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geekpi
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Teach Python with the Mu editor)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/9/teach-python-mu)
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[#]: author: (Don Watkins https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins)
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Teach Python with the Mu editor
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======
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Mu makes it easy to learn how to write Python code.
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![Hands on a keyboard with a Python book ][1]
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Teaching kids to code is very popular in schools. Many years ago, in the days of the Apple II and [Logo][2] programming, I learned about turtle graphics. I enjoyed learning how to program the virtual turtle and later helping students to do the same.
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About five years ago, I learned about [Python's turtle module][3], and it was the segue to my Python journey. Soon, I started using the turtle module to teach students Python programming basics, including using it to create interesting graphics.
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### Get started with Python's turtle module
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On a Linux or macOS computer, you can just open a terminal, enter the word `python`, and you'll see the Python shell.
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If you are using a Windows computer, you will need to install Python first by going to the Python website and [downloading][4] the latest stable version.
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Next, import the turtle module into Python with `import turtle `or `import turtle as t`. Then you can start having some fun creating turtle graphics.
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### Meet Mu
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In the early days of my Python adventure, I used [IDLE][5], Python's integrated development environment. It was much easier than entering commands into the Python shell, plus I could write and save programs for later use. I took some online courses and read many excellent books about Python programming. I taught teachers and students how to create turtle graphics using IDLE.
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IDLE was a big improvement, but at PyConUS 2019 in Cleveland, I saw a presentation by [Nicholas Tollervey][6] that changed the way I learned and taught Python. Nick is an educator who created [Mu][7], a Python editor specifically for young programmers (and even older ones like me). Mu can be installed on Linux, macOS, and Windows. It's easy to use and comes with excellent [documentation][8] and [tutorials][9].
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On Linux, you can install Mu from the command line.
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On Ubuntu or Debian:
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```
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`$ sudo apt install mu-editor`
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```
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On Fedora or similar:
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```
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`$ sudo dnf install mu`
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```
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Or, you can use Python to do the install. First, ensure you have Python 3 installed:
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```
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`$ python --version`
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```
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If that fails, try:
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```
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`$ python3 --version`
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```
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Assuming you have Python version 3 or better, install Mu using `pip`, the Python package manager:
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```
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`$ python -m pip install mu-editor --user`
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```
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Then you can run Mu from the command line or create a shortcut using:
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```
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`$ python -m pip install shortcut mu-editor --user`
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```
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Mu is installed by default on the [Raspberry Pi][10], which is a great plus. In the past couple of years, I have introduced students to the Raspberry Pi and Python programming using the Mu editor.
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### How to teach Python with Mu
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Mu is a great way to show students how easy it is to get started with Python. Here's how I teach my students to start using it.
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1. Open the Mu editor.
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![Mu editor][11]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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2. Enter `import turtle` to import the Turtle module, so you can get the turtle moving. My first lesson is drawing a simple square in Python code.
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![Mu editor][13]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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3. Save this program, making sure that the file name ends in .py.
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![Saving program in Mu][14]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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4. Run the program. Running even a simple program like this is energizing—it's fun to see the graphical output of a program you wrote.
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![Running Python program in Mu][15]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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### Beyond the basics
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After this simple lesson, I explain that there are some ways to simplify and expand on the basics the students have learned. One is creating a simpler turtle object, `import turtle as t`. Then I introduce a `for` loop as another way to draw a square with the turtle.
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![for loops in Python with Mu][16]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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Next, I show how to create a `my_square` function as another way to draw a square.
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![my_square function][17]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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Later, I expand on this concept by introducing other turtle module methods, including `penup`, `pendown`, and `pencolor`. Soon, my students are developing more complex programs and iterating on them.
