mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2025-01-25 23:11:02 +08:00
translated
This commit is contained in:
geekpi
parent
66ef899599
commit
f57fccf044
@ -1,238 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (How to Install MongoDB on Ubuntu)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/install-mongodb-ubuntu)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Sergiu https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/)
|
||||
|
||||
How to Install MongoDB on Ubuntu
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
**This tutorial presents two ways to install MongoDB on Ubuntu and Ubuntu-based Linux distributions.**
|
||||
|
||||
[MongoDB][1] is an increasingly popular free and open-source NoSQL database that stores data in collections of JSON-like, flexible documents, in contrast to the usual table approach you’ll find in SQL databases.
|
||||
|
||||
You are most likely to find MongoDB used in modern web applications. Its document model makes it very intuitive to access and handle with various programming languages.
|
||||
|
||||
![mongodb Ubuntu][2]
|
||||
|
||||
In this article, I’ll cover two ways you can install MongoDB on your Ubuntu system.
|
||||
|
||||
### Installing MongoDB on Ubuntu based Distributions
|
||||
|
||||
1. Install MongoDB using Ubuntu’s repository. Easy but not the latest version of MongoDB
|
||||
2. Install MongoDB using its official repository. Slightly complicated but you get the latest version of MongoDB.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The first installation method is easier, but I recommend the second method if you plan on using the latest release with official support.
|
||||
|
||||
Some people might prefer using snap packages. There are snaps available in the Ubuntu Software Center, but I wouldn’t recommend using them; they’re outdated at the moment and I won’t be covering that.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Method 1. Install MongoDB from Ubuntu Repository
|
||||
|
||||
This is the easy way to install MongoDB on your system, you only need to type in a simple command.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Installing MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
First, make sure your packages are up-to-date. Open up a terminal and type:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Go ahead and install MongoDB with:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt install mongodb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
That’s it! MongoDB is now installed on your machine.
|
||||
|
||||
The MongoDB service should automatically be started on install, but to check the status type
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo systemctl status mongodb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Check if the MongoDB service is running.][3]
|
||||
|
||||
You can see that the service is **active**.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Running MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
MongoDB is currently a systemd service, so we’ll use **systemctl** to check and modify it’s state, using the following commands:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo systemctl status mongodb
|
||||
sudo systemctl stop mongodb
|
||||
sudo systemctl start mongodb
|
||||
sudo systemctl restart mongodb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You can also change if MongoDB automatically starts when the system starts up ( **default** : enabled):
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo systemctl disable mongodb
|
||||
sudo systemctl enable mongodb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To start working with (creating and editing) databases, type:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
mongo
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This will start up the **mongo shell**. Please check out the [manual][4] for detailed information on the available queries and options.
|
||||
|
||||
**Note:** Depending on how you plan to use MongoDB, you might need to adjust your Firewall. That’s unfortunately more involved than what I can cover here and depends on your configuration.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Uninstall MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
If you installed MongoDB from the Ubuntu Repository and want to uninstall it (maybe to install using the officially supported way), type:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo systemctl stop mongodb
|
||||
sudo apt purge mongodb
|
||||
sudo apt autoremove
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This should completely get rid of your MongoDB install. Make sure to **backup** any collections or documents you might want to keep since they will be wiped out!
|
||||
|
||||
#### Method 2. Install MongoDB Community Edition on Ubuntu
|
||||
|
||||
This is the way the recommended way to install MongoDB, using the package manager. You’ll have to type a few more commands and it might be intimidating if you are newer to the Linux world.
|
||||
|
||||
But there’s nothing to be afraid of! We’ll go through the installation process step by step.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Installing MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
The package maintained by MongoDB Inc. is called **mongodb-org** , not **mongodb** (this is the name of the package in the Ubuntu Repository). Make sure **mongodb** is not installed on your system before applying this steps. The packages will conflict. Let’s get to it!
|
||||
|
||||
First, we’ll have to import the public key:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 9DA31620334BD75D9DCB49F368818C72E52529D4
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Now, you need to add a new repository in your sources list so that you can install MongoDB Community Edition and also get automatic updates:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
echo "deb [ arch=amd64 ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs)/mongodb-org/4.0 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.0.list
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To be able to install **mongodb-org** , we’ll have to update our package database so that your system is aware of the new packages available:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt update
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Now you can ether install the **latest stable version** of MongoDB:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt install -y mongodb-org
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
or a **specific version** (change the version number after **equal** sign)
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt install -y mongodb-org=4.0.6 mongodb-org-server=4.0.6 mongodb-org-shell=4.0.6 mongodb-org-mongos=4.0.6 mongodb-org-tools=4.0.6
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you choose to install a specific version, make sure you change the version number everywhere. If you only change it in the **mongodb-org=4.0.6** part, the latest version will be installed.
|
||||
|
||||
By default, when updating using the package manager ( **apt-get** ), MongoDB will be updated to the newest updated version. To stop that from happening (and freezing to the installed version), use:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
echo "mongodb-org hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
|
||||
echo "mongodb-org-server hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
|
||||
echo "mongodb-org-shell hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
|
||||
echo "mongodb-org-mongos hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
|
||||
echo "mongodb-org-tools hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You have now successfully installed MongoDB!
