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[#]: subject: "10 Features Why GNOME 42 is the Greatest Release Ever"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/03/gnome-42-release/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: " "
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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10 Features Why GNOME 42 is the Greatest Release Ever
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======
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We think these GNOME 42 release features make it one of the great releases in GNOME’s history. Here’s why.
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The GNOME Desktop is the most widely used desktop environment today. And it is probably the only desktop that new users to Linux experience for the first time. GNOME is the default desktop environment for Ubuntu and Fedora Linux. Hence its user base is in millions.
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The upcoming GNOME 42 releases soon. And perhaps it’s one of the best releases so far in terms of new features, adoption of modern tech and moving away from the legacy codebase.
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The core, look and feel under the hood changes – everything looks different for new and experienced users.
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![GNOME 42 Desktop][1]
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In this article, we would like to give you a tour of 10 features of GNOME 42, which makes it a significant release.
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### Great Features of GNOME 42 Release
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#### 1. Libadwaita and GTK4
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The libadwaita library is the modern building block for GTK4 applications. It’s the GTK4 port of the libhandy library that defines the visual language of the GNOME desktop. The adoption of libadwaita is complex, and it impacts almost every modules component of the modern GNOME desktop, including the native applications. Imagine how difficult it is for a complete libadwaita and GTK4 adoption in development efforts, testing and other regressions.
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The work started in GNOME 41 is now nearing completion in this GNOME 42 release. But what are the changes?
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The libadwaita and GTK4 changes are visible in every user interface of the entire desktop. For example, you can see the flat buttons, well-justified labels, new colours, rounded corners, refined controls, etc.
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Hence, from Files to Web, the Shell controls, menu items – everything would look stunning with libadwaita and GTK4 in the GNOME 42 release.
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#### 2. Updated GNOME Shell Theme
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The GNOME default Shell theme changed in several places. In this release, those items’ menus, notifications, and overall look are more compact.
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The menu items at the top bar, such as the Calendar or the system tray menu, are now closer to the top bar. The spacing between the text and options inside the menu is decreased.
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![GNOME 42 Shell updates][2]
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The on-screen display notifications are changed. Earlier, it used to be the large boxes with notification labels that are now changed to “pills” with a lesser display footprint.
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![Revamped OSD and menu in GNOME 42][3]
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And also, some inside performance boost makes GNOME 42 much faster than its predecessors.
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#### 3. Adaptive Dark Theme
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If you love dark themes and want your app to honour the system’s dark look, you are in for a treat. The GNOME 42, with the help of libadwaita, brings native dark mode for all the supported applications.
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If you choose a dark theme for GNOME Shell, the apps also follow that shell’s system style.
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For example, if you choose the below option in the new Text editor, it changes to a dark theme when you change the GNOME Shell theme.
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![This option makes it follow dark and light theme automatically][4]
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However, this feature needs to be implemented by the app developer to consume the exposed Shell settings.
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#### 4. Revamped System Settings with new Appearances
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The fulcrum of the entire GNOME desktop is its settings window. From the settings window, you can tweak most of the desktop behaviour. The setting application itself is a complex app, and it’s ported to libadwaita. So, the looks of it changed with new styled widgets and controls.
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One of the vital changes in the Settings window is the new Appearance page. This page gives you the option to view and toggle the desktop theme between light and dark.
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The Sharing page in the settings window gives you a redesigned remote desktop dialog showing options and preferences for remote desktop connection via RDP (not VNC).
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![Appearance page in Settings][5]
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#### 5. Wallpaper that switches automatically with theme
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The above appearance page in settings also gives you a nice side-by-side look of the light and dark version. And when you change the system theme, the wallpaper also changes automatically! This is by far the most remarkable feature that GNOME 42 release brings.
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#### 6. Files icon change
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The default folder icons in Files (Nautilus) didn’t change for many years. In my opinion, everything changed over the years, but this piece remains the same. In GNOME 42, the folder icons colour in the Files file manager changes to light blue.
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Arguably, blue might not be the best colour considering every aspect. But blue still goes well with GNOME’s default wallpaper and other component pallets. And a change to the default Files look is always welcome.
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![Files with new color folders in GNOME 42][6]
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#### 7. A brand new text editor
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A new Text Editor replaces the famous and fabulous Gedit in GNOME 42. The Gedit is a powerful and time-tested utility, and replacing all of its functionality takes time. The new Text Editor is built in GTK4 from scratch and brings some outstanding features, including built-in themes and light and dark mode. More features are expected to arrive in Text Editor in future.
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To be clear, Gedit doesn’t go away. It’s still there in the respective Linux distribution’s repo, and you can install it whatever you want.
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You can read our exclusive piece on Gedit and GNOME Text Editor below.
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[Features about GNOME Text Editor][7]
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[Why Gedit is the great text editor][8]
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#### 8. A native screenshot tool
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One of the best features of the GNOME 42 release is the built-in screenshot and screen recording tool. You do not install any additional app for this. Your life will be easier with this tool, which takes care of the screenshot and screen recording with its nifty user interface when you press the `Print Screen` button.
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In earlier releases, hitting the Print Screen takes the entire desktop screenshot and saves it. Now, you need to hit Enter key after pressing Print Screen from the keyboard.
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![GNOME 42 introduces new screenshot tool][9]
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#### 9. Stunning Wallpapers
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A set of awesome wallpapers is about to treat you and give your favourite GNOME 42 desktop a visual uplift. And the wallpapers also have a dark version, which is set automatically when you choose dark over light.
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#### 10. Other Changes
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Some of the misc changes in the GNOME 42 release is the Eye of GNOME (image viewer) received a much-needed performance boost, Web browser GNOME Web now support hardware acceleration and user interface update in Maps. Also, a new Console application is a nice add on to this release which replaces GNOME Terminal.
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So, that’s about significant changes. But many changes make GNOME 42 release is one of the biggest releases in its history.
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### How to get GNOME 42
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GNOME 42 [was released on March 23, 2022][10], and you get to experience it via [GNOME OS][11] right away.
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If you plan to get it via Linux Distribution, you have to wait for a little. [Ubuntu 22.04 LTS][12] will feature GNOME 42 (partial), due April 2022. And [Fedora 36][13], which is expected in April as well.
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If you are an Arch Linux user, GNOME 42 will arrive soon in the main extra repo. Keep a watch on [this page][14] or check your Arch system via the usual `pacman -Syu` command.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/03/gnome-42-release/
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作者：[Arindam][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/GNOME-42-Desktop.jpg
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[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/GNOME-42-Shell-updates.jpg
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[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Revamped-OSD-and-menu-in-GNOME-42.jpg
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[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/This-option-makes-it-folow-dar-and-light-theme-automatically.jpg
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[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Appearance-page-in-Settings.jpg
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[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Files-with-new-color-folders-in-GNOME-42.jpg
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[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/12/gnome-text-editor/
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[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/04/gedit-features/
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[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/GNOME-42-introduces-new-screenshot-tool.jpg
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[10]: https://release.gnome.org/42/
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[11]: https://os.gnome.org/
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[12]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/01/ubuntu-22-04-lts/
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[13]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/02/fedora-36/
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[14]: https://archlinux.org/groups/x86_64/gnome/
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@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
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[#]: subject: "10 Things to Do After Installing Ubuntu 22.04 [With Bonus Tip]"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/10-things-to-do-ubuntu-22-04-after-install/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: " "
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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10 Things to Do After Installing Ubuntu 22.04 [With Bonus Tip]
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======
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You may want to try a summary of 10 things after installing Ubuntu 22.04 LTS “Jammy Jellyfish” (GNOME Edition).
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I am sure you are excited to experience the brand new Ubuntu 22.04 LTS and its shiny new features. If you have already installed or upgraded from the prior release, you may want to customise your system before you start using it. Although the customisations are subjective and vary with use cases. However, we give you 10 pointers that you can do after installing Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. I hope it helps.
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### 10 Things to Do After Installing Ubuntu 22.04
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#### 1. Update Your System
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Firstly, you should do some housekeeping after installing Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. Before you begin using the new system and configuring it, ensure that it is up to date with the latest packages from the Ubuntu Jammy repo. So, open a terminal window and run the below commands. Or, open Software Updater from the search.
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```
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sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
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```
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![Update your Ubuntu 22.04 LTS System][1]
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Software application takes some time to load for the first time; hence you must do it as a number one step to save time later. It is best if you wait until the update finishes. Once the update is complete, open the Software App and ensure it completes downloading the app metadata.
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Finally, when everything completes, reboot your system to proceed.
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#### 2. Opt-In/Opt-Out from data collection and history settings
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Secondly, it’s essential to review the privacy settings before using the system. Because we are all concerned about our usage data, location tracking, etc. So, to check them, open Settings from search and go to Privacy. The items you should review are Location Services and File History usage in your system. Make sure to change them as per your need.
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![Review the privacy settings][2]
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#### 3. Configure KB shortcuts
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To effectively use Ubuntu 22.04 system, keyboard shortcuts are essential. It helps your work faster. So, ideally, keyboard shortcuts are pre-configured, but you may want to change them based on your habits from `Settings > Keyboard > View and Customize Shortcuts`.
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![Configure Keyboard shortcuts in Ubuntu 22.04][3]
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#### 4. Prepare for the backup
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If you plan to use the system for a longer duration, it is super important to create a system checkpoint just after installation. Because in the future, if something goes wrong, you can always revert to your system as a fresh install.
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Ubuntu 22.04 comes with the built-in backup tool – Backups. You can go ahead and use it to create a system checkpoint.
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However, we recommend you use the great backup and restore tool TImeshift. It has many additional options and is well documented for heavy usage. To install Timeshift, you can use software or the terminal commands mentioned below.
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As of writing this post, this Timeshift PPA is yet to be updated for Jammy Jellyfish. So, I would recommend you wait for a couple of days to install it via PPA. You can also monitor PPA updates [here][4]. You can always use the built-in backup tool as mentioned above.
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After installation, launch Timeshift and follow the on-screen instructions to create a system restore point.
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```
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sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:teejee2008/ppasudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install timeshift
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```
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#### 5. Explore the New Features
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Once you complete the above set of housekeepings, it’s time for you to explore the new features of Ubuntu 22.04. We covered the unique features of Ubuntu 22.04 and its flavours in detail in dedicated posts. You may want to check them out below.
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* [Ubuntu 22.04 LTS – GNOME][5]
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* [Ubuntu MATE 22.04 LTS][6]
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* [Kubuntu 22.04 LTS][7]
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* [Xubuntu 22.04 LTS][8]
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* [Ubuntu Budgie 22.04 LTS][9]
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* [Lubuntu 22.04 LTS][10]
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* [Ubuntu Kylin 22.04 LTS][11]
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* [Ubuntu Studio 22.04 LTS][12]
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* [Ubuntu 20.04 vs Ubuntu 22.04 – Differences][13]
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#### 6. Experience the first-ever Accent Colour in Ubuntu
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In addition to the above items, you may find the new accent colour interesting in this release. This is one of the new features which was due for a long time. So, in the Appearance settings, you can find the selected colour options.
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You can choose your favourite colour and see the selection, the folder icon gradient changes with the colour. However, you can not select the custom colour at the moment. I am sure it will eventually come up in future releases.
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![How Accent colour change impact looks in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS][14]
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#### 7. Dark Mode and new controls
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Besides that accent colour, this release, alongside GNOME 42, brings new style changes, thanks to GTK4 and libadwaita adoption. With this change, the built-in dark mode can apply across the desktop and application that supports it. Also, the controls such as buttons, notifications, rounded corners, scroll bars, etc. all are more stylish and compact in this release.
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All of these together make this release a beautiful one.
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#### 8. Install GNOME Extensions
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Additionally, you can take advantage of hundreds of excellent GNOME Extensions available. For example, you may want to customise the default Dock, Or, like a super cool blur effect, etc. – you can quickly achieve these using the extensions.
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We list here some of the exciting extensions you may want to try out after installing this release.
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* [Blur My Shell][15] – get an exciting blur effect on the default shell
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* [Floating Dock][16] – make your dock float wherever you want
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* Dash to Dock: Enables you to control your Dash across the screen with various options.
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* Caffeine: Enables you more productively.
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* [Time ++][17]: Super handy extension to give you an alarm clock, stopwatch, time tracker, Pomodoro, and todo.txt manager – all together.
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* [NetSpeed][18]: Show your internet download and upload speed in the system tray.
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Before installing the above extensions, open a terminal prompt and install the chrome-gnome-shell using the below command to enable extensions.
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```
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sudo apt-get install chrome-gnome-shell
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```
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Then go to [https://extensions.gnome.org][19] and enable the extensions for Firefox.
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If you use the Snap version of Firefox, then the extension connectivity won’t work. So, uninstall the Firefox Snap version and [use an alternate installation][20] Or use a different browser (Such as Google Chrome, Chromium) that has a .deb version. Or, install the extension using the manual steps [outlined here in this article][21].
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#### 9. Configure Email Client
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Moreover, a native desktop email client is always preferable over browser-based email access. Hence, I would recommend you configure Thunderbird with your email service provider. The setup is more straightforward and wizard-driven. It helps for offline and drafting work for heavy email users.
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Alternatively, if you do not like Thunderbird, try to check out options – you can read our list of [top free native Linux desktop email clients list][22] and choose your favourite.
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#### 10. Install some additional packages and Software
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In addition to the above items, you should install some additional packages and software because Ubuntu doesn’t come with extra apps other than the native GNOME applications. We list here some of the important applications needed for basic desktop usage.
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You can install them using the Software application.
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* GIMP – Advanced photo editor
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* VLC – Media play that plays anything without the need for additional codecs
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* Google Chrome – Browser for Google users.
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* Leafpad – A lightweight text editor (even lightweight from default gedit)
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* Synaptic – A far better package manager
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Moreover, while installing Ubuntu, if you have not selected to install the restricted software to play audio and video media files, you can do it now. Because GNOME default Video player (Totem) can not play the basic mp4, etc. files without restricted software.
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So, to install them, open the terminal and run the below command to install.
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```
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sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras
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```
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You can now play most video/audio files without any problem in Ubuntu.
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#### Bonus Tip 💡
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|
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Finally, I recommend you set up Flatpak the first time after installing Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. Because over time, I am sure you would install many Flatpak applications.
|
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|
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To set up Flatpak, [visit this page][23] and follow the instructions.
|
||||
|
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Once you complete the setup, I recommend installing the below two Flatpak apps. The Extension application helps you manage the GNOME Extensions installed in your system. Other than that, the Flatseal application helps you manage Flatpak applications’ permissions in a super friendly way.
|
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|
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* [Flatseal][24] – Manage Flatpak permissions
|
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* [Extensions][25] – Manage GNOME extensions
|
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|
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### Summary
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|
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Also, one of the crucial debatable things to do after installing Ubuntu 22.04 is to delete Snap. Deleting Snap is a bit advanced process and may lead to an unstable system because of the tight coupling of Snap in Ubuntu.
|
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|
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That said, I hope this list gives you and new users of Ubuntu some idea about making a productive Ubuntu 22.04 LTS desktop.
