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Red Hat Enterprise Linux launched for SAP HANA
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||||
================================================================================
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||||
Red Hat has expanded the company’s strategic alliance with SAP AG to make it easier for customers to adopt and run the SAP Data Management portfolio, including the SAP HANA platform, SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise (SAP ASE), SAP IQ software, and the SAP SQL Anywhere suite on Red Hat’s open source solutions.
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||||
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||||
The expanded collaboration is expected to enable real-time, in-memory innovation by providing an open, scalable, integrated and highly-available platform for solutions from SAP along with those that are custom-built in an effort to expand customer choice when it comes to fueling business performance and helping enterprises realize increased value from cloud computing and big data.
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||||
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||||
Steve Lucas, president, Platform Solutions, SAP AG added: “By joining forces with Red Hat to enable SAP HANA on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, we plan to give our customers an additional choice upon which to base deployments of SAP solutions; an open, flexible and scalable platform that is intended to support customers’ data management needs across on-premise and cloud environments.”
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As the foundation of the enhanced partnership, Red Hat Enterprise Linux is now available and qualified for production use of SAP HANA and supported by partners’ SAP-certified hardware solutions. SAP HANA enables customers to capture business transactions to help make smarter, faster decisions through real-time analysis and reporting combined with dramatically accelerated business processes. Customers can now also enjoy expanded choice when it comes to their deployments of SAP HANA to experience the reliability, quality and stability offered by Red Hat Enterprise Linux. They can also standardize deployments of SAP solutions on Red Hat’s high-performing, secure and open platform, helping to ensure consistency of operations across the business.
|
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|
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> We are looking for aspiring bloggers and journalists for The Mukt. If you are interested, [apply now!][1]
|
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|
||||
Red Hat Enterprise Linux for SAP HANA is designed for easy deployment and simplified integration, and will be available via SAP-certified hardware appliances from partners. Delivered through the power of the partner ecosystems of Red Hat and SAP, it is planned for customers to now have access to a portfolio of cross-industry experience and expertise that harnesses the flexible, scalable and open nature of SAP software and Red Hat solutions that are designed to meet a variety of enterprise information requirements.
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||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
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||||
via: http://www.muktware.com/2014/06/red-hat-enterprise-linux-launched-sap-hana/27946
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||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.themukt.com/write-mukt/
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Steam Hits The Big 500 For Linux Games
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================================================================================
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That is one heck of a milestone isn't it? 500 Linux compatible games are now on Steam which is a pretty great number to point anyone at. No longer will people keep stating "but Linux has no games", but sadly they will say Linux has very little AAA games which is true, but this will be a gradual build up of course.
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I keep saying this, but I still never thought we would make it to a day like this. We have XCOM, Civilization and many more still to come with some surprise announcements later this year I've no doubt.
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Once the Steam Machines/SteamOS are released, and if they are successful we should see the number rise even quicker.
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So, how long before we hit 1000? End of the year maybe, who knows!
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I will go get my party hat now...are you celebrating this milestone?
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|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
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||||
via: http://www.gamingonlinux.com/articles/steam-hits-the-big-500-for-linux-games.3849
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|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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Ubuntu 14.04: Hardware Compatibility Updates
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================================================================================
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As Ubuntu moves more and more spiritually away from being another “Linux” Distribution (check their site, the word Linux is not to be found, they have changed the language to refer to themselves as “the world’s most popular open source desktop operating system” instead), they continue to make efforts in certifying hardware from various vendors as “Ubuntu compatible”. Let’s take a quick look at some of the work that has gone into the Ubuntu 14.04 LTS hardware compatibility.
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### What Does Certified Mean? ###
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In the case of Ubuntu Certified Compatibility, it means that either the component or the entire desktop/laptop and all its various components are certified to have full driver support within the kernel for the version of Ubuntu it is certified for. Now, there appear to be two levels of this certification:
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- Components Within Device Certification: This is where major components of a device are certified for a particular LTS version of Ubuntu (like the CPU, Video, Network and Storage Controllers) but not necessarily other components as they may vary (sound, wireless, specialized chipsets).
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- Full System Certification: This is where an entire device (laptop, desktop or more commonly, a server) and all its myriad of device options are all certified as driver available for a version of Ubuntu LTS
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In the example below, the Dell Inspiron 1545 has had its major components and various other device options certified to run with Ubuntu 12.04 LTS:
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### So Do My Components Work or Not? ###
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Well, as in most things related to Linux, the answer is “it depends”. The older your system or component, strangely enough, the more likely that it will be supported in the LTS version you are using. A LOT of work has gone into certifying hardware in LTS in general and strides have been made between versions 12.04 and 14.04 LTS (some estimates have the system certifications increasing almost 30% whereas component additions are almost 40% up since the last major version).
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The newest components are going to be hit and miss (particularly if you are looking for official binary drivers from your friendly neighborhood video chip makers – both NVidia and ATI have fallen behind lately when it comes to getting support for their latest chips in the repository channels for the latest kernel versions).
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If you have any doubt whether your system or server is fully compatible, check [Ubuntu’s handy “Certified Hardware”][1] site and see if your component or system is listed.
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### Final Thoughts ###
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Ubuntu has come a long way (literally and figuratively) in terms of hardware support in regards to Linux. Whereas everyone really used to be pretty hit and miss and getting any component to work properly in Linux could mean hours of searching for drivers, patches, configuration strings and/or special settings for a particular chip and revision. Now, for most major system components made within 90 days of the LTS release, you will find you have a pretty decent shot at getting your system up and running in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.
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Have a different experience or a long standing component with a lack of compatibility? Drop me a note and let me know, I would love to hear about your experiences!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://linuxacademy.com/blog/linux/ubuntu-14-04-hardware-compatibility-updates/
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/
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43
sources/news/20140607 Ubuntu One Formally Shuts Down.md
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43
sources/news/20140607 Ubuntu One Formally Shuts Down.md
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Ubuntu One Formally Shuts Down
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================================================================================
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**Ubuntu One is now formally in shut-down. You have until July 31 to grab your files or they will be lost forever. **
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Canonical announced that it [was axing the service earlier this year][1], citing a lack of paid users and increased competition from Google, Dropbox and other cloud storage services as chief factors in making the decision.
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Attempting to access the web dashboard of Ubuntu One throws up the following notice informing users that the service has been discontinued:
|
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|
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|
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Earlier this month an update was pushed to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS to inform users that Ubuntu One would shortly be removed from the desktop, while Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, released in April, ships without Ubuntu One preinstalled.
|
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|
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### Get Your Data ###
|
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To grab all your data as a **.zip** file you simply need to log in and hit the orange button positioned under the main notice.
|
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|
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Canonical has also partnered with cloud storage migration service [mover.io][2] to allow direct importing of files from Ubuntu One to other services, such as Dropbox, Google Drive and Copy.
|
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|
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Mover, who describe Ubuntu One as “…a world class file sync and share product”, is offering its data transfer service to Ubuntu One users for free, although it does require an account to be created. The company normally only allows ‘free’ plan users to transfer 2GB data.
|
||||
|
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For more details on migrating your data to Google Drive through mover.io you can refer to the following knowledge base article.
|
||||
|
||||
- [Transfer from Ubuntu One to Google Drive][3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Refunds ###
|
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For those of you who had ponied up cash for extra storage on this or the Ubuntu One Music service, Canonical told us you can expect to receive a refund within the next 7–10 days.
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注：下面的那个链接地址在另外一篇文章中，如果也翻译发布了，可以链接到发布的文章里
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If you’re looking for an Ubuntu One alternative check [out our round up of the most popular][4] cloud services used by our readers.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/06/ubuntu-one-discontinued-grab-files-now
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/04/canonical-axe-ubuntu-one-file-music-services-grab-data-now
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[2]:http://mover.io/
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[3]:http://support.mover.io/knowledgebase/articles/346927-how-to-transfer-from-ubuntu-one-to-google-drive
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[4]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/04/three-alternatives-ubuntu-one
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Four Awesome Free Alternatives to Ubuntu One Cloud Storage
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================================================================================
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Be honest: news that [Canonical is shuttering its Ubuntu One cloud storage service][1] came as a shock, right?
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After four years of serving each and every Ubuntu user with a few gigabytes of free space in which to store their documents, music and photos, Canonical have decided to close it down. The service will cease operating as normal from June, and all files will be deleted permanently this July.
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While the reasons behind its closure make sense for the company in lieu of it broader ambitions elsewhere, there’s no getting away from the fact that if you used it daily, you’re going to be left a little peeved.
|
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> ‘…there is an army of alternatives able to pick up where Ubuntu One has left off’
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Thankfully there is an army of alternatives able to pick up where Ubuntu One has left off. Most, if not all, offer more space, better features and are generally more reliable than Canonical’s aged offering. In fact, it seems like everyone and their pet cat now offers free cloud storage.
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It’s partly because of the fierce competition between these services, what CEO Jane Silber refers to as the “free storage wars”, that the Ubuntu One offering wasn’t able to find its footing.
|
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|
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But the promise of some free space and a means of syncing to it through the desktop does not mean they’re all equal, or worthy of entrusting with your data. Which alternatives are worth pursuing? Let’s take a look.
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|
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Dropbox Indicator on Ubuntu – Comes In Handy
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### Dropbox ###
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#### Best all rounder ####
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Who hasn’t heard of Dropbox? As the granddaddy of cloud storage, it was the first service to both popularise and implement desktop-to-server syncing in a way that felt productive and not cumbersome.
|
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|
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Its success was buoyed by a generous referral scheme offering you extra space for signing others up, and extensive cross-platform support. Dropbox makes it easy to hop between devices and OSes and retain access to your files. Other features include public folders that let you share items with other people, regardless of whether they use the service, and near-instantaneous syncing of files as and when they’re changed.
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256-bit AES encryption and two-step verification mean your files are pretty safe and secure.
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For Ubuntu users Dropbox provides a native application that integrates tightly with the default file manager Nautilus. It offers an indicator applet for monitoring, sharing and managing sync; file and folder emblems; and some handy right-click menu options for quick sharing.
