From 2b2288bd921d56fb9f569a9c44b3e657e72ae684 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DarkSun Date: Wed, 24 Jan 2024 05:02:41 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E9=80=89=E9=A2=98[tech]:=2020240123=20scp=20Co?= =?UTF-8?q?mmand=20Examples?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit sources/tech/20240123 scp Command Examples.md --- sources/tech/20240123 scp Command Examples.md | 303 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 303 insertions(+) create mode 100644 sources/tech/20240123 scp Command Examples.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20240123 scp Command Examples.md b/sources/tech/20240123 scp Command Examples.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9d720756b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20240123 scp Command Examples.md @@ -0,0 +1,303 @@ +[#]: subject: "scp Command Examples" +[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/scp-command/" +[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/" +[#]: collector: "lujun9972/lctt-scripts-1705972010" +[#]: translator: " " +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +scp Command Examples +====== + +**SCP** reads for Secure Copy Protocol, which uses SSH to securely copy files over the network. Personally, I found this command quite helpful as I constantly play around with multiple VMs for testing. + +But the question is: How do you use this command? Well, you start with the correct syntax and some examples. To learn more, you practice, right? + +Fret not, I will be sharing everything you need to get started and get better with the **scp command** in Linux. + +### Here's how to use the scp Command in Linux + +Let us get started with the syntax, so here's the format for the scp command: + +``` + + scp [options] [user@]sourceIP:path/to/file [user@]destinationIP:path/to/destination + +``` + +📋 + +You can skip adding the username and IP address if you are copying files to or from the local machine and directly use the path instead. + +The syntax looks a bit complex. Right? Don't worry, I'll break it down for easy understanding. + +Here, + + * `[options]`: it is used to tweak the default behavior of the scp command, such as using the `-r` option to copy files recursively. + * `[user@]sourceIP:path/to/file`: here, you specify the source IP address of the machine on which the file is located and mention the path of the file. For example, if I want to copy the `simple.txt` file from `198.168.1.1` IP, then I will use this: `[email protected]:path/to/simple.txt`. + * `[user@]destinationIP:path/to/destination`: here, you specify the username and IP address along with the path where the file needs to be copied. For example, if I wish to copy the file to the `192.168.1.5` IP at `/home/files` location, then, here's what I type: `[email protected]:/home/files`. + + + +Now that we know the basics, let us take a look at widely used options of the scp command: + +Option | Description +---|--- +`-P ` | Specify the port to connect to the remote host. +`-p` | Preserve modification time, and file mode bits of the original file. +`-q` | Enable quiet mode to suppress any errors or warning messages. +`-C` | Force SSH to compress the data being sent to the destination. +`-r` | Copy files recursively. + +**Hold on ✋** + +Before we jump to the examples of using scp command in Linux, here are 3 things to keep in mind: + + 1. **Both the remote and local machine should have SSH installed, if not, here's** [**how you can install SSH on Ubuntu and other Debian-based distros.**][1] + 2. **Make sure you know the password of the remote machine and that the firewall (if enabled) is configured to** [**allow SSH connections.**][2] + 3. **You need to** [**know the IP address**][3] **or hostname of the remote machine.** + + + +💡 + +Whenever you try to send files to the remote server, it will ask you to enter the password. To skip this step, you can [enable password-less SSH logins using the ssh-copy-id command.][4] + +Considering you know the essentials, I will now walk you through 10 practical ways you can use the scp command in Linux, ranging from basic to advanced examples. + +So let's start with sending files from local to a remote machine. + +#### 1\. Send a file from local to a remote machine + +To send a file from your local machine to the remote machine, you can use the scp command in the following manner: + +``` + + scp /path/to/file [user@]destinationIP:path/to/destination + +``` + +Yes, if you are sending files to a remote machine, then, you don't have to specify the source username and IP address. + +For example, here, I've sent the `Sample.txt` file to my remote machine inside of the `~/Documents` directory: + +``` + + scp Sample.txt [email protected]:~/Documents/ + +``` + +![][5] + +#### 2\. Send a file from the remote machine to the local computer + +To send a file from the remote machine to your local computer, you can use the scp command in the following manner: + +``` + + scp [user@]sourceIP:path/to/file /location/in/local/computer + +``` + +For example, here, I copied `Sample.txt` file from the remote machine to the local computer inside my home directory: + +``` + + scp [email protected]:~/Sample.txt ~/ + +``` + +![][6] + +#### 3\. Send files between two remote machines + +If you want to send files between two remote machines, then, you'd have to specify the username and IP address of both machines as shown: + +``` + + scp [user@]sourceIP:path/to/file [user@]destinationIP:path/to/destination + +``` + +For example, here's how I've sent `myfiles.txt` from one to another remote machine using the scp command: + +``` + + scp [email protected]:~/myfiles.txt [email protected]:~/Documents/ + +``` + +![][7] + +Unlike the previous examples, when you send files between two remote hosts, it won't show you any output after sending the file, so you will have to check it manually. + +This is the reason, in the above snapshot, I logged into the VM (on the right window) and captured the result before and after executing the scp command to