, depending on what you prefer:
[Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (ISO)][9]
[Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Torrent)][10]
Please follow this tutorial to learn [how to install Ubuntu][11].
### Download Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Official Flavours
If you want to grab an official flavour of Ubuntu with a different desktop environment, please follow the links below.
[Ubuntu MATE 20.04 LTS][12]
[Kubuntu 20.04 LTS][13]
[Xubuntu 20.04 LTS][14]
[Ubuntu Budgie 20.04 LTS][15]
[Ubuntu Studio 20.04 LTS][16]
[Lubuntu 20.04 LTS][17]
If you don’t find the latest ISO/torrent file listed in their respective official sites, simply head to [cdimages.ubuntu.com][18] to find all the flavours listed.
Next, navigate to the **name-of-the-distro** -> **releases** -> **20.04** -> **release** and then you should find the links to the ISO and the torrent files listed.
If you have questions, please refer to this article that answers [frequently asked questions about Ubuntu 20.04][7]. If you are going to install it, do check our recommended [things to do after installing Ubuntu 20.04][19].
Enjoy Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Focal Fossa!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/download-ubuntu-20-04/
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Ubuntu-20.04-LTS-released.png?ssl=1
[2]: https://itsfoss.com/gnome-3-36-release/
[3]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-20-04-release-features/
[4]: https://itsfoss.com/what-is-zfs/
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/linux-kernel-5-4/
[6]: https://www.youtube.com/c/itsfoss?sub_confirmation=1
[7]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-20-04-faq/
[8]: https://itsfoss.com/upgrade-ubuntu-version/
[9]: http://releases.ubuntu.com/focal/ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso
[10]: http://releases.ubuntu.com/focal/ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso.torrent
[11]: https://itsfoss.com/install-ubuntu/
[12]: https://ubuntu-mate.org/download/amd64/focal/
[13]: https://kubuntu.org/getkubuntu/
[14]: https://xubuntu.org/download/
[15]: https://ubuntubudgie.org/downloads/
[16]: https://ubuntustudio.org/
[17]: https://lubuntu.me/downloads/
[18]: http://cdimages.ubuntu.com/
[19]: https://itsfoss.com/things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-20-04/

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: ( )
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Getting to know our new, virtual world)
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/4/virtual-community-management)
[#]: author: (Patricia Dugan https://opensource.com/users/patricia-dugan)
Getting to know our new, virtual world
======
Our current forced physical separation could generate innovations that
actually bring our communities closer together.
![Women in computing and open source v5][1]
Witnessing the ongoing global impact of COVID-19 is a profoundly affecting experience that continues to humble us all in ways we couldn't have anticipated. Technology organizations are quickly evolving within this new reality, in which all of our human interactions are virtual until further notice.
### Virtual open source community management
When it comes to nurturing cultures designed to promote and reward open source innovation—as well as communities' economic, technological, and physical wellbeing—I can best speak to those I help build and manage. I believe communities should be built by weaving a tapestry of demographics and ranges of expertise. They should do this in a way that facilitates rich communication and empowers those building open source software to share knowledge with each other.
The move to virtual connection and digitalized events only makes these methods more crucial.
I'll share an example. Recently, I was speaking with a pillar of the Traefik open source community, known as a [Traefik Ambassador][2], based in Turkey, over video conference about a potential webinar. He suggested that, instead, we expand the speaker set to include other community members. Soon, we'd invited other contributors from Poland and Switzerland. We met online, and out of that conversation, the webinar has evolved into a collaborative series with community members taking turns presenting insights and melding different types of software together. What struck me was that if we'd had this conversation just one month ago, it would have simply focused on the creation of an asset. Now, contributors are bonding over a purpose-driven creation, with greater intention around facilitating innovation and excitement.
Based on my experience building and growing open source communities, I believe that this new era of virtual connection offers an unprecedented opportunity for innovation and growth—as long as it is managed with equal focus on the people creating it. Below are five observations on how the world of open source can positively shape the future of innovation in a virtual and seemingly uncertain world.
### The virtual world is flat.
Open source communities, teams, and backing companies provide an exceptional model of how to accelerate innovation. That's especially true in these extraordinary times. At its core, open source democratizes the development process, something we see replicated more widely in our new virtual ecosystems. As the opportunity for input becomes more inclusive, organizations are seeing a flattening in infrastructure, both in communications and in operations. Existing hierarchical power structures are weakening as more voices are heard, and the best ideas are given the chance to rise to the top through greater exposure.