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- **2GB** Free Space
|
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- Referral Scheme
|
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- Paid plans start from $9.99/m for 100GB
|
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- **Multi-platform support** (Windows, Mac, iOS, Android, Blackberry & Linux)
|
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|
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> - [Learn More on the Dropbox Website][2]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Insync Integrates Google Drive on Linux
|
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|
||||
### Google Drive ###
|
||||
|
||||
#### Best for space and features ####
|
||||
|
||||
If you use Gmail or Google Docs then you’ll have, at some point or another, interacted with Google Drive. The search giant’s cloud service offers 15GB of free space in which to store your files, folders, photos and the like. These can be accessed from virtually any device with internet access and a fairly recent web browser or through dedicated mobile and desktop apps.
|
||||
|
||||
One of the neat things about Drive is that certain files do not count towards your free space quota; e.g., Google Docs files. Neither do files others have shared with you. Better still, any photos you upload to Google+ that have a resolution less than 2048 x 2048 are also hosted and synced gratis.
|
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|
||||
But Drive offers more than just space for your stuff. You also gain tight integration with Google’s own services, like Gmail, Google Docs and Google+.
|
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|
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While it’s not the easiest alternative to use on Ubuntu owing to a lack of official native support, there are a number of third party tools that allow you to sync your files locally and have all changes made uploaded back. The most popular third part app is InSync. It’s not free (costing a one-off fee of $15 for the basic account) but it is by far the best way to use it.
|
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|
||||
- 15GB Free Space
|
||||
- Paid plans start from $2.99/m for 100GB
|
||||
- Official apps for Windows, Mac, iOS and Android
|
||||
- Integrated into Chrome OS
|
||||
- Unofficial applications for Linux
|
||||
|
||||
> - [Learn More on the Google Drive Website][3]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Copy running on Ubuntu
|
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|
||||
### Copy ###
|
||||
|
||||
#### Best for Security Conscious ####
|
||||
|
||||
If popularity was based solely on the number of referral links that are posted in our comments section, then Copy would win the title hands down.
|
||||
|
||||
It may be less well known than other entrants on this list, but Copy, which is run by cloud enterprise giant Barracuda Networks, touts its robust security benefits the loudest.
|
||||
|
||||
Like Dropbox, Copy uses AES 256-bit encryption on all files but, unlike Dropbox, doesn’t not rely on third-party servers as all files are stored on the company’s own servers.
|
||||
|
||||
“With advanced features like secure sharing, source validation, and identity verification, you can breathe easy knowing your content can only be seen by the people you want,” they promise on their website.
|
||||
|
||||
Another of its unique advantages is that shared files and folders can be assigned to a single user so that they don’t count against the data storage limit for other users. Or, if preferred, the load can be shared between parties so that, for example, a 10GB file shared between 4 people would count as 2.5GB/each, rather than, as on Dropbox, 10GB each.
|
||||
|
||||
Google Drive offers something similar in that only the ‘sharer’ of a file has it count against their storage.
|
||||
|
||||
For desktop integration Copy spoil Linux users. The service supports native integration with **Nautilus, Thunar** and **Caja**, including sync folders and right-click options. An indicator applet/system tray item provides further control options, including a handy list of recently changed files.
|
||||
|
||||
- 15GB Free Space
|
||||
- Referral scheme
|
||||
- Paid plans start from $9.99/m for 250GB
|
||||
- Multi-platform support (Windows, Mac, iOS, Android & Linux)
|
||||
|
||||
> - [Learn More on the Copy Website][4]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Manage File Sync Yourself
|
||||
|
||||
### ownCloud ###
|
||||
|
||||
#### Best for privacy ####
|
||||
|
||||
If you’d rather not trust your data in other people’s hands but still want the convenience of a “personal cloud”, ownCloud is a free and open source cloud storage platform you can host yourself.
|
||||
|
||||
Like with other cloud storage services, ownCloud lets you sync and share your files across Windows, OS X, Linux, Android, and iOS. It also comes with calendar integration, photo gallery sharing, built-in support for (mounting) additional storage devices/services – e.g., FTP servers, Dropbox and Amazon S3 – and a slew of “apps” that can be added for additional features in the web interface, including a PDF viewer, text editor, and version control.
|
||||
|
||||
Packages are available for a number of distributions, including Ubuntu from 12.04 to 13.10.
|
||||
|
||||
> - [Learn More on the ownCloud Website][5]
|
||||
|
||||
Chances are some of you reading this will have you own favourite, so don’t take the four picks above as set in stone. Other options worth exploring before committing include [SpiderOak][6], Microsoft [OneDrive][7] and [Box][8].
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/04/three-alternatives-ubuntu-one
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/04/canonical-axe-ubuntu-one-file-music-services-grab-data-now
|
||||
[2]:http://dropbox.com/
|
||||
[3]:http://drive.google.com/
|
||||
[4]:https://www.copy.com/home/
|
||||
[5]:http://owncloud.org/
|
||||
[6]:https://spideroak.com/
|
||||
[7]:https://onedrive.live.com/
|
||||
[8]:https://www.box.com/
|
||||
112
sources/talk/20140607 Got Linux--Add Proprietary Code.md
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112
sources/talk/20140607 Got Linux--Add Proprietary Code.md
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Got Linux? Add Proprietary Code
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
> For some industries, running proprietary software on an open source Linux distro is not the exception -- it's the rule of thumb. Take, for example, the Wall Street crowd. "Ninety-nine percent of the applications on Wall Street depend on proprietary products. We are much like Oracle in that our product runs on Linux but has a proprietary license," said FSMLabs' President Victor Yodaiken.
|
||||
|
||||
Migrating to the Linux platform is not an either/or proposition. Linux as a computing platform is so flexible that it offers users a have-it-your-way menu of software options.
|
||||
|
||||
One option is the Linux desktop. Individual users in home computing, SOHO and SMB operations can choose from a variety of enterprise-class Linux distributions. The Linux desktop OS offers a no-cost or low-cost alternative to the frustrations of Microsoft Windows or the limitations of Apple's Unix-based OS X platform for its relatively costly Mac hardware.
|
||||
|
||||
Another migration path is to forgo acclimating office staff to the Linux desktop. Instead, enterprises can opt to run their back-office and server operations on a Linux server. Linux servers have a rigorous giant footprint in the networking and cloud computing worlds. Linux servers are commonplace in many other enterprise settings.
|
||||
|
||||
A third migration choice is to run a full Linux shop. Standard office computing software is readily available in open source packages for office suites, Web browsing and graphic production tasks. Open source database applications connect famously with back-end software and servers. Plus, Linux does not need hardware-specific buy-in requirements.
|
||||
|
||||
Staff training to use the Linux desktop applications often is needed only in small amounts. Thanks to workers' familiarity with cross-platform software such as LibreOffice and OpenOffice productivity suites, as well as Google Chrome and Firefox Web browsers, front-office communications rarely miss a beat.
|
||||
|
||||
Linux is flexible. A new trend is to create third-party proprietary software to suit your own enterprise needs. Commercial software firms can recompile must-have Windows or any other platform's software. They also can create task-specific Linux applications that combine off-the-shelf open source components with their own proprietary code.
|
||||
|
||||
"I believe this is becoming a new trend. Enterprises are using third-party proprietary software developed to work on the Linux OS. One of the factors pushing enterprises into migrating to Linux with custom-made software is the financial burden of continuing to pay Microsoft licensing fees," Dayan Jeremiah, CEO of [Icewarp Pacific][1], told LinuxInsider.
|
||||
|
||||
### Linux Does Proprietary ###
|
||||
|
||||
One of the biggest hurdles a company faces in migrating to any operating system is overseeing application compatibility. In the case of moving into Linux, an enterprise has to make sure that whatever software it uses is compatible with the Linux OS, noted Jeremiah.
|
||||
|
||||
The Linux OS has an arsenal of software that runs across the numerous distributions and Linux desktop environments. Depending on the industry involved, the vast open source community may not have a specific replacement for every specialized computing task. In that case, it is often cost-effective to roll your own with the help of a third-party software developer.
|
||||
|
||||
"Using a third-party software vendor helps to ensure this compatibility. For example, we are able to mix and match the software components together so that the application works on Linux," said Jeremiah.
|
||||
|
||||
### An Old Model Made New ###
|
||||
|
||||
A growing number of proprietary software firms, such as Icewarp, build specialized software to meet an enterprise's specific computing needs. They use many open source components in the mix.
|
||||
|
||||
The savings, compared to staying with the Microsoft infrastructure, involve not only licensing costs, but also reduced coding costs.
|
||||
|
||||
"We can build an entire software solution using readily available components for Linux. This entire solution is generally much more cost-effective, efficient and stable across the board," Jeremiah noted.
|
||||
|
||||
Icewarp does not develop the specialized software as free open source projects. It does not provide free versions and charge a fee for support. You order it and pay for it.
|
||||
|
||||
### Porting Code Can Be Chaotic ###
|
||||
|
||||
One hurdle in making software ported from another computing platform compatible with the Linux OS is the vast majority of Linux flavors, according to Jacob Loveless, CEO of [Lucera][2]. The Linux OS has a common kernel, but it has a lot of flavors.
|
||||
|
||||
"The problem develops when software companies have to cross-compile for multiple Linux systems," Loveless told LinuxInsider. "With the exception of Microsoft Exchange Server, most databases run exceptionally well on Linux. MySQL and PostSQL are probably to two most prominent open source versions."
|
||||
|
||||
The majority of the hurdles in porting software to Linux require recompiling the code. Usually there are platform-specific things you have to do to make it work, he said.
|
||||
|
||||
For example, if you have proprietary code bases written in .Net or other languages for Windows, the open source compiler that runs on Linux is not always compatible. So you have a lot of application work you have to redo, Loveless explained.
|
||||
|
||||
Another example involves using databases. You often have to port to a different database and a different Web server.
|
||||
|
||||
"There is definitely work there," said Loveless.
|
||||
|
||||
### A Lot Is Not Enough ###
|
||||
|
||||
Another compatibility issue in migrating to Linux is the type of open source software a company needs.
|
||||
|
||||
"There are not enough open source solutions for all of the specialized enterprise needs," maintained IceWarp's Jeremiah, "but whatever is available for Linux in general, we feel is sufficient. What is not provided by the communities for specialized business applications can be built by third-party software firms."
|
||||
|
||||
For example, IceWarp recently built a specialized Linux-compatible application that required no additional hardware purchase and no additional licensing fees.
|
||||
|
||||
The specialized software included a clustered set of load balancers, a cluster of database servers and a cluster set of IP servers. All of it runs on a standard Red Hat Enterprise Linux or CentOS Linux distro.
|
||||
|
||||
### Follow the Money ###
|
||||
|
||||
In some cases, you can follow the money trail to the Linux OS. Sometimes it is the Linux server that has heavily populated an industry. Other times it is a particular Linux desktop application -- or it could be both.
|
||||
|
||||
Take, for example, the Wall Street crowd. In financial markets, time synchronization becomes critical. The financial networks rely on distributive networks where users have to work with time locks to complete transactions. Other applications require very precise timing before a transaction can be executed. These are functions that require precise time synchronization controls, explained Victor Yodaiken, president of [FSMLabs][3].
|
||||
|
||||
When FSMLabs started developing its TimeKeeper time synchronization software, Yodaiken expected there soon would be a need to develop a Windows version.
|
||||
|
||||
However, "it turned out that everybody who is doing automated trading or low-latency trading or even collecting data at high precision is running Linux in this market," he told LinuxInsider.
|
||||
|
||||
### Time Is Costly ###
|
||||
|
||||
FSMLabs uses proprietary code that runs on Linux. The Network Time Protocol built into Linux does not adequately synchronize time into nanoseconds for software that tracks stock and trade transactions. Windows falls short for another reason.