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|
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
|
||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/10-things-to-do-ubuntu-22-04-after-install/
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|
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作者：[Arindam][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
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|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Update-your-Ubuntu-22.04-LTS-System.jpg
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[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Review-the-privacy-settings.jpg
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[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Configure-Keyboard-shortcuts-in-Ubuntu-22.04.jpg
|
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[4]: https://launchpad.net/~teejee2008/+archive/ubuntu/timeshift/+packages
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[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/01/ubuntu-22-04-lts/
|
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[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/ubuntu-mate-22-04-lts/
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[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/kubuntu-22-04-lts/
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[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/xubuntu-22-04-lts/
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[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/ubuntu-budgie-22-04-lts/
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[10]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/lubuntu-22-04-lts/
|
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[11]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/ubuntu-kylin-22-04-lts/
|
||||
[12]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/ubuntu-studio-22-04-lts/
|
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[13]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/difference-ubuntu-22-04-20-04/
|
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[14]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/How-Accent-colour-change-impact-looks-in-Ubuntu-22.04-LTS.jpg
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[15]: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/3193/blur-my-shell/
|
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[16]: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/3730/floating-dock/
|
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[17]: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1238/time/
|
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[18]: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/104/netspeed/
|
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[19]: https://extensions.gnome.org/
|
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[20]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/09/remove-firefox-snap-ubuntu/
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[21]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/10/manual-installation-gnome-extension/
|
||||
[22]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2019/06/best-email-client-linux-windows/
|
||||
[23]: https://flatpak.org/setup/
|
||||
[24]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.github.tchx84.Flatseal
|
||||
[25]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.gnome.Extensions
|
||||
@ -1,196 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "Ubuntu 20.04 vs 22.04: What Has Changed Between the Two LTS Releases?"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-20-04-vs-22-04/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 20.04 vs 22.04: What Has Changed Between the Two LTS Releases?
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 20.04 was an impressive release with a [list of exciting features][1].
|
||||
|
||||
Even with GNOME 3.36 on board, we had a fair share of visual upgrades. Now, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS comes packed with GNOME 42. So, naturally, there should be a variety of visual refinements.
|
||||
|
||||
Not just limited to the look and feel, [Ubuntu 22.04 LTS has numerous interesting features][2] to offer as well.
|
||||
|
||||
Here, I try to compare the feature offerings between the two to help you decide if you should upgrade.
|
||||
|
||||
### 1\. Support Lifespan
|
||||
|
||||
Undoubtedly, both being LTS ([Long-Term Release][3]) versions, you can pick any of them and still be able to use them for a couple of years, at the very least.
|
||||
|
||||
To be accurate, Ubuntu 22.04 will be supported with maintenance updates for **five years** until **April 2027**.
|
||||
|
||||
And, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS will be supported until **2025**, meaning, you have **three more years** of software update support.
|
||||
|
||||
### 2\. Logo and Branding
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu’s branding focused on a purple accent for some elements like toggles, sliders, etc. on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.
|
||||
|
||||
However, with Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, they focused on a different accent color with changes to the icon theme as well.
|
||||
|
||||
Not to forget, the [new Ubuntu 22.04 logo looks weird][4], and as of now, we do not have a proper logo file available to use on images.
|
||||
|
||||
The logo associated with Ubuntu 20.04 was clean, without any solid rectangle structure attached to it.
|
||||
|
||||
![][5]
|
||||
|
||||
Accordingly, the boot animation has changed as well, reflecting the latest branding.
|
||||
|
||||
### 3\. Accent Color Selection
|
||||
|
||||
With Ubuntu 20.04, you couldn’t select custom accent colors. You had to stick with the default or customize things yourself with [GNOME Tweaks][6].
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu 20.04 vs Ubuntu 22.04 \(Appearance setting\)][7]
|
||||
|
||||
However, that changes with Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, you can finally [select additional accent colors in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS][8].
|
||||
|
||||
### 4\. Wallpapers
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu 20.04 vs Ubuntu 22.04 \(Desktop featuring default wallpapers\)][9]
|
||||
|
||||
It is obvious to expect a new wallpaper that reflects the name of the Ubuntu upgrade.
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 is code named as “**Jammy Jellyfish**“, so the new wallpaper illustrates the same beautifully:
|
||||
|
||||
On the other hand, Ubuntu 20.04 is code named “**Focal Fossa**”, which refers to a cat-like predator based found in Madagascar.
|
||||
|
||||
Both have similar color combinations, but I tend to like the new one.
|
||||
|
||||
### 5\. Log in Screen and Lock screen
|
||||
|
||||
As per the changes to the default theme and accent colors, the choices for the log-in and lock screen have differences.
|
||||
|
||||
Both of the lock screens offer a blurred view of the default wallpapers, with Ubuntu 20.04 turning out to be darker than Ubuntu 22.04.
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu 20.04 vs Ubuntu 22.04 \(Lockscreen\)][10]
|
||||
|
||||
The log in screen is entirely different in Ubuntu 22.04 with a black background, here’s how it looks:
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu 20.04 vs Ubuntu 22.04 \(Log in screen\)][11]
|
||||
|
||||
### 6\. Appearance Settings & Dark Mode Improvements
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 20.04 did feature a dark mode to keep up with modern standards. With Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, the dark mode has improved to provide you with a complete system-wide dark mode experience.
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu 20.04 vs Ubuntu 22.04 \(Appearance settings\)][12]
|
||||
|
||||
Along with the new dark mode implementation, you get to see an entire revamp for the appearance settings, giving you more options in an organized manner.
|
||||
|
||||
Furthermore, you can notice that Ubuntu 22.04 LTS no longer features the standard theme, so it’s either entirely light or dark.
|
||||
|
||||
### 7\. GNOME 42 and the horizontal layout
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 20.04 makes use of GNOME 3.36.8 to provide a stable experience without a lot of appearance tweaks.
|
||||
|
||||
But, all thanks to GNOME 42, the dark mode improvements, appearance tweaks, it’s all part of the [GNOME 42 features][13].
|
||||
|
||||
Not just the visual changes, but the entire workflow should feel a bit different with the revamped activities view, app menu, and further adjustments:
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu 20.04 vs Ubuntu 22.04 \(Activities\)][14]
|
||||
|
||||
The three finger swipe also provides a smooth and rich experience for accessing the activity overview.
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 did not implement the horizontal dock. But, it’s still a significant change to offer something different for a good user experience.
|
||||
|
||||
The application menu also looks a tad different, including the virtual desktops in the same view compared to Ubuntu 20.04.
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu 20.04 vs Ubuntu 22.04 \(App menu\)][15]
|
||||
|
||||
### 8\. Multitasking Capabilities
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 now includes a dedicated menu in the system settings to facilitate enhancements to multitasking with the use of Hot Corner, Screen Edges, Workspace tweaks, and more.
|
||||
|
||||
![][16]
|
||||
|
||||
You do not find these options with Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.
|
||||
|
||||
### 9\. Linux kernel version
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 features multiple Linux Kernel versions as per the product. Ubuntu 22.04 Desktop uses [Linux Kernel 5.17][17].
|
||||
|
||||
The desktop version also uses a rolling HWE kernel for previous-gen hardware based on Linux Kernel 5.15, to exist until the first point release.
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 server uses non-rolling Linux Kernel 5.15 LTS.
|
||||
|
||||
On the other hand, Ubuntu 20.04.4, features [Linux Kernel 5.13][18] at the time of writing this.
|
||||
|
||||
### 10\. Shrinking the Dock in Ubuntu 22.04
|
||||
|
||||
Surprisingly, you can shrink the dock on Ubuntu 22.04 to change the default look. You need to disable the “Panel” mode under the Dock settings in Appearance tweaks, as shown in the image below:
|
||||
|
||||
![][19]
|
||||
|
||||
It may not be a massive change, but some do appreciate a compact dock, instead of having the dock stick to the entire left side of the screen, ditching the Unity-type look.
|
||||
|
||||
### 11\. Screenshot tool
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS utilized GNOME’s screenshot tool to get things done. It was a simple and effective tool.
|
||||
|
||||
![][20]
|
||||
|
||||
With GNOME 42 on board, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS has the latest screenshot tool and received upgrades to its UI with a modern layout, and the ability to record the screen as well.
|
||||
|
||||
### 12\. File Manager
|
||||
|
||||
The file manager has a refreshed look/feel compared to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. Of course, the standard theme on Ubuntu 20.04 can no longer be seen with Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, so that’s a part of the visible change.
|
||||
|
||||
![][21]
|
||||
|
||||
### 13\. Software Center
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS features an improved software center that provides you more information on the software, clarifying the ratings, project details, download size, status, and more.
|
||||
|
||||
![][22]
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS did have improvements to it back then, but it is a simpler software center comparatively.
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu 22.04 LTS \(Software Center\)][23]
|
||||
|
||||
### Wrapping Up
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS is certainly a major overhaul in terms of user experience compared to Ubuntu 20.04.
|
||||
|
||||
Some changes may not be as functional as they look, so as per your preferences, it is best to evaluate your requirements if you want to switch to the latest Ubuntu 22.04 LTS or stick to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.
|
||||
|
||||
What do you think about the difference between the two LTS releases? Are the differences compelling enough for you to switch? Let me know your thoughts in the comments section below.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-20-04-vs-22-04/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-20-04-release-features/
|
||||
[2]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-22-04-release-features/
|
||||
[3]: https://itsfoss.com/long-term-support-lts/
|
||||
[4]: https://news.itsfoss.com/ubuntu-new-logo/
|
||||
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cof_orange_hex.jpg
|
||||
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/gnome-tweak-tool/
|
||||
[7]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-20-04-appearance.jpg
|
||||
[8]: https://news.itsfoss.com/ubuntu-22-04-accent-color/
|
||||
[9]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-20-04-desktop.jpg?ssl=1
|
||||
[10]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-20-04-lockscreen-1.png?ssl=1
|
||||
[11]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/login-screen.png
|
||||
[12]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-20-04-dark-mode.jpg
|
||||
[13]: https://news.itsfoss.com/gnome-42-features/
|
||||
[14]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-20-04-activities.jpg
|
||||
[15]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-20-04-application-view.jpg
|
||||
[16]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-22-04-multitasking.jpg
|
||||
[17]: https://news.itsfoss.com/linux-kernel-5-17-release/
|
||||
[18]: https://news.itsfoss.com/linux-kernel-5-13-release/
|
||||
[19]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-22-04-dock-shrink.jpg
|
||||
[20]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-20-04-screenshot.jpg
|
||||
[21]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/filemanager.jpg
|
||||
[22]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-20-04-software-center.jpg
|
||||
[23]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-22-04-software.jpg
|
||||
@ -1,346 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "Things to do After Installing Ubuntu 22.04"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-22-04/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
Things to do After Installing Ubuntu 22.04
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
_**Here is a list of simple tweaks and things to do after installing Ubuntu 22.04, to get a smoother and better experience.**_
|
||||
|
||||
I presume that you are absolutely new to Ubuntu while sharing these tips. If you are an existing Ubuntu user, some tips may sound too elementary to you. However, you’ll still find a few good tweaks that are specific to the [new Ubuntu 22.04 features][1].
|
||||
|
||||
### Things to do after installing Ubuntu 22.04 LTS “Jammy Jellyfish”
|
||||
|
||||
Again, what I recommend here is based on my experience and preference. Yours could be different from mine. Skim around and see if you get some interesting and useful advice.
|
||||
|
||||
Another thing. Most of the suggestions are for the default GNOME desktop environment. If you are using the default Ubuntu, you should be good. If you have doubt, please [check the Ubuntu version][2] and [desktop environment you are using][3].
|
||||
|
||||
Let’s see them one by one.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1\. Getting your system ready with updates and repositories
|
||||
|
||||
The first thing you should do after installing Ubuntu is to update it. Linux works on a local database of available packages and it needs to be synced for you to be able to install any software.
|
||||
|
||||
It is straightforward to [update Ubuntu][4]. You can run the software updater from the menu (press the Windows key and search for software updater):
|
||||
|
||||
![][5]
|
||||
|
||||
Now, make sure that you have [universe and multiverse repositories enabled][6]. These repositories should be enabled already, but no harm in verifying that. You’ll have access to a lot more software with these repositories.
|
||||
|
||||
Search for Software & Updates in the menu:
|
||||
|
||||
![][7]
|
||||
|
||||
Check the boxes in front of the repositories:
|
||||
|
||||
![][8]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2\. Install media codecs to play various kinds of media files
|
||||
|
||||
To play media files like MP3, MPEG4, AVI, etc, you’ll need to install media codecs. Ubuntu doesn’t install it by default because of copyright issues in various countries.
|
||||
|
||||
You can install these media codecs as an individual [using the Ubuntu Restricted Extra package][9]. It installs media codecs and [Microsoft True Type Fonts on your Ubuntu system][10].
|
||||
|
||||
You can install it by using this command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you encounter the EULA or the license screen, remember to use the tab key to select between the options and then hit enter to confirm your choice.
|
||||
|
||||
![Press tab to select OK and press enter][11]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3\. Install applications of your choice from the software center or the web
|
||||
|
||||
A fresh installed Ubuntu system will have only a limited set of necessary applications installed.
|
||||
|
||||
For the rest, you can find them in the software center, through the apt package manager, or get them from their official websites.
|
||||
|
||||
Look into the software center first and see if the application is available here.
|
||||
|
||||
![][12]
|
||||
|
||||
Some applications provide an easy-to-use DEB file on their website. For example, to [install Google Chrome on Ubuntu][13], you can download it from its official website.
|
||||
|
||||
Usually, you double-click on the deb file and install the application using the software center. If it opens the deb file in archive manager, [use this trick][14] to make it work.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4\. Enjoy gaming on Linux with Steam Proton
|
||||
|
||||
There are plenty of tools that allow you to play games on Linux. Steam is perhaps the most convenient, mainstream way of getting thousands of games.
|
||||
|
||||
[Install Steam on Ubuntu][15] and [enable Steam Play][16]. You should have access to a good set of games, provided your system has enough hardware configuration to run all kinds of games.
|
||||
|
||||
Needs some suggestions? Check this list of [indie games for Linux users][17].
|
||||
|
||||
#### 5\. Get familiar with auto-updates
|
||||
|
||||
Your Ubuntu system automatically checks for system updates and installs them automatically when needed.
