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sources/tech/20190901 Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8.md → translated/tech/20190901 Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8.md
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@ -7,26 +7,26 @@
[#]: via: (https://www.linuxtechi.com/configure-static-ip-address-rhel8/) [#]: via: (https://www.linuxtechi.com/configure-static-ip-address-rhel8/)
[#]: author: (Pradeep Kumar https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/pradeep/) [#]: author: (Pradeep Kumar https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/pradeep/)
Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8 在 RHEL8 配置静态 IP 地址的不同方法
======
======
在 **Linux服务器** 上工作时，在网卡/以太网卡上分配静态 IP 地址是每个 Linux 工程师的常见任务之一。如果一个人在Linux 服务器上正确配置了静态地址，那么他/她就可以通过网络远程访问它。在本文中，我们将演示在 RHEL 8 服务器网卡上配置静态 IP 地址的不同方法。
While Working on **Linux Servers**, assigning Static IP address on NIC / Ethernet cards is one of the common tasks that every Linux engineer do. If one configures the **Static IP address** correctly on a Linux server then he/she can access it remotely over network. In this article we will demonstrate what are different ways to assign Static IP address on RHEL 8 Server’s NIC.
[![Configure-Static-IP-RHEL8][1]][2] [![Configure-Static-IP-RHEL8][1]][2]
Following are the ways to configure Static IP on a NIC, 以下是在网卡上配置静态IP的方法：
* nmcli (command line tool) * nmcli (命令行工具)
* Network Scripts files(ifcfg-*) * 网络脚本文件(ifcfg-*)
* nmtui  (text based user interface) * nmtui  (基于文本的用户界面)
### 使用 nmcli 命令行工具配置静态 IP 地址
### Configure Static IP Address using nmcli command line tool 每当我们安装 RHEL 8 服务器时，就会自动安装命令行工具 ‘**nmcli**’ ，网络管理器使用 nmcli，并允许我们在以太网卡上配置静态 IP 地址。
Whenever we install RHEL 8 server then ‘**nmcli**’, a command line tool is installed automatically, nmcli is used by network manager and allows us to configure static ip address on Ethernet cards. 运行下面的 ip addr 命令，列出 RHEL 8 服务器上的以太网卡
Run the below ip addr command to list Ethernet cards on your RHEL 8 server
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# ip addr [root@linuxtechi ~]# ip addr
@ -34,9 +34,10 @@ Run the below ip addr command to list Ethernet cards on your RHEL 8 server
![ip-addr-command-rhel8][1] ![ip-addr-command-rhel8][1]
As we can see in above command output, we have two NICs enp0s3 & enp0s8. Currently ip address assigned to the NIC is via dhcp server.
Let’s assume we want to assign the static IP address on first NIC (enp0s3) with the following details, 正如我们在上面的命令输出中看到的，我们有两个网卡 enp0s3 & ampenp0s8。当前分配给网卡的 IP 地址是通过 DHCP 服务器获得的 。
假设我们希望在第一个网卡 (enp0s3) 上分配静态IP地址，具体内容如下:
* IP address = 192.168.1.4 * IP address = 192.168.1.4
* Netmask = 255.255.255.0 * Netmask = 255.255.255.0
@ -44,10 +45,9 @@ Let’s assume we want to assign the static IP address on first NIC (enp0s3) wit
* DNS = 8.8.8.8 * DNS = 8.8.8.8
依次运行以下 nmcli 命令来配置静态 IP，
Run the following nmcli commands one after the another to configure static ip, 使用“**nmcli connection **”命令列出当前活动的以太网卡，
List currently active Ethernet cards using “**nmcli connection**” command,
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli connection [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli connection
@ -56,44 +56,46 @@ enp0s3 7c1b8444-cb65-440d-9bf6-ea0ad5e60bae ethernet enp0s3
virbr0 3020c41f-6b21-4d80-a1a6-7c1bd5867e6c bridge virbr0 virbr0 3020c41f-6b21-4d80-a1a6-7c1bd5867e6c bridge virbr0
[root@linuxtechi ~]# [root@linuxtechi ~]#
``` ```
在 nmcli 命令下使用，在 enp0s3 上分配静态 IP。
Use beneath nmcli command to assign static ip on enp0s3,
**Syntax:**
# nmcli connection modify <interface_name> ipv4.address  <ip/prefix> **句法:**
**Note:** In short form, we usually replace connection with ‘con’ keyword and modify with ‘mod’ keyword in nmcli command. nmcli connection modify <interface_name> ipv4.address  <ip/prefix>
Assign ipv4 (192.168.1.4) to enp0s3 interface,
