mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2025-01-25 23:11:02 +08:00
[Translated]20160629 Backup with these DeDuplicating Encryption Tools.md
This commit is contained in:
Chang Liu
parent
925781d99a
commit
e358ecb179
@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
|
||||
FSSlc Translating
|
||||
|
||||
Backup with these DeDuplicating Encryption Tools
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
Data is growing both in volume and value. It is becoming increasingly important to be able to back up and restore this information quickly and reliably. As society has adapted to technology and learned how to depend on computers and mobile devices, there are few that can deal with the reality of losing important data. Of firms that suffer the loss of data, 30% fold within a year, 70% cease trading within five years. This highlights the value of data.
|
||||
|
||||
With data growing in volume, improving storage utilization is pretty important. In computing, data deduplication is a specialized data compression technique for eliminating duplicate copies of repeating data. This technique therefore improves storage utilization.
|
||||
|
||||
Data is not only of interest to its creator. Governments, competitors, criminals, snoopers may be very keen to access your data. They might want to steal your data, extort money from you, or see what you are up to. Enryption is essential to protect your data.
|
||||
|
||||
So the solution is a deduplicating encrypting backup software.
|
||||
|
||||
Making file backups is an essential activity for all users, yet many users do not take adequate steps to protect their data. Whether a computer is being used in a corporate environment, or for private use, the machine's hard disk may fail without any warning signs. Alternatively, some data loss occurs as a result of human error. Without regular backups being made, data will inevitably be lost even if the services of a specialist recovery organisation are used.
|
||||
|
||||
This article provides a quick roundup of 6 deduplicating encryption backup tools.
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### Attic ###
|
||||
|
||||
Attic is a deduplicating, encrypted, authenticated and compressed backup program written in Python. The main goal of Attic is to provide an efficient and secure way to backup data. The data deduplication technique used makes Attic suitable for daily backups since only the changes are stored.
|
||||
|
||||
Features include:
|
||||
|
||||
- Easy to use
|
||||
- Space efficient storage variable block size deduplication is used to reduce the number of bytes stored by detecting redundant data
|
||||
- Optional data encryption using 256-bit AES encryption. Data integrity and authenticity is verified using HMAC-SHA256
|
||||
- Off-site backups with SDSH
|
||||
- Backups mountable as filesystems
|
||||
|
||||
Website: [attic-backup.org][1]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### Borg ###
|
||||
|
||||
Borg is a fork of Attic. It is a secure open source backup program designed for efficient data storage where only new or modified data is stored.
|
||||
|
||||
The main goal of Borg is to provide an efficient and secure way to backup data. The data deduplication technique used makes Borg suitable for daily backups since only the changes are stored. The authenticated encryption makes it suitable for backups to not fully trusted targets.
|
||||
|
||||
Borg is written in Python. Borg was created in May 2015 in response to the difficulty of getting new code or larger changes incorporated into Attic.
|
||||
|
||||
Features include:
|
||||
|
||||
- Easy to use
|
||||
- Space efficient storage variable block size deduplication is used to reduce the number of bytes stored by detecting redundant data
|
||||
- Optional data encryption using 256-bit AES encryption. Data integrity and authenticity is verified using HMAC-SHA256
|
||||
- Off-site backups with SDSH
|
||||
- Backups mountable as filesystems
|
||||
|
||||
Borg is not compatible with Attic.
|
||||
|
||||
Website: [borgbackup.github.io/borgbackup][2]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### Obnam ###
|
||||
|
||||
Obnam (OBligatory NAMe) is an easy to use, secure Python based backup program. Backups can be stored on local hard disks, or online via the SSH SFTP protocol. The backup server, if used, does not require any special software, on top of SSH.
|
||||
|
||||
Obnam performs de-duplication by splitting up file data into chunks, and storing those individually. Generations are incremental backups; Every backup generation looks like a fresh snapshot, but is really incremental. Obnam is developed by Lars Wirzenius.