|
||||
|
||||
This check happens when your system starts. If you try to perform a system update or install an application at this time, you’ll see a warning or message to wait.
|
||||
|
||||
You can control the auto-updates behavior if you like.
|
||||
|
||||
![][18]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6\. Give your Ubuntu a different color
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 gives you the ability to choose a different color than the usual orange. There are nine other colors to choose from. From the Settings-Appearance, select the color you want and it will give change the accent color of your system.
|
||||
|
||||
![][19]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 7\. Get familiar with the new screenshot tool
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 has a new screenshot tool that also includes the screencast (video recording of desktop) option.
|
||||
|
||||
When you press the Print Screen button to take the screenshot, it opens the UI and gives you the option to take the screenshot of the selected area, entire screen, or current application window. The screenshots are copied to the clipboard and saved to the Screenshots folder under the Pictures directory.
|
||||
|
||||
![][20]
|
||||
|
||||
You can also record the screen with the screencast option available in the same interface (click the video camera icon). It lets you record the entire screen and works very well under Wayland.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 8\. Experiment with the dock
|
||||
|
||||
Go to the Appearance Settings and you’ll see the option for disabling Panel mode.
|
||||
|
||||
![][21]
|
||||
|
||||
This will shrink the launcher on the left side and make it look like the Vanilla GNOME launcher. You should use it with ‘auto-hide’ option for better experience.
|
||||
|
||||
You may [move the launcher to the bottom][22] or the right side if you like. There are plenty of [ways to customize the dock in Ubuntu][23].
|
||||
|
||||
#### 9\. Get GNOME Tweaks tool for additional customization
|
||||
|
||||
Though the system settings application now includes several new options, [GNOME Tweaks still provides additional customization options][24].
|
||||
|
||||
With GNOME Tweaks, you can move the windows control button on the left, change themes, change the lock screen background, etc. More on its usage later. For the moment, just get this tool from the software center or use the apt command.
|
||||
|
||||
![][25]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 10\. Minimize to click
|
||||
|
||||
When you click an icon in the launcher, it opens the application. You click the icon again and nothing happens.
|
||||
|
||||
I don’t like this. I prefer that when I click on the icon of an application in focus, it gets minimized.
|
||||
|
||||
If you share the same preference, use this command in the terminal to [enable minimize on click in Ubuntu][26]:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock click-action 'minimize'
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 11\. Get familiar with the terminal
|
||||
|
||||
![][27]
|
||||
|
||||
Speaking of the terminal, please don’t be too scared of this awesome tool. I know that the command line gives cold feet to many new Linux users. However, knowing a little could help you big in long run.
|
||||
|
||||
I am not going to teach you the basics of the Linux command line here. Though I have written a pretty good post that tells you several [useful information on using the terminal in Ubuntu][28]. You should read the article even if you can use the terminal every now and then.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 12\. Few tweaks for laptop users
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using Ubuntu 22.04 on a laptop, here are a few tips on improving your performance and getting rid of annoyances.
|
||||
|
||||
You’ll notice that you have to press the left touchpad button for the left mouse button action. This is annoying. Enable the tap for click option and just tap the touchpad anywhere to get the left mouse click.
|
||||
|
||||
![][29]
|
||||
|
||||
From the Power settings, **enable the battery percentage display** to keep a track of the remaining battery on your laptop.
|
||||
|
||||
![][30]
|
||||
|
||||
Since you’ll be using your system on battery power, **choose an appropriate power profile** under the Power settings.
|
||||
|
||||
![][31]
|
||||
|
||||
This is perhaps not entirely for laptop users. By default, Ubuntu locks the screen after 5 minutes of inactivity and puts the system in suspend mode after 20 minutes of activity.
|
||||
|
||||
I don’t like entering my password so frequently. I **prefer to lock the screen at my convenience**. If you share the same feeling, you can also disable this behavior.
|
||||
|
||||
![][32]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 13\. Disable characters from GNOME search
|
||||
|
||||
The GNOME Search is an excellent tool for finding installed applications, files, etc. However, you’ll notice that it often shows matching ‘characters’.
|
||||
|
||||
![Emojis Desktop Search Ubuntu][33]
|
||||
|
||||
Actually, your Ubuntu system has built-in emoji support. Apart from the regular emoticons, the system also has support for letters in various languages like Thai, Latin, Vietnamese, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
When you search for something, the term could also match these special characters. Click on it and it gets copied to the clipboard and you can paste them wherever you want.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are not going to use this feature, you should disable the characters’ search.
|
||||
|
||||
![][34]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 14\. Use the night light feature to reduce eye strain at night
|
||||
|
||||
My favorite feature and I am glad it now works in the multi-monitor settings as well.
|
||||
|
||||
[Enable the night light feature][35] so that it adds a yellow tint to the screen which is less pinching than the white light at night.
|
||||
|
||||
Go to Settings -> Displays, switch to Night Light tab, and enable it. You can also set the ‘yellowness’ as per your liking.
|
||||
|
||||
![][36]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 15\. Enable fractional scaling if you’ve got a 4K screen
|
||||
|
||||
If you have a 2K or 4K screen, you’ll find that the icons, fonts and folders look too small. You should enable the fractional scaling and scale the size that suits your preference.
|
||||
|
||||
![][37]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 16\. Know that you have the option to go back to Xorg
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 defaults to Wayland once again if you don’t have an Nvidia system. Wayland is the modern replacement of the legacy x server and it works very well with the newer GNOME components.
|
||||
|
||||
However, some older applications may not work properly under Wayland. For example, most screen recording tools don’t support Wayland yet.
|
||||
|
||||
If you encounter such a situation where a must-use application doesn’t work in Wayland, log out from the session and click on the gear icon in the bottom right to [switch to the X display session][38].
|
||||
|
||||
#### 17\. Classic GNOME is still available
|
||||
|
||||
Speaking of options, you can also access the classic GNOME. If you are not aware, the classic GNOME or GNOME version 2 was a popular desktop choice before GNOME 3 arrived with radical new changes around 2011.
|
||||
|
||||
GNOME 2 gave birth to the Cinnamon and MATE desktop environment because its die-hard users just didn’t want to give up on the classic interface. Perhaps that’s the reason why GNOME Classic has always been a part of Ubuntu even though it moved to Unity and (modern) GNOME.
|
||||
|
||||
Though it says classic, it doesn’t look as dated as it was in 2010.
|
||||
|
||||
![GNOME Classic][39]
|
||||
|
||||
When you log out of the system, click on the user name and you should see a gear symbol at the bottom. Click on it and you should see the classic GNOME option here.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 18\. Know about cleaning your system
|
||||
|
||||
The classic apt autoremove command is a good way to remove packages that are not required anymore.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt autoremove
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
I think it is also part of the software updater tool now meaning it runs the autoremove command after running updates or so I have noticed.
|
||||
|
||||
Apart from that, there are a [few more ways to clean up your Ubuntu system][40]. GUI tools like Stacer are now available in the repositories and you may use them to clean your system without going into the command line.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 19\. Master the keyboard shortcuts
|
||||
|
||||
I am not asking you to ditch the mouse altogether but trust me on this using the keyboard shortcut saves plenty of time.
|
||||
|
||||
From the application switcher to opening the terminal, things feel a lot faster with the correct shortcuts at your finger.
|
||||
|
||||
![keyboard switching with key shortcut in Ubuntu][41]
|
||||
|
||||
I have an entire article dedicated to [keyboard shortcuts in Ubuntu][42]. Feel free to check that out.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 20\. Use the ‘do not disturb mode to focus on work
|
||||
|
||||
There are plenty of productivity tools available for Ubuntu but this little hack is my favorite.
|
||||
|
||||
When I am working on something that requires my complete focus, like writing this article, I enable the Do Not Disturb mode.
|
||||
|
||||
![][43]
|
||||
|
||||
With that, the notifications from messaging services stop appearing on the screen and I don’t get distracted. Once I am back to relaxed working, I disable it again.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 21\. Get back the original Firefox or go for some other browser
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 22.04 Jammy Jellyfish comes with the Snap version of Firefox. It takes longer to start and forces you to log in to the accounts again and again.
|
||||
|
||||
Try the Snap version of Firefox first. If it works for you, good. If not and you feel fed up with the Firefox experience, you have two options:
|
||||
|
||||
* Switch to another browser like Brave, Vivaldi, LibreWolf, etc
|
||||
* Switch to Firefox ESR or a non-Snap version of Firefox
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Firefox ESR (extended support release) doesn’t come with the latest feature like the regular Firefox but it is maintained for security and stability fixes.
|
||||
|
||||
There are a couple of ways of [getting the non-Snap version of Firefox][44] as described by Jim at Ubuntu Handbook. However, it is slightly more complicated than just adding a PPA.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 22\. Get missing Windows back if you use a dual boot system
|
||||
|
||||
During the early testing of Ubuntu 22.04, I noticed a known bug that came with the new Grub 2.6. It had disabled the os-prober by default. This means that Grub won’t check for the presence of other operating systems. In other words, it won’t see Windows (or other Linux distributions) if you opted for a dual boot system.
|
||||
|
||||
Now, I haven’t checked if this issue has been fixed or not but if you face this issue with your dual boot system, then edit the /etc/default/grub file to add GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false to this file. Save this file, [update grub][45] and Grub should see other operating systems now.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Where to go from here?
|
||||
|
||||
![][46]
|
||||
|
||||
Honestly, you could do a lot more even after you have done all the points I mentioned in this list here. There is no end to things you could do after installing Ubuntu 22.04.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are new, there is plenty to explore. If you are an experienced one, you could still spend considerable time tweaking and setting up your system as per your liking.
|
||||
|
||||
It all comes down to personal preference. Some people would just do some basic changes and go on with using the operating system. Some folks would spend hours setting everything to perfection.
|
||||
|
||||
Now that I have finished my recommendations, I would like your views. Did you find some useful tips here? What other usual stuff do you do after installing Ubuntu?
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-22-04/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-22-04-release-features/
|
||||
[2]: https://itsfoss.com/how-to-know-ubuntu-unity-version/
|
||||
[3]: https://itsfoss.com/find-desktop-environment/
|
||||
[4]: https://itsfoss.com/update-ubuntu/
|
||||
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/software-updater-ubuntu-22-04.jpg
|
||||
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-repositories/
|
||||
[7]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/software-and-updates-tool.jpg
|
||||
[8]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/enable-additional-repo-ubuntu-22-04.jpg
|
||||
[9]: https://itsfoss.com/install-media-codecs-ubuntu/
|
||||
[10]: https://itsfoss.com/install-microsoft-fonts-ubuntu/
|
||||
[11]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/installing_ubuntu_restricted_extras.jpg
|
||||
[12]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-software-center-22-04-800x539.png
|
||||
[13]: https://itsfoss.com/install-chrome-ubuntu/
|
||||
[14]: https://itsfoss.com/cant-install-deb-file-ubuntu/
|
||||
[15]: https://itsfoss.com/install-steam-ubuntu-linux/
|
||||
[16]: https://itsfoss.com/steam-play/
|
||||
[17]: https://itsfoss.com/best-indie-rpg-games-linux/
|
||||
[18]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/auto-updates-ubuntu-800x361.png
|
||||
[19]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/ubuntu-22-04-appearance-settings.png
|
||||
[20]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/ubuntu-22-04-screenshot-ui.jpg
|
||||
[21]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/panel-mode-ubuntu-22-800x529.png
|
||||
[22]: https://itsfoss.com/move-unity-launcher-bottom/
|
||||
[23]: https://itsfoss.com/customize-ubuntu-dock/
|
||||
[24]: https://itsfoss.com/gnome-tweak-tool/
|
||||
[25]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/gnome-tweaks-tool-ubuntu-20-04-800x551.png
|
||||
[26]: https://itsfoss.com/click-to-minimize-ubuntu/
|
||||
[27]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/linux-terminal-introduction.png
|
||||
[28]: https://itsfoss.com/basic-terminal-tips-ubuntu/
|
||||
[29]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/tap-to-click-ubuntu-22-800x483.png
|
||||
[30]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/show-battery-percentage-ubuntu-22-800x489.png
|
||||
[31]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-22-04-new-power-profile-800x489.png
|
||||
[32]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Power-Settings-in-Ubuntu.jpg
|
||||
[33]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/emojis-desktop-search-ubuntu.jpg
|
||||
[34]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/search-settings-control-ubuntu-800x534.png
|
||||
[35]: https://itsfoss.com/night-shift-flux-ubuntu-linux/
|
||||
[36]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/nightlight-ubuntu-20-04.png
|
||||
[37]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fractional-scaling-in-ubuntu-22-04-800x674.png
|
||||
[38]: https://itsfoss.com/switch-xorg-wayland/
|
||||
[39]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/gnome-classic-ubuntu-22-800x450.png
|
||||
[40]: https://itsfoss.com/free-up-space-ubuntu-linux/
|
||||
[41]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/keyboard-switch-shortcut-ubuntu.jpeg
|
||||
[42]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-shortcuts/
|
||||
[43]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/don-not-disturb-ubuntu-22.jpg
|
||||
[44]: https://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2022/04/install-firefox-deb-ubuntu-22-04/
|
||||
[45]: https://itsfoss.com/update-grub/
|
||||
[46]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/ubuntu-22-04-neofetch-lolcat-800x445.png
|
||||
@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "Following Musk’s Acquisition Of Twitter, An Open Source Alternative Is Exploding"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://www.opensourceforu.com/2022/04/following-musks-acquisition-of-twitter-an-open-source-alternative-is-exploding/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Laveesh Kocher https://www.opensourceforu.com/author/laveesh-kocher/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
Following Musk’s Acquisition Of Twitter, An Open Source Alternative Is Exploding
|
||||
======
|
||||
![220405-ROB-Elon-Musk-Twitter-jg-af752e][1]
|
||||
|
||||
Although we don’t yet know what Elon Musk’s acquisition of Twitter means for the platform, one Twitter alternative is already thriving as a result of the news. According to [Mastodon’s][2] founder, the open source social media platform that describes itself as the “biggest decentralised social network on the internet” has been “exploding” since Musk’s takeover.
|
||||
|
||||
Employees and users have been shaken by the news of Twitter’s purchase, since Musk has stated that he intends to take a much more hands-off approach to content management. As is customary when Twitter makes a contentious move, some users have vowed to abandon the platform, while opponents have pushed the hashtag #RIPTWITTER to the top of the search results.
|
||||
|
||||
In this scenario, at least some angry users appear to be considering Mastodon as a possible replacement. Mastodon says it experienced “an influx of approx. 41,287 users” hours after the Twitter takeover was revealed. In a blog post, Mastodon founder Eugen Rochko stated that roughly 30,000 of those were new users.
