document/TranslateProject
2
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git synced 2024-12-26 21:30:55 +08:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

translated

Browse Source
This commit is contained in:
vim-kakali 2017-04-16 06:44:53 -04:00
parent c7d2a3156c
commit ef387cab75
1 changed files with 63 additions and 58 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

121
sources/tech/20170220 Inxi – A Powerful Feature-Rich Commandline System Information Tool for Linux.md → translated/tech/20170220 Inxi – A Powerful Feature-Rich Commandline System Information Tool for Linux.md
View File

@ -1,31 +1,33 @@
vim-kakali translating
Inxi – A Powerful Feature-Rich Commandline System Information Tool for Linux Inxi —— 一个功能强大的获取 Linux 系统信息的命令行工具
============================================================ ============================================================
Inxi 最初是为控制台和 IRC（网络中继聊天）开发的一个强大且优秀的系统命令行工具。现在可以使用它获取用户的硬件和系统信息，它也能作为一个调试器使用或者一个社区技术支持工具。
Inxi is a powerful and remarkable command line-system information script designed for both console and IRC (Internet Relay Chat). It can be employed to instantly deduce user system configuration and hardware information, and also functions as a debugging, and forum technical support tool. 使用 Inxi 可以很容易的获取所有的硬件信息：硬盘、声卡、显卡、网卡、CPU 和 RAM 等。同时也能够获取大量的操作系统信息，比如硬件驱动、Xorg 、桌面环境、内核、GCC 版本，进程，开机时间和内存等信息。
It displays handy information concerning system hardware (hard disk, sound cards, graphic card, network cards, CPU, RAM, and more), together with system information about drivers, Xorg, desktop environment, kernel, GCC version(s), processes, uptime, memory, and a wide array of other useful information.
However, it’s output slightly differs between the command line and IRC, with a few default filters and color options applicable to IRC usage. The supported IRC clients include: BitchX, Gaim/Pidgin, ircII, Irssi, Konversation, Kopete, KSirc, KVIrc, Weechat, and Xchat plus any others that are capable of showing either built in or external Inxi output. 命令行和 IRC 上的 Inxi 输出略有不同，IRC 上会有一些可供用户使用的过滤器和颜色选项。支持 IRC 的客户端有：BitchX、Gaim/Pidgin、ircII、Irssi、 Konversation、 Kopete、 KSirc、 KVIrc、 Weechat 和 Xchat ;其他的一些客户端都会有一些过滤器和颜色选项，或者用 Inxi 的输出体现出这种区别。
### How to Install Inxi in Linux System
Inix is available in most mainstream Linux distribution repositories, and runs on BSDs as well.
### 在 Linux 系统上安装 Inxi
大多数主流 Linux 发行版的仓库中都有 Inxi ，包括大多数 BSD 系统。
``` ```
$ sudo apt-get install inxi [On Debian/Ubuntu/Linux Mint] $ sudo apt-get install inxi [On Debian/Ubuntu/Linux Mint]
$ sudo yum install inxi [On CentOs/RHEL/Fedora] $ sudo yum install inxi [On CentOs/RHEL/Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install inxi [On Fedora 22+] $ sudo dnf install inxi [On Fedora 22+]
``` ```
在使用 Inxi 之前，用下面的命令查看 Inxi 的介绍信息，包括各种各样的文件夹和需要安装的包。
Before we start using it, we can run the command that follows to check all application dependencies plus recommends, and various directories, and display what package(s) we need to install to add support for a given feature.
``` ```
$ inxi --recommends $ inxi --recommends
``` ```
Inxi Checking Inxi 的输出：
``` ```
inxi will now begin checking for the programs it needs to operate. First a check of the main languages and tools inxi will now begin checking for the programs it needs to operate. First a check of the main languages and tools
inxi uses. Python is only for debugging data collection. inxi uses. Python is only for debugging data collection.
@ -120,22 +122,22 @@ File: /var/run/dmesg.boot
All tests completed. All tests completed.
