diff --git a/sources/tech/20220623 How to Boot into an Older Kernel By Default in Ubuntu and Other Linux.md b/sources/tech/20220623 How to Boot into an Older Kernel By Default in Ubuntu and Other Linux.md deleted file mode 100644 index 63b40e4e20..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20220623 How to Boot into an Older Kernel By Default in Ubuntu and Other Linux.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,129 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "How to Boot into an Older Kernel By Default in Ubuntu and Other Linux" -[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/boot-older-kernel-default/" -[#]: author: "Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/" -[#]: collector: "lkxed" -[#]: translator: "hanszhao80" -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -How to Boot into an Older Kernel By Default in Ubuntu and Other Linux -====== -Here’s a possible scenario. Your system received a kernel update but somehow things are not working as smoothly as previously. - -You realized that if you boot into the older kernel (yes, you can downgrade kernel), things are back to normal. - -That makes you happy with a little inconvenience. You have to manually select the older kernel at each boot. - -This problem was faced by an elderly It’s FOSS reader. The new kernel update in [Linux Mint][1] wasn’t working as expected. Booting into the older kernel ‘fixed’ the issues but choosing the older kernel at each boot was a problem. - -Removing the new kernel (while using the older kernel) is not a good idea because the new kernel will be installed and used with the next system updates. - -So, I suggested booting into the older Linux kernel by default. How to do that? That’s what I am going to show you in this tutorial. - -### Booting into the older Linux kernel - -If you are not already familiar with it, your Linux distribution keeps more than one Linux kernel installed on your system. Don’t believe me? [List the installed kernels in Ubuntu][2] with this command: - -``` -apt list --installed | grep linux-image -``` - -When you get a new kernel version with the system updates, your system automatically chooses to boot into the latest available kernel. - -From the [grub][3] screen, you can **go to the Advanced options** (or older Linux versions): - -![ubuntu grub][4] - -Here, you can see the available kernels to boot into. Choose the older one (without recovery option): - -![grub advanced options][5] - -You won’t notice any visual difference. Your files and applications remain the same. - -Now that you have booted into the older kernel, it’s time to make your system boot into it automatically. - -### Making older kernel the default - -If you are comfortable with Linux terminal and commands, you can modify the /etc/default/grub file and add the following lines to it: - -``` -GRUB_DEFAULT=saved -GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true -``` - -And then [update grub][6] with: - -``` -sudo update-grub -``` - -What you did here is to tell your system to save the currently used entry as the default entry for the future runs of GRUB. - -However, not everyone is okay with the command line and hence I’ll focus on a GUI tool called [Grub Customizer][7]. - -#### Installing Grub Customizer - -Use the official PPA to [install Grub Customizer in Ubuntu-based distributions][8]: - -``` -sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer -sudo apt update -sudo apt install grub-customizer -``` - -For other distributions, please use your package manager to install this tool. - -#### Using Grub Customizer to change the default boot entry - -When you run Grub Customizer, it shows the available boot entries. - -![grub customizer ubuntu][9] - -You have two options here. - -**Option1:** Select the desired kernel entry and use the arrow (displayed on the top menu) to move it up the order. - -![move older kernel up the order ubntu grub][10] - -**Option2:** Make the ‘previously booted entry’ the ‘default entry’. - -![make currently booted entry as default ubuntu][11] - -I would suggest going with option 2 because it will work even when there are new kernel updates. - -This way you downgrade the kernel in Ubuntu or other distributions without even removing the older kernel version. - -Do note that most distributions like Ubuntu only keep two kernel versions at a time. So eventually, your preferred older kernel will be removed with the newer kernel versions. - -This neat trick helped me when I [installed the latest Linux kernel in Ubuntu][12] and it had issues with my audio system for some reason. - -Whatever may be the reason, you now know how to boot into an older kernel automatically. - -Questions? Suggestions? The comment section is all yours. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://itsfoss.com/boot-older-kernel-default/ - -作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a] -选题：[lkxed][b] -译者：[hanszhao80](https://github.com/hanszhao80) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/ -[b]: https://github.com/lkxed -[1]: https://linuxmint.com/ -[2]: https://learnubuntu.com/list-installed-kernels/ -[3]: https://itsfoss.com/what-is-grub/ -[4]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/ubuntu-grub.jpg -[5]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Grub-Advanced-Options.jpg -[6]: https://itsfoss.com/update-grub/ -[7]: https://itsfoss.com/customize-grub-linux/ -[8]: https://itsfoss.com/install-grub-customizer-ubuntu/ -[9]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/grub-customizer-ubuntu.png -[10]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/move-older-kernel-up-the-order-ubntu-grub.png -[11]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/make-currently-booted-entry-as-default-ubuntu.png -[12]: https://itsfoss.com/upgrade-linux-kernel-ubuntu/ diff --git a/translated/tech/20220623 How to Boot into an Older Kernel By Default in Ubuntu and Other Linux.md b/translated/tech/20220623 How to Boot into an Older Kernel By Default in Ubuntu and Other Linux.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a0718cfe42 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20220623 How to Boot into an Older Kernel By Default in Ubuntu and Other Linux.md @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ +[#]: subject: "How to Boot into an Older Kernel By Default in Ubuntu and Other Linux" +[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/boot-older-kernel-default/" +[#]: author: "Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: "hanszhao80" +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +如何给 Ubuntu 等 Linux 系统的旧内核设置默认启动 +====== +这是一个可能的情景。你的系统收到了内核更新，但不知何故，事情不像以前那样顺利。 + +你意识到，如果你启动到较旧的内核（是的，你可以降级内核），一切都会恢复正常。 + +高兴之余你会觉得有点儿不爽。因为你不得不在每次启动时手动选择较旧的内核。 + +一位年长的 It's FOSS 读者遇到了这个问题。[Linux Mint][1] 中的新内核更新没有按预期工作。启动到较旧的内核“修复”了问题，但麻烦的是在每次启动时要去手动选择较旧的内核。 + +删除新内核而使用旧内核不是一个好主意，因为新内核将会在下一次系统更新时被安装使用。 + +因此，我建议设置成默认启动到较旧的 Linux 内核。怎么做？这就是我将在本教程中向你展示的内容。 + +### 启动至较旧的 Linux 内核 + +你可能不了解，你的 Linux 发行版会在你的系统上安装多个 Linux 内核。不信？使用以下命令 [列出 Ubuntu 中已安装的内核][2]： + +``` +apt list --installed | grep linux-image +``` + +当你升级系统时会获得一个新版本的内核，这时你的系统会自动选择启动至最新的可用内核。 + +在 [grub][3] 屏幕中，你可以 **转到高级选项Advanced option**（或较旧的 Linux 版本）： + +![ubuntu grub][4] + +在这里，你可以看到要启动的可用内核。选择较旧的（不带恢复选项recovery option）： + +![grub 高级选项][5] + +你不会注意到任何显示的差异。你的文件和应用程序保持不变。 + +现在你已经启动到旧内核，是时候让你的系统自动启动到它了。 + +### 使旧内核成为默认启动项 + +如果你乐于使用 Linux 终端和命令，你可以修改 /etc/default/grub 文件并在其中添加以下行： + +``` +GRUB_DEFAULT=saved +GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true +``` + +然后使用如下命令 [更新 grub][6]： + +``` +sudo update-grub +``` + +你在这里所做的是告诉你的系统将当前使用的启动项保存为将来运行 GRUB 的默认启动项。 + +然而，并不是每个人都善于使用命令行，因此我将专注于一个名为 [Grub Customizer][7] 的 GUI 工具。 + +#### 安装 Grub Customizer + +使用官方 PPA [在基于 Ubuntu 的发行版中安装 Grub Customizer][8]： + +``` +sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer +sudo apt update +sudo apt install grub-customizer +``` + +对于其他发行版，请使用你的包管理器来安装此工具。 + +#### 使用 Grub Customizer 更改默认启动项 + +当你运行 Grub Customizer 时，它会显示可用的启动项。 + +![ubuntu 的 grub customizer][9] + +在这里你有两个选择。 + +**选择一：** 选择所需的内核项并使用箭头（显示在顶部菜单上）将其向上移动。 + +![在 Ubuntu grub 将旧内核向上移动][10] + +**选择二：** 将先前的启动项previously booted entry设为默认启动项default entry。 + +![将当前启动项设为默认 Ubuntu 启动项][11] + +我建议使用第二个选择，因为即使有新的内核更新它也可以工作。 + +这样你就可以在 Ubuntu 或其他发行版中降级内核，甚至无需删除旧内核版本。 + +请注意，像 Ubuntu 这样的发行版大部分一次只保留两个内核版本。因此，最终你首选的旧内核将在新的内核版本释出时被删除。 + +这个巧妙的技巧曾助我脱困。当时我 [在 Ubuntu 中安装最新的 Linux 内核][12] ，由于某种原因它与我的音频系统有问题。 + +无论是什么原因，你现在都知道如何自动启动到旧内核。 + +如果有问题或建议，请在评论区留言。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.c择m/boot-older-kernel-default/ + +作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a] +选题：[lkxed][b] +译者：[hanszhao80](https://github.com/hanszhao80) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed +[1]: https://linuxmint.com/ +[2]: https://learnubuntu.com/list-installed-kernels/ +[3]: https://itsfoss.com/what-is-grub/ +[4]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/ubuntu-grub.jpg +[5]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Grub-Advanced-Options.jpg +[6]: https://itsfoss.com/update-grub/ +[7]: https://itsfoss.com/customize-grub-linux/ +[8]: https://itsfoss.com/install-grub-customizer-ubuntu/ +[9]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/grub-customizer-ubuntu.png +[10]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/move-older-kernel-up-the-order-ubntu-grub.png +[11]: https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/make-currently-booted-entry-as-default-ubuntu.png +[12]: https://itsfoss.com/upgrade-linux-kernel-ubuntu/