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[Translated]20150518 Linux FAQs with Answers--What is the Apache error log location on Linux.md
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Translating by GOLinux!
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Linux FAQs with Answers--What is the Apache error log location on Linux
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================================================================================
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> **Question**: I am trying to troubleshoot Apache web server errors on my Linux system. Where is the Apache error log file located on [insert your Linux distro]?
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Error log and access log files are a useful piece of information for system admins, for example to troubleshoot their web server, [protect][1] it from various malicious activities, or just to run [various][2] [analytics][3] for HTTP server monitoring. Depending on your web server setup, its error/access logs may be found in different places on your system.
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This post may help you **find Apache error log location on Linux**.
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### Apache Error Log Location on Debian, Ubuntu or Linux Mint ###
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#### Default Error Log ####
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On Debian-based Linux, the system-wide default location of Apache error log is **/var/log/apache2/error.log**. The default location can be customized by editing Apache configuration file.
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#### Custom Error Log ####
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To find a custom error log location, open /etc/apache2/apache2.conf with a text editor, and look for a line that starts with ErrorLog. This line specifies a custom location of Apache error log file. For example, the unmodified Apache configuration file has the following line:
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ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
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In this case, the location is configured using APACHE_LOG_DIR environment variable, which is defined in /etc/apache2/envvars.
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export APACHE_LOG_DIR=/var/log/apache2$SUFFIX
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In reality, ErrorLog may point to any arbitrary path on your Linux system.
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#### Custom Error Log with VirtualHost ####
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If VirtualHost is used in Apache web server, ErrorLog directive can be specified within VirtualHost container, in which case the system-wide error log location described above will be ignored.
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With VirtualHost enabled, each VirtualHost can define its own custom error log location. To find out the error log location of a particular VirtualHost, you can open /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/<your-site>.conf, and look for ErrorLog directive, which will show a site-specific error log file.
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### Apache Error Log Location on CentOS, Fedora or RHEL ###
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#### Default Error Log ####
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On Red Hat based Linux, a system-wide Apache error log file is by default placed in **/var/log/httpd/error_log**. This default location can be customized by editing Apache configuration file.
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#### Custom Error Log ####
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To find out the custom location of Apache error log, open /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf with a text editor, and look for ServerRoot, which shows the top of the Apache server directory tree, under which log files and configurations are located. For example:
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ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
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Now look for a line that starts with ErrorLog, which indicates where Apache web server is writing its error logs. Note that the specified location is relative to the ServerRoot value. For example:
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ErrorLog "log/error_log"
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Combine the above two directives to obtain the full path of an error log, which is by default /etc/httpd/logs/error_log. This is a symlink to /var/log/httpd/error_log with freshly installed Apache.
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In reality, ErrorLog may point to any arbitrary location on your Linux system.
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#### Custom Error Log with VirtualHost ####
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If you enabled VirtualHost, you can find the error log location of individual VirtualHosts by checking /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf (or any file where VirtualHost is defined). Look for ErrorLog inside individual VirtualHost sections. For example, in the following VirtualHost section, an error log is found in /var/www/xmodulo.com/logs/error_log.