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![Mu editor][18]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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I am always eager to learn, and I would love to know how you are teaching Python in school or at home. Please share your experience in the comments.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/20/9/teach-python-mu
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作者：[Don Watkins][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/python-programming-code-keyboard.png?itok=fxiSpmnd (Hands on a keyboard with a Python book )
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[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo_(programming_language)
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[3]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/turtle.html
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[4]: https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/
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[5]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/idle.html
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[6]: https://ntoll.org/
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[7]: https://codewith.mu/en/download
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[8]: https://codewith.mu/en/howto/
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[9]: https://codewith.mu/en/tutorials/
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[10]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/mu-python-ide/
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[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-1_open.png (Mu editor)
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[12]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-2_square.png (Mu editor)
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[14]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-3_save.png (Saving program in Mu)
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[15]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-4_run.png (Running Python program in Mu)
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[16]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-5_for-loop.png (for loops in Python with Mu)
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[17]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-6_my_square.png (my_square function)
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[18]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-7_beyond-basics.png (Mu editor)
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translated/tech/20200921 Teach Python with the Mu editor.md
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162
translated/tech/20200921 Teach Python with the Mu editor.md
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@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Teach Python with the Mu editor)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/9/teach-python-mu)
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[#]: author: (Don Watkins https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins)
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使用 Mu 编辑器教授 Python
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======
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Mu 让你轻松学会如何编写 Python 代码。
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![Hands on a keyboard with a Python book ][1]
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在学校里，教孩子们编程是非常流行的。很多年前，在 Apple II 和 [Logo][2] 编程的年代，我学会了乌龟图案。我很喜欢学习如何对虚拟乌龟进行编程，后来也帮助学生进行编程。
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大约五年前，我了解了 [Python 的 turtle 模块][3]，这是我 Python 之旅的转折点。很快，我开始使用 turtle 模块来教学生 Python 编程基础，包括使用它来创建有趣的图形。
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### 开始使用 Python 的 turtle 模块
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在 Linux 或 macOS 电脑上，你只需打开一个终端，输入 `python`，你就会看到 Python shell。
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如果你使用的是 Windows 电脑，则需要先安装 Python，到 Python 网站上[下载][4]最新的稳定版。
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接下来，用 `import turtle ` 或 `import turtle as t` 将 turtle 模块导入 Python 中。然后你就可以开始享受创建乌龟图案的乐趣了。
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### 认识一下 Mu
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在我的 Python 冒险的早期，我使用了 [IDLE][5]，它是 Python 的集成开发环境。它比在 Python shell 中输入命令要容易得多，而且我可以编写和保存程序供以后使用。我参加了一些在线课程，阅读了许多关于 Python 编程的优秀书籍。我教老师和学生如何使用 IDLE 创建乌龟图案。
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IDLE 是一个很大的改进，但在克利夫兰的 PyConUS 2019 上，我看到了 [Nicholas Tollervey][6]的演讲，这改变了我学习和教授 Python 的方式。Nick 是一位教育家，他创建了 [Mu][7]，一个专门为年轻程序员（甚至像我这样的老程序员）设计的 Python 编辑器。Mu 可以安装在 Linux、macOS 和 Windows 上。它很容易使用，并且附带了优秀的[文档][8]和[教程][9]。
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在 Linux 上，你可以通过命令行安装 Mu。
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在 Ubuntu 或 Debian 上：
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```
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`$ sudo apt install mu-editor`
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```
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在 Fedora 或类似的地方：
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```
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`$ sudo dnf install mu`
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```
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或者，你可以使用 Python 来进行安装。首先，确保你已经安装了 Python 3：
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```
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`$ python --version`
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```
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如果失败了，就试试：
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```
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`$ python3 --version`
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```
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假设你有 Python 3 或更高版本，使用 Python 包管理器 `pip` 安装 Mu。
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```
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`$ python -m pip install mu-editor --user`
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```
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然后你可以从命令行运行 Mu，或者创建一个快捷方式：
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```
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`$ python -m pip install shortcut mu-editor --user`
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```
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Mu 默认安装在[树莓派][10]上，这是一个很大的优点。在过去的几年里，我已经向学生介绍了树莓派和使用 Mu 编辑器的 Python 编程。
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### 如何用 Mu 教授 Python
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Mu 是向学生展示 Python 入门的好方法。下面是我如何教学生开始使用它。
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1. 打开Mu编辑器。
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![Mu editor][11]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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2. 输入 `import turtle` 导入 Turtle 模块，就可以让乌龟动起来了。我的第一课是用 Python 代码画一个简单的正方形。
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![Mu editor][13]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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3. 保存这个程序，确保文件名以 .py 结尾。
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![Saving program in Mu][14]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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4. 运行程序。哪怕是运行这样一个简单的程序都会让人兴奋，看到你写的程序的图形输出是很有趣的。
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![Running Python program in Mu][15]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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### 超越基础知识
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在上完这节简单的课后，我讲解了有一些方法可以简化和扩展学生所学的基础知识。一是创建一个更简单的 turtle 对象，`import turtle as t`。然后我介绍了一个 `for` 循环，作为用 turtle 画一个正方形的另一种方法。
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![for loops in Python with Mu][16]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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接下来，我将展示如何创建一个 `my_square` 函数，作为另一种绘制正方形的方法。
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![my_square function][17]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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后来，我通过介绍其他 turtle 模块方法，包括 `penup`、`pendown` 和 `pencolor`来扩展这个概念。很快，我的学生们就开始开发更复杂的程序，并对其进行迭代。
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![Mu editor][18]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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我一直渴望学习，我很想知道你在学校或家里是如何教授 Python 的。请在评论中分享你的经验。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/20/9/teach-python-mu
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作者：[Don Watkins][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/python-programming-code-keyboard.png?itok=fxiSpmnd (Hands on a keyboard with a Python book )
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[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo_(programming_language)
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[3]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/turtle.html
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[4]: https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/
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[5]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/idle.html
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[6]: https://ntoll.org/
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[7]: https://codewith.mu/en/download
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[8]: https://codewith.mu/en/howto/
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[9]: https://codewith.mu/en/tutorials/
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[10]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/mu-python-ide/
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[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-1_open.png (Mu editor)
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[12]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-2_square.png (Mu editor)
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[14]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-3_save.png (Saving program in Mu)
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[15]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-4_run.png (Running Python program in Mu)
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[16]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-5_for-loop.png (for loops in Python with Mu)
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[17]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-6_my_square.png (my_square function)
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[18]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-7_beyond-basics.png (Mu editor)
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