From f682b7e071c10c0dd3faf021ee9030e7cb8d2b3f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xingyu Wang Date: Wed, 9 Nov 2022 08:47:35 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] RP @wxy https://linux.cn/article-15230-1.html --- ...thon 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux.md | 142 ++++++++++++++ ...thon 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux.md | 182 ------------------ 2 files changed, 142 insertions(+), 182 deletions(-) create mode 100644 published/20221026.4 ⭐️ How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux.md delete mode 100644 sources/tech/20221026.4 ⭐️ How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux.md diff --git a/published/20221026.4 ⭐️ How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux.md b/published/20221026.4 ⭐️ How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..737ddc6a0e --- /dev/null +++ b/published/20221026.4 ⭐️ How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux.md @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ +[#]: subject: "How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux" +[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/install-python-3-11-ubuntu/" +[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: "wxy" +[#]: reviewer: "wxy" +[#]: publisher: "wxy" +[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-15230-1.html" + +如何在 Ubuntu 等 Linux 中安装 Python 3.11 +====== + +> 打算为你的项目开发工作安装 Python 3.11？下面是如何在 Ubuntu 等发行版中安装 Python 3.11 的方法。 + +![][1] + +Python 3.11 于 2022 年 10 月 25 日发布，并声称比之前的 [Python 3.10][2] 版本快 10% - 60%。 + +一如既往，3.11 中的功能和改进列表明显较多。下面是一个简介： + +- 错误回溯更明确，可以指出导致错误的确切语句。 +- 引入异常组和新的 except* 语法。 +- 你可以在基础表达式中添加自定义文本，以便在你的代码中更好地处理错误。 +- 引入 Variadic 泛型，允许在 Python 数值库（如 NumPy）中使用类似数组的结构。 +- 字典类型 TypedDict 得到了改进，现在你可以指定个别字典项目是必须的还是可选的。 +- 引入了 Self 注解，允许类返回它们自己的类型实例。 + +还有很多，你可以在官方的 [3.11 亮点页面][3] 上详细了解。 + +### Linux 发行版中的当前 Python 版本 + +[Ubuntu 22.04 LTS][4] 带有 Python 3.10，而最近发布的 [Ubuntu 22.10 Kinetic Kudu][5] 也是同样的版本。然而， Kinetick Kudu 可能会在几周内采用 3.11。 + +另外，[Fedora 37][6] 已经有了 Python 3.11 RC2，并将提供该版本。 + +所以，如果你正在运行 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS、[Linux Mint 21][7] 或任何基于 Ubuntu-LTS 的发行版，这里是你如何通过 PPA 安装 Python 3.11 的方法。 + +**注意**：谨慎地使用这个方法。确保你知道你在做什么，因为替换 Linux 发行版的基础 Python 版本可能会导致系统不稳定。许多默认的应用程序和软件包都依赖于 3.10 版本。 + +### 如何在 Ubuntu 和相关发行版中安装 Python 3.11 + +打开终端提示，添加以下 PPA： + +``` +sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa +``` + +使用下面的命令刷新缓存： + +``` +sudo apt update  +``` + +并使用下面的命令安装 Python 3.11： + +``` +sudo apt install python3.11 +``` + +![在 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 中安装 Python 3.11][8] + +### 设置默认的 Python 版本 + +理论上，你可以在 Linux 发行版中安装多个版本的 Python，但只能默认一个版本。将 Python 3.11 设置为默认版本需要一些额外的步骤。请跟我做。 + +然而，在这之前，请确保你知道哪些应用程序依赖于 Python 3.10。你可以使用 `apt-cache rdepends` 命令轻松地找到它，如下所示： + +``` +debugpoint@debugpoint-22-04:~$ apt-cache rdepends python3.10 +python3.10 +Reverse Depends: +python3.10-dbg +python3.10-venv +python3.10-full +libpython3.10-testsuite +idle-python3.10 +idle-python3.10 +python3.10-minimal +python3.10-doc +python3.10-dev +python3 +[截断] +python3 +python3-uno +python3-all +gedit +``` + +#### 使用 Python 3.11 作为默认的 Python3 + +首先，从终端使用以下命令检查当前的默认版本： + +``` +python3 --version +``` + +使用 `update-alternatives` 来创建 `python3` 的符号链接： + +``` +sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.10 1 +``` + +``` +sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.11 2 +``` + +并通过命令选择哪一个作为 Python3 使用： + +``` +sudo update-alternatives --config python3 +``` + +![设置默认的 Python 版本为 3.11][9] + +现在你可以开始在你当前的 Ubuntu 版本中使用最新的 Python 来进行工作/学习了。你可以使用上述命令切换到库存版本，并随时改变版本。 + +如果你使用上述安装方法切换到 3.11，那么请确保你检查所有必要的应用程序，看它们是否工作正常。 + +最后，如果你遇到问题，请在评论区告诉我。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.debugpoint.com/install-python-3-11-ubuntu/ + +作者：[Arindam][a] +选题：[lkxed][b] +译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed +[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/py3112204-1024x576.jpg +[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/install-python-3-10-ubuntu/ +[3]: https://docs.python.org/3.11/whatsnew/3.11.html +[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/ubuntu-22-04-review/ +[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/ubuntu-22-10/ +[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/fedora-37/ +[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/linux-mint-21-review/ +[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Install-Python-3.11-in-Ubuntu-22.04-LTS.jpg +[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Setting-up-default-python-version-to-3.11.jpg diff --git a/sources/tech/20221026.4 ⭐️ How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux.md b/sources/tech/20221026.4 ⭐️ How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux.md deleted file mode 100644 index 711b8e63e3..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20221026.4 ⭐️ How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,182 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux" -[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/install-python-3-11-ubuntu/" -[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/" -[#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: " " -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -How to Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and Other Related Linux -====== - -**Planning to get Python 3.11 installed for your project work? Here’s how to install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and related distros.