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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (An-DJ)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (How To Check CPU, Memory And Swap Utilization Percentage In Linux?)
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-check-cpu-memory-swap-utilization-percentage/)
[#]: author: (Vinoth Kumar https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/)
How To Check CPU, Memory And Swap Utilization Percentage In Linux?
======
There is a lot of commands and options are available in Linux to check memory utilization but i don’t see much information to check about memory utilization percentage.
Most of the times we are checking memory utilization alone and we won’t think about how much percentage is used.
If you want to know those information then you are in the right page.
We are here to help you out on this in details.
This tutorial will help you to identify the memory utilization when you are facing high memory utilization frequently in Linux server.
But the same time, you won’t be getting the clear utilization if you are using `free -m` or `free -g`.
These format commands fall under Linux advanced commands. It will be very useful for Linux Experts and Middle Level Linux Users.
### Method-1: How To Check Memory Utilization Percentage In Linux?
We can use the following combination of commands to get this done. In this method, we are using combination of free and awk command to get the memory utilization percentage.
If you are looking for other articles which is related to memory then navigate to the following link. Those are **[free Command][1]** , **[smem Command][2]** , **[ps_mem Command][3]** , **[vmstat Command][4]** and **[Multiple ways to check size of physical memory][5]**.
For `Memory` Utilization Percentage without Percent Symbol:
```
$ free -t | awk 'NR == 2 {print "Current Memory Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
or
$ free -t | awk 'FNR == 2 {print "Current Memory Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
Current Memory Utilization is : 20.4194
```
For `Swap` Utilization Percentage without Percent Symbol:
```
$ free -t | awk 'NR == 3 {print "Current Swap Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
or
$ free -t | awk 'FNR == 3 {print "Current Swap Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
Current Swap Utilization is : 0
```
For `Memory` Utilization Percentage with Percent Symbol and two decimal places:
```
$ free -t | awk 'NR == 2 {printf("Current Memory Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
or
$ free -t | awk 'FNR == 2 {printf("Current Memory Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
Current Memory Utilization is : 20.42%
```
For `Swap` Utilization Percentage with Percent Symbol and two decimal places:
```
$ free -t | awk 'NR == 3 {printf("Current Swap Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
or
$ free -t | awk 'FNR == 3 {printf("Current Swap Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
Current Swap Utilization is : 0.00%
```
If you are looking for other articles which is related to memory then navigate to the following link. Those are **[Create/Extend Swap Partition using LVM][6]** , **[Multiple Ways To Create Or Extend Swap Space][7]** and **[Shell Script to automatically Create/Remove and Mount Swap File][8]**.
free command output for better clarification:
```
$ free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15867 3730 9868 1189 2269 10640
Swap: 17454 0 17454
Total: 33322 3730 27322
```
Details are follow:
* **`free:`** free is a standard command to check memory utilization in Linux.
* **`awk:`** awk is a powerful command which is specialized for textual data manipulation.
* **`FNR == 2:`** It gives the total number of records for each input file. Basically it’s used to select the given line (Here, it chooses the line number 2).
* **`NR == 2:`** It gives the total number of records processed. Basically it’s used to filter the given line (Here, it chooses the line number 2)..
* **`$3/$2*100:`** It divides column 2 with column 3 and it’s multiply the results with 100.
* **`printf:`** It used to format and print data.
* **`%.2f%:`** By default it prints floating point numbers with 6 decimal places. Use the following format to limit a decimal places.
### Method-2: How To Check Memory Utilization Percentage In Linux?
We can use the following combination of commands to get this done. In this method, we are using combination of free, grep and awk command to get the memory utilization percentage.
For `Memory` Utilization Percentage without Percent Symbol:
```
$ free -t | grep Mem | awk '{print "Current Memory Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
Current Memory Utilization is : 20.4228
```
For `Swap` Utilization Percentage without Percent Symbol:
```
$ free -t | grep Swap | awk '{print "Current Swap Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
Current Swap Utilization is : 0
```
For `Memory` Utilization Percentage with Percent Symbol and two decimal places:
```
$ free -t | grep Mem | awk '{printf("Current Memory Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
Current Memory Utilization is : 20.43%
```
For `Swap` Utilization Percentage with Percent Symbol and two decimal places:
```
$ free -t | grep Swap | awk '{printf("Current Swap Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
Current Swap Utilization is : 0.00%
```
### Method-1: How To Check CPU Utilization Percentage In Linux?
We can use the following combination of commands to get this done. In this method, we are using combination of top, print and awk command to get the CPU utilization percentage.
