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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (wxy)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Use tmux to create the console of your dreams)
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/1/tmux-console)
[#]: author: (Kevin Sonney https://opensource.com/users/ksonney)
Use tmux to create the console of your dreams
======
You can do a lot with tmux, especially when you add tmuxinator to the
mix. Check them out in the fifteenth in our series on 20 ways to be more
productive with open source in 2020.
![Person drinking a hat drink at the computer][1]
Last year, I brought you 19 days of new (to you) productivity tools for 2019. This year, I'm taking a different approach: building an environment that will allow you to be more productive in the new year, using tools you may or may not already be using.
### Do it all on the console with tmux and tmuxinator
In this series so far, I've written about individual apps and tools. Starting today, I'll put them together into comprehensive setups to streamline things. Starting at the command line. Why the command line? Simply put, working at the command line allows me to access a lot of these tools and functions from anywhere I can run SSH. I can SSH into one of my personal machines and run the same setup on my work machine as I use on my personal one. And the primary tool I'm going to use for that is [tmux][2].
Most people use tmux for very basic functions, such as opening it on a remote server then starting a process, maybe opening a second session to watch log files or debug information, then disconnecting and coming back later. But you can do so much work with tmux.
![tmux][3]
First things first—if you have an existing tmux configuration file, back it up. The configuration file for tmux is **~/.tmux.conf**. Move it to another directory, like **~/tmp**. Now, clone the [Oh My Tmux][4] project with Git. Link to **.tmux.conf** from that and copy in the **.tmux.conf.local** file to make adjustments:
```
cd ~
mkdir ~/tmp
mv ~/.tmux.conf ~/tmp/
git clone <https://github.com/gpakosz/.tmux.git>
ln -s ~/.tmux/.tmux.conf ./
cp ~/.tmux.conf.local ./
```
The **.tmux.conf.local** file contains local settings and overrides. For example, I changed the default colors a bit and turned on the [Powerline][5] dividers. This snippet shows only the things I changed:
```
tmux_conf_theme_24b_colour=true
tmux_conf_theme_focused_pane_bg='default'
tmux_conf_theme_pane_border_style=fat
tmux_conf_theme_left_separator_main='\uE0B0'
tmux_conf_theme_left_separator_sub='\uE0B1'
tmux_conf_theme_right_separator_main='\uE0B2'
tmux_conf_theme_right_separator_sub='\uE0B3'
#tmux_conf_battery_bar_symbol_full='◼'
#tmux_conf_battery_bar_symbol_empty='◻'
tmux_conf_battery_bar_symbol_full='♥'
tmux_conf_battery_bar_symbol_empty='·'
tmux_conf_copy_to_os_clipboard=true
set -g mouse on
```
Note that you do not need to have Powerline installed—you just need a font that supports the Powerline symbols. I use [Hack Nerd Font][6] for almost everything console-related since it is easy for me to read and has many, many useful extra symbols. You'll also note that I turn on operating system clipboard support and mouse support.
Now, when tmux starts up, the status bar at the bottom provides a bit more information—and in exciting colors. **Ctrl**+**b** is still the "leader" key for entering commands, but some others have changed. Splitting panes horizontally (top/bottom) is now **Ctrl**+**b**+**-** and vertically is now **Ctrl**+**b**+**_**. With mouse mode turned on, you can click to switch between the panes and drag the dividers to resize them. Opening a new window is still **Ctrl**+**b**+**n**, and you can now click on the window name on the bottom bar to switch between them. Also, **Ctrl**+**b**+**e** will open up the **.tmux.conf.local** file for editing. When you exit the editor, tmux will reload the configuration without reloading anything else. Very useful.
So far, I've only made some simple changes to functionality and visual display and added mouse support. Now I'll set it up to launch the apps I want in a way that makes sense and without having to reposition and resize them every time. For that, I'll use [tmuxinator][7]. Tmuxinator is a launcher for tmux that allows you to specify and manage layouts and autostart applications with a YAML file. To use it, start tmux and create panes with the things you want running in them. Then, open a new window with **Ctrl**+**b**+**n**, and execute **tmux list-windows**. You will get detailed information about the layout.
![tmux layout information][8]
Note the first line in the code above where I set up four panes with an application in each one.** **Save the output from when you run it for later. Now, run **tmuxinator new 20days** to create a layout named **20days**. This will bring up a text editor with the default layout file. It has a lot of useful stuff in it, and I encourage you to read up on all the options. Start by putting in the layout information above and what apps you want where:
```
# /Users/ksonney/.config/tmuxinator/20days.yml
name: 20days
root: ~/
windows:
   - mail:
      layout: d9da,208x60,0,0[208x26,0,0{104x26,0,0,0,103x26,105,0,5},208x33,0,27{104x33,0,27,1,103x33,105,27,4}]] @0
      panes:
        - alot
        - abook
        - ikhal
        - todo.sh ls +20days
```
Be careful with the spaces! Like Python code, the spaces and indentation matter to how the file is interpreted. Save the file and then run **tmuxinator 20days**. You should get four panes with the [alot][9] mail program, [abook][10], ikhal (a shortcut to [khal][11] interactive), and anything in [todo.txt][12] with the tag **+20days**.