|
||||
|
||||
"I think Linux's popularity over Windows is that Windows does not have a standard API which lets you get time below a millisecond. So Windows does not really do you any good. You have to have specialized APIs. With Linux, you do not have to screw around with your application program," Yodaiken said.
|
||||
|
||||
The financial markets were one of the first to embrace Linux. Many of the early systems managers came up from [Bell Labs][4] in the 1980s, so it is a very established market, he added.
|
||||
|
||||
### Filling a Need ###
|
||||
|
||||
For some industries, running proprietary software on an open source Linux distro is not the exception -- it's the rule of thumb.
|
||||
|
||||
"Ninety-nine percent of the applications on Wall Street depend on proprietary products. We are much like Oracle in that our product runs on Linux but has a proprietary license," said FSMLabs' Yodaiken.
|
||||
|
||||
Some markets that run Linux need more specialized software than what's available as open source products. Existing open source software just does not meet their requirements. That is why software developers provide commercial offerings for enterprise Linux operations, he added.
|
||||
|
||||
"That is pretty common. Open source is really best suited for big markets. That is why it has wide, general requirements. Not too many people would have to have a one microsecond correct time all the time -- and alarms if they can't get it," he pointed out.
|
||||
|
||||
### Linux Purism Is Pointless ###
|
||||
|
||||
The concept of maintaining a totally free open source software infrastructure on the Linux OS may fall short when it comes to running specialized software. That reality holds true for any specialized business.
|
||||
|
||||
When a specialized computing need does not impact a wide user market, a third-party software developer can provide a proprietary, commercial or closed source software solution. Call it what you will. Open source purity might become a thing of the past as businesses continue to adopt the Linux OS.
|
||||
|
||||
"Having commercial software prominent on the Linux OS is fairly common," said Yodaiken. "People in business are not purists. They just want to solve problems."
|
||||
|
||||
Jack M. Germain has been writing about computer technology since the early days of the Apple II and the PC. He still has his original IBM PC-Jr and a few other legacy DOS and Windows boxes. He left shareware programs behind for the open source world of the Linux desktop. He runs several versions of Windows and Linux OSes and often cannot decide whether to grab his tablet, netbook or Android smartphone instead of using his desktop or laptop gear. You can connect with him on Google+.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/80555.html
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.icewarp.com/
|
||||
[2]:https://lucerahq.com
|
||||
[3]:http://www.fsmlabs.com/
|
||||
[4]:http://www.bell-labs.com/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
|
||||
How to turn Vim into a full-fledged IDE
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
If you code a little, you know how handy an Integrated Development Environment (IE) can be. Java, C, Python, they all become a lot more accessible when the IDE software is checking the syntax for you, compiling in the background, or importing the libraries you need. On the other hand, if you are on Linux, you might also know how handy Vim can be when it comes to text editing. So naturally, you would like to get all the features of an IDE from Vim.
|
||||
|
||||
In fact, there are quite a few ways to do so. One could think of [c.vim][1] which attempts to transform Vim into a C oriented IDE, or [Eclim][2] which merges Vim into Eclipse. However, I would like to propose you a more generalist approach using only plugins. You do not want to bloat your editor with too many panels or features. Instead, the plugin approach lets you choose what you put into your Vim. As a bonus, the result will not be language-specific, allowing you to code in anything. So here is my **top 10 list of plugins which brings IDE features to Vim**.
|
||||
|
||||
### Bonus: Pathogen ###
|
||||
|
||||
First of all, we might not all be familiar with plugins for Vim, and how to install them. This is why the first plugin that I recommend is Pathogen, as it will allow you to install other plugins more easily. That way, if you want to install another plugin for Vim not listed here, you will be able to do so easily. The [official page][3] is really well documented, so go visit it to download and install. From there installing the rest of the plugins will be easy.
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. SuperTab ###
|
||||
|
||||
[][4]
|
||||
|
||||
The first thing we get used to in an IDE is auto-completion feature. For that, I like the plugin [SuperTab][5] which comes in quite handy, giving "super powers" to the tabulation key.
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Syntastic ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
If you tend to code in more than one language, it is really easy to confuse the syntax at some point. Hopefully, [syntastic][6] will check it for you, and tell you if should put brackets or parentheses for that conditional, or remind you that you forgot a semi-colon somewhere.
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Auto Pairs ###
|
||||
|
||||
Another thing that drives most of the coders insane: did I write this last parenthesis or not?! Everyone hates counting with your finger all the parentheses you put so far. To deal with that, I use [Auto Pairs][7], which automatically inserts and formats parentheses and brackets.
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. NERD Commenter ###
|
||||
|
||||
Then if you are looking for a quick shortcut to comment code, regardless of the programming language, you can turn to [NERD Commenter][8]. Even if you are not a programmer, I really really recommend this plugin as it just so efficient while commenting bash scripts or anything in your system.
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. Snipmate ###
|
||||
|
||||
Any programmer knows that a good coders codes, but an excellent one reuses. For that, [snipmate][9] will easily insert code snippets into your file and greatly reduce your typing. It comes by default with a lot of snippets for various languages, but you can also easily add yours to the list.
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. NERDTree ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
To manage a big project, it is always a good idea to split the code into different files. Just basic good coding practices. And to keep all this files in mind, [NERDTree][10] is a nice file browser to use straight from Vim.
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. MiniBufferExplorer ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
To complement a file explorer, there is nothing better than a good buffer manager to have more than one file open at any time. [MiniBufferExplorer][11] does the job well and efficiently. It even sets different colors for your buffers as well as easy shortcuts to switch the focus.
|
||||
|
||||
### 8. Tag List ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
When you have more than one file open at any given time, it is easy to forget what you put in them. To prevent that, [Tag List][12] is a code visualizer that will display the different variables and functions written in a nice compact format.
|
||||
|
||||
### 9. undotree ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
For all of us who like to undo, redo, and undo again some modifications to see how the compilation evolves, [undotree][13] is a nice plugin to see your undo and redo edits in a tree. This kind of functionality is clearly not limited to code, so this is a plugin that I like a lot.
|
||||
|
||||
### 10. gdbmgr ###
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, last but not least, anyone needs a good debugger at some point. If you like gdb, then [gdbmgr][14] is for you as it integrates the famous debugger to Vim.
|
||||
|
||||
To conclude, whether you are an insane coder or not, it is always handy to have a few extra functions of Vim at hand at any time. Like I said in the introduction, you do not have to install all these plugins if you do not need them, or you might want to install different ones. But this is definitely a solid basis.
|
||||
|
||||
What plugins do you use for Vim? Or how would you complement this top 10? Please let us know in the comments.
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/06/turn-vim-full-fledged-ide.html
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=213
|
||||
[2]:http://eclim.org/
|
||||
[3]:https://github.com/tpope/vim-pathogen
|
||||
[4]:https://www.flickr.com/photos/xmodulo/14332189422/
|
||||
[5]:https://github.com/ervandew/supertab
|
||||
[6]:https://github.com/scrooloose/syntastic
|
||||
[7]:https://github.com/jiangmiao/auto-pairs
|
||||
[8]:https://github.com/scrooloose/nerdcommenter
|
||||
[9]:https://github.com/garbas/vim-snipmate
|
||||
[10]:https://github.com/scrooloose/nerdtree
|
||||
[11]:http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=159
|
||||
[12]:http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=273
|
||||
[13]:https://github.com/mbbill/undotree
|
||||
[14]:http://vim.sourceforge.net/scripts/script.php?script_id=4104
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
|
||||
New OpenSSL breach is no Heartbleed, but needs to be taken seriously
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
> Summary: While the newest OpenSSL security problems are troubling, and you should address it, it's nothing as bad as Heartbleed.
|
||||
|
||||
It's been a bad week for open-source Secure Socket Layer (SSL) programs.
|
||||
|
||||
First, the obscure, [GnuTLS was revealed to have a trivial][1] but damning flaw. Then, the massively popular OpenSSL was found to have [a man-in-the-middle vulnerability][2]. After the [Heartbleed fiasco][3], OpenSSL needed this like a hole in the head.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
This vulnerability, according to Adam Langley, a senior staff software engineer at Google, has been [around for at least 15 years][4]. It's a pity the Core Infrastructure Initiative (CII) [riding to OpenSSL's rescue with more developer funding][5] didn't happen any sooner than it did.
|
||||
|
||||
That said, this bug is still is nowhere near as bad as Heartbleed. For starters, an attacker needs to be running a system between the web browser or other SSL-enabled client program to make use of the security hole.
|
||||
|
||||
Be that as it may, you still need to address it by upgrading as soon as possible. As Chris Camejo, Director of Assessment Services for [NTT Com Security][6] said in an e-mail interview, "It's bad because it has been around for a long time and looks to be fairly widespread."
|
||||
|
||||
He added: "If exploited it would allow the attacker to decrypt traffic. This is serious given that the whole point of SSL is to encrypt traffic and it is widely used to protect passwords, credit card numbers, and all other manner of sensitive transactions that happen on web sites as well as certain email connections."
|
||||
|
||||
In a separate interview, Mark Cox, Red Hat's senior director of product security, [went into deeper detail][7]. Cox said, OpenSSL has fixed a number of security flaws, but given the Heartbleed episode we needed to find a way to tell people not to panic.
|
||||
|
||||
Cox explained that Heartbleed had been patched before it was revealed but news of the exploit spread before news of the patches, hence so much of the upset around it. In this latest case, there have been seven security issues patched but only two of them need concern administrators and users.
|
||||
|
||||
The first, Cox continued, is the Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) bug. There is no known exploit of it at this time, but there is the potential for a successful attack against it.
|
||||
|
||||
Therefore, while DTLS is not widely used, if you do use it, it should be patched as soon as possible.
|
||||
|
||||
Cox then said the "real meat of the issue is the man-in-the-middle attack." Even here, for this work, someone really must be "in the middle" between a vulnerable server and client to make use of the hole.
|
||||
|
||||
But if someone can do this, they could "bypass SSL and get to the raw data... This is quite a serious issue."
|
||||
|
||||
Still, with Heartbleed anyone could theoretically exploit vulnerable SSL servers. To attack using this hole would require network access to the traffic between the client and server. For example, a successful attack might be made with a fake coffee house Wi-Fi access point being used to connect the Android version of the Chrome Web browser and an unpatched Web server. Fortunately, Google has [already released an updated version of this browser][8], 35.0.1916.141, to eliminate this problem.
|
||||
|
||||
The most vulnerable systems, according to Cox, are unpatched Android devices using a bogus Wi-Fi hot spot. Morrell added that since Android users are at the mercy of their phone vendors and telcos for security updates they may be stuck with vulnerabilities for quite a long time.
|
||||
|
||||
Fortunately, if the servers they connect with have been updated, they still can't be attacked.
