From d25f1f8e6ce5a5d405c759c5912a5887cd8d924a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GitFuture <752736341@qq.com> Date: Sat, 12 Nov 2016 13:12:48 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] GitFuture has translated the file --- ...manage packages on Debian Based Systems.md | 66 +++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 32 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-) rename {sources => translated}/tech/20160229 dpkg commands to manage packages on Debian Based Systems.md (71%) diff --git a/sources/tech/20160229 dpkg commands to manage packages on Debian Based Systems.md b/translated/tech/20160229 dpkg commands to manage packages on Debian Based Systems.md similarity index 71% rename from sources/tech/20160229 dpkg commands to manage packages on Debian Based Systems.md rename to translated/tech/20160229 dpkg commands to manage packages on Debian Based Systems.md index e615677922..906cdf10c9 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20160229 dpkg commands to manage packages on Debian Based Systems.md +++ b/translated/tech/20160229 dpkg commands to manage packages on Debian Based Systems.md @@ -1,20 +1,18 @@ -Translating By GitFuture +# 用 dpkg 命令在 Debian 系的系统中管理软件包 -# dpkg commands to manage packages on Debian Based Systems +[dpkg][7] 表示 Debian package manager (dpkg), Debian 软件包管理。dpkg 是一个可以安装、构建、删除及管理 Debian 软件包的命令行工具。dpkg 将 Aptitude（主要并且用户友好的）作为执行所有操作的前端。 -[dpkg][7] stands for Debian package manager (dpkg). dpkg is a command-line tool to install, build, remove and manage Debian packages. dpkg uses Aptitude (primary and more user-friendly) as a front-end to perform all the actions. +dpkg 被 dpkg-deb 和 dpkg-query 等工具作为执行操作的前端。 -Other utility such as dpkg-deb and dpkg-query uses dpkg as a front-end to perform some action. +现在大多数系统管理员使用 Apt，[Apt-Get][6] 及 Aptitude 等工具，不用维护就可以轻松地管理软件。 -Now a days most of the administrator using Apt, [Apt-Get][6] & Aptitude to manage packages easily without headache and its robust management too. +尽管如此，必要的时候还是需要用 dpkg 来安装某些软件。在 Linux 系统上广泛使用的包管理工具有 [yum][5], [dnf][4], [apt-get][3], dpkg, [rpm][2], [Zypper][1], pacman, urpmi 等等。 -Even though still we need to use dpkg to perform some software installation where it’s necessary. Some other package manger utilities which are being used widely in Linux are [yum][5], [dnf][4], [apt-get][3], dpkg, [rpm][2], [Zypper][1], pacman, urpmi, etc., +现在，我要在装有 Ubuntu 15.10 的机器上用一些实例讲解最常用的 dpkg 命令。 -Now, i’m going to play on our Ubuntu 15.10 box to explain and cover mostly used dpkg commands with examples. +### 1) dpkg 常见命令的语法及 dpkg 文件位置 -#### 1) Common syntax/file location for dpkg - -See below for common syntax/ file location of dpkg which will help you if you want to check more about it. +下面是 dpkg 常见命令的语法及 dpkg 文件的位置，如果想深入了解，对你肯定大有益处。 ``` @@ -34,9 +32,9 @@ $ /var/lib/dpkg/status ``` -#### 2) Install/Upgrade the package +### 2) 安装/升级软件 -Use the below command to install/upgrade .deb packge on Debian based systems such as Debian, Mint, Ubuntu & elementryOS, etc..,. Here i’m going to install Atom through atom-amd64.deb file. It will upgrade if it’s installed other wise install a fresh one. +在基于 Debian 的系统里，比如 Debian， Mint， Ubuntu 和 elementryOS，用以下命令来安装/升级 .deb 软件包。这里我要用 atom-amd64.deb 文件安装 Atom。要是已经安装了 Atom，就会升级它。要么就会安装一个新的 Atom。 ``` [Install/Upgrade dpkg packages] @@ -54,9 +52,9 @@ Processing triggers for mime-support (3.58ubuntu1) ... ``` -#### 3) Install a package from folder +### 3) 从文件夹里安装软件 -Use the below command to install the packages recursively from directory on Debian based systems such as Debian, Mint, Ubuntu & elementryOS, etc,. This will install all the *.deb packages under the /opt/software directory. +在基于 Debian 的系统中，用下列命令从目录下递归的安装软件。这会安装 /opt/software 目录下的所有以 .deb 为后缀的软件。 ``` $ sudo dpkg -iR /opt/software @@ -72,9 +70,9 @@ Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.22-1ubuntu3) ... Processing triggers for mime-support (3.58ubuntu1) ... ``` -#### 4) Print the Installed packages list +### 4) 显示已安装软件列表 -Use the below command to List all installed packages, along with package version and description on Debian based systems such as Debian, Mint, Ubuntu & elementryOS, etc..,. +以下命令可以列出 Debian 系的系统中所有已安装的软件，同时会显示软件版本和描述信息。 ``` $ dpkg -l @@ -94,9 +92,9 @@ ii account-plugin-salut 3.12.10-0ubuntu2 amd64 ``` -#### 5) Check particular Installed package +### 5) 查看指定的已安装软件 -Use the below command to List individual installed package, along with package version and description on Debian based systems such as Debian, Mint, Ubuntu & elementryOS, etc..,. +用以下命令列出指定的一个已安装软件，同时会显示软件版本和描述信息。 ``` @@ -110,9 +108,9 @@ ii atom 1.5.3 amd64 A hackable text editor for the 21st ``` -#### 6) Check package Installed Location +### 6) 查看软件安装目录 -Use the below command to Check package Installed Location on Debian based systems such as Debian, Mint, Ubuntu & elementryOS, etc..,. +以下命令可以在基于 Debian 的系统上查看软件的安装路径。 ``` $ dpkg -L atom @@ -130,9 +128,9 @@ $ dpkg -L atom ``` -#### 7) View deb package content +### 7) 查看 deb 包内容 -Use the below command to View deb package content, It will show list of files on inside .deb package. +下列命令可以查看 deb 包内容。它会显示 .deb 包中的一系列文件。 ``` $ dpkg -c atom-amd64.deb @@ -151,9 +149,9 @@ drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2016-02-13 02:13 ./usr/share/doc/ . ``` -#### 8) Display details about package +### 8) 显示软件的详细信息 -Use the below command to Display detailed information about package, package group, version, maintainer, Architecture, display depends packages, description, etc.,. +以下命令可以显示软件的详细信息，如软件名，软件类别，版本，维护者，软件架构，依赖的软件，软件描述等等。 ``` $ dpkg -s atom @@ -171,9 +169,9 @@ Description: A hackable text editor for the 21st Century. Atom is a free and open source text editor that is modern, approachable, and hackable to the core. ``` -#### 9) Find what package owns the file +### 9) 查看文件属于哪个软件 -Use the below command to find out what package does file belong. +用以下命令来查看文件属于哪个软件。 ``` $ dpkg -S /usr/bin/atom @@ -181,9 +179,9 @@ atom: /usr/bin/atom ``` -#### 10) Remove/Delete package +### 10) 移除/删除软件 -Use the below command to Remove/Delete an installed package except configuration files. +以下命令可以用来移除/删除一个已经安装的软件，但不删除配置文件。 ``` @@ -198,9 +196,9 @@ Processing triggers for mime-support (3.58ubuntu1) ... ``` -#### 11) Purge package +### 11) 清除软件 -Use the below command to Remove/Delete everything including configuration files. +以下命令可以用来移除/删除包括配置文件在内的所有文件。 ``` $ sudo dpkg -P atom @@ -214,9 +212,9 @@ Processing triggers for mime-support (3.58ubuntu1) ... ``` -#### 12) Read more about dpkg +### 12) 了解更多 -Use the below commands to read more about dpkg command information. +用以下命令来查看更多关于 dpkg 的信息。 ``` $ dpkg -help @@ -225,7 +223,7 @@ $ man dpkg ``` -Enjoy….) +开始体验 dpkg 吧。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -233,7 +231,7 @@ via: http://www.2daygeek.com/dpkg-command-examples/ 作者：[MAGESH MARUTHAMUTHU ][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +译者：[GitFuture](https://github.com/GitFuture) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)