As social distancing makes backchannel and handshake agreements much more complicated to execute, I predict that the traditional dance required to access and take positions in leadership will be replaced by flatter, more open methods that ultimately produce fresher—and better—perspectives. Online communication has a way of laying bare the real substance of interactions and ideas, bolstering meritocracy that's central to the strength of open source.
### The virtual world is fast.
This "flattening" structural shift has the potential to increase the pace and quality of innovation, as virtual events and communications widen the spotlight to now shine a light on previously unseen contributors. Creative minds among engineers, developers, and others outside of traditional leadership positions will leverage their comfort with the web and virtual channels to find each other and collaborate faster. This is nothing new for those in open source, and I expect organizations still clinging to legacy approaches will find themselves investing in learning how to implement flatter, virtual communications structures, and beginning to build them into traditional operational models. This means doubling down on efficiency and being willing to let go of the ["it's always been done this way"][3] mentality.
### The virtual world needs community.
Developers can conserve energy attending virtual events: there's no commute, nor other distractions from the work at hand. Working remotely and connecting only via virtual mediums enables open source contributors to create, share, and use code just about as fast as their brains allow, empowering rapid code contributions, collaborations, and new solutions produced with velocity.
While this shift may result in productivity gains, organizations must be careful of creating the impression that a team member's most important asset is their brain. When open source developers were asked what the best part of their job was, [62% claimed it was their "personal passion."][4] Recognizing individuals as unique contributors to open source communities is necessary and essential to development—both technical and human. During this period, when we're hitting the pause button on in-person interaction, remote interactions via chats, video conferences, and phone calls will enable the human moments necessary for growth and connection. Those in open source rely on the power of community, and this extraordinary time will require the continuous and earnest commitment to it.
### The virtual world is composed of individuals.
The potential for greater innovation and meritocracy through virtual-only channels will only be realized if communities, organizations, and individuals also pursue and achieve wellness. It's crucial for the interpersonal bonds that maintain our energy and psychological health—traditionally forged through real-life, face-to-face contact—to continue to exist as part of the way we now work. If that disappears, there's the risk that our industry and communities become purely transactional, lacking the joy and drive that carries work forward, much less great work and innovation. Developers are especially rooted in a sense of purpose, with [only 3% reporting that money and perks were the best part of their job.][4]
Overall wellness and support to prevent burnout should already have been central considerations for modern organizations, but they are even more important now. Virtual connectivity may set us up to work fast, but that can backfire if we're not also set up to be well.
### The virtual world needs kindness.
I also predict that virtual-only communication will close the distance between our online avatars and ourselves as real people. The impact of "toxic" individuals, hidden behind a computer, with little to no consequence for being a "bad actor," will be reduced and less acceptable. A growing presence of new voices will set the tone, adhering to well thought out codes of conduct, making poor behavior explicitly unwelcome. As much of our connection moves online, the norms that guide our offline behavior will become increasingly important. We'll transition to a less individualistic paradigm, and open source's long history of considering what defines good citizenship will offer insight to those looking to integrate a sense of shared responsibility into organizations.
I feel extremely grateful to be in technology, particularly in the open source world, given it's an industry built upon the promise of innovation. At least for the moment, we as an industry can serve as a lighthouse for connection in difficult times, and as a model for collaboration and intention for those not as familiar with how to be highly productive in a virtual world. For the open source community and beyond, there is a great opportunity to lean into creating as much beneficial virtual culture as we can. Through this experience, we'll all learn new ways of interacting, which will serve us well in the future.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/20/4/virtual-community-management
作者：[Patricia Dugan][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/patricia-dugan
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/OSDC_women_computing_5.png?itok=YHpNs_ss (Women in computing and open source v5)
[2]: https://info.containo.us/traefik-ambassador-program
[3]: https://goleansixsigma.com/the-most-dangerous-phrase/
[4]: https://www.linuxfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/osjobsreport_2018.pdf

97
sources/tech/20200421 MystiQ- A Free and Open Source Audio-Video Converter.md
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (MystiQ: A Free and Open Source Audio/Video Converter)
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/mystiq/)
[#]: author: (Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/)
MystiQ: A Free and Open Source Audio/Video Converter
======
_**Brief: MystiQ is a new open-source video converter tool available for Linux and Windows. It uses FFMPEG underneath and provides you a neat and clean graphical interface based on Qt.**_
### MystiQ, a QT-based GUI Frontend for FFmpeg
![][1]
An audio/video conversion tool always comes in handy for every computer user across multiple platforms.
For that very same reason, I thought it would be a great idea to highlight the [MystiQ app][2] – which is a relatively new video/audio converter tool available for Linux and Windows users. As of now, there’s no support for macOS – but it could arrive in the near future.