|
||||
|
||||
The OpenSSL security community has known about this problem since early May. The group, working with Red Hat, other major Linux and open-source groups, and hardware vendors, went to a great deal of trouble to not simply patch the bug but to take the next steps of testing the repair, so that they could be as certain (as anyone can ever be in security) that it would fix the hole, but also not introduce any new security problems, and work with most combinations of OpenSSL servers and clients.
|
||||
|
||||
Now that the patch is out there, OpenSSL is trying to get the solid facts, as well as the patch, out to people so there won't be any undue panic over these problems. Cox added that the major Linux vendors, such as Red Hat and Ubuntu, already have the patches available.
|
||||
|
||||
All server administrators need do is to download and install them and instead of a security crisis this will prove to be business as usual.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.zdnet.com/new-openssl-breech-is-no-heartbleed-but-needs-to-be-taken-seriously-7000030273/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.zdnet.com/another-serious-gnutls-bug-exposes-linux-clients-to-server-attacks-7000030205
|
||||
[2]:http://www.zdnet.com/openssl-fixes-another-severe-vulnerability-7000030253/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.zdnet.com/heartbleed-serious-openssl-zero-day-vulnerability-revealed-7000028166
|
||||
[4]:https://www.imperialviolet.org/2014/06/05/earlyccs.html
|
||||
[5]:http://www.zdnet.com/corporations-put-their-cash-where-their-open-source-security-is-7000030023/
|
||||
[6]:http://www.nttcomsecurity.com/us/
|
||||
[7]:http://ec.libsyn.com/p/6/a/5/6a58036510bae37c/CloudEvangelistPodcast_Ep92_MarkCox.mp3?d13a76d516d9dec20c3d276ce028ed5089ab1ce3dae902ea1d06c88537d1ce596fdc&c_id=7251647)
|
||||
[8]:http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com/2014/06/chrome-for-android-update.html
|
||||
178
sources/talk/20140607 Raspberry Pi In Schools.md
Normal file
178
sources/talk/20140607 Raspberry Pi In Schools.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
|
||||
Raspberry Pi In Schools
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
> Teaching the world to code is a noble goal, but how is it going to work in practice?
|
||||
|
||||
Two years ago, when the Raspberry Pi launched, it was with the intention of improving IT education in the UK. Since then more powerful, better connected or cheaper boards have come onto the market, but the Pi retains its position as the white knight of ICT teaching.
|
||||
|
||||
Why? Because of the community of users that has grown up around it. To find out more we travelled west to Manchester, venue for the second annual Jamboree – a festival of educators, makers and messer-abouters focussed on highlighting how engaging the Pi can be. There, we met 75% of the Raspberry Pi Foundation’s education team – Ben Nuttall, Clive Beale and Carrie Anne Philbin – to discuss IT teaching in the UK.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: So, Raspberry Pi education team, we were saying earlier that the obvious place to start is with the UK government’s Year of Code initiative, but that seems far too negative to being with!
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Yeah, but there’s so much to say about it!
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: I think it’s a fantastic initiative, which just represents everything we stand for, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah!
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: Should we just leave that then?
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: I mean the main issue is how the media portray computing, which is a brilliant, creative, rigorous, hard, challenging, fun thing, to just reduced to ‘this code’. ‘We must learn to code.’ ‘You better learn code or you’re a rubbish teacher.’ Which of course is not the case at all, it’s so much more than that. And so the teachers are running around now thinking the sky’s falling because they think that by September 2014, if they can’t code, then they’ve failed and they’ll think their kids have failed, and it’s a really bad message. There hasn’t been a simple message to say this is not the case, get out into the playground with some chalk and make a maze and do some computing, to teach them how to use a computer. No politician has stepped in to say this is not the case and they haven’t asked teachers who would tell them this isn’t the case. And that’s the problem. Where are the teachers? Where are the people that are actually teaching?
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: As you’ve just left teaching to join the Raspberry Pi Foundation, what are your thought Carrie Anne?
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: It feels like a lot longer than two months, it feels like an eternity!
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: Is that bad?
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: No no, not at all! Because teachings so fast paced in that you’re seeing the results of what you’re doing in class straight away, whereas being out of the classroom for the past two months and working the Foundation, I can’t actually see the impact I’m having, but obviously people are talking to me and saying I am having an impact. It’s just very different to what I was seeing before. Clive always said there’s a massive difference between teaching and being a teacher. There are a lot of people we talk to who run Raspberry Jams, workshops, CoderDoJos and that kind of thing, and they always say ‘Oh, it’s really easy, you just do this, this and this.’ And it’s like, great, but you’ve got kids coming to you that *want* to learn this stuff. Imagine a class where you’ve got a bunch of kids who aren’t interested or engaged by this subject and actually teaching is much harder…
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: Maybe 15 year olds on a Friday afternoon…
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Yes, a six-period day, end of the week…
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: Ofsted saying, ‘Why haven’t your kids developed after 20 minutes in your lesson? Why haven’t they progressed?’. It’s very different.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: It’s very different, yep.
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: So you have some idea of how things should be done because of your recent experience?
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Yes.
|
||||
|
||||
> The Raspberry Jams have done an excellent job of bringing people together from all walks of life
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: Are we, in general as a society, doing the right things?
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: I think so. I think what’s been really nice about the Raspberry Pi community is that is gives back to the community. So there are experts, there are people who love what they do, who are reaching out to teachers and reaching out to children by running workshops and clubs and things. And it’s actually that collaboration that produces the best materials and produces the best way to move forward with the new curriculum. I mean, the work I did as a teacher producing the Sonic Pi was a team of work. That was because I worked with, yes an academic, but he was an expert. He wanted to develop a teaching environment that I could use with my students to teach tech-based programing in a fun and engaging way, that engaged both genders and engaged both low ability students and high ability students. It’s a tech-based programming language, which is important at Key Stage 3 where you need to not just be able to teach Scratch, you need to teach a tech-based language that’s nice bridge between Starch and something like Python, which we can teach later on. So, yeah, I think we are moving in the right direction. It would be nicer if the powers that be…
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: It would be nice to see that as a microcosm of how these things actually happen. So as an academic has a brilliant idea and they’re very good at what they do, and then they come to a teacher and say ‘How can we make this useful in the classroom?’, ‘How can we get assessment in there?’, which schools needs frankly, ‘How do we make it robust?’, ‘How can we test it?’. And isn’t that a weird idea, to actually ask the people that teach how we should do that? It hasn’t happened really. But, yes, as Carrie says, we’re going in the right direction, certainly. The community and third parties are doing more to push it along.
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: From someone outside a little bit, it kind of looks like this community has sort of spontaneously developed around the Raspberry Pi. Has this always been there or has it just become more obvious now?
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: I think it’s always been there. I was a teacher so when Raspberry Pi first came out I got one. It got it and then I was like, this is brilliant! Someone’s developed something for education. A Linux box that we can use in the classroom. It’s cheap, it’s brilliant!
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: And mess about with.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Yeah, it’s going to be great! And then I was like, right, so where are the resources to go with it? Ah, there aren’t any. Then I was like, so where can I go and find some? The first obvious place was Raspberry Jam. There are people running events where they’re doing stuff. So I thought I’ll go along and speak to some people, and see what’s available. And it was through that that I met people to work with, and they’d formed that themselves, the enthusiasts from throughout the community around the Raspberry Pi.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: It’s been a focus, hasn’t it? There’s been a lot of people sort of hanging around, saying ‘Look, I like tinkering, I like messing, I like coding, I like making’, and this thing appeared which was cheap and cheerful and fantastic to play around with, and I think it was a focus. It was waiting to happen really.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Carrie Ann Philbin, The Raspberry Pi Foundation’s Education Pioneer
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: Was there anything equivalent to Raspberry Jams before the Raspberry Pi came along for people and teachers to come together?
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Well teachers tend to generally get together through things like TeachMeets and through Twitter, and those kinds of chat tools. There are ways that you can get together, but that’s more talking about teaching practice. Like the different ways you can use a sentence. It’s very teachery, it wasn’t specific to teaching computing.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: I think hardware-wise, Raspberry Pi was in the right place and the right time.
|
||||
|
||||
**Ben**: The Jams done a really good job of bringing people together. The people, like myself, who were attending user groups that are interested in tech and really passionate about it, have got a chance to share that interest with the wider community. There were families coming in, teachers coming in, and they were just sharing what they were doing. And the skills they already had, and I was already programming in Python and things like that just on the desktop, and the Pi came along and it opened up this way of plugging into the real world and all the other things the Pi brings with it. Just being about to use those skills and pass them on, I got myself involved in Education through that.
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: So you weren’t a teacher before then?
|
||||
|
||||
**Ben**: No, I was a software developer.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: This is what’s great about the education team at Raspberry Pi. It’s 50% ex-teachers and 50% software developers. We need people like Ben and Dave (Honess).
|
||||
|
||||
**Ben**: Yes, some people have ideas for things and think this could be an engaging exercise, but they may not know exactly how to deliver it, or how it’s going to work. They might not know how exactly a teacher is supposed to produce something to use that, but they have an end goal and working with someone else can help achieve that.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: Yeah, you’re right, the real key is the mix. So you’re getting teachers and engineers and developers and families. Before, they might have been on a Linux user group, they might have been a teacher group, and you’re just bringing a bunch of different people together and that just (to use a horrible word!) synergizes stuff.
|
||||
(Everyone LOL)
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: Yes, I did it! I said synergizes! I’m buying a copy of the magazine now.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: There’s something that comes about from getting all those different types of people together is that it breeds this wonderful learning environment that you cannot reproduce. Like, you were running a Picamera workshop this morning. So that was run by people who run Jams who are from industry. And what was really nice is that there were teachers and there were people who had come for the Jamboree from industry that were helping the teachers do stuff. And there was this environment that was like, it’s ok to not know something, it’s ok to ask a question, it’s ok to get it wrong and make mistakes. And that’s really powerful because sometimes teachers are afraid perhaps of saying they don’t know.
|
||||
|
||||
**Ben**: So at this workshop, we gave people an intro to building a real application around the camera. So it’s not just ‘Oh, there’s a camera and you can take pictures’. It was ‘Ok, let’s plug in a button, and attach that to the Pi and let’s make that be the button for the camera’. And just a simple intro like that opens up a world of possibilities. Sometimes a lot of these things like the Jam, just gives you a lot of inspiration. Or if you see something in a magazine or online, or on Twitter, and you think somebody’s done that with the Pi, I’d really like to do that project in my garden or I’d like to do that myself and twist it and use some of the libraries they’ve used or used some of the codebase they’ve used and take it in their own direction.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: Like it’s not a button, it’s a sensor for when your parents walk into your bedroom, it then tweets it as they walk in.
|
||||
|
||||
**Ben**: And everyone’s got a different way of thinking. If you’re in classroom of 30 kids and you show them how to make a button do this, each of them is thinking ‘Oh I can make a such and such’. They’ll all have a different idea. And some of them will just go straight home and make one. And some of them would need a lot more guidance.
|
||||
|
||||
> Every teacher needs more time off their timetable to develop their skills
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: Are there some kids that just don’t get it at all?
|
||||
|
||||
**Ben**: I think there’s something for everyone, but they might not find it straight away. If you delivered a term’s worth of content for a class, with a good scope of different projects, I’d be surprised if there was one kid that wasn’t interested in any of it or didn’t find any of it engaging.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: It’s almost an antidote for kids not getting it. With teaching music, you’ll have people that are level 5 or 6 while others can’t read music. Because computing is creative and engaging, we don’t all have to become master coders. With Scratch, it’s a visual language and you’ll find that quite often you’ll get what are classed as low ability kids that just rip into that and do fantastic things because it’s the first time they’ve been allowed to get ideas out of their heads and make something with it. And before, if they’ve had problems with writing and numeracy, they haven’t been able to do that. There are case studies with young boys that aren’t very good at reading and writing but they start telling stories when you give them an environment where they can actually do these things. So it’s brilliant tool to actually fight the opposite. It’s not that they don’t get it. There’s something for everybody.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Linux Voice’s Andrew Gregory asks Clive Beale a tough question
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: Pre-Raspberry Pi, in the dark ages of about 5 years ago, before the ICT revolution, what would those children be doing? Would they have responded to ICT at all?
