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[#]: subject: "Using FileZilla for Connecting to SFTP Server Via GUI"
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/filezilla-ubuntu/"
[#]: author: "Pratham Patel https://itsfoss.com/author/pratham/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "hwlife "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Using FileZilla for Connecting to SFTP Server Via GUI
======
If you ask the geeky sysadmins, they will swear by [rsync or scp commands for transferring files between remote server and local system][1].
However, those are command line methods and not everyone feels comfortable.
Thankfully, there are some GUI tools available that let you transfer files to or from the remote servers.
[FileZilla][2] is a popular, cross-platform, open-source tool for this purpose. It supports transferring file using FTP over TLS or SSL (FTPS) and also FTP over SSH (SFTP) along with old FTP protocol.
Let me show how to install FileZilla on Linux and then use it for file transfer.
So, let’s get started!
### Installing FileZilla on Ubuntu and other Linux distributions
You can get the source code tarball but it is always recommended to use your distribution provided package. Since it is a popular software, it should be available in the software repository of most Linux distributions (if not all). _**Please use your distribution’s software center and package manager**_.
On Ubuntu, you can install it from the software center:
![FileZilla is available in the Ubuntu Software Center][3]
You can also use the command line method to install it.
```
sudo apt install filezilla
```
If you see the [package not found error][4], you should [enable the Universe repository][5].
Once installed, go to the menu (by pressing the windows key), type FileZilla and start it.
![Start FileZilla from the system menu][6]
### Using FileZilla
When you first run FileZilla, you’ll see an interface like the picture below.
![Screenshot of FileZilla running][7]
The left side pane shows the files and directory from your local system. The right side pane is empty for now. When you connect to a remote server, the files from your remote system will be displayed there.
Before I show you that, let me share a few details on understanding the important aspects of FileZilla interface.
#### Understaing the FileZilla interface
The image below give you an overview of the different sections of the window layout of FileZilla.
![FileZilla Window Layout | image credit][8]
The GUI is split in 6 different zones/window layout. Let me briefly explain them to you.
**1\. Toolbar:** It has a variety of options like opening the Site Manager, refreshing local and/or remote directory file and folder lists, start processing current queue of files to be transferred, stop all transfers and discard files from queue, etc.
**2\. The Quick connect bar:** As its name suggests, allows you to quickly connect to a remote site without specifying many details about it except the host, username, password and port.
**3\. The Message log:** It shows you a log, regardless if the connection was successful or not. The errors are in red, normal messages are in white, and commands are in blue.
**4 & 5\. The Local pane and remote panes**: Both are very similar except for the fact that the Local pane shows contents of a local directory and a context menu has options for uploading files. Whereas, the remote pane shows contents of a remote directory and has options for downloading files from a remote directory to your local storage.
**6\. Transfer queue**: Lastly, the Transfer queue pane shows the status of items being transferred, their transfer speeds, items in queue and the file transfer history (limited to current instance
#### Connecting to a SFTP server using FileZilla
_**You need to know the username, password and the IP address of the remote server. The remote server should also be configured to accept connections with the provided details. You also need to have correct access settings in the destination folder.**_
To add a new SFTP connection, you need to open the site manager. There are two ways to open it.
There is a “Site Manager” item under the “Files” menu option on the menu bar. Or, you can click on the “Site manager” icon on the toolbar.
![the Site Manager button on the toolbar][9]
Once the Site Manager dialog pops up, click on the “New site” button and [optionally] rename the new site that is added to the entry. I have called mine “test8”.
![screenshot of the Site Manager][10]
To the right, under the General tab, ensure that the protocol used is appropriate to what the server administer has set for you. In my case, I set up a SFTP server (FTP over SSH) so I will proceed by choosing the option “SFTP – SSH File Transfer Protocol”.
The next field is for the IP address of the remote server.
If you do not mention the port number, FileZilla will assume that the port number to be used is the default SSH port 22.
There are a few options for the “Logon Type” drop-down. In the Normal logon method, you provide the username and password.
The Key file authentication method is useful for you if you have a pair of public and private keys set up to authenticate your SSH connection for the user.
Once you have filled all the appropriate details for the remote server and authentication, click on the “Connect” button positioned at the bottom to connect to the site. Do not worry, the new site you just established a connection to, will be saved in compliance to the “Logon Type”.
![Remote pane being populated after a successful connection][11]
If you see a status message as “Connected to <host IP address>” and the most recent status message as “Directory listing of “/” was successful”, you have successfully connected to the remote SFTP server (FTP using the SSH protocol).
Another indicator of a successful SFTP connection is that the remote directory pane gets populated when a connection is successfully established.
#### Sending files to remote system
You must **make sure to be in the directories where you have to transfer the file**. Transferring files is as simple as **double-clicking on the file** without explicitly specifying the target location.
