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Update 20200831 Military looks to ultraviolet networks for secure battlefield communication.md

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[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3572372/military-looks-to-ultraviolet-networks-for-secure-battlefield-communication.html)
[#]: author: (Patrick Nelson https://www.networkworld.com/author/Patrick-Nelson/)
Military looks to ultraviolet networks for secure battlefield communication
美国军方正探索战场保密通信用紫外网络
======
The U.S. Army wants to develop new, more secure communications networks for soldiers in the field using free-space ultra-violet optical transmissions.
Thinkstock
美国军方想以开放空间传输的紫外线为载体，为士兵开发新的更安全的通讯网络。
智库
U.S. Army researchers are exploring the use of ultraviolet optical communications in battlefield situations because, under the right circumstances, the technology might support links that are undetectable to the enemy.
美国军方研究者之所以探索战场环境下的紫外光通信的应用，是因为这种技术可能实现敌对方无法侦测的通信。
One thing the researchers looked at was the effects of attenuation, the natural phenomenon of the signals getting weaker over distance. They wanted to know whether there was a distance range in which the signals were weak enough that adversaries likely couldn’t detect them, but still be strong enough that friendly receivers could. They say they observed that to be the case, but the [research paper about their work][1] doesn’t say what those distances are.
研究者关注的一个方面是衰减效应，信号强度随传播距离的增加而减弱的自然现象。他们想知道是否存在一个合适的距离范围，在该范围内，信号强度足够弱，以至于敌对方几乎无法侦测，但又足够强，使得友方可以侦测并建立通信。他们说他们观察到了这种情况，但关于他们相关工作的 [研究论文][1] 并没有讲这个距离范围究竟是多少。
According to an army press release, “ultraviolet communication has unique propagation characteristics that not only allow for a novel non-line-of-sight optical link, but also imply that the transmissions may be harder for an adversary to detect.”
一份军方出版物提到，“紫外通信具有独特的传输特性，不但可以神奇的实现非视距连接，而且让敌对方难以侦测。”
The main thrust of the study by the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command’s [Army Research Laboratory][2] was to develop a framework for future research that could quantify the circumstances under which ultraviolet communications could be both useful to friendly forces and undetectable to hostiles. In the course of that research they gleaned two other important insights:
这个研究由美军作战能力发展司令部 [军队研究实验室][2] 主导，其重点是开发一个基础架构，为未来研究提供可量化环境，在该环境下，己方既可以使用紫外通信，也能够避免敌对方的侦测。研究过程中他们还有另外两个发现：
* The worst case scenario – when the enemy detector is in direct line-of-sight with the transmitter and the friendly receiver is not – isn’t as big a concern as might be feared.
* Steering the signal of the UV transmitter doesn’t seem to be an effective way to mitigate detection of the signal by an adversary.
* 最差情况，即敌对方探测器与己方发射器在视线范围内，但右方接收器不在视线范围内，问题不像想象中严重。
* 看起来转换紫外线发射器的发射方向不是降低敌对方探测到通信信号可能性的有效方式。
The researchers plan to analyze four scenarios involving the placement of the UV transmitter, the intended receiver and the enemy detector:
研究者计划分析下面四种场景，场景中涵盖了己方紫外发射器、友方接收器、敌对方探测器相对位置关系：
* The friendly receiver and the adversary detector are both in line-of-sight with the transmitter.
* The friendly receiver is in line-of-sight but the adversary detector is not. (Best case)
* The adversary’s detector is in line-of-sight but the friendly receiver is not. (Worst case)
* Neither the friendly receiver nor adversary detector is in line-of-sight.
* 友方接收器、敌对方探测器都在发射器的视线范围内。
* 友方接收器在发射器视线范围内，但敌对方探测器不在视线范围内（最佳场景）。
* 敌对方探测器在发射器的视线范围内，但友方接收器不在视线范围内（最差场景）。
* 友方接收器、敌对方探测器均不在视线范围内。
The assumption is that an opponent would try to count photons over time to detect a coherent transmission signal that would indicate that communication was underway.
假定敌对方试图通过时域上的光子计数来发现相干通信信号，进而判定正在进行通信。
The scientists accept the fact that close-in to the transmitter, the signal is easy to detect, so effective use of the UV transmissions would rely on having a good sense of where the opposing detectors are located.
科学家们承认这么一个事实，即越靠近发射器，信号越容易被侦测。所以紫外通信中发射器的有效使用依赖于对敌对方探测器位置的准确感知。
“Our work provides a framework enabling the study of the fundamental limits of detectability for an ultraviolet communication system meeting desired communication performance requirements,” said Dr. Robert Drost, one of the researchers.
”我们提供了一个基础框架，使得对紫外通信系统实际可探测性与期望性能间差距的根本限制因素的研究得以进行。“ 研究者之一，Robert Drost 博士如是说。
“Our research is ensuring that the community has the fundamental understanding of the potential for and limitations of using ultraviolet wavelengths for communications, and I am confident that this understanding will inform the development of future Army networking capabilities.”
“我们的研究确保了团队O紫外波段用于通信的潜力及有限性有了根本上的理解。我坚信这种理解将影响到未来军队网络通信能力的发展。”
Join the Network World communities on [Facebook][3] and [LinkedIn][4] to comment on topics that are top of mind.
欢迎通过 [Facebook][3] 和 [LinkedIn][4] 加入 Network World 社团，点评顶级话题。
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@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3572372/military-looks-to-ultraviolet-
作者：[Patrick Nelson][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
译者：[silentdawn-zz](https://github.com/译者ID)
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