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: In a classroom, you have a network of computers that are all on lockdown. You’ve got your network administrator and team of technicians, and they do a wonderful job and I certainly wouldn’t slate them – I was a technician once. But we were living in a time where you had to lock down the internet, which I disagree with, I think it should be open. And all the computers, you can’t execute any files on them, so you can’t actually teach any programming on them. So that was a problem for me.
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: Is that changing?
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: I think it is changing, and will change with the new curriculum. For me as a teacher, what was great when the Raspberry Pi came along is that I don’t actually need those computers around the outside any more.
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: So you don’t need permission.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Here’s my box full of Pis, let’s just get them out.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: I’ll install what you want, do what I want.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Yeah, you can break it. And that’s ok, you just flash it and start again.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: In 1997, they put the C back in ICT and suddenly it became this thing that you had to teach. The curriculum wasn’t really that bad. A lot of people moan about it, but if you actually sat down and read it, it was quite flexible and did let you do take control and make programming and coding interesting. But because resources are so important to schools, you just ended up doing the easy things.
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: But when you said about kids using Scratch and becoming motivated to do other things, that would never have happened before the Raspberry Pi came along.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: Yes, it was more just following what the teacher said, ‘And now we’re going to write a letter to the cinema’ or something. That’s like giving someone a Ferrari and saying you’ve just got to drive in this room for half an hour. So you’ve given them this fantastic tool for exploration and creativity, and you’re saying we’ve got to do this. Whereas with the computing thing, especially things like Scratch, just lets them think, ‘Ok, I can do a movie, I can do a little flip frame animation, or you know what, I can actually make a game’. And then suddenly they’re doing stuff that they haven’t had the opportunity to do.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Yeah, and I think that ICT curriculum was about 12 years out of date. It was created and it wasn’t updated.
|
||||
|
||||
> you can break it. And that’s ok, you just flash it and start again
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: Obviously quite a lot has changed in computing education according to the media over the last couple of years in the UK. Broadly speaking, it is getting better?
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Yes.
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: What are the parts that pushed it to be better.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: I think the teachers. They’re the ones in the classroom that have to teach the curriculum. When I became a teacher, I was already working in a school and I kept putting it off becoming a teacher because the curriculum bored me. But then I realised that, when I actually got into the classroom, I was able to put my own spin on it. I think it started with the teachers. Those people saying we want a new curriculum, we want to teach this and it’s engaging the kids and they’re learning something. I think it started there and then I think industry picked up on the fact that that was happening and they wanted more industry experts. And then the government got involved and it snowballed really.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: Scratch was a big word-of-mouth thing wasn’t it. It was about mid-2000 when it came out, and suddenly you just found that any teacher worth their salt was using it for their ICT curriculum because it taught about control.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: HTML as well. HTML has been on the curriculum for years. We’ve been teaching HTML in Notepad for years.
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: What are going to be the big things pushing it forward over the next few years?
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: I think more of the same really. It’ll be teachers, it’s always the teachers. They’re the ones that come to the Jamboree and this kind of thing, and learn from people like Ben and that sort of collaboration. That’s where it starts. The teachers see what can be done, and they start doing it, and they’ll be more of that. And there are initiatives like code clubs and the Master Teachers are great.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: Teachers are meeting up more when before may not have been getting together.
|
||||
|
||||
**Ben**: And as well as there being a more content, I think they’ll be convergence of a lot of this stuff. So, because the Raspberry Pi doesn’t have any official resources right now, some people are going off and writing their own. I think they’ll be a convergence of people pulling their ideas together and there’ll be a more centralised system for that. And we’ll be helping the community out with that.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: ‘We’ll be at the forefront of that’, is that quote!
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: You haven’t mentioned government policy, or anything like that at all. Is that a negative thing or just by-the-by?
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: I was at the Westminster forum yesterday and they had a chap from the DFE there, and I couldn’t resist it, so I got the mic and said you haven’t really taken it seriously have you? He turned round and said, we have *really* take it seriously. This idea that we can just bring in a new program of study and saying ‘Oh, aren’t we wonderful’, because Eric Schmidt’s speech and going over that, and suddenly we’re made it all better for you. But you haven’t, you just seemed to have done something that a lot of teachers are now scared of. So there’s a lot of work to do, and we’re really positive. But no, the government have not, in my personal opinion, given the money or the support or the thought behind this. If you go to Jersey, it’s such a great contrast. 6 million pounds, 100 thousand people on the island – the size of Cambridge. Compared to the 53 million in England and parts of the UK. This is in England initially, it’s not in Scotland and Wales. They’re got the infrasture, fibre to the door in every school, linking into businesses, £2 million CPD for teachers, well that’s practically what the government pay for the whole of England. So, have you taken it seriously, no. I think they’ve completing underestimated what’s involved. They thought the teachers would just pick it up and have the time and resources, which we don’t have the time for.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Maggie Philbin has been leading a UK digital skills taskforce, of which I’m part the team. We’re looking at where the skill shortages are and what are digital skills. Because there’s going to a whole group of kids who are now 14 to 16 who are going to leave the education system who haven’t had new programs like these. They were on the old program, so we’re looking at who will be deskilled and what we can do about that. So hopefully that report will inform government policy.
|
||||
|
||||
**Ben**: There must be a generation of people that don’t have their own website.
|
||||
|
||||
**LV**: If there’s one thing you could change about government policy, what would it be?
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: It really is to do with support for teachers. This idea that teachers would be able to, especially primary school teachers where you have to teach a range of subjects, suddenly go off, and even the guy yesterday said, well there’s loads of third party resources, but you’ve still got to go out and get them and try them out and learn and bring them all together.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: Time. One of the biggest recommendations that I would say is time. Every teacher needs more time off their timetable to develop their skills, especially in an area like this that they perhaps think they’re weak. Because it takes a while to set things up and start your learning. As a teacher, you get like a 30 period timetable, you’re teaching for about 22 lessons of that with about 7 free periods, but some of those you’ll be covering for another lesson and some of those I need to plan my lesson and mark. They need time.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: If you look at science, so if you’re a chemistry or biology teacher at secondary, there’s a scheme where you can re-skill to physics and they will give you free periods, huge bursary, and they’ll also take you off timetable one day a week to go off and go to other schools and retrain, and maybe pay for the cover. And this is the government doing this, and if you do this, this and this, you come out as an accredited physics teacher. So they took that seriously, but yet here’s a brand new subject and they’re expecting people just to pick up and run with it, and it’s completely inadequate.
|
||||
|
||||
**Carrie Anne**: But it’s not just time to learn something, it’s also time to go and meet industry people. Like go to a company and be in there and work and learn from them, and see what the world is like. Because some people, they went through education, went to university and became a teacher, so they’ve never left this school environment and they’ve got no idea of what the world of work is like.
|
||||
|
||||
**Ben**: I think there are some people in the current government that seem to think there should just be this package, and this is what you should deliver as your syllabus this year. Everyone is treated the same. Each teacher has their own class, and they’re all different, with different ways of engaging their interest. It needs to be tailored, so the teacher needs to take that material, and perhaps look on our site in the next year and say, well this one looks quite suitable for my class, or this one might be a good one to do.
|
||||
|
||||
**Clive**: It’s so long term. The government also do not understand that this is long term. So if you’re going to start teaching at 5 about algorithms and a bit of code and Scratch, what happens further down the line. The secondary school teacher will be saying, I can’t teach them Scratch anymore, which is what we do in Year 7 at the moment. So it’s actually quite a long term thing and things will continue to change over the next several years until that pipeline becomes full. And they’ve unbelievably said here’s £2 million, do some training for September 2014. What’s 2014 got to do with it? This is five, six, seven years down the line.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.linuxvoice.com/education-education-education/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
|
||||
Cup 2014 Brazil: Watch FIFA World Cup 2014 Competition in Your Linux Desktop
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Football is the most played and most watched sports on Earth. The present form of football originated in Britain. Football players run an average of more than six miles during a single match. Over one billion fans watched last world cup football matches on Television. This figure is estimated to rise on an above note, this year.
|
||||
|
||||
Yeah! 2014 FIFA World Cup is going to start from 12th of June and will last on 13th of July. This will be the 20th FIFA World Cup, which is scheduled to be played in Brazil. A total of 32 countries are participating in this event.
|
||||
|
||||
For the fan-boys of football, here we are going to throw light on an application software called “icup 2014 Brazil”, which will update you with latest scores, keep tracks of the match score of your favourite team. Here in this article we will be discussing its features, usages, installation, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
iCup 2014 Brazil
|
||||
|
||||
### What is icup 2014 Brazil? ###
|
||||
|
||||
icup 2014 Brazil is an application which is capable of keeping a track of match results of the FIFA world cup 2014 into your Linux desktop, starting shortly.
|
||||
|
||||
### Features of icup 2014 Brazil ###
|
||||
|
||||
- Adaptive User Interface, i.e., auto-resize of user interface.
|
||||
- Fast Access to Statistics.
|
||||
- Social Network Sharing Enabled, which extends to Facebook, Twitter and Google+.
|
||||
- Latest one is – Retina display Support.
|
||||
- Detailed data with time events and Statistics related to match and Team.
|
||||
- Audio Kit which comprise of the ‘National-Anthem’ of all the participating countries (32) in high quality effect along with the stadium background sound which makes the whole thing real.
|
||||
- An inbuilt calendar with the support of time zone for better understanding of events in local time zone, grouping of data and statistics for real time comparison groupable by day or stage, Graphical 2nd stage table, Result and Scores of Teams in real time.
|
||||
- Proxy support.