If you are looking for other articles which is related to memory then navigate to the following link. Those are **[top Command][9]** , **[htop Command][10]** , **[atop Command][11]** and **[Glances Command][12]**.
If it shows multiple CPU in the output then you need to use the following method.
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu
%Cpu0 : 5.3 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 94.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu1 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu2 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 94.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 5.3 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu3 : 5.3 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 94.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu4 : 10.5 us, 15.8 sy, 0.0 ni, 73.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu5 : 0.0 us, 5.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 95.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu6 : 5.3 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 94.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu7 : 5.3 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 94.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
```
For `CPU` Utilization Percentage without Percent Symbol:
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu | awk '{cpu+=$9}END{print "Current CPU Utilization is : " 100-cpu/NR}'
Current CPU Utilization is : 21.05
```
For `CPU` Utilization Percentage with Percent Symbol and two decimal places:
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu | awk '{cpu+=$9}END{printf("Current CPU Utilization is : %.2f%"), 100-cpu/NR}'
Current CPU Utilization is : 14.81%
```
### Method-2: How To Check CPU Utilization Percentage In Linux?
We can use the following combination of commands to get this done. In this method, we are using combination of top, print/printf and awk command to get the CPU utilization percentage.
If it shows all together CPU(s) in the single output then you need to use the following method.
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu
%Cpu(s): 15.3 us, 7.2 sy, 0.8 ni, 69.0 id, 6.7 wa, 0.0 hi, 1.0 si, 0.0 st
```
For `CPU` Utilization Percentage without Percent Symbol:
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu | awk '{print "Current CPU Utilization is : " 100-$8}'
Current CPU Utilization is : 5.6
```
For `CPU` Utilization Percentage with Percent Symbol and two decimal places:
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu | awk '{printf("Current CPU Utilization is : %.2f%"), 100-$8}'
Current CPU Utilization is : 5.40%
```
Details are follow:
* **`top:`** top is one of the best command to check currently running process on Linux system.
* **`-b:`** -b option, allow the top command to switch in batch mode. It is useful when you run the top command from local system to remote system.
* **`-n1:`** Number-of-iterations
* **`^%Cpu:`** Filter the lines which starts with %Cpu
* **`awk:`** awk is a powerful command which is specialized for textual data manipulation.
* **`cpu+=$9:`** For each line, add column 9 to a variable ‘cpu’.
* **`printf:`** It used to format and print data.
* **`%.2f%:`** By default it prints floating point numbers with 6 decimal places. Use the following format to limit a decimal places.
* **`100-cpu/NR:`** Finally print the ‘CPU Average’ by subtracting 100, divided by the number of records.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-check-cpu-memory-swap-utilization-percentage/
作者：[Vinoth Kumar][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/free-command-to-check-memory-usage-statistics-in-linux/
[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/smem-linux-memory-usage-statistics-reporting-tool/
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/ps_mem-report-core-memory-usage-accurately-in-linux/
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-vmstat-command-examples-tool-report-virtual-memory-statistics/
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/easy-ways-to-check-size-of-physical-memory-ram-in-linux/
[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-create-extend-swap-partition-in-linux-using-lvm/
[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/add-extend-increase-swap-space-memory-file-partition-linux/
[8]: https://www.2daygeek.com/shell-script-create-add-extend-swap-space-linux/
[9]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-top-command-linux-system-performance-monitoring-tool/
[10]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-htop-command-linux-system-performance-resource-monitoring-tool/
[11]: https://www.2daygeek.com/atop-system-process-performance-monitoring-tool/
[12]: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-glances-advanced-real-time-linux-system-performance-monitoring-tool-on-centos-fedora-ubuntu-debian-opensuse-arch-linux/

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@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (An-DJ)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (How To Check CPU, Memory And Swap Utilization Percentage In Linux?)