MystiQ is a graphical frontend for [FFmpeg][3] based on [Qt 5 user interface][4]. Now, you can always [install and use ffmpeg in Linux command line][5] but that’s not very comfortable, is it? This is why tools like [Handbrake][6] and MystiQ exist to make our life easier.
Since MystiQ is based on FFmpeg, you can use it for some basic video editing like trimming a video, rotating it etc.
Let’s have a look at its features.
### Features of MystiQ video converter
![][7]
Even though the MystiQ app is fairly new to the scene – it packs a good set of essential features. Here’s an overview of what it offers:
* Video conversion
* Audio conversion (extracting the audio from the video as well)
* Formats supported: MP4, WEBM, MKV, MP3, MOV, OGG, WAV, ASF, FLV, 3GP, M4A, and a few others.
* Cross-platform (Windows & Linux)
* Packages for both 32-bit and 64-bit systems available
* Ability to tweak the audio quality (sample rate, bit rate, etc,.) for conversion
* **Basic video editing capabilities** (clipping the video, inserting a subtitle, rotating the video, scaling the video, etc)
* Convert your color video to black and white
* Several presets available to easily convert a video for the best quality or for the best compression.
**Recommended Read:**
![][8]
#### [Easily Convert Audio File Formats with SoundConverter in Linux][9]
If you are looking for converting audio file formats to wav, mp3, ogg or any other format, SoundConverter is the tool you need in Linux.
### Installing MystiQ
You may not find it listed in your software center – but it is quite easy to get it installed on a Linux distro.
It provides an **.AppImage file** and **.deb/.rpm** files (with 32-bit and 64-bit packages). If you’re curious, you can read [how to use the AppImage file][10] if you want to use that.
You can also find their [GitHub page][11] and look at the source code or any recent pre-release packages if you want to help them test the software to improve it.
You can download the installer files for both Linux and Windows from its official website.
[Download MystiQ][2]
**Wrapping Up**
For this quick highlight article, I used [Pop!_OS][12] 20.04 to test the MytiQ converter app and I had no issues converting video and audio files. And, the conversion was fast enough for an average user like me.
Feel free to try it out and let me know your thoughts on it! Also, if you’ve been using another tool to convert videos and audio on Linux, what is it?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/mystiq/
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/mystiq-converter-ft.jpg?ssl=1
[2]: https://mystiqapp.com/
[3]: https://www.ffmpeg.org/
[4]: https://www.qt.io/
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/ffmpeg/
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/handbrake/
[7]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/mystiq-options.jpg?ssl=1
[8]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Convert-audio-file-format-linux.png?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1
[9]: https://itsfoss.com/sound-converter-linux/
[10]: https://itsfoss.com/use-appimage-linux/
[11]: https://github.com/swl-x/MystiQ/
[12]: https://system76.com/pop

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: ( )
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: ( )
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (4 open source chat applications you should use right now)
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/4/open-source-chat)
[#]: author: (Sudeshna Sur https://opensource.com/users/sudeshna-sur)
4 open source chat applications you should use right now
======
Collaborating remotely is an essential capability now, making open
source real-time chat an essential piece of your toolbox.
![Chat bubbles][1]
The first thing we usually do after waking up in the morning is to check our cellphone to see if there are important messages from our colleagues and friends. Whether or not it's a good idea, this behavior has become part of our daily lifestyle.
> _"Man is a rational animal. He can think up a reason for anything he wants to believe."_
> _– Anatole France_
No matter the soundness of the reason, we all have a suite of communication tools—email, phone calls, web-conferencing tools, or social networking—we use on a daily basis. Even before COVID-19, working from home already made these communication tools an essential part of our world. And as the pandemic has made working from home the new normal, we're facing unprecedented changes to how we communicate, which makes these tools not merely essential but now required.
### Why chat?
When working remotely as a part of a globally distributed team, we must have a collaborative environment. Chat applications play a vital role in helping us stay connected. In contrast to email, chat applications provide fast, real-time communications with colleagues around the globe.
There are a lot of factors involved in choosing a chat application. To help you pick the right one for you, in this article, I'll explore four open source chat applications and one open source video-communication tool (for when you need to be "face-to-face" with your colleagues), then outline some of the features you should look for in an effective communication application.
### 4 open source chat apps
#### Rocket.Chat
![Rocket.Chat][2]
[Rocket.Chat][3] is a comprehensive communication platform that classifies channels as public (open to anyone who joins) or private (invitation-only) rooms. You can also send direct messages to people who are logged in; share documents, links, photos, videos, and GIFs; make video calls; and send audio messages without leaving the platform.