![sample layout launched by tmuxinator][13]
You'll also notice that the window on the bottom bar is labeled Mail. You can click on the name (along with other named windows) to jump to that view. Nifty, right? I set up a second window named Social with [Tuir][14], [Newsboat][15], an IRC client connected to [BitlBee][16], and [Rainbow Stream][17] in the same file.
Tmux is my productivity powerhouse for keeping track of all the things, and with tmuxinator, I don't have to worry about constantly resizing, placing, and launching my applications.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/tmux-console
作者：[Kevin Sonney][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/ksonney
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/coffee_tea_laptop_computer_work_desk.png?itok=D5yMx_Dr (Person drinking a hat drink at the computer)
[2]: https://github.com/tmux/tmux
[3]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/productivity_15-1.png (tumux)
[4]: https://github.com/gpakosz/.tmux
[5]: https://github.com/powerline/powerline
[6]: https://www.nerdfonts.com/
[7]: https://github.com/tmuxinator/tmuxinator
[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/productivity_15-2.png (tmux layout information)
[9]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/organize-email-notmuch
[10]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/sync-contacts-locally
[11]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/open-source-calendar
[12]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/open-source-to-do-list
[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/productivity_15-3.png (sample layout launched by tmuxinator)
[14]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/open-source-reddit-client
[15]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/open-source-rss-feed-reader
[16]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/open-source-chat-tool
[17]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/tweet-terminal-rainbow-stream

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (wxy)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Use tmux to create the console of your dreams)
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/1/tmux-console)
[#]: author: (Kevin Sonney https://opensource.com/users/ksonney)
使用 tmux 创建你的梦想主控台
======
> 使用 tmux 可以做很多事情，尤其是在将 tmuxinator 添加到其中时。在我们的二十篇系列文章的第十五期中查看它们，以在 2020 年实现开源生产力的提高。
![Person drinking a hat drink at the computer][1]
去年，我在 19 天里给你介绍了 19 个新（对你而言）的生产力工具。今年，我换了一种方式：使用你在使用或者还没使用的工具，构建一个使你可以在新一年更加高效的环境。
### 使用 tmux 和 tmuxinator 全部放到主控台上
到目前为止，在本系列文章中，我已经撰写了有关单个应用程序和工具的文章。从今天开始，我将把它们放在一起进行全面设置以简化操作。让我们从命令行开始。为什么使用命令行？简而言之，在命令行上工作可以使我从能够运行 SSH 的任何位置访问许多这些工具和功能。我可以 SSH 进入我的一台个人计算机，并在工作计算机上运行与在我的个人计算机上使用的相同设置。我要使用的主要工具是 [tmux][2]。
大多数人都只使用了 tmux 非常基本的功能，例如在远程服务器上打开 tmux，然后启动进程，也许还会打开第二个会话以查看日志文件或调试信息，然后断开连接并在稍后返回。但是其实你可以使用 tmux 做很多工作。
![tmux][3]
首先，如果你有一个现成的 tmux 配置文件，请对其进行备份。tmux 的配置文件是 `~/.tmux.conf`。将其移动到另一个目录，例如 `~/tmp`。 现在，用 Git 克隆 [Oh My Tmux][4] 项目。从该克隆中将 `.tmux.conf` 符号链接到家目录，并复制该克隆中的 `.tmux.conf.local` 文件到家目录以进行调整：
```
cd ~
mkdir ~/tmp
mv ~/.tmux.conf ~/tmp/
git clone https://github.com/gpakosz/.tmux.git
ln -s ~/.tmux/.tmux.conf ./
cp ~/.tmux/.tmux.conf.local ./
```
`.tmux.conf.local` 文件包含了本地设置和覆盖设置。例如，我稍微更改了默认颜色，然后启用了 [Powerline][5] 分隔线。下面的代码段仅显示我更改的内容：
```
tmux_conf_theme_24b_colour=true
tmux_conf_theme_focused_pane_bg='default'
tmux_conf_theme_pane_border_style=fat
tmux_conf_theme_left_separator_main='\uE0B0'
