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20140609-1 选题
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DeadFire
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Linus Torvalds Releases Linux Kernel 3.15 Stable
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================================================================================
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**Linus Torvalds has just announced that the final version in the new Linux kernel 3.15 branch has been released and is now available for download.**
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Linux kernel 3.15 arrived a little early than anticipated, but it looks like the final build is on track and that Linus Torvalds managed to launch it with all the bells and whistles
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“So I ended up doing an rc8 because I was a bit worried about some last-minute dcache fixes, but it turns out that nobody seemed to even notice those. We did have other issues during the week, though, so it was just as well. The futex fixes and cleanups may stand out, but as usual there's various other random fixes since rc8 in there too: mainly drivers (drm, networking, sound, usb etc), networking, scheduling and perf tooling.”
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“But it's all been fairly small and quiet, which *may* of course be due to the fact that last week was also the first week of the merge window for 3.16. That might have distracted some developers. I'm not entirely convinced I liked the overlap, but it seemed to work ok, and unless people scream really loudly (‘Please don't _ever_ do that again’) and give good reasons for doing so, I might end up doing that overlapping merge window in the future too if it ends up helping out with some particular timing issue,” said Linus Torvalds in the official announcement.
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According to the changelog, Netgear AirCard 341U support has been added, additional Sierra Wireless QMI devices are now supported, support has been added for Novatel E371 PCIe card, page table updates have been implemented for Radeon, C0 tracking has been removed, beacon filtering has been disabled, inet_getid() and ipv6_select_ident() bugs have been fixed, corrupted path strings for long paths have been repaired, NovaTech OrionLXm product ID has been added, and mux settling delay has been added.
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Also, list/memory corruption on the CPU hotplug has been fixed, the missing support of 10mbit in emac/rgmii has been added, runtime dependencies have been set, support for iPad 2 and iPad 3 has been added, EFI_MIXED should not prohibit loading above 4G, a kernel panic caused by a non-linear skb has been fixed, locking checks are now skipped in the panicking path, and correct available vectors are now received for CPU_disable.
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A complete list of changes, improvements, and fixes can be found in the official [changelog][1].
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### Download Linux kernel 3.15: ###
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- [tar.xz (3.15)][2][sources] [76 MB]
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- [tar.xz (3.14.6)][3][sources] [74.80 MB]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Linus-Torvalds-Releases-Linux-Kernel-3-15-Stable-445785.shtml
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.mail-archive.com/linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org/msg659672.html
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[2]:https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.x/linux-3.15.tar.xz
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[3]:https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.x/linux-3.14.6.tar.xz
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OpenELEC 4.0.4 Now Out, Is Based on XBMC 13.1 “Gotham”
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================================================================================
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**OpenELEC 4.0.4, an embedded operating system built specifically to run XBMC, the open source entertainment media hub, is out and uses XBMC 13.1 as a base.**
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The OpenELEC makers are following the XBMC development cycle very closely and they have released a new version of their distribution, 4.0.4. It comes packed with all the goodies from XBMC 13.1 “Gotham” and the devs have made some changes of their own.
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“This release includes some bugfixes, security fixes and improvements since OpenELEC-4.0.3. Besides the usual bugfixes and package updates we updated XBMC with the last fixes to XBMC 13.1 (final) which contains a lot of fixes for issues found after the XBMC-13.0 release (some of them we already shipped with OpenELEC-4.0.0).”
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“We found and fixed with the help of ‘popcornmix’ some RaspberryPi related issues in kernel, firmware and XBMC code. Many thanks to him for the help! OpenELEC-4.0.4 is now the next stable release, which is a bugfix and securityfix release of the OpenELEC-4.0 series,” said the developers on the official website.
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OpenELEC 4.0.3 features some pretty interesting updates and fixes. For example, e2fsprogs has been updated to version 1.42.10, bluez has been updated to version 5.19, fontconfig is now at version 2.11.1, systemd 213 has been integrated by default, gnutls 3.2.12 has been added to fix some security problems, and a new Linux kernel, 3.14.5, has been implemented.