Rocket.Chat is free and open source, but what makes it unique is its self-hosted chat system. You can download it onto your server, whether it's an on-premises server or a virtual private server on a public cloud.
Rocket.Chat is completely free, and its [source code][4] is available on GitHub. Many open source projects use Rocket.Chat as their official communication platform. It is constantly evolving with new features and improvements.
The things I like the most about Rocket.Chat are its ability to be customized according to user requirements and that it uses machine learning to do automatic, real-time message translation between users. You can also download Rocket.Chat for your mobile device and use it on the go.
#### IRC
![IRC on WeeChat 0.3.5][5]
[Internet Relay Chat (IRC)][6] is a real-time, text-based form of communication. Although it's one of the oldest forms of electronic communication, it remains popular among many well-known software projects.
IRC channels are discrete chat rooms. It allows you to have conversations with multiple people in an open channel or chat with someone privately one-on-one. If a channel name starts with a #, you can assume it to be official, whereas chat rooms that begin with ## are unofficial and usually casual.
[Getting started with IRC][7] is easy. Your IRC handle or nickname is what allows people to find you, so it must be unique. But your choice of IRC client is completely your decision. If you want a more feature-rich application than a standard IRC client, you can connect to IRC with [Riot.im][8].
Given its age, why should you still be on IRC? For one reason, it remains the home for many of the free and open source projects we depend on. If you want to participate in open source software and communities, IRC is the option to get started.
#### Zulip
![Zulip][9]
[Zulip][10] is a popular group-chat application that follows the topic-based threading model. In Zulip, you subscribe to streams, just like in IRC channels or Rocket.Chat. But each Zulip stream opens a topic that is unique, which helps you track conversations later, thus making it more organized.
Like other platforms, it supports emojis, inline images, video, and tweet previews. It also supports LaTeX for sharing math formulas or equations and Markdown and syntax highlighting for sharing code.
Zulip is cross-platform and offers APIs for building your own integrations. Something I especially like about Zulip is its integration feature with GitHub: if I'm working on an issue, I can use Zulip's marker to link back to the pull request ID.
Zulip is open source (you can access its [source code][11] on GitHub) and free to use, but it has paid offerings for on-premises support, [LDAP][12] integration, and more storage.
#### Let's Chat
![Let's Chat][13]
[Let's Chat][14] is a self-hosted chat solution for small teams. It runs on Node.js and MongoDB and can be deployed to local servers or hosted services with a few clicks. It's free and open source, with the [source code][15] available on GitHub.
What differentiates Let's Chat from other open source chat tools is its enterprise features: it supports LDAP and [Kerberos][16] authentication. It also has all the features a new user would want: you can search message history in the archives and tag people with mentions like @username.
What I like about Let's Chat is that it has private and password-protected rooms, image embeds, GIPHY support, and code pasting. It is constantly evolving and adding more features to its bucket.
### Bonus: Open source video chat with Jitsi
![Jitsi][17]
Sometimes text chat isn't enough, and you need to talk to someone face-to-face. In times like these, when in-person meetings aren't an option, video chat is the best alternative. [Jitsi][18] is a complete, open source, multi-platform, and WebRTC-compliant videoconferencing tool.
Jitsi began with Jitsi Desktop and has evolved into multiple [projects][19], including Jitsi Meet, Jitsi Videobridge, jibri, and libjitsi, with [source code][20] published for each on GitHub.
Jitsi is secure and scalable and supports advanced video-routing concepts such as simulcast and bandwidth estimation, as well as typical capabilities like audio, recording, screen-sharing, and dial-in features. You can set a password to secure your video-chat room and protect it against intruders, and it also supports live-streaming over YouTube. You can also build your own Jitsi server and host it on-premises or on a virtual private server, such as a Digital Ocean Droplet.
What I like most about Jitsi is that it is free and frictionless; anyone can start a meeting in no time by visiting [meet.jit.si][21], and users are good to go with no need for registration or installation. (However, registration gives you calendar integrations.) This low-barrier-to-entry alternative to popular videoconferencing services is helping Jitsi's popularity spread rapidly.
### Tips for choosing a chat application
The variety of open source chat applications can make it hard to pick one. The following are some general guidelines for choosing a chat app.
* Tools that have an interactive interface and simple navigation are ideal.
* It's better to look for a tool that has great features and allows people to use it in various ways.
* Integrations with tools you use can play an important role in your decision. Some tools have great and seamless integrations with GitHub, GitLab, and certain applications, which is a useful feature.