|
||||
|
||||
### Platforms and Architecture Supported ###
|
||||
|
||||
The application is designed to run on all major platforms including **Mac**, **Windows** and **Linux**. For the point of Linux, it is important to mention that the application is designed for **x86** processor only. However installing an **x86** application on **x86_64** architecture is possible. We have to tweak a little to make it work **x86_64** systems.
|
||||
|
||||
#### An insight of the Technical Specification on different Platforms ####
|
||||
|
||||
- Live Result, Calendar, Grouping of Data, 2nd stage Table, Social Network Linking and Multi-language support – Available for all supported platform.
|
||||
- Retina Display – No support in Windows and Linux, however supported in Mac OS.
|
||||
- Detailed Statistics – Supported in Linux. Donation-ware for Windows and Mac.
|
||||
- Audio Kit – Supported in Mac and Linux. Unknown for Windows.
|
||||
|
||||
**Important**: As visible in the above specification, some of the features like detailed specification are not available on platform other than Linux, for free. It is just to support Server and Bandwidth cost. For a Linux user, nothing needs to be cared about as far as detailed statistics are concerned, a proud moment.
|
||||
|
||||
### Installing iCup 2014 Brazil in Linux ###
|
||||
|
||||
First go to official [iCup 2014 Brazil download][1] page and download application according to your platform and architecture.
|
||||
|
||||
#### On 32-Bit System ####
|
||||
|
||||
# cd Downloads/
|
||||
# tar xvf iCup_2014_FREE-Brazil_1.1_linux.tar.bz2
|
||||
# cd iCup\ 2014\ FREE\ -\ Brazil\ 1.1/
|
||||
# chmod 755 iCup\ 2014\ FREE\ -\ Brazil
|
||||
|
||||
As I said above, this application is designed for x86 systems only. In order to Install a 32 bit application on 64 bit architecture, we need to prepare our system by installing some packages – **GTK+2** and **libstdc++.so.6**.
|
||||
|
||||
Well not for this Application only, but there are a whole lot of application in Linux which is not supported in 64-bit e.g., **Skype**. We need to build our System to install those applications.
|
||||
|
||||
#### On 64-Bit Systems ####
|
||||
|
||||
Install **GTK+2** and **libstdc++so.6**, using apt or yum command as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-0 libstdc++6 [on Debian based systems]
|
||||
|
||||
If you get any dependency error, run the following command to resolve those dependencies
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get -f install
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
# yum install gtk2 libstdc++ [on RedHat based systems]
|
||||
|
||||
Once all the required packages are installed. Now the System is capable of running 32 bit applications on 64-bit systems, now go the directory where you’ve downloaded ‘**iCup 2014 Brazil**‘ package and run the following commands to install it.
|
||||
|
||||
# cd Downloads/
|
||||
# tar xvf iCup_2014_FREE-Brazil_1.1_linux.tar.bz2
|
||||
# cd iCup\ 2014\ FREE\ -\ Brazil\ 1.1/
|
||||
# chmod 755 iCup\ 2014\ FREE\ -\ Brazil
|
||||
|
||||
Next, move to the directory and double click the executable to start the application. In the below screen-shot you may not get the full information since the FIFA 2014 has not started till now. Although the glimpse of what we can get once the event starts.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
iCup Brazil 2014
|
||||
|
||||
No detailed Information : World cup hasn’t started Yet.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Match Detailed Information
|
||||
|
||||
Groups and Teams
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Groups and Teams
|
||||
|
||||
2nd stage Detailed Information
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
2nd stage Detailed Information
|
||||
|
||||
Match Details. Seems incomplete now.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Match Summary
|
||||
|
||||
Language Change window and Social share button Integrated.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Language Change
|
||||
|
||||
Donation is optional for Linux. You can always contribute.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Donation
|
||||
|
||||
### Conclusion ###
|
||||
|
||||
The above Application seems promising and may prove to be a boon for those Football fan-wall who can now remain connected.
|
||||
|
||||
That’s all for now. I’ll be here again with another interesting article soon. In that mean keep connected to Tecmint.com. Don’t forget to provide us with your valuable feedback in the comment section below.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/view-fifa-world-cup-matche-results/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.e-link.it/icup/brazil2014/icup-brazil-2014-desktop-app.php
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
|
||||
How To Extract Images From Videos Using ffmpeg
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Hi unixmen readers,
|
||||
|
||||
Have you ever wanted to extract images from a video file? It is possible to do such thing in Linux and for this tutorial I will use ffmpeg to get images from a video.
|
||||
|
||||
### What is ffmpeg? ###
|
||||
|
||||
ffmpeg is a very useful command line program which can be used to transcode media files. It is part of the FFmpeg leading multimedia framework that has many functionalities such as the ability to decode, encode, transcode, mux, demux, stream, filter and play pretty much anything that humans and machines have created.
|
||||
|
||||
There are many various tools included in the framework each of which has a specific role. For example the ffserver is used to stream multimedia for live broadcasts, ffprobe is used to analyze multimedia stream, ffplay can be used as a simple media player and **ffmpeg** has the ability to convert multimedia files between formats.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are interested the followings are the developer libraries included in the FFmpeg framework:
|
||||
|
||||
- libavutil is a library containing functions for simplifying programming, including random number generators, data structures, mathematics routines, core multimedia utilities, and much more.
|
||||
- libavcodec is a library containing decoders and encoders for audio/video codecs.
|
||||
- libavformat is a library containing demuxers and muxers for multimedia container formats.
|
||||
- libavdevice is a library containing input and output devices for grabbing from and rendering to many common multimedia input/output software frameworks, including Video4Linux, Video4Linux2, VfW, and ALSA.
|
||||
- libavfilter is a library containing media filters.
|
||||
- libswscale is a library performing highly optimized image scaling and color space/pixel format conversion operations.
|
||||
- libswresample is a library performing highly optimized audio resampling, rematrixing and sample format conversion operations.
|
||||
|
||||
**Note**: ffmpeg and FFmpeg are not the same. FFmpeg is the framework and the ffmpeg one of the utilities included on it.
|
||||
|
||||
### Let the action begin ###
|
||||
|
||||
In order to follow this tutorial you need to install the ffmpeg command line utility in your linux machine. Ubuntu users can easily install the ffmpeg utility by typing and running the following command in their terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
|
||||
|
||||
Fedora users can install ffmpeg directly from the repos.
|
||||
|
||||
yum install ffmpeg
|
||||
|
||||
Or you can compile it from source. Before compiling and installing it from source you need to download it from the official website with the help of the following command.
|
||||
|
||||
wget http://www.ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-2.2.3.tar.bz2
|
||||
|
||||
Extract the archive with the following command.
|
||||
|
||||
tar -xvjf ffmpeg-2.2.3.tar.bz2
|
||||
|
||||
Once the archive is extracted run the following command.
|
||||
|
||||
./configure
|
||||
make
|
||||
|
||||
Once the compile is finished run the following command to install ffmpeg.
|
||||
|
||||
su -c 'make install'
|
||||
|
||||
Not that everything is set up, all you have to is type a few commands in your terminal and you will be able to extract images from any type of video file.
|
||||
|
||||
Before going any further make sure you are in the same directory with the video file from which you want to extract images from. Use the cd command to navigate to the right directory. Since the video I am using for the purpose of this tutorial is in my Desktop i use the following command to navigate to my desktop.
|
||||
|
||||
cd /home/oltjano/Desktop
|
||||
|
||||
Then I use the following command to extract images from my video file.
|
||||
|
||||
ffmpeg -i "Тимати - Рентген ( Альбом '13')-C9Plztvv8ac.mp4" -r 1 -q:v 2 -f image2 image-3%d.jpeg
|
||||
|
||||
The **-i** option serves to get the input which in my case is the video file named **Тимати – Рентген ( Альбом ’13′)-C9Plztvv8ac.mp4**, the -r option sets the number of frames to be extracted as images every second. I like to extract one frame every second.
|
||||
|
||||
Then a very important option that should be mentioned and I like to use is the -q:v which is used to set the image quality of the images being extracted. I always get high quality images when extracting them from a video by using the value of 2.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.unixmen.com/extract-images-videos-using-ffmpeg/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
33
sources/tech/20140607 How To Install iCup 2014 In Linux.md
Normal file
33
sources/tech/20140607 How To Install iCup 2014 In Linux.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
|
||||
How To Install iCup 2014 In Linux
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Hi linux geeks,
|
||||
|
||||
In this short tutorial, I will teach you how to install a very nice app for the 2014 FIFA World Cup in your Linux distribution. The application is called iCup and is available for Windows, Mac and Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
It has been a very long time since I have watched a football match so I thought to install this app on my machine to stay updated with the latest statistics on World Cup 2014. I don’t want to look like an ignorant regarding football in front of my friends. The iCup application can provide information on matches schedule, scorers, team coaches and formations of every match. There are also real time updates that give you the latest data during the matches.
|
||||
|
||||
### It supports the following features: ###
|
||||
|
||||
- Fully localizable on the fly in about 30 languages (use the language menu into the option panel)
|
||||
- Exclusive flexible user interface that adapt the data size to the window dimensions
|
||||
- Searchable matches calendar also groupable by day or stage
|
||||
- Graphical visualization of groups and 2° stage
|
||||
- Support for the conversion of the matches dates and time based on your local timezone and your system format.
|
||||
- Direct linking for commenting the results into your preferred social network (Facebook, Google+ and Twitter)
|
||||
- Proxy support (basic and digest authentication method supported)
|
||||
|
||||
I have tested it on my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS system and it works great. I have not experienced any errors or crashes so far. You can easily install this great app on your system by grabbing a copy of it on the [official website][1] and then extract the archive on your favourite destination. Once the archive is extracted, double click on iCup 2014 FREE – Brazil and the app will open.
|
||||
|
||||
iCup is very useful to me, I hope you find it useful too.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.unixmen.com/install-icup-2014-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.e-link.it/icup/brazil2014/icup-brazil-2014-desktop-app.php
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
|
||||
Linux: Bash Delete All Files In Directory Except Few
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
I'm a new Linux system user. I need to cleanup in a download directory i.e. delete all files from ~/Downloads/ folders except the following types:
|
||||
|
||||
*.iso - All iso images files.
|
||||
*.zip - All zip files.
|
||||
|
||||
How do I delete all file except some in bash shell on a Linux, OS X or Unix-like systems?
|
||||
|
||||
Bash shell supports rich file pattern matching such as follows:
|
||||
|
||||
- * - Match any files.
|
||||
- ? - Matches any single character in filenames.
|
||||
- [...] - Matches any one of the enclosed characters.
|
||||
|
||||
### Method #1: Say hello to extended pattern matching operators ###
|
||||
|
||||
You need to use the extglob shell option using the shopt builtin command to use extended pattern matching operators such as:
|
||||
|
||||
1. ?(pattern-list) - Matches zero or one occurrence of the given patterns.