|
||||
|
||||
Features include:
|
||||
|
||||
- Easy to use
|
||||
- Snapshot backups
|
||||
- Data de-duplication, across files, and backup generations
|
||||
- Encrypted backups, using GnuPG
|
||||
- Backup multiple clients to a single repository
|
||||
- Backup checkpoints (creates a "save" every 100MBs or so)
|
||||
- Number of options for performance tuning including lru-size and/or upload-queue-size
|
||||
- MD5 checksum algorithm for recognising duplicate data chunks
|
||||
- Store backups to a server via SFTP
|
||||
- Supports both push (i.e. Run on the client) and pull (i.e. Run on the server) methods
|
||||
|
||||
Website: [obnam.org][3]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### Duplicity ###
|
||||
|
||||
Duplicity incrementally backs up files and directory by encrypting tar-format volumes with GnuPG and uploading them to a remote (or local) file server. To transmit data it can use ssh/scp, local file access, rsync, ftp, and Amazon S3.
|
||||
|
||||
Because duplicity uses librsync, the incremental archives are space efficient and only record the parts of files that have changed since the last backup. As the software uses GnuPG to encrypt and/or sign these archives, they will be safe from spying and/or modification by the server.
|
||||
|
||||
Currently duplicity supports deleted files, full unix permissions, directories, symbolic links, fifos, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
The duplicity package also includes the rdiffdir utility. Rdiffdir is an extension of librsync's rdiff to directories; it can be used to produce signatures and deltas of directories as well as regular files.
|
||||
|
||||
Features include:
|
||||
|
||||
- Simple to use
|
||||
- Encrypted and signed archives (using GnuPG)
|
||||
- Bandwidth and space efficient, using the rsync algorithm
|
||||
- Standard file format
|
||||
- Choice of remote protocol
|
||||
- Local storage
|
||||
- scp/ssh
|
||||
- ftp
|
||||
- rsync
|
||||
- HSI
|
||||
- WebDAV
|
||||
- Amazon S3
|
||||
|
||||
Website: [duplicity.nongnu.org][4]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### ZBackup ###
|
||||
|
||||
ZBackup is a versatile globally-deduplicating backup tool.
|
||||
|
||||
Features include:
|
||||
|
||||
- Parallel LZMA or LZO compression of the stored data. You can mix LZMA and LZO in a repository
|
||||
- Built-in AES encryption of the stored data
|
||||
- Possibility to delete old backup data
|
||||
- Use of a 64-bit rolling hash, keeping the amount of soft collisions to zero
|
||||
- Repository consists of immutable files. No existing files are ever modified
|
||||
- Written in C++ only with only modest library dependencies
|
||||
- Safe to use in production
|
||||
- Possibility to exchange data between repos without recompression
|
||||
- Uses a 64-bit modified Rabin-Karp rolling hash
|
||||
|
||||
Website: [zbackup.org][5]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### bup ###
|
||||
|
||||