If you click on a file from the left pane, it immediately gets transferred (or added to the queue if there are pending transfers) to the directory visible in the right pane.
The same goes from transferring files from right to left, i.e., from remote server to local. **This is why it is important to be in the correct locations in both local and remote systems**.
Alternatively, you can right-click on the file(s) and upload them (or add them to the upload queue). The destination is always the directory displayed in FileZilla interface.
![Transfer queue pane showing the local file name, remote destination, transfer speed and an ETA][12]
There isn’t much difference in either way of uploading files except for convenience and timing.
#### Downloading files from remote system
Just like uploading files, you get two options when transferring file from a remote server to local storage, but instead of “Upload” it is “Download”.
Downloading a file will download that file in the local directory that you currently have open in the Local directory pane.
You will notice a consistent behavior in downloading and uploading files, except for the sender and receiver. The file transfers will be in done in parallel unless the number of connections is restricted.
### Conclusion
Awesome! With the basics covered, you should be able to transfer files to and from your computer to your server. I hope you learnt something new :)
If you have any queries, please ask them in the [It’s FOSS community forums][13]. If you felt this was helpful to you, do let me know with a comment down below!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/filezilla-ubuntu/
作者：[Pratham Patel][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/pratham/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://linuxhandbook.com/transfer-files-ssh/
[2]: https://filezilla-project.org/
[3]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/filezilla-ubuntu-software-center.png?resize=751%2C382&ssl=1
[4]: https://itsfoss.com/unable-to-locate-package-error-ubuntu/
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-repositories/
[6]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/filezilla-ubuntu.png?resize=763%2C224&ssl=1
[7]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/01_filezilla.webp?resize=800%2C431&ssl=1
[8]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/02_filezilla_layout.webp?resize=800%2C504&ssl=1
[9]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/03_site_manager_annotated.webp?resize=386%2C170&ssl=1
[10]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/04_site_manager.webp?resize=800%2C577&ssl=1
[11]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/05_successful_connection.webp?resize=800%2C431&ssl=1
[12]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/07_transfer_pane_populated-1.webp?resize=800%2C431&ssl=1
[13]: https://itsfoss.community/

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@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
[#]: subject: "Using FileZilla for Connecting to SFTP Server Via GUI"
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/filezilla-ubuntu/"
[#]: author: "Pratham Patel https://itsfoss.com/author/pratham/"
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "hwlife "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
使用FileZilla图形界面连接sftp服务器
======
如果你问极客系统管理员，他们将使用[rsync或者scp命令在远程服务器和本地系统之间传输文件][1]。
然而，以上这些都是命令行方式，用起来不是每个人都能感到舒适。
谢天谢地的是，有一些图形化工具能够让你从远程服务器来传输文件。
[FileZilla][2] 是一个流行的，跨平台的传输文件为目的开源软件。它支持使用通过TLS或者SSL加密的FTP协议（FTPS），同时还有SSH上的FTP协议以及旧的FTP协议。
让我展示怎样在Linux上安装FileZilla然后用它来文件传输。
那么，让我们开始吧！
### 在ubuntu和其他Linux发行版上安装FileZilla
你可以使用源码来安装但是还是建议使用你的分发提供包。因为它是一个热门软件，它应该在许多Linux发行版的软件仓库中可用（如果不是全部的话）。 _**请使用你的发行版软件中心和包管理器里来安装**_.
在Ubuntu上，你可以从软件中心来安装它：
![FileZilla is available in the Ubuntu Software Center][3]
你也可以使用命令行的方式来安装它。
```
sudo apt install filezilla
```
如果你看到[软件包不存在的错误][4]，你应该 [开启通用仓库][5]。
一旦安装成功共，去菜单键（通过按windows键），键入FileZilla来启动它。
![Start FileZilla from the system menu][6]
### 使用FileZilla
当你第一次使用FileZilla时，你将会看到如下图所示的一个界面。
![Screenshot of FileZilla running][7]
左边窗口显示来自你本地系统的文件和目录。右边窗口显示目前是空的。当你连接到远程服务器时，来自你的远程系统的文件将会显示到这里。
在我让你看之前，让我分享一下关于理解FileZilla图形界面重要方面的一些细节。
#### 了解FileZilla图形界面
下图总体上给你展示了FileZilla窗口布局的不同部分。
![FileZilla Window Layout | image credit][8]
图形界面由6个不同的区域/窗口来组成。让我简短的给你解释它们。
**1\. 工具栏:** 它有许多选项，如打开站点管理器，刷新本地和远程目录文件和文件列表，开始运行中的当前文件传输队列，停止正和传输任务并且取消文件排队的功能，等等。
**2\. 快速连接栏:** 顾名思义，允许你快速连接到一个远程站点，不用指定许多详细信息，如主机名，用户名，密码和端口。
**3\. 消息日志:** 它显示给你一个日志，不论你连接成功与否，错误消息标记为红色，正常消息为白色，命令是蓝色。
**4 & 5\. 本地窗口和远程窗口**: 这两个窗口是非常相似的除了本地窗口显示本地目录内容和用来上传文件的上下文菜单。然而，远程窗口形式是远程目录的内容和从远程目录下载到本地文件的选项。
**6\. 传输队列**: 最后，传输队列窗口显示项目正被传输的状态和他们的传输速度以及队列文件传输历史（仅限当前实例）。
#### 使用FileZilla连接到SFTP服务器
_**你需要知道用户名，密码，和与远程服务器的IP地址。远程服务器也应该被设置成能够接收带有详细信息的连接。你在目标文件夹也需要有正确的存储设置。**_
新增一个SFTP连接，你需要打开站点管理器。有两种方式可以打开它。
在菜单栏上的"文件"菜单选项下有一个"站点管理器"。或者，你可以直接点击工具栏上的"站点管理器"图标。
![the Site Manager button on the toolbar][9]
一旦站点管理器对话框弹出，点击"新文件"按钮[可选]重命名 添加到条目中的新站点。我叫我的为"test8".