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Also, the DVB-T2 support for GeniaTech T220 / August T210 devices has been fixed, support has been added to disable WOL for broken drivers, “e1000e” has been added as broken driver, and the RPi support patch has been updated.
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If you already have an older version of OpenELEC, you might consider upgrading the system instead of installing it from scratch. This can be done safely if the OS is at least at version 3.2.
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If you try to update from an older version of the operating system you might find that some of the plugins and add-ons are no longer working. It's also advisable to back up the system before attempting an upgrade.
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XBMC 13.1 “Gotham,” the distribution used as a base, comes with Android hardware decoding, various Raspberry Pi and Android speed improvements, stereoscopic 3D Rendering, better touchscreen support, improved UPnP capabilities, lots of audio engine improvements, better subtitle searches, extended Python and JSON-RPC API for developers, FFmpeg 1.2, and much more.
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Check out the official [announcement][1] for a complete list of changes and improvements.
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### Download the latest OpenELEC 4.0.4: ###
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- [OpenELEC 4.0.4 (tar.bz2) 64-bit][2][binary] [145 MB]
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- [OpenELEC 4.0.4 (tar.bz2) 32-bit][3][binary] [142 MB]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/OpenELEC-4-0-4-Is-Out-and-Based-on-XBMC-13-1-quot-Gotham-quot-445802.shtml
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://openelec.tv/news/22-releases/129-openelec-4-0-4-released
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[2]:http://openelec.tv/get-openelec/download/viewdownload/8/339
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[3]:http://openelec.tv/get-openelec/download/viewdownload/8/338
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Has Microsoft really changed its attitude toward open source?
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================================================================================
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> **In today's open source roundup: Microsoft may or may not have a new attitude toward open source. Plus: Android versus Windows, and Cinnamon versus Unity in Ubuntu 14.04**
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Microsoft became infamous for its very negative early remarks about open source software. But restructuring at the company may be giving it a more positive attitude toward open source. CNet reports on changes in Microsoft's perceptions and behavior when it comes to open source software.
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> According to [CNet][1]:
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>
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> But Microsoft's feud with open source has been sputtering for quite some time, and the senior managers who led the anti-open source charge are gone from the scene -- or at least no longer in positions of authority. Open source is now routinely used by corporations around the world, and the company's sniffy put-downs only fed into the perception of Microsoft as out of touch.
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>
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> Some of that new thinking reflects the change at the top of the corporate pyramid, with Satya Nadella replacing Ballmer as CEO in early February. Since taking over, Nadella has talked up his vision of a Microsoft whose future isn't shackled to its Windows past.
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>
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> [More at CNet][2]
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>
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> 
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>
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> Microsoft and Communist Open Source
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> Image credit: [Curako's Blog][3]
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Okay, I hate to be a Negative Ned here, but I'm firmly in the "trust but verify" camp when it comes to Microsoft and open source. Yes, a new CEO and other changes may be helping Microsoft to adjust to living in an open source world. But change never comes easy or fast in such a large organization, so I think the jury is still out on whether or not Microsoft has really changed for the better when it comes to open source software.
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Also, I've never forgotten the company's "embrace, extend, extinguish" strategy that they used in the past to destroy competitive software products. That alone is reason enough to keep a wary eye on Microsoft's involvement with any open source project. Perhaps the company really has changed, but maybe it hasn't. I think it bears watching for at least another few years to see if enduring change has really set in or not.
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### Android versus Windows ###
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ZDNet has an article that covers the top end-user Linux distributions. It notes that Windows still rules the desktop for now, but Android may eventually be the big kahuna among end-user operating systems by the end of this year.