bup is a program written in Python that backs things up. It's short for "backup". It provides an efficient way to backup a system based on the git packfile format, providing fast incremental saves and global deduplication (among and within files, including virtual machine images).
|
||||
|
||||
bup is released under the LGPL version 2 license.
|
||||
|
||||
Features include:
|
||||
|
||||
- Global deduplication (among and within files, including virtual machine images)
|
||||
- Uses a rolling checksum algorithm (similar to rsync) to split large files into chunks
|
||||
- Uses the packfile format from git
|
||||
- Writes packfiles directly offering fast incremental saves
|
||||
- Can use "par2" redundancy to recover corrupted backups
|
||||
- Mount your bup repository as a FUSE filesystem
|
||||
|
||||
Website: [bup.github.io][6]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.linuxlinks.com/article/20150628060000607/BackupTools.html
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:https://attic-backup.org/
|
||||
[2]:https://borgbackup.github.io/borgbackup/
|
||||
[3]:http://obnam.org/
|
||||
[4]:http://duplicity.nongnu.org/
|
||||
[5]:http://zbackup.org/
|
||||
[6]:https://bup.github.io/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
|
||||
使用去重加密工具来备份
|
||||
================================================================================
|
||||
在体积和价值方面，数据都在增长。快速而可靠地备份和恢复数据正变得越来越重要。社会已经适应了技术的广泛使用，并懂得了如何依靠电脑和移动设备，但很少有人能够处理丢失重要数据的现实。在遭受数据损失的公司中，30% 的公司将在一年内损失一半市值，70% 的公司将在五年内停止交易。这更加凸显了数据的价值。
|
||||
|
||||
随着数据在体积上的增长，提高存储利用率尤为重要。In Computing(注:这里不知如何翻译)，数据去重是一种特别的数据压缩技术，因为它可以消除重复数据的拷贝，所以这个技术可以提高存储利用率。
|
||||
|
||||
数据并不仅仅只有其创造者感兴趣。政府、竞争者、犯罪分子、偷窥者可能都热衷于获取你的数据。他们或许想偷取你的数据，从你那里进行敲诈，或看你正在做什么。对于保护你的数据，加密是非常必要的。
|
||||
|
||||
所以，解决方法是我们需要一个去重加密备份软件。
|
||||
|
||||
对于所有的用户而言，做文件备份是一件非常必要的事，至今为止许多用户还没有采取足够的措施来保护他们的数据。一台电脑不论是工作在一个合作的环境中，还是供私人使用，机器的硬盘可能在没有任何警告的情况下挂掉。另外，有些数据丢失可能是人为的错误所引发的。如果没有做经常性的备份，数据也可能不可避免地失去掉，即使请了专业的数据恢复公司来帮忙。
|
||||
|
||||
这篇文章将对 6 个去重加密备份工具进行简要的介绍。
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### Attic ###
|
||||
|
||||
Attic 是一个可用于去重、加密，验证完整性的用 Python 写的压缩备份程序。Attic 的主要目标是提供一个高效且安全的方式来备份数据。Attic 使用的数据去重技术使得它适用于每日备份，因为只需存储改变的数据。
|
||||
|
||||
其特点有:
|
||||
|
||||
- 易用
|
||||
- 可高效利用存储空间，通过检查冗余的数据，数据块大小的去重被用来减少存储所用的空间
|
||||
- 可选的数据加密，使用 256 位的 AES 加密算法。数据的完整性和可靠性使用 HMAC-SHA256 来检查
|
||||
- 使用 SDSH 来进行离线备份
|
||||
- 备份可作为文件系统来挂载
|
||||
|
||||
网站: [attic-backup.org][1]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### Borg ###
|
||||
|
||||
Borg 是 Attic 的分支。它是一个安全的开源备份程序，被设计用来高效地存储那些新的或修改过的数据。
|
||||
|
||||
Borg 的主要目标是提供一个高效、安全的方式来存储数据。Borg 使用的数据去重技术使得它适用于每日备份，因为只需存储改变的数据。认证加密使得它适用于不完全可信的目标的存储。
|
||||
|
||||
Borg 由 Python 写成。Borg 于 2015 年 5 月被创造出来，为了回应让新的代码或重大的改变带入 Attic 的困难。
|
||||
|
||||
其特点包括:
|
||||
|
||||
- 易用
|
||||
- 可高效利用存储空间，通过检查冗余的数据，数据块大小的去重被用来减少存储所用的空间
|
||||
- 可选的数据加密，使用 256 位的 AES 加密算法。数据的完整性和可靠性使用 HMAC-SHA256 来检查
|
||||
- 使用 SDSH 来进行离线备份
|
||||
- 备份可作为文件系统来挂载
|
||||
|
||||
Borg 与 Attic 不兼容。
|
||||
|
||||
网站: [borgbackup.github.io/borgbackup][2]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### Obnam ###