**注意:** 简化语句，在 nmcli 命令中，我们通常用 “con” 关键字替换连接，并用 “mod”关 键字进行修改。
将 ipv4 (192.168.1.4) 分配给 enp0s3 网卡上。
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.4/24 [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.4/24
[root@linuxtechi ~]# [root@linuxtechi ~]#
``` ```
Set the gateway using below nmcli command, 使用下面的 nmcli 命令设置网关，
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1 [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1
[root@linuxtechi ~]# [root@linuxtechi ~]#
``` ```
Set the manual configuration (from dhcp to static), 设置手动配置(从dhcp到static)，
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.method manual [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.method manual
[root@linuxtechi ~]# [root@linuxtechi ~]#
``` ```
Set DNS value as “8.8.8.8”, 设置 DNS 值为 “8.8.8.8”,
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8" [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"
[root@linuxtechi ~]# [root@linuxtechi ~]#
``` ```
To save the above changes and to reload the interface execute the beneath nmcli command, 要保存上述更改并重新加载，请执行 nmcli 如下命令，
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con up enp0s3 [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con up enp0s3
@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkMa
[root@linuxtechi ~]# [root@linuxtechi ~]#
``` ```
Above command output confirms that interface enp0s3 has been configured successfully.Whatever the changes we have made using above nmcli commands, those changes is saved permanently under the file “etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3” 以上命令显示网卡 enp0s3 已成功配置。 我们使用 nmcli 命令进行了那些更改都将永久保存在文件“etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3” 里。
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3 [root@linuxtechi ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
@ -109,15 +111,16 @@ Above command output confirms that interface enp0s3 has been configured successf
![ifcfg-enp0s3-file-rhel8][1] ![ifcfg-enp0s3-file-rhel8][1]
To Confirm whether IP address has been to enp0s3 interface use the below ip command, 要确认 IP 地址是否分配给了 enp0s3 网卡了，请使用以下 IP 命令查看，
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]#ip addr show enp0s3 [root@linuxtechi ~]#ip addr show enp0s3
``` ```
### Configure Static IP Address manually using network-scripts (ifcfg-) files ### 使用网络脚本文件(ifcfg-)手动配置静态 IP 地址
We can configure the static ip address to an ethernet card using its network-script or ‘ifcfg-‘ files. Let’s assume we want to assign the static ip address on our second Ethernet card ‘enp0s8’. 我们可以使用配置以太网卡的网络脚本或“ifcfg-”文件来配置以太网卡的静态 IP 地址。假设我们想在第二个以太网卡 “enp0s8” 上分配静态IP 地址：
* IP= 192.168.1.91 * IP= 192.168.1.91
* Netmask / Prefix = 24 * Netmask / Prefix = 24
@ -125,8 +128,7 @@ We can configure the static ip address to an ethernet card using its network-scr
* DNS1=4.2.2.2 * DNS1=4.2.2.2
转到目录 "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts "，查找文件 'ifcfg- enp0s8'，如果它不存在，则使用以下内容创建它，
Go to the directory “/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts” and look for the file ‘ifcfg- enp0s8’, if it does not exist then create it with following content,
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ [root@linuxtechi ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
@ -142,14 +144,16 @@ GATEWAY="192.168.1.1"
DNS1="4.2.2.2" DNS1="4.2.2.2"
``` ```
Save and exit the file and then restart network manager service to make above changes into effect,
保存并退出文件，然后重新启动网络管理器服务以使上述更改生效，
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi network-scripts]# systemctl restart NetworkManager [root@linuxtechi network-scripts]# systemctl restart NetworkManager