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-check-cpu-memory-swap-utilization-percentage/)
[#]: author: (Vinoth Kumar https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/)
如何查看Linux下CPU，内存和Swap（交换分区）的占用率？
======
在Linux下有很多可用的命令和选项来查看内存占用情况，但是我并没有看见关于内存利用率的更多的信息。
在大多数情况下我们只单独查看内存使用情况，并没有考虑占用的百分比究竟是多少。
如果你想要了解这些信息，那你看这篇文章就对了。
我们将会详细地在这里帮助你解决这个问题。
这篇教程将会帮助你在面对Linux服务器下频繁内存高占用情况时，确定内存使用情况。
但是在同时，如果你使用的是`free -m`或者`free -g`，占用情况描述地并不是十分清楚。
这些格式化命令属于Linux高级命令。它将会对Linux专家和中等水平Linux使用者非常有用。
### 方法-1：如何查看Linux下内存占用率？
我们可以使用下面命令的组合来达到此目的。在该方法中，我们使用的是`free`和`awk`命令的组合来获取内存占用率。
如果你正在寻找其他有关于内存的文章，你可以导航到如下链接。这些文章有 **[free命令][1]** , **[smem命令][2]** , **[ps_mem命令][3]** , **[vmstat命令][4]** 及 **[多种方式来查看物理内存大小][5]**.
对于获取不包含百分比符号的`内存`占用率：
```
$ free -t | awk 'NR == 2 {print "Current Memory Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
或
$ free -t | awk 'FNR == 2 {print "Current Memory Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
Current Memory Utilization is : 20.4194
```
对于获取不包含百分比符号的`Swap（交换分区）`占用率：
```
$ free -t | awk 'NR == 3 {print "Current Swap Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
或
$ free -t | awk 'FNR == 3 {print "Current Swap Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
Current Swap Utilization is : 0
```
对于获取包含百分比符号及保留两位小数的`内存`占用率：
```
$ free -t | awk 'NR == 2 {printf("Current Memory Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
或
$ free -t | awk 'FNR == 2 {printf("Current Memory Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
Current Memory Utilization is : 20.42%
```
对于获取包含百分比符号及保留两位小数的`Swap（交换分区）`占用率：
```
$ free -t | awk 'NR == 3 {printf("Current Swap Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
或
$ free -t | awk 'FNR == 3 {printf("Current Swap Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
Current Swap Utilization is : 0.00%
```
如果你正在寻找有关于内存的其他文章，你可以导航至如下链接。这些链接有 **[使用LVM（逻辑盘卷管理，Logical Volume Manager）创建和扩展Swap交换分区][6]** , **[多种方式创建或扩展Swap交换分区][7]** 和 **[多种方式创建/删除和挂载交换分区文件][8]**。
键入free命令会更好地作出阐释：
```
$ free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15867 3730 9868 1189 2269 10640
Swap: 17454 0 17454
Total: 33322 3730 27322
```
如下是一些细节：
* **`free:`** free是一个标准命令，用于在Linux下查看内存使用情况。
* **`awk:`** awk是一个专门用来做文本数据处理的强大命令。
* **`FNR == 2:`** 该命令给出了对于每一个输入文件的行数。其基本上用于挑选出给定的行(针对于这里，它选择的是行数为2的行)
* **`NR == 2:`** 该命令给出了处理的行总数。其基本上用于过滤给出的行（针对于这里，它选择的是行数为2的行）
* **`$3/$2*100:`** 该命令将列3除以列2并将结果乘以100。
* **`printf:`** 该命令用于格式化和打印数据。
* **`%.2f%:`** 默认情况下，其打印小数点后保留6位的浮点数。使用后跟的格式来约束小数位。
### 方法-2：如何查看Linux下内存占用率？
我们可以使用下面命令的组合来达到此目的。在这种方法中，我们使用`free`,`grep`和`awk`命令的组合来获取内存占用率。
对于获取不包含百分比符号的`内存`占用率：
```
$ free -t | grep Mem | awk '{print "Current Memory Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
Current Memory Utilization is : 20.4228
```
对于获取不包含百分比符号的`Swap（交换分区）`占用率：
```
$ free -t | grep Swap | awk '{print "Current Swap Utilization is : " $3/$2*100}'
Current Swap Utilization is : 0
```
对于获取包含百分比符号及保留两位小数的`内存`占用率：
```
$ free -t | grep Mem | awk '{printf("Current Memory Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
Current Memory Utilization is : 20.43%
```
对于获取包含百分比符号及保留两位小数的`Swap（交换空间）`占用率：
```
$ free -t | grep Swap | awk '{printf("Current Swap Utilization is : %.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'
Current Swap Utilization is : 0.00%
```
### 方法-1：如何查看Linux下CPU的占用率？
我们可以使用如下命令的组合来达到此目的。在这种方法中，我们使用`top`,`print`和`awk`命令的组合来获取CPU的占用率。
如果你正在寻找其他有关于CPU（译者勘误，原文为memory)的文章，你可以导航至如下链接。这些文章有 **[top命令][9]** , **[htop命令][10]** , **[atop命令][11]** 及 **[Glances命令][12]**.