|
||||
|
||||
According to data from analytics firm Sensor Tower, Mastodon’s official iOS and Android apps are also witnessing an increase in usage. According to the company, the apps have been downloaded 5,000 times since Monday, “or about 10% of its lifetime total” downloads. On the App Store’s social media app charts, the app is presently placed No. 32.
|
||||
|
||||
This isn’t the first time Mastodon has benefited from Twitter’s problems. Following controversy over Twitter’s decision to remove user handles from the character restriction for @-replies, the startup gained popularity for a brief while in 2017. (back when Twitter changed its product so infrequently even mundane changes were fodder for mass outrage). Mastodon had another surge in popularity in 2019, after users in India were enraged by moderation practises.
|
||||
|
||||
Mastodon had previously been mentioned as a possible Twitter alternative, although it has yet to gain traction in the public. However, its current popularity coincides with Twitter’s exploration of how it could become an open-source protocol, similar to Mastodon.
|
||||
|
||||
Mastodon, unlike Twitter, is not a single, centralised service. Though the interface resembles Twitter (it has a 500-character restriction but is otherwise very similar to Twitter), it is based on an open-source protocol. Users can form and maintain their own “instances,” each with its own set of rules for membership, moderation, and other critical policies. Users can also take their followers with them from one instance to the next.
|
||||
|
||||
Mastodon has its own instances, mastodon.social and mastodon.online, although Rochko claims that these are overburdened and recommends that new users sign up using the official applications and join other Mastodon communities. Mastodon also makes its code available on GitHub because it’s open source, something Musk has praised when it comes to Twitter’s algorithms.
|
||||
|
||||
All of this adds to the difficulty for new users who may not be familiar with Mastodon’s structure or how it functions. Those who stay long enough may notice some important new features. End-to-end encrypted communications is in the works, as is “very amazing groups functionality,” according to Rochko.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.opensourceforu.com/2022/04/following-musks-acquisition-of-twitter-an-open-source-alternative-is-exploding/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Laveesh Kocher][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.opensourceforu.com/author/laveesh-kocher/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://www.opensourceforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/220405-ROB-Elon-Musk-Twitter-jg-af752e-696x348.jpg
|
||||
[2]: https://joinmastodon.org/communities
|
||||
@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "Trinity Desktop Environment (TDE) Latest Release Brings PolicyKit Support and Updates"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/tde-release-r14-0-12/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
Trinity Desktop Environment (TDE) Latest Release Brings PolicyKit Support and Updates
|
||||
======
|
||||
Trinity Desktop Environment (TDE) brings the latest application updates, bug fixes, and enhancements to its release Trinity R14.0.12.
|
||||
|
||||
Trinity Desktop Environment is a Fork of KDE version 3.5 and a continuation of feature updates and bug fixes by a small development team. This independent and standalone desktop project is still alive today for those who believe how excellent the KDE 3 desktop methodology is.
|
||||
|
||||
Trinity Desktop Environment release R14.0.12 brings new applications, enhancements and significant bug fixes.
|
||||
|
||||
[TDE release R14.0.12][1] is the 12th maintenance release of the R14.0 series built upon its previous iteration released in Oct 2021. This release brings new applications, 10+ enhancements, bug fixes and support for the latest [Ubuntu 22.04 Jammy Jellyfish][2] and other distributions.
|
||||
|
||||
![Trinity Desktop Environment – TDE release R14.0.12][3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Trinity Desktop Environment – TDE release R14.0.12
|
||||
|
||||
Firstly, TDE R14.0.12 introduces Polkit-agent-tde and Polkit-tqt, which helps with the PolicyKit authentication triggered by the TQt interfaces. That means, when required, the admin password prompt is now invoked via PolicyKit for authentication. Also, a new embeddable lightweight markdown document viewer is introduced in this release.
|
||||
|
||||
Secondly, the list of enhancements includes the Konsole applications improvements, support for complex characters and HTML5 in Quanta (web dev editor), and support for Let’s Encrypt certificates. Not only that, TDE’s overall look is improved in addition to translation updates, and support for Python3 are some of the exciting enhancements in this release.
|
||||
|
||||
Moreover, on the building aspect, several packages migrated to the CMake build system while automake build system dropped for others.
|
||||
|
||||
Other than that, the application bug fixes include, Kaffeine seeing a fix on the libdvdcss codec detection in its player module, Amarok fixing errors for the latest Ruby programming language, and KMail correcting the email redirection to the default account.
|
||||
|
||||
Among all, other notable core bug fixes include a timeout fix in dbus service startup and a system hang fix during the shutdown.
|
||||
|
||||
Furthermore, following the other Linux distribution’s latest releases, TDE R14.0.12 introduces Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish support, dropped support for Debian Jessie and improvements for Gentoo.
|
||||
|
||||
All of these changes with some additional updates for developers who build applications for this KDE 3.5 tech can be found in the official changelog of TDE R14.0.12 on this [page][4].
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, you should be happy to know that Good ol’ Trinity Desktop Environment is available for all mainstream Linux Distribution for installation, including Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch Linux, etc. A list of installation instructions is available [here][5].
|
||||
|
||||
#### Installing TDE in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
|
||||
|
||||
Open a terminal and run the following commands in sequence to install this desktop environment. Also, make sure to log off after completion and choose TDE from the login. While installing, the installer would prompt you to choose the display manager. Choose the option gdm (GNOME Display Manager).
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Add the following line and save the file.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
deb http://mirror.ppa.trinitydesktop.org/trinity/deb/trinity-sb jammy deps-r14 main-r14deb-src http://mirror.ppa.trinitydesktop.org/trinity/deb/trinity-sb jammy deps-r14 main-r14
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wget http://mirror.ppa.trinitydesktop.org/trinity/deb/trinity-keyring.debsudo dpkg -i trinity-keyring.debsudo apt updatesudo apt install kubuntu-default-settings-trinity kubuntu-desktop-trinity
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Video walkthrough of this release
|
||||
|
||||
Here’s a quick video we prepared for you of this release. Don’t forget to subscribe to us!
|
||||
|
||||
![Trinity Desktop Environment TDE R14 0 12 Walkthrough Video][6]
|
||||
|
||||
As always, make sure to check out the official [contribution][7] page to help the dev team with your expertise and capacity.
|
||||
|
||||
*Via Release announcement*
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/tde-release-r14-0-12/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arindam][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://wiki.trinitydesktop.org/Release_Notes_For_R14.0.12
|
||||
[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/ubuntu-studio-22-04-lts/
|
||||
[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Trinity-Desktop-Environment-TDE-release-R14.0.12.jpg
|
||||
[4]: https://wiki.trinitydesktop.org/Release_Notes_For_R14.0.12
|
||||
[5]: https://wiki.trinitydesktop.org/Category:Installation
|
||||
[6]: https://youtu.be/qoGylRyAJEo
|
||||
[7]: https://www.trinitydesktop.org/helpwanted.php
|
||||
@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "Tails 5 Review: A Perfect Privacy-Focused Linux"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/tails-5-review/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
Tails 5 Review: A Perfect Privacy-Focused Linux
|
||||
======
|
||||
Here’s a quick review of Debian-based Tails 5, released a while back, refreshing its core modules with Debian 11 Bullseye.
|
||||
|
||||
Before we jump into the review of Tails 5, it’s worth mentioning what Tails are about. Tails, aka The Amnesic Incognito Live System, is a [privacy-focussed Linux Distribution][1] which uses the Tor network to protect you while browsing the web. Tails are based on Debian stable branch and come with many goodies such as an IRC client, Tor browser, email clients, and messengers to help you roam around on the web anonymously.
|
||||
|
||||
![Tails 5 Desktop Running GNOME 3.38][2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Tails 5 Review
|
||||
|
||||
#### ISO, Installation
|
||||
|
||||
Tails are available as a complete installation ISO image with an additional image capable of running from the USB drive itself. If you plan to use Tails, you should first think about your primary purpose for using Tails. And choose the ISO you want.
|
||||
|
||||
I would recommend that everyone be ready with a Tails USB stick. It’s handy on many occasions. For example, if you want to be anonymous for a short time and travel with public Wi-Fi, you might want to create a bootable Thumb drive to carry.
|
||||
|
||||
Both images are around 1.2GB in size and are available for download from the official website.
|
||||
|
||||
Installation of Tails is a little different, and you can find the guide [here][3].
|
||||
|
||||
#### First Impression
|
||||
|
||||
The first-time boot of Tails asks you to confirm the keyboard layout and language and followed by connecting to the Tor network. If you are not familiar with the Tor network, it gives two easy options. The Easier option is recommended for all users as it takes care of connecting to the Tor network with bridge setup, etc. You can also choose the “safer” option if you know what the options mean.
|
||||
|
||||
Once you complete the setup, you get a nice and clean GNOME Desktop environment which comes as default with Tails with additional applications. The GNOME version for Tails 5 is GNOME 3.38.6 stable which is the pre-GNOME 40 desktop with the traditional application menu with a vertical dock and workspaces.
|
||||
|
||||
You don’t need anything fancy desktop while using Tails for some critical work. GNOME 3.38x does just fine and it’s fast.
|
||||
|
||||
![Tails Welcome Screen][4]
|
||||
|
||||
![Tails 5 – Initial Tor Setup][5]
|
||||
|
||||
#### Tor Network and Application Updates
|
||||
|
||||
At its core, Tails 5 is based on [Debian 11 Bullseye][6](which is the current stable version) and [Linux Kernel 5.10][7].
|
||||
|
||||
The application list of Tails is mostly curated for privacy oriented work. The Tails application list includes the Tor Browser, Tor Connection Manager, and Onion Circuits Manager. During my test, the Tor network connected properly without any problem.
|
||||
|
||||
In addition to that, this release introduces Kleopatra (replaces Seahorse) which is a Certification manager to GnuPG and helps to manage OpenPGP certificates and keys.
|
||||
|
||||
One of the essential features of Tails is the persistance storage configuration which is required if you use Tails via a USB stick. Tails 5 imprves the Persistance Storage option to make it more faster and rubust in nature.
|
||||
|
||||
Furthermore, the application stack in Tails 5.0 refreshed with their respective stable version according to Debian Bullseye listed below.
|
||||
|
||||
* Tor Browser 11.0.11
|
||||
* GNOME 3.38.6
|
||||
* MAT 0.12
|
||||
* Audacity 2.4.2
|
||||
* GNOME Disks 3.38
|
||||
* GIMP 2.10.22
|
||||
* Inkscape 1.0
|
||||
* LibreOffice 7.0
|
||||
|
||||
Tails packages all necessary applications to help with your purpose of anonymity, and those are acihved by its specific applications as listed here.
|
||||
|
||||
* Password manager – KeePassXC
|
||||
* Pidgin Internet messenger
|
||||
* Thunderbird Email Client
|
||||
* Tor Browser and Connection Manager
|
||||
* Onion Circuit manager
|
||||
* Application for configuring Persistance Storage
|
||||
* GtkHash checks for files
|
||||
* Root Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
A tool called Additional Software that Tails includes; it helps run the different applications from the local media instead of downloading them after each boot.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Performance
|
||||
|
||||
The performance of Tails is stable and depends on GNOME Desktop. During my test, it behaved well, no major surprises of problems. Overall desktop feel is faster considering it is still GNOME 3.38 version.
|
||||
|
||||
So, during the performance test at idle, it was consuming around 4% CPU on average and memory is at 1.6 GB. It may be a little higher for an idle state, but being a privacy-focused distro, background processes, and daemon running contributed to this metric.
|
||||
|
||||
Also, the network histroy shows a continuous packaet traction at an idle state which I believe is due to some daemon running continuously.
|
||||
|
||||
![Tails 5 Performance shows continuous network ping][8]
|
||||
|
||||
### Closing Notes
|
||||
|
||||
Privacy is more important than ever today. And Tails is the best Linux distro for privacy-focused people out there. With the solid Debian stable base, GNOME desktop and [robust documentation,][9] Tails is a “go-to” distro for security researchers and advanced users. Moreover, the Tails team did an excellent job with its nicely crafted documentation which takes care of most of the problems you may face while using it. With that said, if you want to try out Tails 5, visit [this page for download][10] and read the installation [guide][11].
|
||||
|
||||
A word of caution: While using Tails, try not to visit banks or financial websites or make any transactions requiring 2FA authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/tails-5-review/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arindam][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/privacy-linux-distributions-2022/
|
||||
[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Tails-5-Desktop-Running-GNOME-3.38.jpg
|
||||
[3]: https://tails.boum.org/install/linux/index.en.html
|
||||
[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Tails-Welcome-Screen.jpg
|
||||
[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Tails-5-Initial-Tor-Setup.jpg
|
||||
[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/05/debian-11-features/
|
||||
[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2020/12/linux-kernel-5-10-release-announcement/
|
||||
[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Tails-5-Performance-shows-continuous-network-ping.jpg
|
||||
[9]: https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html
|
||||
[10]: https://tails.boum.org/install/index.en.html
|
||||
[11]: https://tails.boum.org/install/linux/index.en.html
|
||||
@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "KDE Plasma 5.25: Top New Features and Release Details"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/kde-plasma-5-25"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
KDE Plasma 5.25: Top New Features and Release Details
|
||||
======
|
||||
We will give you the feature summary of the KDE Plasma 5.25 desktop environment (upcoming).
|
||||
|
||||
KDE Plasma 5.25 is the 27th version of KDE Plasma desktop, not an LTS release. This release is followed by the prior [5.24 LTS][1], released in February. KDE Plasma 5.25 brings several exciting updates on the desktop UI, polished applets, widgets, a good set of gesture updates for touch-based devices and a massive list of bug fixes. Plasma 5.25 is based on Qt 5.15.2 and KDE Frameworks 5.94.
|
||||
|
||||
KDE Plasma releases on June 14, 2022, but before that following milestones are to be met:
|
||||
|
||||
* Soft feature freeze: May 5, 2022 (Completed)
|
||||
* Beta: May 19, 2022
|
||||
* Final release: June 14, 2022
|
||||
|
||||
The list of bug fixes and features is around 400+, and it’s challenging to cover them in a single article. We filtered out in this article some of the essential and visual changes which are more impactful straightaway to the general user base.
|
||||
|
||||
### KDE Plasma 5.25 – Top New Features
|
||||
|
||||
#### Plasma Workspace & Desktop
|
||||
|
||||
Perhaps the most important visual change in KDE Plasma 5.25 is accent colour change based on the Wallpaper. As reported earlier, this change gives the final touch to the entire accent colour functionality and makes it complete with dynamic colour, custom colour and pre-sets. The option is available in the Appearance module. ([MR#1325)][2]
|
||||
|
||||
![KDE Plasma 5.25 – Accent Colour Change Based on the wallpaper][3]
|
||||
|
||||
In addition, the accent colour change to the title bar was [also implemented][4] in the Breeze Classic theme and made it more consistent across the desktop.