[root@linuxtechi network-scripts]# [root@linuxtechi network-scripts]#
``` ```
Now use below ip command to verify whether ip address is assigned to nic or not, 现在使用下面的 IP 命令来验证 IP 地址是否分配给网卡，
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# ip add show enp0s8 [root@linuxtechi ~]# ip add show enp0s8
@ -162,13 +166,14 @@ Now use below ip command to verify whether ip address is assigned to nic or not,
[root@linuxtechi ~]# [root@linuxtechi ~]#
``` ```
Above output confirms that static ip address has been configured successfully on the NIC ‘enp0s8’
### Configure Static IP Address using ‘nmtui’ utility 以上输出内容确认静态 IP 地址已在网卡“enp0s8”上成功配置了
nmtui is a text based user interface for controlling network manager, when we execute nmtui, it will open a text base user interface through which we can add, modify and delete connections. Apart from this nmtui can also be used to set hostname of your system. ### 使用 “nmtui” 实用程序配置静态 IP 地址
Let’s assume we want to assign static ip address to interface enp0s3 with following details, nmtui 是一个基于文本用户界面的，用于控制网络的管理器，当我们执行 nmtui 时，它将打开一个基于文本的用户界面，通过它我们可以添加、修改和删除连接。除此之外，nmtui 还可以用来设置系统的主机名。
假设我们希望通过以下细节将静态 IP 地址分配给网卡 enp0s3 ，
* IP address = 10.20.0.72 * IP address = 10.20.0.72
* Prefix = 24 * Prefix = 24
@ -176,8 +181,7 @@ Let’s assume we want to assign static ip address to interface enp0s3 with foll
* DNS1=4.2.2.2 * DNS1=4.2.2.2
运行 nmtui 并按照屏幕说明操作，示例如下所示
Run nmtui and follow the screen instructions, example is show
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# nmtui [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmtui
@ -185,31 +189,33 @@ Run nmtui and follow the screen instructions, example is show
[![nmtui-rhel8][1]][3] [![nmtui-rhel8][1]][3]
Select the first option ‘**Edit a connection**‘ and then choose the interface as ‘enp0s3’
选择第一个选项 “**Edit a connection**”，然后选择接口为“enp0s3”
[![Choose-interface-nmtui-rhel8][1]][4] [![Choose-interface-nmtui-rhel8][1]][4]
Choose Edit and then specify the IP address, Prefix, Gateway and DNS Server ip, 选择编辑，然后指定 IP 地址、前缀、网关和域名系统服务器IP，
[![set-ip-nmtui-rhel8][1]][5] [![set-ip-nmtui-rhel8][1]][5]
Choose OK and hit enter. In the next window Choose ‘**Activate a connection**’ 选择确定，然后点击回车。在下一个窗口中，选择 “**Activate a connection**”
[![Activate-option-nmtui-rhel8][1]][6] [![Activate-option-nmtui-rhel8][1]][6]
Select **enp0s3**,  Choose **Deactivate** & hit enter 选择 **enp0s3**，选择 **Deactivate** & 点击回车
[![Deactivate-interface-nmtui-rhel8][1]][7] [![Deactivate-interface-nmtui-rhel8][1]][7]
Now choose **Activate** & hit enter, 现在选择 **Activate** &点击回车，
[![Activate-interface-nmtui-rhel8][1]][8] [![Activate-interface-nmtui-rhel8][1]][8]
Select Back and then select Quit, 选择“上一步”，然后选择“退出”，
[![Quit-Option-nmtui-rhel8][1]][9] [![Quit-Option-nmtui-rhel8][1]][9]
Use below IP command to verify whether ip address has been assigned to interface enp0s3 使用下面的 IP 命令验证 IP 地址是否已分配给接口 enp0s3
``` ```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# ip add show enp0s3 [root@linuxtechi ~]# ip add show enp0s3
@ -222,9 +228,10 @@ Use below IP command to verify whether ip address has been assigned to interface
[root@linuxtechi ~]# [root@linuxtechi ~]#
``` ```
Above output confirms that we have successfully assign the static IP address to interface enp0s3 using nmtui utility.
That’s all from this tutorial, we have covered three different ways to configure ipv4 address to an Ethernet card on RHEL 8 system. Please do not hesitate to share feedback and comments in comments section below. 以上输出内容显示我们已经使用 nmtui 实用程序成功地将静态 IP 地址分配给接口 enp0s3。
以上就是本教程的全部内容，我们已经介绍了在 RHEL 8 系统上为以太网卡配置 ipv4 地址的三种不同方法。请不要犹豫，在下面的评论部分分享反馈和评论。
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