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> According to [ZDNet][4]:
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>
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> If smartphones and tablet sales continue to grow as expected, Android tablet vendors continue to erode Apple's market share, and PCs continue their decline, Android may end up being the top end-user operating system by the end of 2014—regardless of what happens with the proposed Android PCs.
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>
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> Taken as a whole, Android clearly rules the Linux end-user space. No, you may not think of it as a desktop yet —although AMD and Intel would both like you to change your mind about that — but Android is on its way to being the top end-user operating system of all.
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>
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> [More at ZDNet][4]
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>
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> 
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> Image credit: [ZDNet][4]
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The numbers mentioned in the article aren't really a surprise, given the mobile revolution that's happened over the last ten years. The desktop just isn't as important as it used to be, and Microsoft just never really mattered in mobile devices. Even now, as they struggle desperately for traction in tablets and phones, Microsoft is still mostly irrelevant in the mobile devices market.
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Google has wreaked absolute havoc on Microsoft's efforts in mobile and is now beginning to be a threat to Microsoft in the desktop market. Between Chrome OS and Android, Google has been battering Microsoft on a number of fronts. If you look at Amazon's list of [top selling desktops][5] and [top selling laptops][6], you see plenty of Chrome OS computers and even some Android PCs. So people are actually buying alternatives to Windows computers and aren't bothered in the least by it.
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### Cinnamon versus Unity in Ubuntu 14.04 ###
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Tech Republic takes a look at whether or not Cinnamon is a viable replacement for Unity in Ubuntu 14.04. The article includes instructions on how to install Cinnamon in Ubuntu 14.04.
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> According to [Tech Republic][7]:
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>
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> If you want a performance-centric desktop that doesn't toss aside feature and customization, Cinnamon is for you. Cinnamon is a straight-forward desktop interface that pretty much anyone can use -- from your IT staff to your grandmother. It really is that easy to use. Cinnamon doesn't surprise you, it doesn't trick you, but it also (in my opinion) doesn't wow you. But that's not what Cinnamon is about. This take on the desktop is all about functionality -- on a standard level. It doesn't break rules, push envelopes, or have new tricks up its sleeve.
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>
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> Cinnamon is a fairly pedestrian desktop that takes the bits and pieces of what's worked well over the years and cobbles them together into one, well-designed piece. So, if you're okay with using a desktop that looks and feels a bit long in the tooth (but one that functions very, very well), Cinnamon is for you. If you lean towards the bleeding edge of design and prefer a more modern look and feel, Cinnamon will most likely disappoint.
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>
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> [More at Tech Republic][7]
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>
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> 
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>
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> Image credit: [Tech Republic][7]
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I'll have to weigh in on the side of Cinnamon here. While Unity has its pluses, I have never really been able to warm up to it. Cinnamon is closer to a more traditional desktop interface and that seems to work the best for me.
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But as always, beauty is in the eye of the beholder. The great thing about Linux is that it offers so many different choices. So you really can't go wrong with Unity or Cinnamon, just use whichever one you like best.
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What's your take on all this? Tell me in the comments below.
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The opinions expressed by the author do not necessarily reflect the views of ITworld.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.itworld.com/open-source/421894/has-microsoft-really-changed-its-attitude-toward-open-source
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.cnet.com/news/dead-and-buried-microsofts-holy-war-on-open-source-software/
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[2]:http://www.cnet.com/news/dead-and-buried-microsofts-holy-war-on-open-source-software/
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[3]:http://curako.wordpress.com/2010/12/06/the-uneasy-alliance-free-software-vs-open-source/
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[4]:http://www.zdnet.com/the-five-most-popular-end-user-linux-distributions-7000030058/http://www.zdnet.com/the-five-most-popular-end-user-linux-distributions-7000030058/
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[5]:http://www.amazon.com/Best-Sellers-Electronics-Desktop-Computers/zgbs/electronics/565098/?_encoding=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&linkCode=ur2&tag=fnh-20&linkId=REWXUPB7SQXPDSOL
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[6]:http://www.amazon.com/Best-Sellers-Computers-Accessories-Laptop/zgbs/pc/565108/?_encoding=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&linkCode=ur2&tag=fnh-20&linkId=POG3J2CFBHDWBAVL
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[7]:http://www.techrepublic.com/article/is-cinnamon-a-worthy-replacement-for-ubuntu-unity/
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33
sources/talk/20140609 Open Source LDAP Solutions.md
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Open Source LDAP Solutions
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================================================================================
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LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) is an application protocol for accessing directory services. It runs on a layer above the TCP/IP stack incorporating simplified encoding methods, and offers a convenient way to connect to, search, and modify Internet directories, specifically X.500-based directory services. It is an open, vendor-neutral, industry standard application protocol. LDAP utilizes a client-server model.