|
||||
|
||||
Obnam (OBligatory NAMe) 是一个易用、安全的基于 Python 的备份程序。备份可被存储在本地硬盘或通过 SSH SFTP 协议存储到网上。若使用了备份服务器，它并不需要任何特殊的软件，只需要使用 SSH 即可。
|
||||
|
||||
Obnam 通过将数据数据分成数据块，并单独存储它们来达到去重的目的，每次通过增量备份来生成备份，每次备份的生成就像是一次新的快照，但事实上是真正的增量备份。Obnam 由 Lars Wirzenius 开发。
|
||||
|
||||
其特点有:
|
||||
|
||||
- 易用
|
||||
- 快照备份
|
||||
- 数据去重，跨文件，生成备份
|
||||
- 可使用 GnuPG 来加密备份
|
||||
- 向一个单独的仓库中备份多个客户端的数据
|
||||
- 备份检查点 (创建一个保存点，以每 100MB 或其他容量)
|
||||
- 包含多个选项来调整性能，包括调整 lru-size 或 upload-queue-size
|
||||
- 支持 MD5 校验和算法来识别重复的数据块
|
||||
- 通过 SFTP 将备份存储到一个服务器上
|
||||
- 同时支持 push(即在客户端上运行) 和 pull(即在服务器上运行)
|
||||
|
||||
网站: [obnam.org][3]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### Duplicity ###
|
||||
|
||||
Duplicity 持续地以 tar 文件格式备份文件和目录，并使用 GnuPG 来进行加密，同时将它们上传到远程(或本地)的文件服务器上。它可以使用 ssh/scp, 本地文件获取, rsync, ftp, 和 Amazon S3 等来传递数据。
|
||||
|
||||
因为 duplicity 使用了 librsync， 增加的存档高效地利用了存储空间，且只记录自从上次备份依赖改变的那部分文件。由于该软件使用 GnuPG 来机密或对这些归档文件进行进行签名，这使得它们免于服务器的监视或修改。
|
||||
|
||||
当前 duplicity 支持备份删除的文件，全部的 unix 权限，目录，符号链接， fifo 等。
|
||||
|
||||
duplicity 软件包还包含有 rdiffdir 工具。 Rdiffdir 是 librsync 的 rdiff 针对目录的扩展。它可以用来生成对目录的签名和差异，对普通文件也有效。
|
||||
|
||||
其特点有:
|
||||
|
||||
- 使用简单
|
||||
- 对归档进行加密和签名(使用 GnuPG)
|
||||
- 高效使用带宽和存储空间，使用 rsync 的算法
|
||||
- 标准的文件格式
|
||||
- 可选择多种远程协议
|
||||
- 本地存储
|
||||
- scp/ssh
|
||||
- ftp
|
||||
- rsync
|
||||
- HSI
|
||||
- WebDAV
|
||||
- Amazon S3
|
||||
|
||||
网站: [duplicity.nongnu.org][4]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### ZBackup ###
|
||||
|
||||
ZBackup 是一个通用的全局去重备份工具。
|
||||
|
||||
其特点包括:
|
||||
|
||||
- 存储数据的并行 LZMA 或 LZO 压缩，在一个仓库中，你还可以混合使用 LZMA 和 LZO
|
||||
- 内置对存储数据的 AES 加密
|
||||
- 可选择地删除旧的备份数据
|
||||
- 可以使用 64 位的滚动哈希算法，使得文件冲突的数量几乎为零
|
||||
- Repository consists of immutable files. No existing files are ever modified ====
|
||||
- 用 C++ 写成，只需少量的库文件依赖
|
||||
- 在生成环境中可以安全使用
|
||||
- 可以在不同仓库中进行数据交换而不必再进行压缩
|
||||
- 可以使用 64 位改进型 Rabin-Karp 滚动哈希算法
|
||||
|
||||
网站: [zbackup.org][5]
|
||||
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
### bup ###
|
||||
|
||||
bup 是一个用 Python 写的备份程序，其名称是 "backup" 的缩写。在 git packfile 文件的基础上， bup 提供了一个高效的方式来备份一个系统，提供快速的增量备份和全局去重(在文件中或文件里，甚至包括虚拟机镜像)。
|
||||
|
||||
bup 在 LGPL 版本 2 协议下发行。
|
||||
|
||||
其特点包括:
|
||||
|
||||
- 全局去重 (在文件中或文件里，甚至包括虚拟机镜像)
|
||||
- 使用一个滚动的校验和算法(类似于 rsync) 来将大文件分为多个数据块
|
||||
- 使用来自 git 的 packfile 格式
|
||||
- 直接写入 packfile 文件，以此提供快速的增量备份
|
||||
- 可以使用 "par2" 冗余来恢复冲突的备份
|
||||
- 可以作为一个 FUSE 文件系统来挂载你的 bup 仓库
|
||||
|
||||
网站: [bup.github.io][6]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.linuxlinks.com/article/20150628060000607/BackupTools.html
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[FSSlc](https://github.com/FSSlc)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:https://attic-backup.org/
|
||||
[2]:https://borgbackup.github.io/borgbackup/
|
||||
[3]:http://obnam.org/
|
||||
[4]:http://duplicity.nongnu.org/
|
||||
[5]:http://zbackup.org/
|
||||
[6]:https://bup.github.io/
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user