``` ```
### Basic Usage of Inxi Tool in Linux
Below are some basic Inxi options we can use to collect machine plus system information. 用下面的操作获取系统和硬件的详细信息。
#### Show Linux System Information #### 获取系统信息
Inix 不加任何选项就能输出下面的信息：CPU 、内核、开机时长、内存大小、硬盘大小、进程数、登陆终端以及 Inxi 版本。
When run without any flags, Inxi will produce output to do with system CPU, kernel, uptime, memory size, hard disk size, number of processes, client used and inxi version:
``` ```
$ inxi $ inxi
CPU~Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) speed/max~2164/2700 MHz Kernel~4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 Up~3:15 Mem~3122.0/7879.9MB HDD~1000.2GB(20.0% used) Procs~234 Client~Shell inxi~2.2.35 CPU~Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) speed/max~2164/2700 MHz Kernel~4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 Up~3:15 Mem~3122.0/7879.9MB HDD~1000.2GB(20.0% used) Procs~234 Client~Shell inxi~2.2.35
``` ```
#### Show Linux Kernel and Distribution Info #### 获取内核和发行版本信息
使用 Inxi 的 `-S` 选项查看本机系统信息：
The command below will show sample system info (hostname, kernel info, desktop environment and disto) using the `-S` flag:
``` ```
$ inxi -S $ inxi -S
@ -143,9 +145,10 @@ System: Host: TecMint Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 (64 bit) Desktop: Cinnamon
Distro: Linux Mint 18 Sarah Distro: Linux Mint 18 Sarah
``` ```
#### Find Linux Laptop or PC Model Information
To print machine data-same as product details (system, product id, version, Mobo, model, BIOS etc), we can use the option `-M` as follows: ### 获取电脑机型
使用 `-M` 选项查看机型（笔记本/台式机）、产品 ID 、机器版本、主板、制造商和 BIOS 等信息：
``` ```
$ inxi -M $ inxi -M
@ -153,9 +156,9 @@ Machine: System: LENOVO (portable) product: 20354 v: Lenovo Z50-70
Mobo: LENOVO model: Lancer 5A5 v: 31900059WIN Bios: LENOVO v: 9BCN26WW date: 07/31/2014 Mobo: LENOVO model: Lancer 5A5 v: 31900059WIN Bios: LENOVO v: 9BCN26WW date: 07/31/2014
``` ```
#### Find Linux CPU and CPU Speed Information ### 获取 CPU 及主频信息
使用 `-C` 选项查看完整的 CPU 信息，包括每核 CPU 的频率及可用的最大主频。
We can display complete CPU information, including per CPU clock-speed and CPU max speed (if available) with the `-C` flag as follows:
``` ```
$ inxi -C $ inxi -C
@ -163,9 +166,10 @@ CPU: Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) cache: 3072 KB
clock speeds: max: 2700 MHz 1: 1942 MHz 2: 1968 MHz 3: 1734 MHz 4: 1710 MHz clock speeds: max: 2700 MHz 1: 1942 MHz 2: 1968 MHz 3: 1734 MHz 4: 1710 MHz
``` ```
#### Find Graphic Card Information in Linux
The option `-G` can be used to show graphics card info (card type, display server, resolution, GLX renderer and GLX version) like so: #### 获取显卡信息
使用 `-G` 选项查看显卡信息，包括显卡类型、图形服务器、系统分辨率、GLX 渲染器（译者注： GLX 是一个 X 窗口系统的 OpenGL 扩展）和 GLX 版本。
``` ```
$ inxi -G $ inxi -G
@ -175,9 +179,10 @@ Display Server: X.Org 1.18.4 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa) Resolution: 1
GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Haswell Mobile GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0 GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Haswell Mobile GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0
``` ```
#### Find Audio/Sound Card Information in Linux
To get info about system audio/sound card, we use the `-A` flag: #### 获取声卡信息
使用 `-A` 选项查看声卡信息：
``` ```
$ inxi -A $ inxi -A
@ -185,9 +190,9 @@ Audio: Card-1 Intel 8 Series HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel Sound
Card-2 Intel Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel Card-2 Intel Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel
``` ```
#### Find Linux Network Card Information
To display network card info, we can make use of `-N` flag: #### 获取网卡信息
使用 `-N` 选项查看网卡信息：
``` ```
$ inxi -N $ inxi -N
@ -195,19 +200,19 @@ Network: Card-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Contro
Card-2: Realtek RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter driver: rtl8723be Card-2: Realtek RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter driver: rtl8723be
``` ```
#### Find Linux Hard Disk Information #### 获取硬盘信息
使用 `-D` 选项查看硬盘信息（大小、ID、型号）：
To view full hard disk information,(size, id, model) we can use the flag `-D`:
``` ```