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This protocol is specifically targeted at management applications and browser applications that provide read/write interactive access to directories.
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The main benefit of using an LDAP server is that information for an entire organization can be consolidated into a central repository. LDAP supports Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS), so that sensitive data can be protected. LDAP servers are used for a variety of tasks including, but not limited to, user authentication, machine authentication, user/system groups, asset tracking, organization representation, and application configuration stores.
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To provide an insight into the quality of open source software that is available, we have compiled a list of 5 high quality LDAP solutions.
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Now, let's explore the 5 LDAP solutions at hand. For each title we have compiled its own portal page, a full description with an in-depth analysis of its features, together with links to relevant resources and reviews.
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### LDAP Solutions ###
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- [389 Directory Server][] - Enterprise-class Open Source LDAP server
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- [OpenDJ][2] - Cloud Directory for the API Economy
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- [OpenLDAP][3] - LDAP suite of applications and development tools
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- [freeIPA][4] - Identity/Policy Management
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- [ApacheDS][5] - LDAP and Kerberos server written in Java
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.linuxlinks.com/article/20140607022012848/LDAPSolutions.html
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
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|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://port389.org/
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[2]:http://opendj.forgerock.org/
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[3]:http://www.openldap.org/
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[4]:http://www.freeipa.org/
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[5]:http://directory.apache.org/apacheds/
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Out in the Open: The Little-Known Open Source OS That Rules the Internet of Things
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================================================================================
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Image: Adnk/[Wikipedia][1]
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You can connect almost anything to a computer network. Light bulbs. Thermostats. Coffee makers. Even badgers. Yes, badgers.
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Badgers spend a lot of time underground, which make it difficult for biologists and zoologists to track their whereabouts and activities. GPS, for example, doesn’t work well underground or in enclosed areas. But about five years ago, University of Oxford researchers Andrew Markham and Niki Trigoni [solved that problem][2] by inventing a wireless tracking system that can work underground. Their system is clever, but they didn’t do it alone. Like many other scientists, they turned to open source to avoid having to rebuild fundamental components from scratch. One building block they used is an open source operating system called [Contiki][3].
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“Contiki was a real enabler as it allowed us to do rapid prototyping and easily shift between different hardware platforms,” says Markham, now an associate professor at the University of Oxford.
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Contiki isn’t nearly so well-known as Windows or OS X or even Linux, but for more than a decade, it has been the go-to operating system for hackers, academics, and companies building network-connected devices like sensors, trackers, and web-based automation systems. Developers love it because it’s lightweight, it’s free, and it’s mature. It provides a foundation for developers and entrepreneurs eager to bring us all the internet-connected gadgets the internet of things promises, without having to develop the underlying operating system those gadgets will need.
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Perhaps the biggest thing Contiki has going for it is that it’s small. Really small. While Linux requires one megabyte of RAM, Contiki needs just a few kilobytes to run. Its inventor, Adam Dunkels, has managed to fit an entire operating system, including a graphical user interface, networking software, and a web browser into less than 30 kilobytes of space. That makes it much easier to run on small, low powered chips–exactly the sort of things used for connected devices–but it’s also been ported to many older systems like the Apple IIe and the Commodore 64.