|
||||
1. *(pattern-list) - Matches zero or more occurrences of the given patterns.
|
||||
1. +(pattern-list) - Matches one or more occurrences of the given patterns.
|
||||
1. @(pattern-list) - Matches one of the given patterns.
|
||||
1. !(pattern-list) - Matches anything except one of the given patterns.
|
||||
|
||||
A pattern-list is nothing but a list of one or more patterns (filename) separated by a |. First, turn on extglob option:
|
||||
|
||||
shopt -s extglob
|
||||
|
||||
#### Bash remove all files except *.zip and *.iso files ####
|
||||
|
||||
The rm command syntax is:
|
||||
|
||||
## Delete all file except file1 ##
|
||||
rm !(file1)
|
||||
|
||||
## Delete all file except file1 and file2 ##
|
||||
rm !(file1|file2)
|
||||
|
||||
## Delete all file except all zip files ##
|
||||
rm !(*.zip)
|
||||
|
||||
## Delete all file except all zip and iso files ##
|
||||
rm !(*.zip|*.iso)
|
||||
|
||||
## You set full path too ##
|
||||
rm /Users/vivek/!(*.zip|*.iso|*.mp3)
|
||||
|
||||
## Pass options ##
|
||||
rm [options] !(*.zip|*.iso)
|
||||
rm -v !(*.zip|*.iso)
|
||||
rm -f !(*.zip|*.iso)
|
||||
rm -v -i !(*.php)
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, turn off extglob option:
|
||||
|
||||
shopt -u extglob
|
||||
|
||||
### Method #2: Using bash GLOBIGNORE variable to remove all files except specific ones ###
|
||||
|
||||
From the [bash(1)][1] page:
|
||||
|
||||
> A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames to be ignored by pathname expansion. If a filename matched by a pathname expansion pattern also matches one of the patterns in GLOBIGNORE, it is removed from the list of matches.
|
||||
|
||||
To delete all files except zip and iso files, set GLOBIGNORE as follows:
|
||||
|
||||
## only works with BASH ##
|
||||
cd ~/Downloads/
|
||||
GLOBIGNORE=*.zip:*.iso
|
||||
rm -v *
|
||||
unset GLOBIGNORE
|
||||
|
||||
### Method #3: Find command to rm all files except zip and iso files ###
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using tcsh/csh/sh/ksh or any other shell, try the following find command syntax on a Unix-like system to delete files:
|
||||
|
||||
find /dir/ -type f -not -name 'PATTERN' -delete
|
||||
|
||||
OR
|
||||
|
||||
## deals with weird file names using xargs ##
|
||||
find /dir/ -type f -not -name 'PATTERN' -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} rm {}
|
||||
find /dir/ -type f -not -name 'PATTERN' -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} rm [options] {}
|
||||
|
||||
To delete all files except php files in ~/sources/ directory, type:
|
||||
|
||||
find ~/sources/ -type f -not -name '*.php' -delete
|
||||
|
||||
OR
|
||||
|
||||
find ~/sources/ -type f -not -name '*.php' -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} rm -v {}
|
||||
|
||||
The syntax to delete all files except *.zip and *.iso is as follows:
|
||||
|
||||
find . -type f -not \( -name '*zip' -or -name '*iso' \) -delete
|
||||
|
||||
For more information see [bash command man page][1] and [find command man page][2].
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-bash-delete-all-files-in-directory-except-few/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/bash.1.html
|
||||
[2]:http://www.manpager.com/linux/man1/find.1.html
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
|
||||
Nuvola Player 2.4.0 Released – A Online Cloud Music Player for Linux
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
**Nuvola Player** is an open source player that runs cloud music services such as Amazon Cloud Player, Bandcamp, Deezer, 8tracks, Google Play Music, Grooveshark, Hyper Machine and Pandora in its own web interface and provides integration with a Linux desktop.
|
||||
|
||||
This application comes with lots of features in the form of plugins such as desktop notifications, system tray, multimedia keys, media player applets, dock menu, lyrics, last.fm and much more.
|
||||
|
||||
On **May 31st 2014**, A new version of **Nuvola Player 2.4.0** was released – which brings a few new features, including two new services such as Logitech Media Server and This is My Jam with numerous bug fixes.
|
||||
|
||||
### What’s new in this release ###
|
||||
|
||||
- Deleted broken Hide Google+ buttons option, because Google changes the code too regularly.
|
||||
- Service settings are now applied quickly without reload.
|
||||
- The pause and toggle play/pause behaviour have been fixed.
|
||||
- Added a caution about compatibility problems with desktop notifications for Chrome.
|
||||
- The in-page navigation buttons have been implemented (now users will find buttons in the top bar next to the Google Play logo).
|
||||
- A new Logitech Media Server and This is My Jam services has been added.
|
||||
- Included support for back/ forward mouse buttons.
|
||||
- Fixed support for actionable notification in the GNOME lock screen.
|
||||
|
||||
For a complete list of features, visit at official release [announcement page][1].
|
||||
|
||||
### Installing Nuvola Player in Debian, Ubuntu and Linux Mint ###
|
||||
|
||||
The official Nuvola Player repository contains binary packages for **Ubuntu 14.04, 13.10, 12.10, 12.04** and **Linux Mint 17, 16, 15, 14.** You can install binary package ‘nuvolaplayer‘ by adding Nuvola Player repository under your system.
|
||||
|
||||
#### On Ubuntu and Linux Mint ####
|
||||
|
||||
Open a terminal and run the following series of commands in the terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nuvola-player-builders/stable
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get update
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install nuvolaplayer
|
||||
|
||||
**Note**: Please don’t skip system updates command ‘sudo apt-get upgrade‘. Otherwise, your apt-get may fail to install Flash plugin.
|
||||
|
||||
If you wish to install Nuvola Player without Flash plugin support, you can skip that system upgrade command and use the following command to install nuvolaplayer without Flash support.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get --no-install-recommends install nuvolaplayer
|
||||
|
||||
#### On Debian ####
|
||||
|
||||
For **Debian Wheezy** and **Debian Sid** the stable Nuvola Player binary packages available from official repository. Using this repository, you can install latest stable version using the following bunch of commands.
|
||||
|
||||
Firstly, Open a terminal and import a public key, and then add the repository to ‘**sources.list**‘ file and then do a system update to install nuvolaplyer as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Debian Wheezy ####
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 706C220A
|
||||
$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://ppa.fenryxo.cz/nuvola-player/ wheezy main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list'
|
||||
$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb-src http://ppa.fenryxo.cz/nuvola-player/ wheezy main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list'
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get update
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install nuvolaplayer
|
||||
|
||||
#### Debian Sid ####
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 706C220A
|
||||
$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://ppa.fenryxo.cz/nuvola-player/ sid main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list'
|
||||
$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb-src http://ppa.fenryxo.cz/nuvola-player/ sid main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list'
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get update
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install nuvolaplayer
|
||||
|
||||
**Note**: Nuvola Player depend on wrapped Flash plugin, which is not installed by default due to conflicting libraries (**GTK+ 2** and **GTK+ 3**).
|
||||
|
||||
To workaround this problem, we enable component flash **PPA** to install package ‘**nuvolaplayer-flashplugin**‘ using the following commands.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://ppa.fenryxo.cz/nuvola-player/ sid main beta flash" >> /etc/apt/sources.list'
|
||||
$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb-src http://ppa.fenryxo.cz/nuvola-player/ sid main beta flash" >> /etc/apt/sources.list'
|
||||
$ apt-get update
|
||||
$ apt-get install nuvolaplayer-flashplugin
|
||||
|
||||
Once you done with the installation, you will find the application in **Menu** to launch it. Keep in mind, you must have internet connection in order to listen music online.
|
||||
|
||||
### Nuvola Player Screen Shots ###
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Select Music Services
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Grooveshark Music Service
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Grooveshark Playing Music
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Nuvola Player Preferences
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Google Play Music
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Rdio Music Service
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
About Nuvola Player
|
||||
|
||||
For other Linux distributions, you can download source tarball packages at Nuvola Player [launchpad downloads][2] page.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/install-nuvola-player-in-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://nuvolaplayer.fenryxo.cz/releases/2.4.html
|
||||
[2]:https://launchpad.net/nuvola-player/+download
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
|
||||
Practical Interview Questions and Answers on Linux Shell Scripting
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
With the overwhelming response we are getting on the Interview Series articles, the first of its kind on any Linux How-to website in the form of Likes, Feedbacks in comment as well as on personal Email Address make us going from one article to the next article.
|
||||
|
||||
Here is the link to the [Interview Series][1] articles already published on Tecmint.com, where we have covered lots of topics viz., FTP, MySQL, Apache, Scripting, Linux Commands, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Practical Interview Question on Shell Scripting
|
||||
|
||||
Continuing to the above series here we are coming with another 5 wonderful Linux Interview Questions and their answer. Your (The Tecmint.com Readers and frequent Visitors) support is always needed to make it successful.
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Write a shell script to get current date, time, user name and current working directory. ###
|
||||
|
||||
> **Answer** : The commands logname, date, who I am and pwd will output username, current date and time, and current working directory. Just implementing these commands in the script and making it a bit interactive.
|
||||
|
||||
Now create a file called ‘**userstats.sh**‘ and add the following code to it.
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
echo "Hello, $LOGNAME"
|
||||
echo "Current date is `date`"
|
||||
echo "User is `who i am`"
|
||||
echo "Current directory `pwd`"
|
||||
|
||||
Place execute permission and run the script as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
# chmod 755 userstats.sh
|
||||
# ./userstats.sh
|
||||
|
||||
#### Sample Output ####
|
||||
|
||||
Hello, avi
|
||||
Current date is Sat Jun 7 13:05:29 IST 2014
|
||||
User is avi pts/0 2014-06-07 11:59 (:0)
|
||||
Current directory /home/avi/Desktop
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. Write a Shell Script that adds two numbers if provided as the command Line Argument and if the two numbers are not entered it outputs an Error Message along with a one-Line of how-to use description. ###
|
||||
|
||||
> **Answer** : Here is the simple Shell Script along with description which adds two number if provided as Command-Line argument, if not it throws error with single line on how to use the script.
|
||||
|
||||
Again create a file called ‘**two-numbers.sh**‘ and add the following content to it.