|
||||
|
||||
Another exciting change that KDE Plasma 5.25 brings is an option for Themes to make the Panel float. When selected, the Panel detaches itself from the bottom of the screen with rounded corners and gives a floating feeling. The option is available in the additional settings in Edit Panel mode. Here’s how it looks. ([MR#714)][5]
|
||||
|
||||
In addition to that, the power profiles menu in the system tray now has [icons][6] with their names in the [tooltip][7].
|
||||
|
||||
The login and logout screen see a [small UI change][8] to display avatar and profile name with longer user names.
|
||||
|
||||
Also, the spacing between the avatar icon and name with the logout screen action buttons is [increased][9] to give a more consistent look.
|
||||
|
||||
A fix was made to the Plasma Desktop to prevent widgets from [retaining position][10]when resolution changes back from fullscreen gaming. The widgets remember their position for respective resolutions.
|
||||
|
||||
The plasma Workspace module [reverts][11]to the lock screen behaviour on mouse move, which was removed accidentally earlier.
|
||||
|
||||
The Digital Clock “Copy to Clipboard” menu is now [more clean][12] with the removal of duplicate items and separate entries when seconds are enabled.
|
||||
|
||||
#### KWin Updates
|
||||
|
||||
KWin introduces an [option to hide][13] minimised windows in KDE Plasma 5.25. In addition to that, the desktop grid effect is [completely replaced][14] with the QML Version.
|
||||
|
||||
Furthermore, it is now possible to switch between display specific resolutions which are not visible to the operating system in Wayland. The change adds [libxcvt][15] dependency in Kwin, and details of this change can be found [here][16].
|
||||
|
||||
With this release, the switching between the dark and light mode is more smooth and animated thanks to this [MR][17], inspired by GNOME. It was not smooth earlier and now looks more professional behaviour.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Changes in Discover
|
||||
|
||||
The application page of Discover is now complete with [more focused details][18] at the top with Application metadata and images. The spacing of the app name, ratings and developer with the image at the header section with the summary in the middle. And rest at the bottom. Here’s a side by side comparison of the earlier version with 5.25.
|
||||
|
||||
One tiny yet impactful change in Discover related to Flatpak apps. Discover now [shows][19] a message with an action button to clean Flatpak data for uninstalled apps.
|
||||
|
||||
Moreover, Discover now [shows the required permissions][20]of the Flatpak applications before you install them. In addition, if you are planning to install proprietary software, you get a warning message saying the potential consequences of using those (such as Microsoft Teams).
|
||||
|
||||
#### Application and Applet Changes
|
||||
|
||||
The System Monitor (KSystemStats) shows new [information about your window system][21] whether you are running X11 or Wayland. This should also display on the overview screen of the KSysGuard.
|
||||
|
||||
The Open With Dialog of XGD Portal sees a [complete UI rework][22]. The top section label is merged into one single information line for better clarity. Also, the search field is now visible for all modes, and the Show More button is moved up beside Search with better clarity. You can look at the below image (Credit KDE Team) for this change.
|
||||
|
||||
The Plasma Applet for NetworkManager now [shows][23] the WiFi frequency connection nection details to help distinguish which frequency you are connected to in the same SSID (same Wi-Fi Router). It’s really helpful if both the band have the same Wifi Accent point name and you cannot distinguish between 4G or 5G.
|
||||
|
||||
The cuttlefish icon viewer now helps you [open the file path via the file manager][24] directly of the selected icon.
|
||||
|
||||
Plasma desktop now gives a [more organised view][25]in “Recent Documents” with the ability to show “non-file” items such as RDP or remote connections.
|
||||
|
||||
Moreover, the spell checker module in KRunner now [detects][26] the search language and gives you results.
|
||||
|
||||
When you run into an error, the KInfocenter now gives you [more information][27] about the error. The new design gives you what is the error, why it happened, whether you can fix it by yourself and how to report it to the devs. This is a nifty change that has a more significant impact. Here’s a side by side view of the change.
|
||||
|
||||
### Closing Notes
|
||||
|
||||
Along with the above changes, this release improves several gestures for touch devices and a massive list of performance and bug fixes (counting 150+), which will enhance the KDE Plasma 5.25 experience for all of its users.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to give a hand on testing, read the [contribution guide][28], and you can try the [unstable edition of KDE Neon][29] until the BETA release.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/kde-plasma-5-25
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arindam][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/03/kde-plasma-5-24-review/
|
||||
[2]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-workspace/-/merge_requests/1325
|
||||
[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/KDE-Plasma-5.25-Accent-Colour-Change-Based-on-wallpaper-1024x611.jpg
|
||||
[4]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/breeze/-/merge_requests/182
|
||||
[5]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-desktop/-/merge_requests/714
|
||||
[6]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-workspace/-/merge_requests/1585
|
||||
[7]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-workspace/-/merge_requests/1668
|
||||
[8]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-workspace/-/merge_requests/1654
|
||||
[9]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-workspace/-/merge_requests/1647
|
||||
[10]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-desktop/-/merge_requests/608
|
||||
[11]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-workspace/-/merge_requests/1707
|
||||
[12]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-workspace/-/merge_requests/1693
|
||||
[13]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/kwin/-/merge_requests/2341
|
||||
[14]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/kwin/-/merge_requests/2327
|
||||
[15]: https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxcvt
|
||||
[16]: https://bugs.kde.org/448398
|
||||
[17]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/kwin/-/merge_requests/2088
|
||||
[18]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/discover/-/merge_requests/246
|
||||
[19]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/discover/-/merge_requests/297
|
||||
[20]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/discover/-/merge_requests/282
|
||||
[21]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/ksystemstats/-/merge_requests/34
|
||||
[22]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/xdg-desktop-portal-kde/-/merge_requests/94
|
||||
[23]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-nm/-/merge_requests/112
|
||||
[24]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-sdk/-/merge_requests/32
|
||||
[25]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-desktop/-/merge_requests/551
|
||||
[26]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/kdeplasma-addons/-/merge_requests/122
|
||||
[27]: https://invent.kde.org/plasma/kinfocenter/-/merge_requests/90
|
||||
[28]: https://community.kde.org/Get_Involved
|
||||
[29]: https://neon.kde.org/download
|
||||
@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "10 Best Features of Fedora 36 That Makes it a Powerful Release"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/fedora-36-features/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
10 Best Features of Fedora 36 That Makes it a Powerful Release
|
||||
======
|
||||
If you are excited about the Fedora 36 release, here’s a quick summary of the 10 best Fedora 36 features that you should check out before trying.
|
||||
|
||||
![Fedora 36 Workstation Desktop][1]
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 36 releases on May 10, 2022, and it brings a list of special features across the desktop, flavours, internal structures and more. Before installing or upgrading it, you should know about the unique features. Here they are.
|
||||
|
||||
### Best Fedora 36 Features
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1. GNOME 42 as Default Workstation Desktop
|
||||
|
||||
The most important feature of Fedora 36 is the brand new GNOME 42, which comes as default with the Fedora Workstation edition. With the Fedora Workstation edition, you get the original GNOME 42 version without any customisation, unlike Ubuntu. Hence to experience the vanilla GNOME 42, Fedora 36 is the perfect choice for you.
|
||||
|
||||
Firstly, GNOME 42 brings the modern GTK4 and libadwaita based Shell and native applications. Most native GNOME apps are already ported to GTK4, giving a revamped look with friendly UI components. You should notice the difference in every nook and corner of the desktop.
|
||||
|
||||
Not only that, this version of GNOME introduces the Dark and Light Style in the Appearance section. The native applications also adapt to the light and dark styles automatically. Moreover, the wallpaper can also change based on the style, and you can create [dark and light versions of the wallpaper][2].
|
||||
|
||||
Furthermore, GNOME 42 brings a [new text editor][3], a new screenshot and screencast tool and well designed on-screen display. You may want to read the [features of GNOME 42 here in detail][4].
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2. Linux Kernel 5.17
|
||||
|
||||
In addition to that, Fedora 36 also brings the latest mainline Linux Kernel 5.17, which has support for all the modern GPU, CPU and other improvements. The updates in this Kernel include temperature support for the AMD Zen family of devices, a long-standing Floppy Disk hangs bug, a handful of ARM/SoC support and performance improvements across all subsystems.
|
||||
|
||||
You can read our [detailed Linux Kernel 5.17][5] coverage to learn more.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3. Wayland by Default for NVIDIA Proprietary Drivers
|
||||
|
||||
Perhaps the most impactful change in this release is the decision from Fedora to make [Wayland as default][6] session with NVIDIA proprietary driver. If you remember, Wayland was the default server since Fedora 22, but it has not defaulted when the NVIDIA proprietary driver is in use. And it changes now. So, while updating or installing an NVIDIA system, check the session type before login.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4. Systemd Messages Updates
|
||||
|
||||
Other than the above changes, the systemd messages become more friendly with a small but impactful change on how the messages are logged in this release. In Fedora 36, the systemd messages show the unit name with the usual name. For example, if it shows “Network Manager”, it would now show “NetworkManager.service” and the name. This will help debug some problems in a system requiring scrolling through thousands of messages.
|
||||
|
||||
![More detailed journalctl messages in Fedora 36][7]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 5. System Font Changes
|
||||
|
||||
On top of the above changes, the default font type is changing to Noto Font from DejaVu fonts. This will provide a better experience and consistent text rendering across the desktop. So, google-noto-sans* packages will be installed by default to replace dejavu*.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6. Updated Spins
|
||||
|
||||
That’s not all the changes, the official Fedora flavours or Spins are also refreshed with their stable versions. Not all desktop environments get major releases in a year, but you always get the latest bugfix versions with Fedora.
|
||||
|
||||
Here’s a quick recap of the version of the official Fedora Spins in this release.
|
||||
|
||||
* Fedora KDE with KDE Plasma 5.24
|
||||
* Fedora with Xfce 4.16
|
||||
* Fedora with LXQt 1.1
|
||||
* Fedora MATE-Compiz with MATE 1.24
|
||||
|
||||
#### 7. Tool Chain Updates
|
||||
|
||||
Many Fedora users are the developers who use it for their personal or professional work. For programmers or developers, the toolchain is important. Because Fedora features the latest compilers, databases and other dependent packages. Here’s a quick list of packages and applications:
|
||||
|
||||
* PHP 8.1
|
||||
* Ruby on Rails 7.0
|
||||
* OpenJDK 17
|
||||
* Django 4.0
|
||||
* gcc 12
|
||||
* glibc 2.35
|
||||
* Golang 1.18
|
||||
* OpenSSL 3.0
|
||||
* Ruby 3.1
|
||||
* Ansible 5
|
||||
* Firefox 100
|
||||
* LibreOffice 7.3
|
||||
|
||||
#### 8. Single User as Admin
|
||||
|
||||
The majority of the Fedora workstation installations are single-user types than the shared or enterprise users. Hence, Fedora 36 makes the single user as administrator by default during installation with this release. The Anaconda installer sets the admin option by default.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 9. RPM Structure
|
||||
|
||||
The internal RPM package database in the Fedora system is located under `/var` today. With this release, it is [moving][8] to `/usr` directory. The primary reason is consistency with other RPM-based distributions such as openSUSE and Fedora rpm-ostree based systems (Kinoite, Silverblue, etc.)
|
||||
|
||||
#### 10. NetworkManager Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, this release removes the NetworkManager legacy configuration file support (ifcfg files). This is a classic case of Fedora being a pioneer in adopting new methods, deprecating the older way of doing things. The NetworkManager evolved over the years and now uses more streamlined configuration files called keyfiles. Hence, it is no longer necessary to support the older ifcfg files for compatibility reasons. For more details about this change, visit this [excellent article][9] from Fedora Magazine.
|
||||
|
||||
### Closing Notes
|
||||
|
||||
In addition to the above changes, this release brings many more under the hood performance tweaks and bug fixes which you can read [here][10].
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 36 releases on May 10, 2022.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/fedora-36-features/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arindam][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Fedora-36-Workstation-Desktop.jpg
|
||||
[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/04/custom-light-dark-wallpaper-gnome/
|
||||
[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/12/gnome-text-editor/
|
||||
[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/03/gnome-42-release/
|
||||
[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/03/linux-kernel-5-17/
|
||||
[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-admin/.org/wiki/Changes/WaylandByDefaultOnNVIDIA
|
||||
[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/More-detailed-journalctl-messages-in-Fedora-36.jpg
|
||||
[8]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/RelocateRPMToUsr
|
||||
[9]: https://fedoramagazine.org/converting-networkmanager-from-ifcfg-to-keyfiles/
|
||||
[10]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/36/ChangeSet
|
||||
@ -1,207 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "Fedora 35 v Fedora 36: What’s the Difference?"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://news.itsfoss.com/fedora-35-v-fedora-36/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 35 v Fedora 36: What’s the Difference?
|
||||
======
|
||||
Fedora 36 is here. It’s a significant upgrade. So, what’s different from Fedora 35? Should you upgrade now? Let’s take a look.
|
||||
|
||||
![fedora comparison][1]
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 36 is an impressive release with a [list of interesting feature upgrades][2].
|
||||
|
||||
While Fedora 35 included GNOME 41 and [debuted with a new KDE variant][3] (Fedora Kinoite) and several other technical changes, Fedora 36 is another interesting upgrade.
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 36 packs in GNOME 42 with new feature additions, and some usual technical improvements.
|
||||
|
||||
What’s different between the two releases?
|
||||
|
||||
Here, we shall be focusing on the key changes considering the desktop user experience along with some technical differences.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1. Support Lifespan
|
||||
|
||||
If you are reading this when we published this article, you still have the time to continue using Fedora 35 or upgrade to Fedora 36.
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 35 will be supported until **November 2022**. Typically, every Fedora release gets support for 13 months.
|
||||
|
||||
So, you can expect Fedora 36 to be maintained until **June 2023**.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2. Desktop Environment Choices
|
||||
|
||||
The primary offering for Fedora 35 features GNOME 41, and Fedora 36 comes with GNOME 42.
|
||||
|
||||
In addition to its GNOME editions, you can also find KDE and LXQt versions as other popular variants.
|
||||
|
||||
With Fedora 35, you get the option to use KDE Plasma 5.22 or LXQt 0.17.
|
||||
|
||||
And, with Fedora 36, you can find KDE Plasma 5.24 and LXQt 1.0 as your options.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3. Wayland by Default for Nvidia
|
||||
|
||||
With Fedora 35, you already had Wayland by default for desktop sessions (initially introduced with Fedora 34), excluding proprietary Nvidia drivers.
|
||||
|
||||
Now, with Fedora 36, if you use a proprietary Nvidia driver, the GDM sessions will use Wayland by default.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4. Wallpapers
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora always features some kind of artistic/creative wallpaper. You can see the default wallpaper difference in action here:
|
||||
|
||||
![][4]
|
||||
|
||||
![][5]
|
||||
|
||||
In addition to the default, Fedora 36 also comes with a newer collection of wallpapers.