* It's convenient to use tools that have a pathway to hosting on cloud-based services.
* The security of the chat service should be taken into account. The ability to host services on a private server is necessary for many organizations and individuals.
* It's best to select communication tools that have rich privacy settings and allow for both private and public chat rooms.
Since people are more dependent than ever on online services, it is smart to have a backup communication platform available. For example, if a project is using Rocket.Chat, it should also have the option to hop into IRC, if necessary. Since these services are continuously updating, you may find yourself connected to multiple channels, and this is where integration becomes so valuable.
Of the different open source chat services available, which ones do you like and use? How do these tools help you work remotely? Please share your thoughts in the comments.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/20/4/open-source-chat
作者：[Sudeshna Sur][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/sudeshna-sur
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/talk_chat_communication_team.png?itok=CYfZ_gE7 (Chat bubbles)
[2]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/rocketchat.png (Rocket.Chat)
[3]: https://rocket.chat/
[4]: https://github.com/RocketChat/Rocket.Chat
[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/irc.png (IRC on WeeChat 0.3.5)
[6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Relay_Chat
[7]: https://opensource.com/article/16/6/getting-started-irc
[8]: https://opensource.com/article/17/5/introducing-riot-IRC
[9]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/zulip.png (Zulip)
[10]: https://zulipchat.com/
[11]: https://github.com/zulip/zulip
[12]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol
[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/lets-chat.png (Let's Chat)
[14]: https://sdelements.github.io/lets-chat/
[15]: https://github.com/sdelements/lets-chat
[16]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerberos_(protocol)
[17]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/jitsi_0_0.jpg (Jitsi)
[18]: https://jitsi.org/
[19]: https://jitsi.org/projects/
[20]: https://github.com/jitsi
[21]: http://meet.jit.si

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: ( )
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (16 Things to do After Installing Ubuntu 20.04)
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-20-04/)
[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
16 Things to do After Installing Ubuntu 20.04
======
_**Here is a list of tweaks and things to do after installing Ubuntu 20.04, to get a smoother and better desktop Linux experience.**_
[Ubuntu 20.04 LTS brings plenty of new features][1] and visual changes. If you choose to install Ubuntu 20.04, let me show you a few recommended steps that you can follow to get started with it.
### 16 Things to do after installing Ubuntu 20.04 LTS “Focal Fossa”
![][2]
The steps I am going to mention here are my recommendation. You may ignore a few customization or tweaks if they don’t suit your need and interest.
Similarly, some steps may seem too simple but essential for someone completely new to Ubuntu.
A number of suggestions here are suited for the default Ubuntu 20.04 with GNOME desktop. So please check [which Ubuntu version][3] and [which desktop environment][4] you are using.
Let’s get started with the list of things to do after installing Ubuntu 20.04 LTS codenamed Focal Fossa.
#### 1\. Get your system ready by updating and enabling additional repos
The first thing you should do after installing Ubuntu or any other Linux distribution is to update it. Linux works on a local database of available packages. And this cache needs to be synced in order for you to be able to install any software.
It is very easy to update Ubuntu. You can run the software updater from the menu (press Windows key and search for software updater):
![Software Updater in Ubuntu 20.04][5]
You may also use the following command in the terminal to update your system:
```
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
```
Next, you should make sure that you have [universe and multiverse repositories enabled][6]. You’ll have access to a lot more software with these repositories. I also recommend reading about [Ubuntu repositories][6] to learn the basic concept behind it.
Search for Software & Updates in the menu:
![Software & Updates Settings][7]
Make sure to check the boxes in front of the repositories:
![Enable additional repositories][8]
#### 2\. Install media codecs to play MP3, MPEG4 and other media files
If you want to play media files like MP3, MPEG4, AVI etc, you’ll need to install media codecs. Ubuntu doesn’t install it by default because of copyright issues in various countries.
As an individual, you can install these media codecs easily [using the Ubuntu Restricted Extra package][9]. This will install media codecs, Adobe Flash player and [Microsoft True Type Fonts in your Ubuntu system][10].
You can install it by [clicking this link][11] (it will asked to be open in software center) or use this command:
```
sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras
```
If you encounter the EULA or the license screen, remember to use the tab key to select between the options and then hit enter to confirm your choice.
![Press tab to select OK and press enter][12]
#### 3\. Install software from the software center or the web
Now that you have set up the repositories and updated the package cache, you should start installing software that you need.
There are several ways of [installing applications in Ubuntu][13]. The easiest and the official way is to use the Software Center.