tmux_conf_theme_left_separator_sub='\uE0B1'
tmux_conf_theme_right_separator_main='\uE0B2'
tmux_conf_theme_right_separator_sub='\uE0B3'
#tmux_conf_battery_bar_symbol_full='◼'
#tmux_conf_battery_bar_symbol_empty='◻'
tmux_conf_battery_bar_symbol_full='♥'
tmux_conf_battery_bar_symbol_empty='·'
tmux_conf_copy_to_os_clipboard=true
set -g mouse on
```
请注意，你不需要安装 Powerline，你只需要支持 Powerline 符号的字体即可。我在与控制台相关的所有内容几乎都使用 [Hack Nerd Font][6]，因为它易于阅读并且具有许多有用的额外符号。你还会注意到，我打开了操作系统剪贴板支持和鼠标支持。
现在，当 tmux 启动时，底部的状态栏会以吸引人的颜色提供更多信息。`Ctrl` + `b` 仍然是输入命令的 “引导” 键，但其他一些已更改。现在水平拆分（顶部/底部）窗格为 `Ctrl` + `b` + `-`，垂直拆分为 `Ctrl` + `b` + `_`。启用鼠标模式后，你可以单击以在窗格之间切换，并拖动分隔线以调整其大小。打开新窗口仍然是 `Ctrl` + `b` + `n`，你现在可以单击底部栏上的窗口名称在它们之间进行切换。同样，`Ctrl` + `b` + `e` 将打开 `.tmux.conf.local` 文件以进行编辑。退出编辑器时，tmux 将重新加载配置，而不重新加载其他任何内容。这很有用。
到目前为止，我仅对功能和视觉显示进行了一些简单的更改，并增加了鼠标支持。现在，我将它设置为以一种有意义的方式启动我想要的应用程序，而不必每次都重新定位和调整它们的大小。为此，我将使用 [tmuxinator][7]。tmuxinator 是 tmux 的启动器，它允许你指定和管理布局以及使用 YAML 文件自动启动应用程序。要使用它，请启动 tmux 并创建要在其中运行的东西的窗格。然后，使用 `Ctrl` + `b` + `n` 打开一个新窗口，并执行 `tmux list-windows`。你将获得有关布局的详细信息。
![tmux layout information][8]
请注意上面代码中的第一行，我在其中设置了四个窗格，每个窗格中都有一个应用程序。保存运行时的输出以供以后使用。现在，运行 `tmuxinator new 20days` 以创建名为 “20days” 的布局。这将显示一个带有默认布局文件的文本编辑器。它包含很多有用的内容，我鼓励你阅读所有选项。首先输入上方的布局信息以及所需的应用程序：
```
# /Users/ksonney/.config/tmuxinator/20days.yml
name: 20days
root: ~/
windows:
- mail:
layout: d9da,208x60,0,0[208x26,0,0{104x26,0,0,0,103x26,105,0,5},208x33,0,27{104x33,0,27,1,103x33,105,27,4}]] @0
panes:
- alot
- abook
- ikhal
- todo.sh ls +20days
```
注意空格缩进！与 Python 代码一样，空格和缩进关系到文件的解释方式。保存该文件，然后运行 `tmuxinator 20days`。你应该会得到四个窗格，分别是 [alot][9] 邮件程序、[abook][10]、ikhal（交互式 [khal][11] 的快捷方式）以及 [todo.txt][12] 中带有 “+20days” 标签的任何内容。
![sample layout launched by tmuxinator][13]
你还会注意到，底部栏上的窗口标记为 “Mail”。你可以单击名称（以及其他命名的窗口）以跳到该视图。漂亮吧？我在同一个文件中还设置了名为 “Social” 的第二个窗口，包括 [Tuir][14]、[Newsboat][15]、连接到 [BitlBee][16] 的 IRC 客户端和 [Rainbow Stream][17]。
tmux 是我跟踪所有事情的生产力动力之源，有了 tmuxinator，我不必在不断调整大小、放置和启动我的应用程序上费心。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/tmux-console
作者：[Kevin Sonney][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[wxyD](https://github.com/wxy)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/ksonney
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/coffee_tea_laptop_computer_work_desk.png?itok=D5yMx_Dr (Person drinking a hat drink at the computer)
[2]: https://github.com/tmux/tmux
[3]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/productivity_15-1.png (tumux)
[4]: https://github.com/gpakosz/.tmux
[5]: https://github.com/powerline/powerline
[6]: https://www.nerdfonts.com/
[7]: https://github.com/tmuxinator/tmuxinator
[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/productivity_15-2.png (tmux layout information)
[9]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/organize-email-notmuch
[10]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/sync-contacts-locally
[11]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/open-source-calendar
[12]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/open-source-to-do-list
[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/productivity_15-3.png (sample layout launched by tmuxinator)
[14]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/open-source-reddit-client
[15]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/open-source-rss-feed-reader
[16]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/open-source-chat-tool
[17]: https://opensource.com/article/20/1/tweet-terminal-rainbow-stream