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 36 also includes dark/light variants of the wallpapers to blend in with the new dark mode theme preference.
|
||||
|
||||
![][6]
|
||||
|
||||
![][7]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 5. Appearance Menu & Dark Theme
|
||||
|
||||
Thanks to GNOME 42, Fedora 36 now features a new Appearance option in the system settings that lets you switch to a system-wide dark/light theme.
|
||||
|
||||
![Fedora 36 (Appearance menu)][8]
|
||||
|
||||
With Fedora 35, you did not have any options to enable a dark theme, which was a bummer at the time.
|
||||
|
||||
And, as mentioned previously, with the theme preferences, the background also changes automatically.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6. Settings Menu
|
||||
|
||||
![][9]
|
||||
|
||||
![][10]
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 36 received an upgrade to the settings menu with new options, dark mode support, and subtle changes to the look with an enhanced GNOME experience.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 7. Login and Lockscreen
|
||||
|
||||
You will also notice differences in the login screen with a darker default avatar ditching the red icon, making them look cleaner.
|
||||
|
||||
![][11]
|
||||
|
||||
![][12]
|
||||
|
||||
While I mention the details for the font changes later in the article, the lock screen lets you notice that significantly with the change in font size for the clock/time in the lock screen.
|
||||
|
||||
Of course, the blur effect for the background remains in both.
|
||||
|
||||
![][13]
|
||||
|
||||
![][14]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 7. Linux Kernel
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora releases always include the latest and greatest Linux Kernel available. So, if you’re using the up-to-date version of Fedora 35/46, you will be getting the same Linux Kernel.
|
||||
|
||||
With Fedora 36, you get [Linux Kernel 5.17][15] out of the box which comes with a range of next-gen hardware support and improvements.
|
||||
|
||||
And, Fedora 35 featured Linux Kernel 5.14, but now you can find Linux Kernel 5.17.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 8. Screenshot UI
|
||||
|
||||
Yet another exciting [feature upgrade in GNOME 42][16]. The screenshot user interface is entirely different in Fedora 36 with an added ability to record the screen.
|
||||
|
||||
![][17]
|
||||
|
||||
![][18]
|
||||
|
||||
In Fedora 35, you can take screenshots similarly using the GNOME Screenshot app, but it does not have an integrated screen recording feature.
|
||||
|
||||
In addition to this, on Fedora 36, you get the ability to take a screenshot when you perform a right-click on the title bar of a window.
|
||||
|
||||
![Fedora 36][19]
|
||||
|
||||
You don’t get to see this feature on Fedora 35.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 9. File Manager
|
||||
|
||||
File Manager isn’t functionally different. However, with the user interface overhaul, icon changes, and improvements, Fedora 36 features a snappier file manager overall.
|
||||
|
||||
![][20]
|
||||
|
||||
![][21]
|
||||
|
||||
I never liked the icon theme on Fedora 35. So, that’s a pretty good upgrade for users like me.
|
||||
|
||||
Of course, you can always look for [GTK icon themes][22] to personalize the experience.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 10. Software Center
|
||||
|
||||
![Software Center on Fedora 36][23]
|
||||
|
||||
The software center has received improvements in Fedora 36 for its user experience and being more responsive to different screen resolutions.
|
||||
|
||||
You get all the essential details when comes to an app you select to view/install on Fedora, 35 and 36. Hence, the difference is limited to the overall UI and UX.
|
||||
|
||||
![Software Center on Fedora 35][24]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 11. Default Font Changes
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 35 relies on multiple fonts for various languages. By default, it uses the DejaVu font, however, when you select a different language like Chinese, Japanese, Korean, etc, it has other defaults.
|
||||
|
||||
So, to make things consistent, Fedora 36 is making **Noto Fonts** the default, which supports various languages, and are generally higher quality fonts.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 12. Technical Changes
|
||||
|
||||
If you are looking to explore all the details, the official changelog would be better. However, to highlight a few important things, these are some of the noteworthy upgrades in Fedora 36:
|
||||
|
||||
* Golang 1.18
|
||||
* Ruby 3.1
|
||||
* GNOME Text Editor replacing Gedit
|
||||
* Subtle changes to the terminal application
|
||||
|
||||
### Wrapping Up
|
||||
|
||||
Unlike Ubuntu LTS releases (for instance, [20.04 vs 22.04][25]), when it comes to Fedora, you do have some time to upgrade, but you will have to eventually upgrade to keep getting updates/security fixes.
|
||||
|
||||
If you do not like the changes with newer Fedora releases, you may want to try Ubuntu or switch to an Arch Linux distro like [Manjaro][26].
|
||||
|
||||
*What do you think about the latest Fedora 36 release? Let us know your thoughts in the comments below.*
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://news.itsfoss.com/fedora-35-v-fedora-36/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-35-vs-fedora-36.jpg
|
||||
[2]: https://news.itsfoss.com/fedora-36-release-date-features/
|
||||
[3]: https://news.itsfoss.com/fedora-35-release/
|
||||
[4]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-35-wallpaper.jpg
|
||||
[5]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-36-wallpaper.jpg
|
||||
[6]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-35-wallpaper-collection.jpg
|
||||
[7]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-36-wallpaper-collection.jpg
|
||||
[8]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-36-appearance.png
|
||||
[9]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-35-settings.jpg
|
||||
[10]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-36-settings.png
|
||||
[11]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-35-login.jpg
|
||||
[12]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-36-login.jpg
|
||||
[13]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-35-lockscreen.jpg
|
||||
[14]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-36-lockscreen.jpg
|
||||
[15]: https://news.itsfoss.com/linux-kernel-5-17-release/
|
||||
[16]: https://news.itsfoss.com/gnome-42-features/
|
||||
[17]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-35-screenshot.jpg
|
||||
[18]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-36-screenshot-ui.jpg
|
||||
[19]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-36-take-screenshot.jpg
|
||||
[20]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-35-file-manager.png
|
||||
[21]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-36-file-manager.png
|
||||
[22]: https://itsfoss.com/best-gtk-themes/
|
||||
[23]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-36-software-center.png
|
||||
[24]: https://news.itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora-35-software-center.png
|
||||
[25]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-20-04-vs-22-04/
|
||||
[26]: https://news.itsfoss.com/manjaro-linux-experience/
|
||||
@ -1,132 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "How to Upgrade to Fedora 36 from Fedora 35 Workstation (GUI and CLI Method)"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/upgrade-fedora-36-from-fedora-35/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
How to Upgrade to Fedora 36 from Fedora 35 Workstation (GUI and CLI Method)
|
||||
======
|
||||
Complete steps to upgrade to fedora 36 from fedora 35 workstation edition with gui and cli method.
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 36 brings several important features such as the beautiful GNOME 42, Linux Kernel 5.17, default font changes and many stunning features. Moreover, Fedora 36 also brings Wayland display server as the default NVIDIA proprietary driver. Plus several other significant changes that Fedora 36 brings, which you can read here in our [top 10 feature coverage][1].
|
||||
|
||||
If you plan to upgrade to Fedora 36 from Fedora 35 workstation edition, here are the steps you need to perform.
|
||||
|
||||
![Fedora 36 Workstation Desktop][2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Upgrade to Fedora 36
|
||||
|
||||
There are two methods to upgrade to Fedora 36 workstation. The first is the command line method (CLI), and the second is the GUI method which is completely graphical. We will cover both ways in this guide.
|
||||
|
||||
However, before you get excited to upgrade, there is some housekeeping that you should do.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Steps to Follow before upgrading to Fedora 36
|
||||
|
||||
Firstly, Open GNOME Software and check for any pending updates. Or, open a terminal and run the following command to ensure that your system is up-to-date.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf update
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
After the above command is complete, reboot your system to ensure all the updates are applied.
|
||||
|
||||
Secondly, take backups of your important documents such as pictures, docs or videos from your home directory to a safe place (perhaps a separate partition or USB stick). The Fedora upgrade process never fails, but if you use NVIDIA or any specific hardware with a dual boot system, I recommend you take backups.
|
||||
|
||||
Third, install the [Extensions Flatpak application][3] and disable all the GNOME Extensions (for the GNOME desktop). The primary reason is not all the extensions are ported yet to GNOME 42. Hence it is safe to disable all of them before upgrading. And you can enable them later after you complete the upgrade process.
|
||||
|
||||
Moreover, glance over the [Fedora 36 common bugs page][4] and the [forum][5] for any ongoing major bugs which may impact the upgrade process. Don’t spend much time on this.
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, the upgrade process takes some time (in hours), so ensure you have sufficient time and a stable internet connection.
|
||||
|
||||
#### How to Upgrade to Fedora 36 Workstation
|
||||
|
||||
##### Graphical Method (GUI)
|
||||
|
||||
After the official release of Fedora 36, you should see a prompt in GNOME Software showing that an upgrade is available. If you do not see any prompt, don’t worry. Wait for a day or two, and you should have it.
|
||||
|
||||
Also, you can visit the Updates tab in GNOME Software and see if it is available.
|
||||
|
||||
Click on the notification and hit Download to start the upgrade process. The upgrader will download the required packages and prompt you to restart. Hit restart to continue the upgrade process.
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora will apply the upgrades during reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Command-Line method (CLI)
|
||||
|
||||
Firstly, you can follow the below steps, even if Fedora 36 is not yet released. And you can follow the same steps after the official release.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are comfortable with the command line, you can use the dnf upgrade command to perform the upgrade process.
|
||||
|
||||
Open up the terminal and run the below command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf upgrade --refresh
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This command will refresh the packages for the new upgrade stream to get ready for Fedora 36.
|
||||
|
||||
Next, install the dnf upgrade plugin by running the below command. This is required for the upgrade process.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install dnf-plugin-system-upgrade
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Make sure your system is up-to-date by running the below command and installing any necessary pending updates. Do it once again (if you have done it via pre-upgrade steps)
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf --refresh upgrade
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Initiate the download process by running the below command. This command will fetch all required packages and save them locally before the upgrade.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf system-upgrade download --releasever=36
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you installed many packages and applications manually and are unsure whether they are correctly supported by Fedora 36, run the above command with “–allowerasing” flag. When you provide this, dnf will remove the packages that are blockers for your system upgrade.
|
||||
|
||||
The above command displays what will be replaced, updated, upgraded, or downgraded. Carefully glance through the list if you want to review the list. Or, you can check the red-marked items and start the upgrade process—something like below.
|
||||
|
||||
![Fedora 36 upgrade via CLI][6]
|
||||
|
||||
![Review the RED marked items][7]
|
||||
|
||||
![Start the Fedora 36 Upgrade from CLI][8]
|
||||
|
||||
Remember, the download size ideally is in GB, so that it might take some time based on your internet speed.
|
||||
|
||||
After the above command is complete, run the below command to start the upgrade.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf system-upgrade reboot
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The system will reboot automatically and wait until the entire upgrade process completes. As I mentioned earlier, this might take time in terms of hours, depending on your system hardware. Hence be patient.
|
||||
|
||||
You will be greeted with a brand new Fedora 36 system if all goes well.
|
||||
|
||||
Good luck! 🤞
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/upgrade-fedora-36-from-fedora-35/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arindam][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2021/04/fedora-34-features/
|
||||
[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Fedora-36-Workstation-Desktop2.jpg
|
||||
[3]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.gnome.Extensions
|
||||
[4]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Common_F36_bugs
|
||||
[5]: https://ask.fedoraproject.org/tags/c/common-issues/141/none/f36/l/latest
|
||||
[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Fedora-36-upgrade-via-CLI.jpg
|
||||
[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Review-the-RED-marked-items.jpg
|
||||
[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Start-the-Fedora-36-Upgrade-from-CLI.jpg
|
||||
@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "What’s new in Fedora Workstation 36"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://fedoramagazine.org/whats-new-fedora-36-workstation/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Merlin Cooper https://fedoramagazine.org/author/mxanthropocene/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
What’s new in Fedora Workstation 36
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
The latest release of Fedora Workstation 36 continues the Fedora Project’s ongoing commitment to delivering the latest innovations in the open source world. This article describes some of the notable user-facing changes that appear in this version.
|
||||
|
||||
### GNOME 42
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora Workstation 36 includes the latest version of the GNOME desktop environment. GNOME 42 includes many improvements and new features. Just some of the improvements include:
|
||||
|
||||
* Significantly improved input handling, resulting in lower input latency and improved responsiveness when the system is under load. This is particularly beneficial for games and graphics applications.
|
||||
* The Wayland session is now the default for those who use Nvidia’s proprietary graphics driver.
|
||||
* A universal dark mode is now available.
|
||||
* A new interface has been added for taking screenshots and screen video recordings.
|
||||
|
||||
In addition, many of the core apps have been ported to GTK 4, and the shell features a number of subtle refinements.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Refreshed look and feel
|
||||
|
||||
![GNOME 42 as featured in Fedora Workstation 36][2]
|
||||
|
||||
GNOME Shell features a refreshed look and feel, with rounder and more clearly separated elements throughout. All the symbolic icons have been updated and the top bar is no longer rounded.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Universal dark mode option
|
||||
|
||||
In Settings > Appearance, you can now choose a dark mode option which applies a dark theme to all supported applications. In addition, the pre-installed wallpapers now include dark mode variants. Dark themes can help reduce eye-strain when there is low ambient light, can help conserve battery life on devices with OLED displays, and can reduce the risk of burn-in on OLED displays. Plus, it looks cool!
|
||||
|
||||
#### New screenshot interface
|
||||
|
||||
![Taking screenshots and screen video recordings is now easier than ever][3]
|
||||
|
||||
Previously, pressing the Print Screen key simply took a screenshot of the entire screen and saved it to the Pictures folder. If you wanted to customize your screenshots, you had to remember a keyboard shortcut, or manually open the Screenshots app and use that to take the screenshot you wanted. This was inconvenient.