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
# The Shebang
|
||||
|
||||
if [ $# -ne 2 ]
|
||||
# If two Inputs are not received from Standard Input
|
||||
|
||||
then
|
||||
# then execute the below statements
|
||||
|
||||
echo "Usage - $0 x y"
|
||||
# print on standard output, how-to use the script (Usage - ./1.sh x y )
|
||||
|
||||
echo " Where x and y are two nos for which I will print sum"
|
||||
# print on standard output, “Where x and y are two nos for which I will print sum ”
|
||||
|
||||
exit 1
|
||||
# Leave shell in Error Stage and before the task was successfully carried out.
|
||||
|
||||
fi
|
||||
# End of the if Statement.
|
||||
|
||||
echo "Sum of $1 and $2 is `expr $1 + $2`"
|
||||
# If the above condition was false and user Entered two numbers as a command Line Argument,
|
||||
it will show the sum of the entered numbers.
|
||||
|
||||
Set executer permission on the file and run the script as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
# chmod 755 two-numbers.sh
|
||||
|
||||
**Condition 1**: Running the script without entering two numbers as command line argument, you will get the following output.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Sample Output ####
|
||||
|
||||
# ./two-numbers.sh
|
||||
|
||||
Usage - ./two-numbers.sh x y
|
||||
Where x and y are two nos for which I will print sum
|
||||
|
||||
**Condition 2**: When Numbers are entered as command line argument you will get the result as shown.
|
||||
|
||||
$ ./two-numbers.sh 4 5
|
||||
|
||||
Sum of 4 and 5 is 9
|
||||
|
||||
Hence the above shell script fulfills the condition as suggested in the question.
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. You needs to print a given Number say 10572, in reverse order using a Shell script such that the input is provided using command Line Argument only. If the input data is not provided as Command Line Argument, it should throw and error and should suggest, how to use the script. Write the script but before that tell me the algorithm that needs to be implemented here. ###
|
||||
|
||||
#### Algorithm ####
|
||||
|
||||
1. Let the Input Number = n
|
||||
1. Set rev=0, sd=0 (Reverse and single digitis set to 0)
|
||||
1. n % 10, will find and give single left most digit
|
||||
1. reverse number is generated as rev * 10 + sd
|
||||
1. Decrease Input Number (n) by 1.
|
||||
1. if n > 0, then goto step 3 else goto setp 7
|
||||
1. Print rev
|
||||
|
||||
Now again, create a file called ‘**numbers.sh**‘ and add the following given code it.
|
||||
|
||||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
if [ $# -ne 1 ]
|
||||
then
|
||||
echo "Usage: $0 number"
|
||||
echo " I will find reverse of given number"
|
||||
echo " For eg. $0 0123, I will print 3210"
|
||||
exit 1
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
n=$1
|
||||
rev=0
|
||||
sd=0
|
||||
|
||||
while [ $n -gt 0 ]
|
||||
do
|
||||
sd=`expr $n % 10`
|
||||
rev=`expr $rev \* 10 + $sd`
|
||||
n=`expr $n / 10`
|
||||
done
|
||||
echo "Reverse number is $rev"
|
||||
|
||||
Grant a execute permission on the file and run the script as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
# chmod 755 numbers.h
|
||||
|
||||
**Condition 1**: When Input is not provided as command line argument, you will get the following output.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Sample Output ####
|
||||
|
||||
./numbers.sh
|
||||
|
||||
Usage: ./numbers.sh number
|
||||
I will find reverse of given number
|
||||
For eg. ./2.sh 123, I will print 321
|
||||
|
||||
**Condition 2**: When Input was provided as command line Argument.
|
||||
|
||||
$ ./numbers.sh 10572
|
||||
|
||||
Reverse number is 27501
|
||||
|
||||
The above script worked perfectly and the output was just what we needed.
|
||||
|
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### 4. You are supposed to calculate a real number calculation directly from terminal and not any shell script. What will you do (say the real numbers are 7.56 and 2.453)? ###
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> **Answer** : We need to use bc command in a special way as described below. The output of echo 7.56 + 2.453 should be pipelined to bc.
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For example, run the following command to calculate numbers in real time using bc command as shown.
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$ echo 7.56 + 2.453 | bc
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10.013
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### 5. You are supposed to find the value of pi upto 100 places of decimal, what is the easiest way to get the result done. ###
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||||
> **Answer** : The easiest way to find the value of pi, correct upto 100 places of decimal we just need to issue the below command.
|
||||
|
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# pi 100
|
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3.141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105820974944592307816406286208998628034825342117067
|
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|
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Obviously! We must have package ‘**pi**‘ installed. Just do a **apt** or **yum** to get a required package to install ‘**pi**‘ onto the distribution you are using.
|
||||
|
||||
That’s all for now. I’ll be here again with another interesting article very soon. Till then stay tuned and connected to Tecmint.com. Don’t forget to provide us with you valuable feedback in the comment section below.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/practical-interview-questions-on-linux-shell-scripting/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/category/interview-questions/
|
||||
@ -2,15 +2,14 @@
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
> 技术视点是技术视角（TechScape）的一个新的组成部分，其特色是与科技界的上层人士进行独家采访和长时间谈话，探讨科技动态。
|
||||
|
||||
> 我们的第一个谈话对象是[李纳斯·托沃兹][1]，Linux的传奇缔造者以及开源改革先驱。托沃兹生于芬兰的赫尔辛基，是诗人奥尔·托沃兹的孙子。尽管他更喜欢告诉人们，他的名字来自于《花生漫画》中的角色，但事实是他是以李纳斯·鲍林——两次诺贝尔奖获得者的名字来命名的。他的计算机经历是从康懋达公司的一台Amiga 500计算机上开始的，搬到辛克莱尔后又换到了IBM的386上。刚开始，他使用的是Minix操作系统，后来在该系统上衍生出了他自己的Linux操作系统。托沃兹和他的妻子托芙——六次芬兰全国空手道冠军结婚了，婚后他们定居在加利佛尼亚的圣何塞，育有三个女儿。
|
||||
> 我们的第一个谈话对象是[李纳斯·托沃兹][1]，Linux的传奇缔造者以及开源改革先驱。托沃兹生于芬兰的赫尔辛基，是诗人奥尔·托沃兹的孙子。尽管他更喜欢告诉人们，他的名字来自于《花生漫画》中的角色，但事实是他是以李纳斯·鲍林——一位两次诺贝尔奖获得者的名字来命名的。他的计算机经历是从一台Commodore计算机上开始的，后来换成了Sinclair和IBM的386上。刚开始，他使用的是Minix操作系统，后来换成了他自己的Linux操作系统。托沃兹和他的妻子托芙——一位六次芬兰全国空手道冠军结婚了，婚后他们定居在加利佛尼亚的圣何塞，育有三个女儿。
|
||||
|
||||
**技术视点（TV）**：在当今的技术中，有什么令你感兴趣？
|
||||
|
||||
**托沃兹**：我差不多是个“鼠目寸光”的家伙，所以相对于那些更空洞的“大潮流”，我对技术中实在的新东西更感兴趣。
|
||||
|
||||
我喜欢关注硬件公司生产的新产品，关注他们最新的芯片，而其中可能最能激励我的（因为毕竟我是个做软件的）是那些提出新的算法并开发出新的软件来利用这些新功能的人。
|
||||
我喜欢关注硬件公司生产的新产品，关注他们最新的芯片，而其中可能最能吸引我的（因为毕竟我是个做软件的）是那些提出新的算法并开发出新的软件来利用这些新功能的人。
|
||||
|
||||
**TV**：那在当今科技中，什么真正让你感到恼火？它是怎么以及为什么让你生气？
|
||||
|
||||
@ -18,11 +17,12 @@
|
||||
|
||||
这里，当然也包括我。我认为，整个的“个人崇拜”相当令人不安。而且，我很痛恨把我以及我所说的话看得太重。对于乔布斯，埃里森，盖茨等所谓的领袖，都是如此。我希望更多的人能自己思考，并且意识到技术实际上来自遍布全球的那些默默无闻的伟大工程师中的任意一员。
|
||||
|
||||
我理解人们想要并且需要一个焦点，而这种事也不仅仅发生在技术世界中（嘿，毫无疑问，我希望这事在技术世界中要发生得比娱乐行业来得少；），但是，这事仍然有点令人沮丧。
|
||||
我理解人们想要并且需要一个焦点，而这种事也不仅仅发生在技术世界中（嘿，毫无疑问，我希望这事在技术世界中要发生得比娱乐行业来得少 ;) ），但是，这事仍然有点令人沮丧。
|
||||
|
||||
**TV**：你是怎么错过“申请终身许可证”的机会，而其它像Red Hat，SuSE等等却抓住了它？这是因为如果Linux不开源，它起初就不会成为Linux了吗？你能谈谈更多情况吗？你是否曾在此事上感到过后悔？
|
||||
**TV**：你是怎么错过“毕生机遇”，而其它像Red Hat，SuSE等等却抓住了它？这是因为如果Linux不开源，它起初就不会成为Linux了吗？你能谈谈更多情况吗？你是否曾在此事上感到过后悔？
|
||||
|
||||
**托沃兹**：我当然不会因为任何事情后悔。我现在身在一个令人羡慕的位置上，我能干我喜欢的事情。而且，人们因此而尊重我。况且，我自由的能做我想做（也做了）的事情。
|
||||
|
||||
**托沃兹**：我当然不会因为任何事情后悔。我现在身在一个令人羡慕的位置上，我能干我喜欢的事情。而且，人们因此而尊重我。况且，我想要做的（而我已经做了）无偿工作也获得了酬劳。
|
||||
我想，很少有人会喜欢自己变得与众不同，那么让我来告诉你吧，这种感觉真不错。对于商业方面，我从来都不感兴趣。而且，对我来说，那些可以采用Linux并把它商用的人和公司只是做了我从没有动力做的事情。而这项工作需要人做，也很有益。因此，事实上我很感谢那些商业实体：它们让我能集中精力干我想干的那部分事情。
|
||||
|
||||
**TV**：在当今的科技界，哪位是你尊敬的人？为什么？
|
||||
@ -33,11 +33,11 @@
|
||||
|
||||
在个人层面上，我更喜欢那些不把他们自己太当一回事，同时又在他们的本职工作上干得很好的人。如果一定要我说一些知名人士，我想我更愿意成为斯蒂芬·沃兹尼克那样的人，我想这也是我尊敬他的原因。
|
||||
|
||||
**TV**：照你估计，当谷歌和微软都实现了各自的诺言，他们之间会发生什么？胜者又为什么会胜出？
|
||||
**TV**：在谷歌和微软的言行上，你更敬佩哪个？成功者为什么成功？
|
||||
|
||||
**托沃兹**：我不认为获胜的结果会和获胜的过程一样有趣。
|
||||
**托沃兹**：我不认为成功的结果会和成功的过程一样有趣。
|
||||
|
||||
在整个谷歌和微软的竞争中，我真的不认为公司本身相比技术环境中那些吸引人们视线的变革更为有趣。这份竞争，已经从对单个计算机的控制，升级为对成千上万独立计算机的整合。
|
||||
在整个谷歌和微软的竞争中，我真的不认为公司本身相比技术环境中那些吸引人们视线的变革更为有趣。这个竞争，已经从对单个计算机的控制，升级为对成千上万独立计算机的整合。
|
||||
|
||||
**TV**：你认为像科技灾难、互联网泡沫崩溃以及电信业崩盘这样的事为什么会发生？我们在今后怎样来防止它们再发生？
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user