![Ubuntu Software Center][14]
If you want some recommendation about software, please refer to this extensive [list of Ubuntu applications for different purposes][15].
Some software vendors provide .deb files to easily install their application. You may get the deb files from their website. For example, to [install Google Chrome on Ubuntu][16], you can get the deb file from its website and double click on it to start the installation.
#### 4\. Enjoy gaming with Steam Proton and GameMode
[Gaming on Linux][17] has come a long way. You are not restricted to a handful of games included by default. You can [install Steam on Ubuntu][18] and enjoy a good number of games.
[Steam’s new P][19][r][19][oton project][19] enables you to play a number of Windows-only games on Linux. In addition to that, Ubuntu 20.04 comes with [Feral Interactive’s GameMode][20] installed by default.
The GameMode automatically adjust Linux system performance to give more priority to games than other background processes.
This means some games that support the GameMode (like [Rise of Tomb Raiders][21]) should have improved performance on Ubuntu.
#### 5\. Manage auto-updates (for intermediate and experts)
Recently, Ubuntu has started to automatically download and install security updates that are essential to your system. This is a security feature as a regular user, you should leave it as it is,
But if you like to do everything on your own and this auto-update is frequently leading you to [“Unable to lock the administration directory” error][22], maybe you can change the auto updates behavior.
You can opt for the Show immediately so that it notifies you of security updates as soon as they are available instead of automatically installing.
![Control the auto updates settings][23]
#### 6\. Control automatic suspend and screenlock for laptops
If you are using Ubuntu 20.04 on a laptop then you may want to pay attention to a few power and screenlock settings.
If your laptop is on battery mode, Ubuntu will suspend the system after 20 minutes of inactivity. This is done to save battery power. Personally, I don’t like it and thus I disable it.
Similarly, if you leave your system for a few minutes, it automatically locks the screen. I don’t like this behavior as well so I prefer disabling it.
![Power Settings in Ubuntu 20.04][24]
#### 7\. Enjoy dark mode
One of the [most talked about features of Ubuntu 20.04][25] is the dark mode. You can enable the dark mode by going into Settings and selecting it under Appearance section.
![Enable Dark Theme Ubuntu][26]
You may have to do some [additional tweaking to get full dark mode in Ubuntu 20.04][27].
#### 8\. Control desktop icons and launcher
If you want a minimal looking desktop, you can disable the icons on the desktop. You can also disable the launcher from the left side and the appindicators in the top panel.
All this can be controlled via the new GNOME Extensions that is already available by default.
![][28]
By the way, you can also change the position of the launcher to the bottom or to the right by going to the Settings->Appearance.
#### 9\. Use emojis (smileys) and special characters or disable it from the search
Ubuntu provides an easy way to use smiley or the emoticons. There is a dedicated application called Characters installed by default. It basically gives you [Unicode][29] of the emojis.
Not only emojis, you can use it to get the unicode for French, German, Russian and Latin characters. Clicking on the symbol gives you the opportunity to copy the unicode and when you paste this code, your chosen symbol should be typed.
![Emoji Ubuntu][30]
You’ll find these special characters and emoticons appearing in the desktop search as well. You can copy them from the search results as well.
![Emojis appear in desktop search][31]
If you don’t want to see them in search results, you should disable their access to the search feature. The next section discuss how to do that.
#### 10\. Master the desktop search
The GNOME desktop has a powerful search feature. Most people use it for searching installed applications but it is more than just that.
Press the super key (Windows key) and search for something. It will show any applications that matches that search term, followed by system settings and matching applications available in the software center.
![Desktop search][32]
Not only that, the search can also find text inside files. If you are using the calendar, it can also find your meetings and reminders. You can even do quick calculations in the search and copy its result.
![Quick Calculations Ubuntu Search][33]
You can control what can be searched and in which order by going into Settings.
![][34]
#### 11\. Use nightlight feature to reduce eye strain at night
If you use your computer or smartphone at night, you should use the night light feature to reduce eye strain. I feel that it helps a lot.
The night light feature adds a yellow tint to the screen which is less pinching than the white light.
You can enable night light in the Settings -> Displays and switching to Night Light tab. You can set the ‘yellowness’ as per your liking.
![Nightlight feature][35]
#### 12\. Got a 2K/4K screen? Use fractional scaling to get bigger icons and fonts
If you feel that the icons, fonts, folders everything looks too small on your HiDPI screen, you can take advantage of the fractional scaling.
Enabling fractional scaling gives you more options to increase the size between 100% to 200%. You can choose the scaling size that suits your preference.