|
||||
|
||||
Now, pressing Print Screen presents you with an all-new user interface that allows you to take a screenshot of either your entire screen, just one window, or a rectangular selection. You can also choose whether to hide or show the mouse pointer, and you can also now take a screen video recording from within the new interface.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Core applications
|
||||
|
||||
![Apps made in GTK 4 + libadwaita feature a distinct visual style][4]
|
||||
|
||||
GNOME’s core applications have seen a number of improvements. A number of them have been ported to GTK 4 and use libadwaita, a new widget library that implements GNOME’s Human Interface Guidelines.
|
||||
|
||||
* Files now includes the ability to sort files by creation date, and includes some visual refinements, such as a tweaked headerbar design and file renaming interface.
|
||||
* The Software app now includes a more informative update interface, and more prominently features GNOME Circle apps.
|
||||
* The Settings app now has a more visually appealing interface matching the visual tweaks present throughout GNOME Shell.
|
||||
* Text Editor replaces Gedit by default. Text Editor is an all-new app built in GTK 4 and libadwaita. You can always reinstall Gedit by searching for it in the Software app.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Wayland support on Nvidia’s proprietary graphics driver
|
||||
|
||||
In previous versions, Fedora Workstation defaulted to the X display server when using Nvidia’s proprietary graphics driver – now, Fedora Workstation 36 uses the Wayland session by default when using Nvidia’s proprietary graphics driver.
|
||||
|
||||
If you experience issues with the Wayland session, you can always switch back to the Xorg session by clicking the gear icon at the bottom-right corner of the login screen and choosing “GNOME on Xorg”.
|
||||
|
||||
### Under-the-hood changes throughout Fedora Linux 36
|
||||
|
||||
* When installing or upgrading packages with DNF or PackageKit, weak dependencies that have been manually removed will no longer be reinstalled. That is to say: if _foo_ is installed and it has _bar_ as a weak dependency, and _bar_ is then removed, _bar_ will not be reinstalled when _foo_ is updated.
|
||||
* The Noto fonts are now used by default for many languages. This provides greater coverage for different character sets. For users who write in the Malayalam script, the new Meera and RIT Rachana fonts are now the default.
|
||||
* systemd messages now include unit names by default rather than just the description, making troubleshooting easier.
|
||||
|
||||
![systemd messages shows unit names by default][5]
|
||||
|
||||
### Upgrade now!
|
||||
|
||||
You can upgrade your system through GNOME Software, via _[dnf system-upgrade][6]_ in the terminal, or [download the live ISO image][7] from the official website.
|
||||
|
||||
### Also check out…
|
||||
|
||||
There are always cool things happening in the Fedora Project!
|
||||
|
||||
* The social links in the upper right corner on Fedora Magazine now include our official [Fedora YouTube prescence][8], [Fedora Matrix homeserver][9], and the [Fedora Discussion][10] website!
|
||||
* Fedora Discussion has been lightly renovated! Come and chat with us! ☺️
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://fedoramagazine.org/whats-new-fedora-36-workstation/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Merlin Cooper][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/mxanthropocene/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/fedora36workstation-816x345.jpg
|
||||
[2]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/fw36-1-1024x640.png
|
||||
[3]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/scrui.png
|
||||
[4]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/libadwaitat-1024x633.png
|
||||
[5]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/systemdmsg.png
|
||||
[6]: https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf-system-upgrade/
|
||||
[7]: https://getfedora.org/en/workstation/download/
|
||||
[8]: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnIfca4LPFVn8-FjpPVc1ow
|
||||
[9]: https://chat.fedoraproject.org/#/welcome
|
||||
[10]: https://discussion.fedoraproject.org/
|
||||
@ -1,214 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "10 Things to Do After Installing Fedora 36 Workstation [With Bonus Tip]"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/10-things-to-do-fedora-36-after-install/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
10 Things to Do After Installing Fedora 36 Workstation [With Bonus Tip]
|
||||
======
|
||||
I am sure you have already updated or installed Fedora 36 Workstation Edition. With that said, here’s our traditional article – “10 Things to Do After Installing Fedora 36”, to give you some post-install tweak ideas.
|
||||
|
||||
This guide is primarily for the Fedora 36 Workstation edition, i.e., GNOME Desktop. Because it is the default version and the most popular in terms of the user base. Hence, to make yourself more productive and tweak the entire desktop in the best possible way, here are the 10 things you can do after installing Fedora 36 Workstation Edition (GNOME).
|
||||
|
||||
### 10 Things to Do After Installing Fedora 36 Workstation
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1. Update DNF Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
Before you make any updates or changes in your system, it’s worth checking the dnf package manager configuration file for existing settings. The DNF is the default package manager (like apt) for Fedora Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are a long time Fedora Linux user, you may know that dnf package downloads are sometimes slower despite having high-speed internet.
|
||||
|
||||
You can use the max_parallel_downloads option, among other tricks, in the /etc/dnf/dnf.conf file to make it faster.
|
||||
|
||||
This option takes a number (from 3 to 20) as its value which you specify in the file, and that many numbers of packages can be downloaded parallelly using dnf.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo gnome-text-editor /etc/dnf/dnf.conf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
max_parallel_downloads=10
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Open the config file using any text editor and add the below line.
|
||||
|
||||
After the update, your file should look like the one below. Save and close the file.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2. Update your system
|
||||
|
||||
After you make the above changes and perform any other work, it’s always a good idea to update your system to ensure all the latest packages are downloaded and installed. You can open the Software application and go to the Updates Tab. Or, open a terminal and use the following command to update your system.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf update
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf upgrade
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![dnf update][1]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3. Firmware Updates
|
||||
|
||||
If your hardware manufacturer supports a special firmware package for Linux, you can quickly check them and get those updates via the following sequence of commands. However, it may not always be available, but it is worth trying.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo fwupdmgr refresh --forcesudo fwupdmgr get-updatessudo fwupdmgr update
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4. Change Touchpad settings
|
||||
|
||||
If you are a Laptop user, check whether the “Tap to Click” option is enabled in the settings. Open the Settings application, navigate to the “Mouse and Touchpad” tab and verify.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 5. Enable RPM Fusion
|
||||
|
||||
The RPM Fusion library is a set of packages and applications provided by the community. For example, DVD or media codecs, etc. The Official Fedora repo does not offer them because of proprietary in nature. You can read our complete guide here to [enable RPM Fusion in Fedora][2]. Or, run the following commands in sequence to make it available for Fedora 36.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
After the above commands are complete, run the following to update your system.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf upgrade --refreshsudo dnf groupupdate core
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6. Install GNOME Tweaks
|
||||
|
||||
The GNOME Tweaks is the essential application for Fedora 36 Workstation. It helps you to manage many areas of your GNOME desktop. After installation, you can launch it via the application menu. To install, run the following commands from the terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install gnome-tweak-tool
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 7. Enable Flatpak and Install Extensions
|
||||
|
||||
The more we are moving ahead with the adaptation of sandboxing of applications, Flatpak is becoming more and more essential on the Linux desktop. Arguably, Flatpak performs better and is widely adopted compared to Snap.
|
||||
|
||||
Hence, you should enable Flatpak beforehand as you continue to make your system productive.
|
||||
|
||||
Open a terminal and run the below command to enable Flatpak.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Then you can check out several applications available in [Flathub][3] to install.
|
||||
|
||||
However, one particular application that we recommend installing via Flathub is “[Extensions][4]“. This application helps you manage all the installed GNOME Extensions in your system. You can enable/disable them, launch settings of individual extensions and many such housekeeping tasks related to extensions. To install, open a terminal and run the below command. Once completed, you can launch the Extension application from the application menu.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
flatpak install flathub org.gnome.Extensions
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Alternatively, another application, “[Extension Manager][5]“, gives you some additional settings, and you may also try that via the below command.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
flatpak install flathub com.mattjakeman.ExtensionManager
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 8. Enable GNOME Extensions
|
||||
|
||||
Since we are talking about extensions, you need to set up your system before you install them. Open a terminal and run the below command to install the plugin to enable the hook to install extensions via the Firefox web browser.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install chrome-gnome-shell
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Then open Firefox, and [visit this page][6]. And at the top, click on “install browser extension” and Continue.
|
||||
|
||||
![Add Browser Add-on for GNOME Shell Extension][7]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 9. Install these recommended GNOME Extensions
|
||||
|
||||
There are hundreds of GNOME Extensions available for various needs on the [official website][8]. However, here’s a curated list that we think should be installed by everyone while using Fedora 36 with the latest GNOME 42 desktop.
|
||||
|
||||
**Dash to Dock** (for COSMIC): Convert the bottom dock to a fully functional application dock with features such as autohide, extend to edges, move around and always show.
|
||||
|
||||
**GSConnet**: Install this extension if you want to get notification and SMS alerts from your Android mobile phone to the GNOME desktop. This is an alternative to KDE Connect for GNOME Desktop.
|
||||
|
||||
**Just Perfection**: This extension helps you make any changes to your GNOME Shell. You can change the visibility of almost all components of GNOME Shell, behaviour tweaks and customise panels, and more.
|
||||
|
||||
[Blur My Shell:][9]The default GNOME activities background is grey while showing the wallpaper of the workspaces. This extension makes your background wallpaper blur and gives a nice blurry drop shadow to the workspaces. And it comes with many other options as well.
|
||||
|
||||
[Net Speed Simplified:][10]This extension shows the data transfer speed of your active network as upload/download speed right at the top panel.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 10. Install Recommended Applications
|
||||
|
||||
The default GNOME Desktop brings very minimal required applications. They are not sufficient for a functioning and productive desktop. Hence, here’s a quick list of commands with essential applications that you can install, including a media player, torrent client, image editor, and more.
|
||||
|
||||
Copy and paste these into the terminal to install.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install -y vlcsudo dnf install -y steamsudo dnf install -y transmissionsudo dnf install -y gimpsudo dnf install -y gearysudo dnf install -y dropbox nautilus-dropboxsudo dnf install -y unzip p7zip p7zip-plugins unrar
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you prefer Flatpaks, here’s the command for that.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
flatpak install flathub org.videolan.VLCflatpak install flathub com.valvesoftware.Steamflatpak install flathub com.transmissionbt.Transmissionflatpak install flathub org.gimp.GIMPflatpak install flathub org.gnome.Gearyflatpak install flathub com.dropbox.Client
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Bonus Tip(s)
|
||||
|
||||
And finally, here are three bonus tips exclusively for you.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Enable Battery percentage
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to view the battery percentage at the system tray, run the following command to show it via settings.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface show-battery-percentage true
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Install nice looking fonts
|
||||
|
||||
GNOME desktop’s default font on Fedora 36 is perfect. But if you crave more, here are some of the cool fonts you can install. After installation, you can use GNOME Tweak Tool to change.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install -y 'google-roboto*' 'mozilla-fira*' fira-code-fonts
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### TLP
|
||||
|
||||
Last but not least, you should install TLP if you are a Laptop user. TLP is a great utility to help optimise your Laptop’s battery. This utility comes with various command-line options to tweak and view reports about power consumption. All you need to do is install and forget it. It takes care of the basic power-saving optimisations.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo dnf install tlp tlp-rdw
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Closing Notes
|
||||
|
||||
I hope you enjoyed reading these tips and applied some of them. So, what is your favourite must-do post-install tip? Let me know in the comment box down below!
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/10-things-to-do-fedora-36-after-install/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arindam][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/dnf-update.png
|
||||
[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2020/07/enable-rpm-fusion-fedora-rhel-centos/
|
||||
[3]: https://flathub.org/
|
||||
[4]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.gnome.Extensions
|
||||
[5]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.mattjakeman.ExtensionManager
|
||||
[6]: https://extensions.gnome.org/
|
||||
[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Add-Browser-Add-on-for-GNOME-Shell-Extension.jpg
|
||||
[8]: https://extensions.gnome.org/
|
||||
[9]: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/3193/blur-my-shell/
|
||||
[10]: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/3724/net-speed-simplified/
|
||||
@ -1,336 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "How To Upgrade To Fedora 36 From Fedora 35 [Workstation And Server]"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://ostechnix.com/upgrade-to-fedora-36-from-fedora-35/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "sk https://ostechnix.com/author/sk/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
How To Upgrade To Fedora 36 From Fedora 35 [Workstation And Server]
|
||||
======
|
||||
A Step By Step Guide To Upgrade Fedora 35 To Fedora 36
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora 36 has been released! This step by step tutorial tutorial explains how to upgrade to Fedora 36 from Fedora 35 and older versions. If you're already using Fedora 35, you can now safely upgrade to Fedora 36 desktop or server edition for latest features, performance and stability improvements.
|
||||
|
||||
### Prerequisites
|
||||
|
||||
Before upgrading to Fedora 36, you need to do a few important tasks.
|
||||
|
||||
1. It is strongly RECOMMENDED to Backup your important data before upgrading to Fedora 36. This should be your first step when you want to upgrade any system, regardless of the underlying operating system. Make sure you've backup of all important files, directories, configuration settings, browser bookmarks, and dot files etc.
|
||||
2. Fedora 36 upgrade will probably take several minutes to complete. So make sure you've stable Internet connection and uninterrupted power supply.
|
||||
3. During upgrade, your system will reboot automatically to apply updates. So ensure that there aren't any important jobs currently running (E.g. Scheduled backups).
|
||||
4. See the Fedora 36 common issues and decide if you want to proceed.
|
||||
5. Upgrades to the very next release (e.g. 35 to 36) as well as upgrades skipping one release (e.g. 34 to 36) are both supported. Upgrades across more than two releases are not supported. For example - you can't go from Fedora 33 to 36. It might work sometimes. However, if you encounter with any issues, you won't get any support. In such cases, first upgrade to next release (i.e. 33 to 34) and then try to upgrade from 34 to 36. It is always recommended to upgrade to next release before it reaches EOL.
|
||||
|
||||
Well, without further ado, let us start Fedora 36 upgrade task!
|
||||
|
||||
### Upgrade to Fedora 36 From Fedora 35
|
||||
|
||||
We can upgrade to Fedora 36 via GNOME software (GUI) and from command line (CLI). First, we will see the Graphical method using GNOME Software. This is suitable for those who use Fedora desktop edition.
|
||||
|
||||
Before get started, update your Fedora 35 system:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf --refresh update
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf upgrade
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Reboot your system to apply the updates:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo reboot
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Let us check the current version using the following commands:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ cat /etc/fedora-release
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To view the detailed version output, run this instead:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ cat /etc/os-release
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Display Fedora Version][1]
|
||||
|
||||
Now, follow any one of the below methods to upgrade Fedora to 36 desktop or server.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1. Upgrade To Fedora 36 Workstation Via GNOME Software
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 1:** Open your Gnome Software Center and go to **Updates** section. You will see a notification that says - **Fedora 36 Now Available**. Click the Download button to download Fedora 36 packages.
|
||||
|
||||
![Download Fedora 36 From Gnome Software][2]
|
||||
|
||||
The required packages will be downloaded now. This will take a while depending on the Internet speed.
|
||||
|
||||
![Downloading Fedora Linux 36][3]
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 2:** Once the download is complete, you will be prompted to restart and upgrade. Click the "Restart & Upgrade" button to continue installing the updates.
|
||||
|
||||
![Click Restart And Upgrade Button][4]
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 3:** A new pop up window will appear and prompt you to click **Restart & Install Upgrade**. Just click on it to reboot your Fedora system.
|
||||
|
||||
![Click Restart And Install Upgrade Button][5]
|
||||
|
||||
After system reboot, the downloaded packages will be installed. This will take a while depending on the number of packages to install. Make sure your system is plugged into the power outlet and you have uninterrupted power supply.
|
||||
|
||||
![Installing Updates][6]
|
||||
|
||||
After installing the updates, the system will automatically reboot into the brand new Fedora 36 desktop.
|
||||
|
||||
You can check if your Fedora system is up-to-date under **Updates** section in Gnome Software.
|
||||
|
||||
![Check For Updates In Gnome Software][7]
|
||||
|
||||
Congratulations! We've successfully upgraded to Fedora 36!