show you the difference. + +#### 4\. Specify the SSH port (if you use a different SSH port) + +By default, SSH uses port number **22**. But if you configured the remote host to use SSH on a different port, then you can use the `-P` flag to specify the port: + +``` + + scp -P /path/to/local/file [user@]destinationIP:path/to/destination + +``` + +Let's say my remote host is configured to use port 2222, so, I'll be using the following command to send a file from my local machine to the remote host: + +``` + + scp -P 2222 ~/Sample.txt [email protected]:~/ + +``` + +![][8] + +#### 5\. Preserve modification time using scp + +By default, when you send a file through scp, it will change the time (modification time) with the time when the file was received, so you lose those important details. + +But the good news is you can preserve those timestamps using the `-p` (note: lower case p) flag as shown here: + +``` + + scp -p [user@]sourceIP:path/to/file [user@]destinationIP:path/to/destination + +``` + +For example, here, I sent a file from a local to the remote machine with the `-p` flag to preserve timestamps: + +``` + + scp -p ~/Sample.txt [email protected]:~/ + +``` + +![][9] + +Here's the difference between sending files with and without the `-p` flag: + +![Click to expand the image][10] + +#### 6\. Send file quietly (suppress output messages) + +If you want to ignore output, error, and warning messages while sending files using the scp command, then you can use the `-q` flag as shown here: + +``` + + scp [options] [user@]sourceIP:path/to/file [user@]destinationIP:path/to/destination + +``` + +For demonstration, here, I have used the `-q` flag while sending files from local to remote machine: + +``` + + scp -q ~/Sample.txt [email protected]:~/ + +``` + +![][11] + +#### 7\. Compress files for faster transfer + +No, it will not create a compressed archive of your file. The compression will be valid for the sake of transferring the file. Once done, it will look and behave the same as the selected file. + +To compress the file with the scp command, you will have to use the `-C` flag as shown here: + +``` + + scp [options] [user@]sourceIP:path/to/file [user@]destinationIP:path/to/destination + +``` + +For example, here, I have sent a video file which is 3.4 gigs in size, it took me around one and a half minutes to transfer: + +``` + + scp -C ~/Movie.mkv [email protected]:~/ + +``` + +![][12] + +#### 8\. Send an entire directory + +On Linux, you call it sending files recursively, but in layman's terms, you can also call it sending an entire directory. + +To send files recursively, you use the `-r` flag as shown here: + +``` + + scp -r [user@]sourceIP:path/to/directory [user@]destinationIP:path/to/destination + +``` + +For example, here, I want to send the `scp` directory, so here's how I used the `-r` flag to send all the files recursively: + +``` + + scp -r ~/scp/ [email protected]:~/ + +``` + +![][13] + +### Practice questions 📓 + +Here are some practice questions that you can refer to get better at using the scp command: + + 1. **How would you send all files ending with the`.txt` file to the remote server?** + 2. **Suppose your remote server is configured to listen to SSH on port number 2345, so how would you send files to it?** + 3. **How do you copy an entire directory using the scp command?** + 4. **How do you compress a long file for efficient transfer?** + 5. **How do you send files between two remote servers while keeping the modification time intact?** + + + +If you find difficulty solving the above questions, you can reach out to us through comments, or you can also [visit our community forum.][14] + +### More ways to send files over SSH + +If you want more options but with the assured security of SSH, refer to our detailed guide explaining [4 ways to send files over SSH:][15] + +![][16] + +Additionally, you can explore other [ways to transfer files][17] between different platforms: + +![][18] + +_💬 What is your preferred way of transferring files across systems? Do you find a command like scp handy for your use-case? Let me know your thoughts in the comments below._ + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.com/scp-command/ + +作者：[Sagar Sharma][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://linuxhandbook.com/enable-ssh-ubuntu/ +[2]: https://learnubuntu.com/allow-port-firewall/ +[3]: https://itsfoss.com/check-ip-address-ubuntu/ +[4]: https://learnubuntu.com/ssh-copy-id/ +[5]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2024/01/Send-files-from-your-local-computer-to-remote-system-using-the-scp-command-in-Linux.png +[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2024/01/Send-files-from-remote-computer-to-local-system-using-the-scp-coommand-in-Linux.png +[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2024/01/Send-files-between-two-remote-machines-using-the-scp-command-in-Linux.png +[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2024/01/Use--P-flag-to-specify-the-port-number-to-send-files-using-the-scp-command.png +[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2024/01/Preserve-timestamps-while-sending-files-through-scp-command-in-Linux.png +[10]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2024/01/effect-of-using-the--p-flag-to-preserve-the-modification-time-when-sending-files-using-the-scp-command.png +[11]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2024/01/send-files-quitely-using-the-scp-command.png +[12]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2024/01/Compress-file-while-sending-it-through-the-scp-command-for-instant-sharing.png +[13]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2024/01/send-files-recursively-using-the-scp-command-in-linux.png +[14]: https://itsfoss.community/ +[15]: https://linuxhandbook.com/transfer-files-ssh/ +[16]: https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2021/08/Linux-Handbook-New-Logo.png +[17]: https://itsfoss.com/share-files-linux-windows-mac/ +[18]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2022/12/android-chrome-192x192.png