$ inxi -D $ inxi -D
Drives: HDD Total Size: 1000.2GB (20.0% used) ID-1: /dev/sda model: ST1000LM024_HN size: 1000.2GB Drives: HDD Total Size: 1000.2GB (20.0% used) ID-1: /dev/sda model: ST1000LM024_HN size: 1000.2GB
``` ```
#### Summarize Full Linux System Information Together
To show a summarized system information; combining all the information above, we need to use the `-b` flag as below: #### 获取简要的系统信息
使用 `-b` 选项显示简要系统信息：
``` ```
$ inxi -b $ inxi -b
System: Host: TecMint Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 (64 bit) Desktop: Cinnamon 3.0.7 System: Host: TecMint Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 (64 bit) Desktop: Cinnamon 3.0.7
@ -225,9 +230,9 @@ Drives: HDD Total Size: 1000.2GB (20.0% used)
Info: Processes: 233 Uptime: 3:23 Memory: 3137.5/7879.9MB Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35 Info: Processes: 233 Uptime: 3:23 Memory: 3137.5/7879.9MB Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35
``` ```
#### Find Linux Hard Disk Partition Details #### 获取硬盘分区信息
使用 `-p` 选项输出完整的硬盘分区信息，包括每个分区的分区大小、已用空间、可用空间、文件系统以及文件系统类型。
The next command will enable us view complete list of hard disk partitions in relation to size, used and available space, filesystem as well as filesystem type on each partition with the `-p` flag:
``` ```
$ inxi -p $ inxi -p
@ -235,9 +240,9 @@ Partition: ID-1: / size: 324G used: 183G (60%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda10
ID-2: swap-1 size: 4.00GB used: 0.00GB (0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sda9 ID-2: swap-1 size: 4.00GB used: 0.00GB (0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sda9
``` ```
#### Shows Full Linux System Information
In order to show complete Inxi output, we use the `-F` flag as below (note that certain data is filtered for security reasons such as WAN IP): #### 获取完整的 Linux 系统信息
使用 `-F` 选项查看可以完整的 Inxi 输出（安全起见比如网络 IP 地址信息不会显示，下面的示例只显示部分输出信息）：
``` ```
$ inxi -F $ inxi -F
@ -266,22 +271,21 @@ Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A
Info: Processes: 234 Uptime: 3:26 Memory: 3188.9/7879.9MB Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35 Info: Processes: 234 Uptime: 3:26 Memory: 3188.9/7879.9MB Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35
``` ```
### Linux System Monitoring with Inxi Tool ### 使用 Inxi 工具监控 Linux 系统
Following are few options used to monitor Linux system processes, uptime, memory etc. 下面是监控 Linux 系统进程、开机时间和内存的几个选项的使用方法。
#### Monitor Linux Processes Memory Usage
Get summarized system info in relation to total number of processes, uptime and memory usage: #### 监控 Linux 进程的内存使用
使用下面的命令查看进程数、开机时间和内存使用情况：
``` ```
$ inxi -I $ inxi -I
Info: Processes: 232 Uptime: 3:35 Memory: 3256.3/7879.9MB Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35 Info: Processes: 232 Uptime: 3:35 Memory: 3256.3/7879.9MB Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35
``` ```
#### Monitoring Processes by CPU and Memory Usage #### 监控进程占用的 CPU 和内存资源
Inxi 默认显示 [前 5 个最消耗 CPU 和内存的进程][1]。 `-t` 选项和 `c` 选项一起使用查看前 5 个最消耗 CPU 资源的进程，查看最消耗内存的进程使用 `-t` 选项和 `m` 选项； `-t`选项 和 `cm` 选项一起使用显示前 5 个最消耗 CPU 和内存资源的进程。
By default, it can help us determine the [top 5 processes consuming CPU or memory][1]. The `-t` option used together with `c` (CPU) and/or `m` (memory) options lists the top 5 most active processes eating up CPU and/or memory as shown below:
``` ```
----------------- Linux CPU Usage ----------------- ----------------- Linux CPU Usage -----------------
@ -321,7 +325,7 @@ Memory: MB / % used - Used/Total: 3223.6/7879.9MB - top 5 active
4: mem: 244.45MB (3.1%) command: chrome pid: 7405 4: mem: 244.45MB (3.1%) command: chrome pid: 7405
5: mem: 211.68MB (2.6%) command: chrome pid: 6146 5: mem: 211.68MB (2.6%) command: chrome pid: 6146
``` ```
可以在选项 `cm` 后跟一个整数（在 1-20 之间）设置显示多少个进程，下面的命令显示了前 10 个最消耗 CPU 和内存的进程：
We can use `cm` number (number can be 1-20) to specify a number other than 5, the command below will show us the [top 10 most active processes][2] eating up CPU and memory. We can use `cm` number (number can be 1-20) to specify a number other than 5, the command below will show us the [top 10 most active processes][2] eating up CPU and memory.