如果在输出中展示的是多个CPU的情况，那么你需要使用下面的方法。
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu
%Cpu0 : 5.3 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 94.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu1 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu2 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 94.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 5.3 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu3 : 5.3 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 94.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu4 : 10.5 us, 15.8 sy, 0.0 ni, 73.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu5 : 0.0 us, 5.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 95.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu6 : 5.3 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 94.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu7 : 5.3 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 94.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
```
对于获取不包含百分比符号的`CPU`占用率：
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu | awk '{cpu+=$9}END{print "Current CPU Utilization is : " 100-cpu/NR}'
Current CPU Utilization is : 21.05
```
对于获取包含百分比符号及保留2位小数的`CPU`占用率：
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu | awk '{cpu+=$9}END{printf("Current CPU Utilization is : %.2f%"), 100-cpu/NR}'
Current CPU Utilization is : 14.81%
```
### 方法-2：如何查看Linux下CPU的占用率？
我们可以使用如下命令的组合来达到此目的。在这种方法中，我们使用的是`top`,`print/printf`和`awk`命令的组合来获取CPU的占用率。
如果在单个输出中一起展示了所有的CPU的情况，那么你需要使用下面的方法。
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu
%Cpu(s): 15.3 us, 7.2 sy, 0.8 ni, 69.0 id, 6.7 wa, 0.0 hi, 1.0 si, 0.0 st
```
对于获取不包含百分比符号的`CPU`占用率：
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu | awk '{print "Current CPU Utilization is : " 100-$8}'
Current CPU Utilization is : 5.6
```
对于获取包含百分比符号及保留2位小数的`CPU`占用率：
```
$ top -b -n1 | grep ^%Cpu | awk '{printf("Current CPU Utilization is : %.2f%"), 100-$8}'
Current CPU Utilization is : 5.40%
```
如下是一些细节：
* **`top:`** top命令是一种用于查看当前Linux系统下正在运行的进程的非常好的命令。
* **`-b:`** -b选项，允许top命令切换至批处理的模式。当你从本地系统运行top命令至远程系统时，它将会非常有用。
* **`-n1:`** 迭代次数
* **`^%Cpu:`** 过滤以%CPU开头的行。
* **`awk:`** awk是一种专门用来做文本数据处理的强大命令。
* **`cpu+=$9:`** 对于每一行，将第9列添加至变量‘cpu'。
* **`printf:`** 该命令用于格式化和打印数据。
* **`%.2f%:`** 默认情况下，它打印小数点后保留6位的浮点数。使用后跟的格式来限制小数位数。
* **`100-cpu/NR:`** 最终打印出’CPU平均占用‘，即用100减去其并除以行数。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-check-cpu-memory-swap-utilization-percentage/
作者：[Vinoth Kumar][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[An-DJ](https://github.com/An-DJ)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/free-command-to-check-memory-usage-statistics-in-linux/
[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/smem-linux-memory-usage-statistics-reporting-tool/
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/ps_mem-report-core-memory-usage-accurately-in-linux/
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-vmstat-command-examples-tool-report-virtual-memory-statistics/
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/easy-ways-to-check-size-of-physical-memory-ram-in-linux/
[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-create-extend-swap-partition-in-linux-using-lvm/
[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/add-extend-increase-swap-space-memory-file-partition-linux/
[8]: https://www.2daygeek.com/shell-script-create-add-extend-swap-space-linux/
[9]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-top-command-linux-system-performance-monitoring-tool/
[10]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-htop-command-linux-system-performance-resource-monitoring-tool/
[11]: https://www.2daygeek.com/atop-system-process-performance-monitoring-tool/
[12]: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-glances-advanced-real-time-linux-system-performance-monitoring-tool-on-centos-fedora-ubuntu-debian-opensuse-arch-linux/