|
||||
|
||||
##### Configuring MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
By default, the package manager will create **/var/lib/mongodb** and **/var/log/mongodb** and MongoDB will run using the **mongodb** user account.
|
||||
|
||||
I won’t go into changing these default settings since that is beyond the scope of this guide. You can check out the [manual][5] for detailed information.
|
||||
|
||||
The settings in **/etc/mongod.conf** are applied when starting/restarting the **mongodb** service instance.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Running MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
To start the mongodb daemon **mongod** , type:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo service mongod start
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Now you should verify that the **mongod** process started successfully. This information is stored (by default) at **/var/log/mongodb/mongod.log**. Let’s check the contents of that file:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo cat /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Check MongoDB logs to see if the process is running properly.][6]
|
||||
|
||||
As long as you get this: **[initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017** somewhere in there, the process is running properly.
|
||||
|
||||
**Note: 27017** is the default port of **mongod.**
|
||||
|
||||
To stop/restart **mongod** enter:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo service mongod stop
|
||||
sudo service mongod restart
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Now, you can use MongoDB by opening the **mongo shell** :
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
mongo
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
##### Uninstall MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
Run the following commands
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo service mongod stop
|
||||
sudo apt purge mongodb-org*
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To remove the **databases** and **log files** (make sure to **backup** what you want to keep!):
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo rm -r /var/log/mongodb
|
||||
sudo rm -r /var/lib/mongodb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Wrapping Up**
|
||||
|
||||
MongoDB is a great NoSQL database, easy to integrate into modern projects. I hope this tutorial helped you to set it up on your Ubuntu machine! Let us know how you plan on using MongoDB in the comments below.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/install-mongodb-ubuntu
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Sergiu][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://www.mongodb.com/
|
||||
[2]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/mongodb-ubuntu.jpeg?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
|
||||
[3]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/mongodb_check_status.jpg?fit=800%2C574&ssl=1
|
||||
[4]: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/getting-started/
|
||||
[5]: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/
|
||||
[6]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/mongodb_org_check_logs.jpg?fit=800%2C467&ssl=1
|
||||
239
translated/tech/20190304 How to Install MongoDB on Ubuntu.md
Normal file
239
translated/tech/20190304 How to Install MongoDB on Ubuntu.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (How to Install MongoDB on Ubuntu)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/install-mongodb-ubuntu)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Sergiu https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/)
|
||||
|
||||
如何在 Ubuntu 上安装 MongoDB
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
**本教程介绍了在 Ubuntu 和基于 Ubuntu 的 Linux 发行版上安装 MongoDB 的两种方法。**
|
||||
|
||||
[MongoDB][1]是一个越来越流行的免费和开源的 NoSQL 数据库，它将数据存储在类似 JSON 的灵活文档集中，这与 SQL 数据库中常见的表格形式形成对比。
|
||||
|
||||
你很可能发现在现代 Web 应用中使用 MongoDB。它的文档模型使得使用各种编程语言能非常直观地访问和处理它。
|
||||
|
||||
![mongodb Ubuntu][2]
|
||||
|
||||
在本文中，我将介绍两种在 Ubuntu 上安装 MongoDB 的方法。
|
||||
|
||||
### 在基于 Ubuntu 的发行版上安装 MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
1. 使用 Ubuntu 仓库安装 MongoDB。简单但不是最新版本的 MongoDB
|
||||
2. 使用其官方仓库安装 MongoDB。稍微复杂，但你能得到最新版本的 MongoDB。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
第一种安装方法更容易，但如果你计划使用官方支持的最新版本，那么我建议使用第二种方法。
|
||||
|
||||
S有些人可能更喜欢使用 snap 包。Ubuntu 软件中心提供了 snap，但我不建议使用它们，因为现在已经过时了，因此我这里不会提到。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 方法 1：从 Ubuntu 仓库安装 MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
这是在系统中安装 MongoDB 的简便方法，你只需输入一个命令即可。
|
||||
|
||||
##### 安装 MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
首先，确保你的包是最新的。打开终端并输入：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
继续安装 MongoDB：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt install mongodb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这就完成了！MongoDB 现在安装到你的计算机上了。
|
||||
|
||||
MongoDB 服务应该在安装时自动启动，但要检查服务状态：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo systemctl status mongodb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Check if the MongoDB service is running.][3]
|
||||
|
||||
你可以看到该服务是**活动**的。
|
||||
|
||||
##### 运行 MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
MongoDB 目前是一个 systemd 服务，因此我们使用 **systemctl** 来检查和修改它的状态，使用以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo systemctl status mongodb
|
||||
sudo systemctl stop mongodb
|
||||
sudo systemctl start mongodb
|
||||
sudo systemctl restart mongodb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