``` ```
@ -350,9 +354,9 @@ Memory: MB / % used - Used/Total: 3163.1/7879.9MB - top 10 active
10: mem: 151.83MB (1.9%) command: mysqld pid: 1259 10: mem: 151.83MB (1.9%) command: mysqld pid: 1259
``` ```
#### Monitor Linux Network Interfaces #### 监控网络设备
下面的命令会列出网卡信息，包括接口信息、网络频率、mac 地址、网卡状态和网络 IP 等信息。
The command that follows will show us advanced network card information including interface, speed, mac id, state, IPs, etc:
``` ```
$ inxi -Nni $ inxi -Nni
@ -364,9 +368,9 @@ WAN IP: 111.91.115.195 IF: wlp2s0 ip-v4: N/A
IF: enp1s0 ip-v4: 192.168.0.103 IF: enp1s0 ip-v4: 192.168.0.103
``` ```
#### Monitor Linux CPU Temperature and Fan Speed #### 监控 CPU 温度和电脑风扇转速
可以使用 `-s` 选项监控 [配置了传感器的机器][2] 获取温度和风扇转速：
We can keep track of the [hardware installed/configured sensors][3] output by using the -s option:
``` ```
$ inxi -s $ inxi -s
@ -374,9 +378,9 @@ Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 53.0C mobo: N/A
Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A
``` ```
#### Find Weather Report in Linux #### 用 Linux 查看天气预报
使用 `-w` 选项查看本地区的天气情况（虽然使用的 API 可能不是很可靠），使用 `-w` `<different_location>` 设置所在的地区。
We can also view whether info (though API used is unreliable) for the current location with the `-w` or `-W``<different_location>` to set a different location.
``` ```
$ inxi -w $ inxi -w
@ -387,9 +391,9 @@ $ inxi -W Nairobi,Kenya
Weather: Conditions: 70 F (21 C) - Mostly Cloudy Time: February 20, 11:08 AM EAT Weather: Conditions: 70 F (21 C) - Mostly Cloudy Time: February 20, 11:08 AM EAT
``` ```
#### Find All Linux Repsitory Information #### 查看所有的 Linux 仓库信息。
另外，可以使用 `-r` 选项查看一个 Linux 发行版的仓库信息：
We can additionally view a distro repository data with the `-r` flag:
``` ```
$ inxi -r $ inxi -r
@ -422,34 +426,35 @@ Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-mozilla-security-ppa-
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-mozilla-security/ppa/ubuntu xenial main deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-mozilla-security/ppa/ubuntu xenial main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-mozilla-security/ppa/ubuntu xenial main deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-mozilla-security/ppa/ubuntu xenial main
``` ```
下面是查看 Inxi 的安装版本、快速帮助和打开 man 主页的方法，以及更多的 Inxi 使用细节。
To view it’s current installed version, a quick help, and open the man page for a full list of options and detailed usage info plus lots more, type:
``` ```
$ inxi -v #show version $ inxi -v #显示版本信息
$ inxi -h #quick help $ inxi -h #快速帮助
$ man inxi #open man page $ man inxi #打开 man 主页
``` ```
浏览 Inxi 的官方 GitHub 主页 [https://github.com/smxi/inxi][4] 查看更多的信息。
For more information, visit official GitHub Repository: [https://github.com/smxi/inxi][4] For more information, visit official GitHub Repository: [https://github.com/smxi/inxi][4]
That’s all for now! In this article, we reviewed Inxi, a full featured and remarkable command line tool for collecting machine hardware and system info. This is one of the best CLI based [hardware/system information collection tools][5] for Linux, I have ever used. Inxi 是一个功能强大的获取硬件和系统信息的命令行工具。这也是我使用过的最好的 [获取硬件和系统信息的命令行工具][5] 之一。
写下你的评论。如果你知道其他的像 Inxi 这样的工具，我们很高兴和你一起讨论。
To share your thoughts about it, use the comment form below. Lastly, in case you know of other, such useful tools as Inxi out there, you can inform us and we will be delighted to review them as well.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
作者简介： 作者简介：
Aaron Kili 是一个 Linux 和 F.O.S.S（译者注：一个 Linux 开源门户网站）的狂热爱好者，即任的 Linux 系统管理员，web 开发者，TecMint 网站的专栏作者，他喜欢使用计算机工作，并且乐于分享计算机技术。
Aaron Kili is a Linux and F.O.S.S enthusiast, an upcoming Linux SysAdmin, web developer, and currently a content creator for TecMint who loves working with computers and strongly believes in sharing knowledge.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://www.tecmint.com/inxi-command-to-find-linux-system-information/ via: http://www.tecmint.com/inxi-command-to-find-linux-system-information/
作者：[Aaron Kili][a] 作者：[Aaron Kili][a]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 译者：[vim-kakali](https://github.com/vim-kakali)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出