From e2b184b0063d9240dd9aa0d902da443fa8405657 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: heguangzhi <7731226@qq.com> Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2019 10:33:19 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] translated --- ...o Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8.md | 105 ++++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 56 insertions(+), 49 deletions(-) rename {sources => translated}/tech/20190901 Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8.md (52%) diff --git a/sources/tech/20190901 Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8.md b/translated/tech/20190901 Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8.md similarity index 52% rename from sources/tech/20190901 Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8.md rename to translated/tech/20190901 Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8.md index 9c354e84e1..ad0f8822a0 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20190901 Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8.md +++ b/translated/tech/20190901 Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8.md @@ -7,26 +7,26 @@ [#]: via: (https://www.linuxtechi.com/configure-static-ip-address-rhel8/) [#]: author: (Pradeep Kumar https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/pradeep/) -Different Ways to Configure Static IP Address in RHEL 8 -====== +在 RHEL8 配置静态 IP 地址的不同方法 + +====== +在 **Linux服务器** 上工作时，在网卡/以太网卡上分配静态 IP 地址是每个 Linux 工程师的常见任务之一。如果一个人在Linux 服务器上正确配置了静态地址，那么他/她就可以通过网络远程访问它。在本文中，我们将演示在 RHEL 8 服务器网卡上配置静态 IP 地址的不同方法。 -While Working on **Linux Servers**, assigning Static IP address on NIC / Ethernet cards is one of the common tasks that every Linux engineer do. If one configures the **Static IP address** correctly on a Linux server then he/she can access it remotely over network. In this article we will demonstrate what are different ways to assign Static IP address on RHEL 8 Server’s NIC. [![Configure-Static-IP-RHEL8][1]][2] -Following are the ways to configure Static IP on a NIC, - - * nmcli (command line tool) - * Network Scripts files(ifcfg-*) - * nmtui  (text based user interface) +以下是在网卡上配置静态IP的方法： + + * nmcli (命令行工具) + * 网络脚本文件(ifcfg-*) + * nmtui  (基于文本的用户界面) +### 使用 nmcli 命令行工具配置静态 IP 地址 -### Configure Static IP Address using nmcli command line tool +每当我们安装 RHEL 8 服务器时，就会自动安装命令行工具 ‘**nmcli**’ ，网络管理器使用 nmcli，并允许我们在以太网卡上配置静态 IP 地址。 -Whenever we install RHEL 8 server then ‘**nmcli**’, a command line tool is installed automatically, nmcli is used by network manager and allows us to configure static ip address on Ethernet cards. - -Run the below ip addr command to list Ethernet cards on your RHEL 8 server +运行下面的 ip addr 命令，列出 RHEL 8 服务器上的以太网卡 ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# ip addr @@ -34,9 +34,10 @@ Run the below ip addr command to list Ethernet cards on your RHEL 8 server ![ip-addr-command-rhel8][1] -As we can see in above command output, we have two NICs enp0s3 & enp0s8. Currently ip address assigned to the NIC is via dhcp server. -Let’s assume we want to assign the static IP address on first NIC (enp0s3) with the following details, +正如我们在上面的命令输出中看到的，我们有两个网卡 enp0s3 & ampenp0s8。当前分配给网卡的 IP 地址是通过 DHCP 服务器获得的 。 + +假设我们希望在第一个网卡 (enp0s3) 上分配静态IP地址，具体内容如下: * IP address = 192.168.1.4 * Netmask = 255.255.255.0 @@ -44,10 +45,9 @@ Let’s assume we want to assign the static IP address on first NIC (enp0s3) wit * DNS = 8.8.8.8 +依次运行以下 nmcli 命令来配置静态 IP， -Run the following nmcli commands one after the another to configure static ip, - -List currently active Ethernet cards using “**nmcli connection**” command, +使用“**nmcli connection **”命令列出当前活动的以太网卡， ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli connection @@ -56,44 +56,46 @@ enp0s3 7c1b8444-cb65-440d-9bf6-ea0ad5e60bae ethernet enp0s3 virbr0 3020c41f-6b21-4d80-a1a6-7c1bd5867e6c bridge virbr0 [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` +在 nmcli 命令下使用，在 enp0s3 上分配静态 IP。 -Use beneath nmcli command to assign static ip on enp0s3, -**Syntax:** -# nmcli connection modify <interface_name> ipv4.address  <ip/prefix> +**句法:** -**Note:** In short form, we usually replace connection with ‘con’ keyword and modify with ‘mod’ keyword in nmcli command. +nmcli connection modify <interface_name> ipv4.address  <ip/prefix> -Assign ipv4 (192.168.1.4) to enp0s3 interface, + +**注意:** 简化语句，在 nmcli 命令中，我们通常用 “con” 关键字替换连接，并用 “mod”关 键字进行修改。 + +将 ipv4 (192.168.1.4) 分配给 enp0s3 网卡上。 ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.4/24 [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -Set the gateway using below nmcli command, +使用下面的 nmcli 命令设置网关， ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1 [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -Set the manual configuration (from dhcp to static), +设置手动配置(从dhcp到static)， ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.method manual [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -Set DNS value as “8.8.8.8”, +设置 DNS 值为 “8.8.8.8”, ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8" [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -To save the above changes and to reload the interface execute the beneath nmcli command, +要保存上述更改并重新加载，请执行 nmcli 如下命令， ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmcli con up enp0s3 @@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkMa [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -Above command output confirms that interface enp0s3 has been configured successfully.Whatever the changes we have made using above nmcli commands, those changes is saved permanently under the file “etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3” +以上命令显示网卡 enp0s3 已成功配置。 