你也可以修改 MongoDB 是否自动随系统启动（**默认**：启用）：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo systemctl disable mongodb
|
||||
sudo systemctl enable mongodb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
要开始使用（创建和编辑）数据库，请输入：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
mongo
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这将启动 **mongo shell**。有关查询和选项的详细信息，请查看[手册][4]。
|
||||
|
||||
**注意：**根据你计划使用 MongoDB 的方式，你可能需要调整防火墙。不幸的是，这超出了本篇的内容，并且取决于你的配置。
|
||||
|
||||
##### 卸载 MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
如果你从 Ubuntu 仓库安装 MongoDB 并想要卸载它（可能要使用官方支持的方式安装），请输入：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo systemctl stop mongodb
|
||||
sudo apt purge mongodb
|
||||
sudo apt autoremove
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这应该会完全卸载 MongoDB。确保**备份**你可能想要保留的任何集合或文档，因为它们将被删除！
|
||||
|
||||
#### 方法 2：在 Ubuntu 上安装 MongoDB 社区版
|
||||
|
||||
这是推荐的安装 MongoDB 的方法，它使用包管理器。你需要多打几条命令，对于 Linux 新手而言，这可能会感到害怕。
|
||||
|
||||
但没有什么可怕的！我们将一步步说明安装过程。
|
||||
|
||||
##### 安装 MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
由 MongoDB Inc. 维护的包称为 **mongodb-org** ，而不是 **mongodb**（这是 Ubuntu 仓库中包的名称）。在开始之前，请确保系统上未安装 **mongodb**。因为包之间会发生冲突。让我们开始吧！
|
||||
|
||||
首先，我们必须导入公钥：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 9DA31620334BD75D9DCB49F368818C72E52529D4
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
现在，你需要在源列表中添加一个新的仓库，以便你可以安装 MongoDB 社区版并获得自动更新：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
echo "deb [ arch=amd64 ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs)/mongodb-org/4.0 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.0.list
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
为了安装 **mongodb-org**，我们需要我们的包数据库，以便系统知道可用的新包：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt update
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
现在你可以安装**最新稳定版**的 MongoDB：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt install -y mongodb-org
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
或者某个**特定版本**（在**等号**后面修改版本号）
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt install -y mongodb-org=4.0.6 mongodb-org-server=4.0.6 mongodb-org-shell=4.0.6 mongodb-org-mongos=4.0.6 mongodb-org-tools=4.0.6
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果你选择安装特定版本，请确保在所有位置都修改了版本号。如果你修改了 **mongodb-org=4.0.6**，你将安装最新版本。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
默认情况下，使用包管理器（**apt-get**）更新时，MongoDB 将更新为最新的版本。要阻止这种情况发生（并冻结为已安装的版本），请使用：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
echo "mongodb-org hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
|
||||
echo "mongodb-org-server hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
|
||||
echo "mongodb-org-shell hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
|
||||
echo "mongodb-org-mongos hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
|
||||
echo "mongodb-org-tools hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
你现在已经成功安装了 MongoDB！
|
||||
|
||||
##### 配置 MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
默认情况下，包管理器将创建 **/var/lib/mongodb** 和 **/var/log/mongodb**，MongoDB 将使用 **mongodb** 用户帐户运行。
|
||||
|
||||
我不会去更改这些默认设置，因为这超出了本指南的范围。有关详细信息，请查看[手册][5]。
|
||||
|
||||
**/etc/mongod.conf** 中的设置在启动/重新启动 **mongodb** 服务实例时生效。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
##### 运行 MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
要启动 mongodb 的守护进程 **mongod**，请输入：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo service mongod start
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
现在你应该验证 **mongod** 进程是否已成功启动。此信息（默认情况下）保存在 **/var/log/mongodb/mongod.log** 中。我们来看看文件的内容：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo cat /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Check MongoDB logs to see if the process is running properly.][6]
|
||||
|
||||
只要你在某处看到：**[initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017**，就说明进程正常运行。
|
||||
|
||||
**注意：27017** 是 **mongod** 的默认端口。
|
||||
|
||||
要停止/重启 **mongod**，请输入：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo service mongod stop
|
||||
sudo service mongod restart
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
现在，你可以通过打开 **mongo shell** 来使用 MongoDB：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
mongo
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
##### 卸载 MongoDB
|
||||
|
||||
运行以下命令
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo service mongod stop
|
||||
sudo apt purge mongodb-org*
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
要删除**数据库**和**日志文件**（确保**备份**你要保留的内容！）：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo rm -r /var/log/mongodb
|
||||
sudo rm -r /var/lib/mongodb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**总结**
|
||||
|
||||
MongoDB 是一个很棒的 NoSQL 数据库，它易于集成到现代项目中。我希望本教程能帮助你在 Ubuntu 上安装它！在下面的评论中告诉我们你计划如何使用 MongoDB。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/install-mongodb-ubuntu
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Sergiu][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://www.mongodb.com/
|
||||
[2]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/mongodb-ubuntu.jpeg?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
|
||||
[3]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/mongodb_check_status.jpg?fit=800%2C574&ssl=1
|
||||
[4]: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/getting-started/
|
||||
[5]: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/
|
||||
[6]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/mongodb_org_check_logs.jpg?fit=800%2C467&ssl=1
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user