** - -![][1] - -Python 3.11 was released on Oct 25, 2022, and claims to be 10-60% faster than the prior [Python 3.10][2] version. - -As always, the feature and improvement list are significantly high in 3.11. Here’s a brief. - -- Error tracebacks are not more definite, which gives you an exact statement that causes the error. -- Introduction of exception groups and new except* syntax -- You can add custom text in the base expression for better error handling in your code. -- Introduction of Variadic generic to allow array-like structure in numerical Python libraries )such as NumPy) -- Dictionary type TypedDict gets improvement where you can now specify whether individual dictionary items are mandatory or optional. -- Introduction of Self annotation, which allows classes to return their own type instance. - -And many more, which you can read in detail on the official [3.11 highlights page][3]. - -### Current Python versions in Linux Distros - -[Ubuntu 22.04 LTS][4] have Python 3.10, whereas the recently released [Ubuntu 22.10 Kinetic Kudu][5] also have the same. However, Kinetick Kudu will probably feature 3.11 within a few weeks. - -Also, [Fedora 37][6] (planned for Nov 1) already has the Python 3.11 RC2 and will get the version. - -So, if you are running Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, [Linux Mint 21][7] or any Ubuntu-LTS-based distros, here’s how you can install Python 3.11 via a PPA. - -**Note**: Use this method with caution. Make sure you know what you are doing because replacing the base Python version of a Linux distribution may cause an unstable system. Many default applications and packages depend on the 3.10 version. - -### How to install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu and related distros - -- Open a terminal prompt and add the following PPA. - -``` -sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa -``` - -- Refresh the cache using the below command. - -``` -sudo apt update  -``` - -- And install Python 3.11 using the below command. - -``` -sudo apt install python3.11 -``` - -![Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS][8] - -Install Python 3.11 in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS - -### Set Default Python Versions - -In theory, you can install multiple versions of Python in Linux distros, but the default can only be one version. Setting up Python 3.11 as default requires some additional steps. Follow along. - -However, before you do that, make sure you know which applications depend on Python 3.10. You can easily find it out using `apt-cache rdepends` command as below. - -``` -debugpoint@debugpoint-22-04:~$ apt-cache rdepends python3.10 -python3.10 -Reverse Depends: -python3.10-dbg -python3.10-venv -python3.10-full -libpython3.10-testsuite -idle-python3.10 -idle-python3.10 -python3.10-minimal -python3.10-doc -python3.10-dev -python3 -virtualbox -python3.10-venv -python3.10-full -libpython3.10-testsuite -kitty -idle-python3.10 -idle-python3.10 -python3.10-minimal -python3.10-doc -python3.10-dev -python3.10-dbg -python3-uno -python3-all -python3.10-dbg -virtualbox -stimfit -python3.10-venv -python3.10-full -python3-stfio -python3-escript-mpi -python3-escript -python3-csound -plasma-firewall -pitivi -obs-studio -liferea -libpython3.10-testsuite -libglib2.0-tests -kitty -idle-python3.10 -idle-python3.10 -cluster-glue -atac -rhythmbox-plugins -python3.10-minimal -python3.10-doc -python3.10-dev -python3 -python3-uno -python3-all -gedit -``` - -#### Use Python 3.11 as the default Python3 - -- First, check the current default version using the below command from the terminal. - -``` -python3 --version -``` - -- Use `update-alternatives` to create symbolic links to `python3` - -``` -sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.10 1 -``` - -``` -sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.11 2 -``` - -- And choose which one to use as Python3 via the command: - -``` -sudo update-alternatives --config python3 -``` - -![Setting up default python version to 3.11][9] - -Setting up default python version to 3.11 - -Now you can start using the latest Python in your current Ubuntu version for your work/study. You switch to the stock version using the above commands and change the versions at any time. - -If you switch to 3.11 using the above install method, then make sure you check all the necessary apps to see whether they are working fine. - -Finally, do let me know in the comment box if you run into problems. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://www.debugpoint.com/install-python-3-11-ubuntu/ - -作者：[Arindam][a] -选题：[lkxed][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/ -[b]: https://github.com/lkxed -[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/py3112204-1024x576.jpg -[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/install-python-3-10-ubuntu/ -[3]: https://docs.python.org/3.11/whatsnew/3.11.html -[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/ubuntu-22-04-review/ -[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/ubuntu-22-10/ -[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/fedora-37/ -[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/linux-mint-21-review/ -[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Install-Python-3.11-in-Ubuntu-22.04-LTS.jpg -[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Setting-up-default-python-version-to-3.11.jpg