![Enable fractional scaling from Settings -> Displays][36]
#### 13\. Explore GNOME Extensions to extend the usability of GNOME desktop
The GNOME desktop has tiny plugins or add-ons called Extensions. You should [learn to use GNOME extensions][37] to extend the usability of your system.
As you can see in the image below, the weather extension shows the weather information in the top panel. A tiny but useful thing. You may also take a look at some of [best GNOME extensions][38] here. Don’t install all of them, use only those that are useful to you.
![Weather Extension][39]
#### 14\. Enable ‘do not disturb’ mode and focus on work
If you want to concentrate on work, disabling desktop notifications would come handy. You can easily enable ‘do not disturb’ mode and mute all notifications.
![Enable ‘Do Not Disturb’ to get rid of desktop notifications][40]
These notifications will still be in the message tray so that you can read them later but they won’t pop up on the desktop anymore.
#### 15\. Clean your system
This is something you don’t need to do right after installing Ubuntu. But keeping it in mind will help you.
Over the time, your system will have significant amount of packages that won’t be needed anymore. You can remove them all in one go with this command:
```
sudo apt autoremove
```
There are other [ways to clean Ubuntu to free disk space][41] but this is the easiest and safest.
#### 16\. Tweak and customize the GNOME desktop to your liking
I highly recommend [installing GNOME Tweaks tool][42]. This will give you access to a few additional settings to tweak.
![Gnome Tweaks Tool][43]
For example, you can [display battery percentage][44], [fix right click in touchpad issue][45], change shell theme, change mouse pointer speed, display date and week numbers, change application window behavior etc.
There is no end to customization and I cannot probably most of them here. This is why I recommend [reading these articles][42] about [customizing GNOME desktop][46].
You can also [install new themes in Ubuntu][47] though personally, I like the default theme in this release. This is the first time that I have stuck with the default icons and theme in an Ubuntu release.
#### What do you do after installing Ubuntu?
If you are an Ubuntu beginner, I recommend [going through this collection of Ubuntu tutorials][48] to get started with it.
So these were my recommendations. What are the steps you follow after installing Ubuntu? Share your favorite things and I might update this article with your suggestions.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-20-04/
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-20-04-release-features/
[2]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-20-04.jpg?ssl=1
[3]: https://itsfoss.com/how-to-know-ubuntu-unity-version/
[4]: https://itsfoss.com/find-desktop-environment/
[5]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/software-updater-ubuntu-20-04.jpg?ssl=1
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-repositories/
[7]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/software-updates-settings-ubuntu-20-04.jpg?ssl=1
[8]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/extra-repositories-ubuntu-20.jpg?ssl=1
[9]: https://itsfoss.com/install-media-codecs-ubuntu/
[10]: https://itsfoss.com/install-microsoft-fonts-ubuntu/
[11]: https://ubuntu-restricted-extras/
[12]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/installing_ubuntu_restricted_extras.jpg?ssl=1
[13]: https://itsfoss.com/remove-install-software-ubuntu/
[14]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/software-center-ubuntu-20.png?resize=800%2C509&ssl=1
[15]: https://itsfoss.com/best-ubuntu-apps/
[16]: https://itsfoss.com/install-chrome-ubuntu/
[17]: https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-guide/
[18]: https://itsfoss.com/install-steam-ubuntu-linux/
[19]: https://itsfoss.com/steam-play/
[20]: https://github.com/FeralInteractive/gamemode
[21]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rise_of_the_Tomb_Raider
[22]: https://itsfoss.com/could-not-get-lock-error/