我们使用 nmcli 命令进行了那些更改都将永久保存在文件“etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3” 里。 ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3 @@ -109,15 +111,16 @@ Above command output confirms that interface enp0s3 has been configured successf ![ifcfg-enp0s3-file-rhel8][1] -To Confirm whether IP address has been to enp0s3 interface use the below ip command, +要确认 IP 地址是否分配给了 enp0s3 网卡了，请使用以下 IP 命令查看， + ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]#ip addr show enp0s3 ``` -### Configure Static IP Address manually using network-scripts (ifcfg-) files +### 使用网络脚本文件(ifcfg-)手动配置静态 IP 地址 -We can configure the static ip address to an ethernet card using its network-script or ‘ifcfg-‘ files. Let’s assume we want to assign the static ip address on our second Ethernet card ‘enp0s8’. +我们可以使用配置以太网卡的网络脚本或“ifcfg-”文件来配置以太网卡的静态 IP 地址。假设我们想在第二个以太网卡 “enp0s8” 上分配静态IP 地址： * IP= 192.168.1.91 * Netmask / Prefix = 24 @@ -125,8 +128,7 @@ We can configure the static ip address to an ethernet card using its network-scr * DNS1=4.2.2.2 - -Go to the directory “/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts” and look for the file ‘ifcfg- enp0s8’, if it does not exist then create it with following content, +转到目录 "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts "，查找文件 'ifcfg- enp0s8'，如果它不存在，则使用以下内容创建它， ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ @@ -142,14 +144,16 @@ GATEWAY="192.168.1.1" DNS1="4.2.2.2" ``` -Save and exit the file and then restart network manager service to make above changes into effect, + +保存并退出文件，然后重新启动网络管理器服务以使上述更改生效， ``` [root@linuxtechi network-scripts]# systemctl restart NetworkManager [root@linuxtechi network-scripts]# ``` -Now use below ip command to verify whether ip address is assigned to nic or not, +现在使用下面的 IP 命令来验证 IP 地址是否分配给网卡， + ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# ip add show enp0s8 @@ -162,13 +166,14 @@ Now use below ip command to verify whether ip address is assigned to nic or not, [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -Above output confirms that static ip address has been configured successfully on the NIC ‘enp0s8’ -### Configure Static IP Address using ‘nmtui’ utility +以上输出内容确认静态 IP 地址已在网卡“enp0s8”上成功配置了 -nmtui is a text based user interface for controlling network manager, when we execute nmtui, it will open a text base user interface through which we can add, modify and delete connections. Apart from this nmtui can also be used to set hostname of your system. +### 使用 “nmtui” 实用程序配置静态 IP 地址 -Let’s assume we want to assign static ip address to interface enp0s3 with following details, +nmtui 是一个基于文本用户界面的，用于控制网络的管理器，当我们执行 nmtui 时，它将打开一个基于文本的用户界面，通过它我们可以添加、修改和删除连接。除此之外，nmtui 还可以用来设置系统的主机名。 + +假设我们希望通过以下细节将静态 IP 地址分配给网卡 enp0s3 ， * IP address = 10.20.0.72 * Prefix = 24 @@ -176,8 +181,7 @@ Let’s assume we want to assign static ip address to interface enp0s3 with foll * DNS1=4.2.2.2 - -Run nmtui and follow the screen instructions, example is show +运行 nmtui 并按照屏幕说明操作，示例如下所示 ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# nmtui @@ -185,31 +189,33 @@ Run nmtui and follow the screen instructions, example is show [![nmtui-rhel8][1]][3] -Select the first option ‘**Edit a connection**‘ and then choose the interface as ‘enp0s3’ + +选择第一个选项 “**Edit a connection**”，然后选择接口为“enp0s3” [![Choose-interface-nmtui-rhel8][1]][4] -Choose Edit and then specify the IP address, Prefix, Gateway and DNS Server ip, +选择编辑，然后指定 IP 地址、前缀、网关和域名系统服务器IP， [![set-ip-nmtui-rhel8][1]][5] -Choose OK and hit enter. In the next window Choose ‘**Activate a connection**’ +选择确定，然后点击回车。在下一个窗口中，选择 “**Activate a connection**” + [![Activate-option-nmtui-rhel8][1]][6] -Select **enp0s3**,  Choose **Deactivate** & hit enter +选择 **enp0s3**，选择 **Deactivate** & 点击回车 [![Deactivate-interface-nmtui-rhel8][1]][7] -Now choose **Activate** & hit enter, +现在选择 **Activate** &点击回车， [![Activate-interface-nmtui-rhel8][1]][8] -Select Back and then select Quit, +选择“上一步”，然后选择“退出”， [![Quit-Option-nmtui-rhel8][1]][9] -Use below IP command to verify whether ip address has been assigned to interface enp0s3 +使用下面的 IP 命令验证 IP 地址是否已分配给接口 enp0s3 ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# ip add show enp0s3 @@ -222,9 +228,10 @@ Use below IP command to verify whether ip address has been assigned to interface [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -Above output confirms that we have successfully assign the static IP address to interface enp0s3 using nmtui utility. -That’s all from this tutorial, we have covered three different ways to configure ipv4 address to an Ethernet card on RHEL 8 system. Please do not hesitate to share feedback and comments in comments section below. +以上输出内容显示我们已经使用 nmtui 实用程序成功地将静态 IP 地址分配给接口 enp0s3。 + +以上就是本教程的全部内容，我们已经介绍了在 RHEL 8 系统上为以太网卡配置 ipv4 地址的三种不同方法。请不要犹豫，在下面的评论部分分享反馈和评论。 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------