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 4:** Open a Terminal window and check the installed Fedora version using command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ cat /etc/fedora-release
|
||||
Fedora release 36 (Thirty Six)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To view the detailed output, run:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ cat /etc/os-release
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Sample output:**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
NAME="Fedora Linux"
|
||||
VERSION="36 (Workstation Edition)"
|
||||
ID=fedora
|
||||
VERSION_ID=36
|
||||
VERSION_CODENAME=""
|
||||
PLATFORM_ID="platform:f36"
|
||||
PRETTY_NAME="Fedora Linux 36 (Workstation Edition)"
|
||||
ANSI_COLOR="0;38;2;60;110;180"
|
||||
LOGO=fedora-logo-icon
|
||||
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:36"
|
||||
HOME_URL="https://fedoraproject.org/"
|
||||
DOCUMENTATION_URL="https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/f36/system-administrators-guide/"
|
||||
SUPPORT_URL="https://ask.fedoraproject.org/"
|
||||
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/"
|
||||
REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="Fedora"
|
||||
REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=36
|
||||
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Fedora"
|
||||
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION=36
|
||||
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal:PrivacyPolicy"
|
||||
VARIANT="Workstation Edition"
|
||||
VARIANT_ID=workstation
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Check Fedora 36 Version From Terminal][8]
|
||||
|
||||
Alternatively, You can check the Fedora version under **Settings -> About** section.
|
||||
|
||||
![Check Fedora 36 Version From Settings Section][9]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2. Upgrade To Fedora 36 Server From Commandline
|
||||
|
||||
This method is for those who runs Fedora server edition in their system.
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 1:** Update Fedora 35 server using command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf --refresh update
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf upgrade
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Reboot your system to apply the updates.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo reboot
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 2:** Install dnf upgrade plugin by running the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf install dnf-plugin-system-upgrade
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 3:** Download Fedora 36 packages using command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf system-upgrade download --releasever=36
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This command will download all latest packages and display the summary of what packages are going to be replaced, updated, upgraded, or downgraded. This task should take several minutes to complete as it downloads a lot of packages.
|
||||
|
||||
If some of your packages have unsatisfied dependencies, the upgrade will refuse to continue until you run it again with an extra `--allowerasing` option.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf system-upgrade download --releasever=36 --allowerasing
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 4:** Once all packages are downloaded, run the following command to start actual upgrade.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf system-upgrade reboot
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Your system will reboot automatically and upgrade task will start to install all downloaded packages.
|
||||
|
||||
Upon successful upgrade, the system reboots into the new Fedora 36 server edition.
|
||||
|
||||
That's it. Start using your newly upgraded Fedora 36 server system.
|
||||
|
||||
### Fedora Post-upgrade Tasks
|
||||
|
||||
In this section, we will discuss about a few post-upgrade tasks such as changing the hostname, removing unwanted packages, updating configuration files, deleting orphaned symlinks, and cleaning up old kernels etc.
|
||||
|
||||
The steps provided below are applicable for both Fedora desktop and server editions.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1. Change Hostname
|
||||
|
||||
I usually use distribution's name as hostname. For example, the hostname for my Fedora 34 desktop would be **fedora34**. If you're anything like me, change the hostname to match with your current version.
|
||||
|
||||
To **change hostname**, run:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo hostnamectl set-hostname fedora36
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2. Clean DNF Metadata Cache
|
||||
|
||||
After upgrade, the cached metadata and transacation can cleared using the following commands:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf system-upgrade clean
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf clean packages
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3. Remove Old Packages
|
||||
|
||||
List all packages with broken or unsatisfied dependencies, run:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf update
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf repoquery --unsatisfied
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
List all duplicate packages using command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf repoquery --duplicates
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
List all packages that are not in the repositories:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf list extras
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you don't need them anymore, simply run the following commands to remove old, and unused packages.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf remove $(sudo dnf repoquery --extras --exclude=kernel,kernel-*)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf autoremove
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4. Clean Up Retired Packages
|
||||
|
||||
A few packages will be retired in each Fedora release. They could be obsolete or the maintainer abandoned the packages. The retired packages packages will not get any updates. Not even security updates.
|
||||
|
||||
To remove obsolete and retired packages, run:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf install remove-retired-packages
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ remove-retired-packages
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 5. Update System Configuration Files
|
||||
|
||||
To update system configuration files, use `rpmconf` tool.
|
||||
|
||||
To install `rpmconf` tool, run:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf install rpmconf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Once the install is complete, run the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo rpmconf -a
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6. Clean Up Old Kernels
|
||||
|
||||
The `dnf autoremove` command will not remove any unused kernels to avoid unintentional Kernel removals. If you want to remove old kernels, you can use the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf remove $(dnf repoquery --installonly --latest-limit=-3)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The above command will remove all old kernels and retain only the latest 3 kernels.
|
||||
|
||||
**Heads Up:** It is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED to **keep at least two kernels**. Because, if there is a problem in the current Kernel version after upgrading, you can safely switch to the older kernel.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 7. Remove Broken Symlinks
|
||||
|
||||
After system upgrade, there would be some unused symlinks left in your system. You need to **find and delete the dangling soft links or symlinks** that don't point anywhere.
|
||||
|
||||
To find broken symlinks in `/usr` directory, run:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo symlinks -r /usr | grep dangling
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To remove the dangling symlinks, run:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo symlinks -r -d /usr
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Conclusion
|
||||
|
||||
In this guide, we have seen how to upgrade to Fedora 36 from Fedora 35 via Gnome Software center and from terminal. At the end, we included a few post-upgrade steps that needs to done to cleanup the fedora system.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://ostechnix.com/upgrade-to-fedora-36-from-fedora-35/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[sk][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://ostechnix.com/author/sk/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Display-Fedora-Version.png
|
||||
[2]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Download-Fedora-36-From-Gnome-Software.png
|
||||
[3]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Downloading-Fedora-Linux-36.png
|
||||
[4]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Click-Restart-And-Upgrade-Button.png
|
||||
[5]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Click-Restart-And-Install-Upgrade-Button.png
|
||||
[6]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Installing-Updates.png
|
||||
[7]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Check-For-Updates-In-Gnome-Software.png
|
||||
[8]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Check-Fedora-36-Version-From-Terminal.png
|
||||
[9]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Check-Fedora-36-Version-From-Settings-Section.png
|
||||
@ -1,218 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "Add, Delete And Grant Sudo Privileges To Users In Fedora 36"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://ostechnix.com/add-delete-and-grant-sudo-privileges-to-users-in-fedora/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "sk https://ostechnix.com/author/sk/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
|
||||
[#]: translator: " "
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
Add, Delete And Grant Sudo Privileges To Users In Fedora 36
|
||||
======
|
||||
Create sudo user in Fedora
|
||||
|
||||
Using `sudo` program, we can elevate the ability of a normal user to run administrative tasks, without giving away the `root` user's password in Linux operating systems. This guide explains how to add, delete and grant sudo privileges to users in Fedora 36 desktop and server editions.
|
||||
|
||||
I've divided this guide in three sections. The first section teaches you how to create a new user. In the second section, you'll learn how to give sudo access to the existing user. And in the last section, you will know how to remove sudo access from a user. I've also provided example commands in each section, so you can understand it better.
|
||||
|
||||
First, we will start with giving sudo access to a new user.
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Create A New User In Fedora
|
||||
|
||||
Login to your Fedora system as `root` user or `sudo` user.
|
||||
|
||||
We can use either `useradd` or `adduser` commands to create users in Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
For the purpose of this guide, I am going to create a new user called **"senthil"** using `adduser` command.
|
||||
|
||||
To do so, I run the following command with `sudo` or `root` privilege:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo adduser senthil
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Next, I am going to set a password to the newly created user "senthil" with `passwd` command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo passwd senthil
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Create A New User In Fedora][1]
|
||||
|
||||
We just created a normal user called "senthil". This user has not been given sudo access yet. So he can't perform any administrative tasks.
|
||||
|
||||
You can verify if an user has sudo access or not like below.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo -l -U senthil
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Sample output:**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
User senthil is not allowed to run sudo on fedora.
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Check If An User Has Sudo Access][2]
|
||||
|
||||
As you can see, the user "senthil" is not yet allowed to run sudo. Let us go ahead and give him sudo access in the following steps.
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Grant Sudo Privileges To Users In Fedora
|
||||
|
||||
To add a normal user to **sudoers** group, simply add him/her to the `wheel` group.
|
||||
|
||||
For those wondering, the `wheel` is a special group in some Unix-like operating systems (E.g. RHEL based systems). All the members of `wheel` group are allowed to perform administrative tasks. Wheel group is similar to `sudo` group in Debian-based systems.
|
||||
|
||||
We can add users to sudoers list in two ways. The first method is by using `chmod` command.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.1. Add Users To Sudoers Using Usermod Command
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
Usermod
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To grant sudo privileges to a user called "senthil", just add him to the `wheel` group using `usermod` command as shown below:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo usermod -aG wheel senthil
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Here, `-aG` refers append to a supplementary group. In our case, it is `wheel` group.
|
||||
|
||||
Verify if the user is in the sudoers list with command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo -l -U senthil
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you output something like below, it means the user has been given sudo access and he can able to perform all administrative tasks.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
Matching Defaults entries for senthil on fedora:
|
||||
!visiblepw, always_set_home, match_group_by_gid, always_query_group_plugin,
|
||||
env_reset, env_keep="COLORS DISPLAY HOSTNAME HISTSIZE KDEDIR LS_COLORS",
|
||||
env_keep+="MAIL QTDIR USERNAME LANG LC_ADDRESS LC_CTYPE",
|
||||
env_keep+="LC_COLLATE LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_MEASUREMENT LC_MESSAGES",
|
||||
env_keep+="LC_MONETARY LC_NAME LC_NUMERIC LC_PAPER LC_TELEPHONE",
|
||||
env_keep+="LC_TIME LC_ALL LANGUAGE LINGUAS _XKB_CHARSET XAUTHORITY",
|
||||
secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin\:/var/lib/snapd/snap/bin
|
||||
|
||||
User senthil may run the following commands on fedora:
|
||||
(ALL) ALL
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Add A User To Sudoers Group Using Usermod Command][3]
|
||||
|
||||
As you see in the above output, the user "Senthil" can run ALL commands on any host.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.2. Add Users To Sudoers By Editing Sudoers Configuration File
|
||||
|
||||
The another way to add users to sudoers list is by directly adding him/her to the sudoers configuration file.
|
||||
|
||||
Edit sudoers configuration file using command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo visudo
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This will open `/etc/sudoers` file in your **Vi** editor or whatever you have in your `$PATH`. Scroll down until you find following entry:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Right after the above entry, add the following line:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
senthil ALL=(ALL) ALL
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Add Users To Sudoers Group By Editing Sudoers Configuration File][4]
|
||||
|
||||
Here, the line `ALL=(ALL) ALL` refers the user "senthil" can perform any commands on any host. Replace "senthil" with your own username. Save the file and close it.
|
||||
|
||||
That's it. The user has been granted sudo access.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2.3. Verify Sudo Users
|
||||
|
||||
Log out from the current session and log back in as the newly created sudo user. Alternatively, you can directly switch to the other user, without having to log out from the current session, using the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo -i -u senthil
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Switch To New User In Fedora Linux][5]
|
||||
|
||||
Now, verify if the user can able to perform any administrative task with `sudo` permission:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf --refresh update
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Run Dnf Update Command With Sudo][6]
|
||||
|
||||
Great! The user can able to run the `dnf update` command with sudo privilege. From now on, the user can perform all commands prefixed with sudo.
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Delete Sudo Access From A User
|
||||
|
||||
Make sure you logged out of the user's session and log back in as `root` or some other sudo user. Because you can't delete the sudo access of the currently logged in user.
|
||||
|
||||
We can remove sudo privileges from an user without having to entirely delete the user account.
|
||||
|
||||
To do so, use `gpasswd` command to revoke sudo permissions from a user:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo gpasswd -d senthil wheel
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Sample output:**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
Removing user senthil from group wheel
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This will only remove sudo privilege of the given user. The user still exists in the system
|
||||
|
||||
Verify if the sudo access has been removed using command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo -l -U senthil
|
||||
User senthil is not allowed to run sudo on fedora35.
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Delete Sudo Access From A User Using Gpasswd Command][7]
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3.1. Permanently Delete User
|
||||
|
||||
If you don't need the user any more, you can permanently remove the user from the system using `userdel` command like below.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo userdel -r senthil
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The above command will delete the user "senthil" along with his `home` directory and mail spool.
|
||||
|
||||
### Conclusion
|
||||
|
||||
This concludes how to add, delete and grant sudo privileges to users in Fedora 36 operating system. This method is same for other RPM-based systems as well.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://ostechnix.com/add-delete-and-grant-sudo-privileges-to-users-in-fedora/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[sk][a]
|
||||
选题：[lkxed][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://ostechnix.com/author/sk/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
||||
[1]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Create-A-New-User-In-Fedora.png
|
||||
[2]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Check-If-An-User-Has-Sudo-Access.png
|
||||
[3]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Add-A-User-To-Sudoers-Group-Using-Usermod-Command.png
|
||||
[4]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Add-Users-To-Sudoers-Group-By-Editing-Sudoers-Configuration-File.png
|
||||
[5]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Switch-To-New-User-In-Fedora-Linux.png
|
||||
[6]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Run-Dnf-Update-Command-With-Sudo.png
|
||||
[7]: https://ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Delete-Sudo-Access-From-A-User-Using-Gpasswd-Command.png
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user