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<VirtualHost *:80>
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ServerAdmin webmaster@xmodulo.com
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DocumentRoot /var/www/xmodulo.com/public_html
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ServerName www.xmodulo.com
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ServerAlias xmodulo.com
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ErrorLog /var/www/xmodulo.com/logs/error_log
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CustomLog /var/www/xmodulo.com/logs/access_log
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<VirtualHost>
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/apache-error-log-location-linux.html
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作者：[Dan Nanni][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/author/nanni
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[1]:http://xmodulo.com/configure-fail2ban-apache-http-server.html
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[2]:http://xmodulo.com/interactive-apache-web-server-log-analyzer-linux.html
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[3]:http://xmodulo.com/sql-queries-apache-log-files-linux.html
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Linux有问必答——Linux上Apache错误日志的位置在哪里？
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================================================================================
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> **问题**： 我尝试着解决我 Linux 系统上的 Apache 网络服务器的错误，Apache的错误日志文件放在[你的 Linux 版本]的哪个位置呢？
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错误日志和访问日志文件为系统管理员提供了有用的信息，比如，为网络服务器排障，[保护][1]系统不受各种各样的恶意活动侵犯，或者只是进行[各种各样的][2][分析][3]以监控 HTTP 服务器。根据你网络服务器配置的不同，其错误/访问日志可能放在你系统中不同位置。
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本文可以帮助你**找到Linux上的Apache错误日志**。
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### Debian，Ubuntu或Linux Mint上的Apache错误日志位置 ###
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#### 默认的错误日志 ####
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在基于Debian的Linux上，系统范围的Apache错误日志默认位置是**/var/log/apache2/error.log**。默认位置可以通过编辑Apache的配置文件进行修改。
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#### 自定义的错误日志 ####
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要找到自定义的错误日志位置，请用文本编辑器打开 /etc/apache2/apache2.conf，然后查找以 ErrorLog 开头的行，该行指定了自定义的 Apache 错误日志文件的位置。例如，在未经修改的 Apache 配置文件中可以找到以下行：
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ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
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在本例中，该位置使用 APACHE_LOG_DIR 环境变量进行配置，该变量在 /etc/apache2/envvars 中已被定义。
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export APACHE_LOG_DIR=/var/log/apache2$SUFFIX
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在实际情况中， ErrorLog 可能会指向你 Linux 系统中任意路径。
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#### 使用虚拟主机自定义的错误日志 ####
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如果在 Apache 网络服务器中使用了虚拟主机， ErrorLog 指令可能会在虚拟主机容器内指定，在这种情况下，上面所说的系统范围的错误日志位置将被忽略。
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启用了虚拟主机后，各个虚拟主机可以定义其自身的自定义错误日志位置。要找出某个特定虚拟主机的错误日志位置，你可以打开 /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/<your-site>.conf，然后查找 ErrorLog 指令，该指令会显示站点指定的错误日志文件。
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### CentOS，Fedora或RHEL上的Apache错误日志位置 ###
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#### 默认的错误日志 ####
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在基于 Red Hat 的Linux中，系统范围的 Apache 错误日志文件默认被放置在**/var/log/httpd/error_log**。该默认位置可以通过修改 Apache 配置文件进行自定义。
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#### 自定义的错误日志 ####
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要找出 Apache 错误日志的自定义位置，请用文本编辑器打开 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf，然后查找 ServerRoot，该参数显示了 Apache 服务器目录树的顶层，日志文件和配置都位于该目录树中。例如：
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ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
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现在，查找 ErrorLog 开头的行，该行指出了 Apache 网络服务器将错误日志写到了哪里去。注意，指定的位置是 ServerRoot 值的相对位置。例如：
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ErrorLog "log/error_log"
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结合上面的两个指令，可以获得完整的错误日志路径，默认情况下该路径就是 /etc/httpd/logs/error_log。在全新安装的Apache中，这是一个到 /var/log/httpd/error_log 的符号链接。
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在实际情况中， ErrorLog 可能指向你 Linux 系统中的任意位置。
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#### 使用虚拟主机自定义的错误日志 ####
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如果你启用了虚拟主机，你可以通过检查 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf（或其它任何定义了虚拟主机的文件）来找到各个虚拟主机的错误日志位置。在独立的虚拟主机部分查找 ErrorLog。如，在下面的虚拟主机部分，错误日志的位置是 /var/www/xmodulo.com/logs/error_log。
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<VirtualHost *:80>
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ServerAdmin webmaster@xmodulo.com
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DocumentRoot /var/www/xmodulo.com/public_html
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ServerName www.xmodulo.com
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ServerAlias xmodulo.com
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ErrorLog /var/www/xmodulo.com/logs/error_log
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CustomLog /var/www/xmodulo.com/logs/access_log
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<VirtualHost>
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/apache-error-log-location-linux.html
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作者：[Dan Nanni][a]
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译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/author/nanni
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[1]:http://xmodulo.com/configure-fail2ban-apache-http-server.html
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[2]:http://xmodulo.com/interactive-apache-web-server-log-analyzer-linux.html
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[3]:http://xmodulo.com/sql-queries-apache-log-files-linux.html
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