![screenshot of the Site Manager][10]
在右侧的常规选项下，确保使用的协议与服务器管理员为你设置的相一致。在我的例子中，我通过SSH功能的FTP协议设置了一个SFTP服务器(FTP over SSH)，因此我将继续选择"带有SSH功能的SFTP传输协议"。
下一个框填写远程服务器的IP地址。
如果你没有提及端口号，FileZilla将假定端口号为缺省的SSH协议22端口来使用。
登录类型下拉列表有几个选项。在常规登录方式下，你只需要提供用户名和密码。
如果你有一对公钥和私钥钥匙对来设置并授权你的SSH用户连接，Key文件授权方式是有用的。
一旦你已经为远程服务器和授权填写了整个详细的信息，点击底部的"连接"按钮连接到站点。别担心，你刚刚建立的新站点将会通过"登录类型"来保存。
![Remote pane being populated after a successful connection][11]
如果你看到一个 “连接到 <主机IP地址>”的状态消息，并且许多最近的状态消息是 “目录列表 “/” 显示成功”,你已经成功的连接到了远程的SFTP服务器(使用SSH的FTP协议)。
另一个SFTP连接成功的标志是当连接成功建立的时候，远程目录窗口有了很多消息。
#### 发送文件到远程系统
你必须 **确保你位于传输的文件在目录里**。传输文件非常简单，只需**双击文件**，无需指定指定目标位置。
如果你在左边窗口点击了一个文件，它立即可视化的传输(或者传输任务的话，加到队列中的)到右边的窗口里。
同样从右边窗口到左边窗口也是一样，比如，从远程服务器到本地。**这就是为什么本地和远程系统在正确的位置是非常重要的了**。
或者说，你可以鼠标右击文件上传它们（或者加它们到上传队列）。目标位置总是FileZilla界面中显示的目录。
![Transfer queue pane showing the local file name, remote destination, transfer speed and an ETA][12]
除了方便和快捷方面，上传文件这两种方式没有什么不同。
#### 下载远程系统中的文件
像上传文件一样，当从远程服务器传输文件到本地时有两种方式，但不是"上传"而是"下载"。
下载文件将在本地目录窗口中也就是你当前打开的本地窗口来下载。
你将会注意到除了发送者和接收者之外，下载和上传文件降世一个持续的行为。文件将并行传输除非连接数量受到限制。
### 结论
厉害！在这些基础上，你应该能够从你的计算机传输文件到你的服务器。我希望你能够学到一些新东西:)
如果你有一些疑问，请在[FOSS社区论坛][13]中询问。如果你感到这些对你有帮助，请在下方评论让我知道！
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/filezilla-ubuntu/
作者：[Pratham Patel][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[hwlife](https://github.com/hwlife)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/pratham/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://linuxhandbook.com/transfer-files-ssh/
[2]: https://filezilla-project.org/
[3]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/filezilla-ubuntu-software-center.png?resize=751%2C382&ssl=1
[4]: https://itsfoss.com/unable-to-locate-package-error-ubuntu/
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-repositories/
[6]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/filezilla-ubuntu.png?resize=763%2C224&ssl=1
[7]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/01_filezilla.webp?resize=800%2C431&ssl=1
[8]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/02_filezilla_layout.webp?resize=800%2C504&ssl=1
[9]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/03_site_manager_annotated.webp?resize=386%2C170&ssl=1
[10]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/04_site_manager.webp?resize=800%2C577&ssl=1
[11]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/05_successful_connection.webp?resize=800%2C431&ssl=1
[12]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/07_transfer_pane_populated-1.webp?resize=800%2C431&ssl=1
[13]: https://itsfoss.community/