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Adam Dunkels. Photo: Sara Arnald
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Contiki will soon face competition from the likes of Microsoft, which recently [announced Windows for the Internet of Things][4]. But while Microsoft’s new operating system will be free for devices less than 9 inches in size, it won’t be open source. And Contiki has an 11-year head start.
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Contiki started in 2003, but its roots stretch to Dunkels’ days as a computer science student at Mälardalen University in Sweden. In 2000, he was working on a project to use wireless sensors to track hockey players’ vital signs and display them on a screen the crowd could see. “We convinced them to have this thing up their nose so we could measure their breathing rates,” Dunkels recalls.
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To make the sensors work correctly, Dunkels had to write software would enable them to interact with a computer network. He called the resulting code [LwIP][5], for “light weight internet protocol.” Although LwIP is still used in many microcontrollers and other products today, Dunkels decided it wasn’t quite lightweight enough. In 2003, he created microIP, which evolved into Contiki. The OS was an immediate hit with researchers and hobbyists, and has in recent years attracted commercial users including [Rad-DX][6] radiation detection devices and [Zolertia][7] noise monitoring system.
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While Nest, the web connected thermostat company [Google acquired for $3.2 billion][8] in January, has come to define the Internet of Things, Dunkels notes that many companies have been using network-connected devices for years in applications including industrial and building automation. “With something like CES you see all the consumer stuff, but there are just so many different aspects of this,” Dunkel says.
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But consumer technology companies are beginning to embrace Contiki as well. The [LiFX][9] “smart light bulb” is using the operating system, for example, as is the Nest competitor [Tado][10].
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To help support the burgeoning commercial usage of Contiki, Dunkels left his job as a professor at the Swedish Institute of Computer Science and founded [Thingsquare][11], a startup focused on providing a cloud-based back-end for Contiki devices. The idea is to make it easy for developers to connect their hardware devices with smartphones and the web. Thingsquare manages the servers, and provides all the software necessary to manage a device over the web.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.wired.com/2014/06/contiki/
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Contiki-ipv6-rpl-cooja-simulation.png
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[2]:http://www.cs.ox.ac.uk/projects/WILDSENSING/
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[3]:http://www.contiki-os.org/
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[4]:http://www.wired.com/2014/04/free-windows/
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[5]:https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/lwip/
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[6]:http://www.dtectsystems.com/rad-DX_page.html
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[7]:http://zolertia.com/home
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[8]:http://www.wired.com/2014/01/googles-3-billion-nest-buy-finally-make-internet-things-real-us/
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[9]:http://lifx.co/
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[10]:http://www.tado.com/de-en/
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[11]:http://www.thingsquare.com/
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How To Know If Your System Has USB 3.0 Port In Linux [Quick Tip]
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================================================================================
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Most of the new computers come with USB 3.0 ports these days. But **how can you know if your computer has USB 3.0 port** or not? In this quick tip, we shall see how to find if your system has USB 3 or USB 2 in Linux.
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### Check if you have USB 3.0 in Linux terminal ###
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Open a terminal and use the following command:
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lsusb
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This command displays information about USB buses in your system. Check the result, if you have something like “3.0 root hub”, it means your system has USB 3.0. For example, for my new notebook, it shows:
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The quick tip will work on all Linux systems such as Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Fedora etc. Now when you know that you have USB 3.0 port, **how can you identify which port is USB 3.0 and which is USB 2**.
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### Identify which port is USB 3.0 ###
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Usually USB 3.0 ports are tagged as SS (abbreviation for Super Speed). If your system manufacturer has not tagged it as SS or USB 3, you can check the interior of the port which should normally be of blue color.
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I hope this quick post helped you to find if your system has USB 3.0 or not and then to identify the USB 3.0 port.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://itsfoss.com/find-usb-3-port-linux/
|
||||
|
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
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|
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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Block a user