[23]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/auto-updates-ubuntu.png?resize=800%2C361&ssl=1
[24]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/power-settings-ubuntu-20-04.png?fit=800%2C591&ssl=1
[25]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpq8pm_xkSE
[26]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/enable-dark-theme-ubuntu.png?ssl=1
[27]: https://itsfoss.com/dark-mode-ubuntu/
[28]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/disable-dock-ubuntu-20-04.png?ssl=1
[29]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters
[30]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/emoji-ubuntu.jpg?ssl=1
[31]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/emojis-desktop-search-ubuntu.jpg?ssl=1
[32]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/ubuntu-desktop-search-1.jpg?ssl=1
[33]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/quick-calculations-ubuntu-search.jpg?ssl=1
[34]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/search-settings-control-ubuntu.png?resize=800%2C534&ssl=1
[35]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/nightlight-ubuntu-20-04.png?ssl=1
[36]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/fractional-scaling-ubuntu.jpg?ssl=1
[37]: https://itsfoss.com/gnome-shell-extensions/
[38]: https://itsfoss.com/best-gnome-extensions/
[39]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/weather-extension-ubuntu.jpg?ssl=1
[40]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/do-not-distrub-option-ubuntu-20-04.png?ssl=1
[41]: https://itsfoss.com/free-up-space-ubuntu-linux/
[42]: https://itsfoss.com/gnome-tweak-tool/
[43]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/gnome-tweaks-tool-ubuntu-20-04.png?fit=800%2C551&ssl=1
[44]: https://itsfoss.com/display-battery-ubuntu/
[45]: https://itsfoss.com/fix-right-click-touchpad-ubuntu/
[46]: https://itsfoss.com/gnome-tricks-ubuntu/
[47]: https://itsfoss.com/install-themes-ubuntu/
[48]: https://itsfoss.com/getting-started-with-ubuntu/

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (MystiQ: A Free and Open Source Audio/Video Converter)
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/mystiq/)
[#]: author: (Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/)
MystiQ：一个免费开源音频/视频转换器
======
_**简述：MystiQ 是可用于 Linux 和 Windows 的新开源视频转换器工具。它的底层使用 FFMPEG，并为你提供基于 Qt 的整洁干净的图形界面。**_
### MystiQ，一个基于 QT 的 FFmpeg GUI 前端
![][1]
一个音频/视频转换工具可为跨多个平台的每位计算机用户提供方便。
出于同样的原因，我着重介绍 [MystiQ][2] 是个好主意，这是一个相对较新的视频/音频转换器工具，可用于 Linux 和 Windows。截至目前，它还不支持 macOS，但可能会在不久的将来出现。
MystiQ 是基于 [Qt 5 界面][4]的 [FFmpeg][3] 图形前端。 现在，你可以随时[在 Linux 命令行中安装并使用 ffmpeg][5]，但这不是很舒服，是吗？ 这就是为什么 [Handbrake][6] 和 MystiQ 之类的工具可以使我们的生活更轻松的原因。
由于 MystiQ 基于 FFmpeg，因此你可以将其用于一些基本的视频编辑，例如修剪、旋转等。
让我们来看看它的功能。
### MystiQ 视频转换器的功能
![][7]
即使 MystiQ 目前还算是一个新事物，但它也包含了一组很好的基本功能。以下它提供的：
* 视频转换
* 音频转换（也可从视频中提取音频）
* 支持格式：MP4、WEBM、MKV、MP3、MOV、OGG、WAV、ASF、FLV、3GP、M4A 等。
* 跨平台（Windows 和 Linux）
* 适用于 32 位和 64 位系统的安装包
* 能够调整音频质量（采样率、比特率等）进行转换
* **基本视频编辑功能**（剪辑视频、插入字幕、旋转视频、缩放视频等）
* 将彩色视频转换为黑白
* 可轻松转换视频的多个预设以获得最佳质量或获得最佳压缩效果。
#### [在 Linux 中使用 SoundConverter 轻松转换音频文件格式][9]
如果你想将音频文件格式转换为 wav、mp3、ogg 或任何其他格式，SoundConverter 是你在 Linux 中所需的工具。
### 安装 MystiQ
你可能没有在软件中心中找到它，但将它安装在 Linux 发行版上非常容易。
它提供了 **.AppImage** 文件和 **.deb/.rpm** 文件（32 位和 64 位软件包）。如果你好奇想使用的话，可以阅读[如何使用 AppImage 文件][10]。
如果你想帮助他们测试软件进行改进，你还可以找到他们的 [GitHub 页面][11]，并查看源码或任何近期的预发布软件包。
你可以在其官方网站下载适用于 Linux 和 Windows 的安装程序文件。
[下载 MystiQ][2]
**总结**
在本文中，我使用 [Pop!\_OS][12] 20.04 测试了 MytiQ 转换器，并且在转换视频和音频时没遇到问题。而且，对于像我这样的普通用户来说，它的转换速度足够快。
请尝试一下，让我知道你对它的想法！另外，如果你在 Linux 上一直使用其他工具转换视频和音频，那它是什么？
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/mystiq/
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/mystiq-converter-ft.jpg?ssl=1
[2]: https://mystiqapp.com/
[3]: https://www.ffmpeg.org/
[4]: https://www.qt.io/
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/ffmpeg/
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/handbrake/
[7]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/mystiq-options.jpg?ssl=1
[9]: https://itsfoss.com/sound-converter-linux/
[10]: https://itsfoss.com/use-appimage-linux/
[11]: https://github.com/swl-x/MystiQ/
[12]: https://system76.com/pop