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[#]: subject: "Collision: Linux App to Verify ISO and Other Files"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/collision/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Collision: Linux App to Verify ISO and Other Files
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======
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The tutorial outlines the features and usage guide of Collision. It is a GUI-based, easy-to-use utility that lets you verify files using cryptographic hash functions.
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### Why do you need to verify files?
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Everyone downloads files every day over the internet. But many users never bother to verify their integrity or authenticity. That means whether the file is legitimate and not tampered with by any malicious codes.
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Take an example of any [Linux Distributions][1]‘ ISO files which come as standard installer images. All popular distribution makers also provide a hash file alongside the ISO file. Using that file, you can easily compare the hash value of your downloaded file. And you can rest assured that your file is correct and not corrupted by any means.
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Moreover, if you download a large file over an unstable internet connection, the file may get corrupted. IN those scenarios also, it helps to verify.
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### Collision – Features and How to Use
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The app – [Collision][2] uses Cryptographic Hash Functions to help you verify files. The cryptographic hash functions are popular algorithms that generate the file data into a fixed-length data stream via several encryption algorithms. The most popular ones are MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256 and SHA-512. All of these are supported by the Collision app.
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In addition to that, Collision also presents a neat user interface which is simple and easy to use for every Linux user. Here’s how it looks.
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![Collision – First Screen][3]
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Firstly, it has two primary features. a) upload a file to get the checksum or hash values and b) compare the checksum with the uploaded file.
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For example, if you have a simple file, you can upload it via the “Open a File” button or “Open” for re-uploading another file.
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As you can see in the below image, the text file has the below checksum for various hash functions. Now you can share the file over the internet/with anyone, along with the checksum values for verification.
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![Hash values of a test file][4]
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Moreover, if someone tampers with the file (even with a single byte) or the file gets corrupted during distribution, then the hash value changes entirely.
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Secondly, if you want to verify the integrity of a file you have downloaded, go to the Verify tab. Then upload the file and enter the hash value of the uploaded file you received.
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If it matches, you should see a green tick showing its authenticity.
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![Collision verifies a sample file with SHA-256][5]
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In addition, here is another example where I have modified the test file and kept the values as same. This use case clearly states that it’s not valid for this file.
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![Collision showing that a file is not valid][6]
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#### An important note
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It is worth mentioning here that the hash methods don’t verify the file meta attributes such as modify time, modify date, etc. If someone tampers any file and reverts it to its original content, the hash methods would term it a valid file.
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Now, let’s see a typical example of validating an ISO file.
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### Example of Using Collision to verify a sample ISO file of Ubuntu Linux
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I am sure you download many ISO files while using Linux in general. So to illustrate, I have downloaded the popular Ubuntu ISO server image from the official Ubuntu download page.
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![Ubuntu server ISO file and checksums][7]
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The SHA256SUMS file has the below checksum value for the installer, as shown above.
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![SHA-256 value of Ubuntu server ISO image][8]
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After you download, open the Collision application and upload the ISO file via the Verify tab. Then copy the SHA-256 value and paste it to the checksum box on the left.
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You should see that the file is authentic if you have correctly downloaded and followed the steps.
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![Ubuntu server ISO image verified][9]
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### How to Install Collision
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The Collision app installation is effortless using Flatpak. You need to [set up Flatpak][10] for your Linux Distributions and click on the below link to install Collision.
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[Install Collision via Flathub][11]
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After installation, you should find it via the application menu of your distro.
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### Is there another way to verify files without any app?
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Yes, there are some built-in utilities available in all Linux distributions, which you can also use to verify the files and their integrity using the terminal.
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The following terminal utilities can be used to determine the hash of any file. They are installed by default in all distros, and you can even use them for your shell script to automate.
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```
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md5sum <file name>
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```
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```
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sha1sum <file name>
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```
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```
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sha256sum <file name>
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```
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Using the above utilities, you can find out the hash value. But you need to compare them to verify manually.
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![Verify files via command-line utilities][12]
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### Closing Notes
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I hope this guide helps you verify your files using the Collision GTK app. It is straightforward to use. Moreover, you can use the command line methods to verify any files you want when you are in the terminal. Also, it’s a best practice to always check for file integrity wherever possible.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/collision/
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作者：[Arindam][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/category/distributions
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[2]: https://collision.geopjr.dev/
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[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Collision-First-Screen.jpg
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[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Hash-values-of-a-test-file.jpg
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[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Collision-verifies-a-sample-file-with-SHA-256.jpg
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[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Collision-showing-that-a-file-is-not-valid.jpg
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[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Ubuntu-server-ISO-file-and-checksums.jpg
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[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/SHA-256-valud-of-Ubuntu-server-ISO-image.jpg
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[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Ubuntu-server-ISO-image-verified.jpg
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[10]: https://flatpak.org/setup/
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[11]: https://dl.flathub.org/repo/appstream/dev.geopjr.Collision.flatpakref
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[12]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Verify-files-via-command-line-utilities.jpg
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@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
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[#]: subject: "Collision: Linux App to Verify ISO and Other Files"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/collision/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Collision：用于验证 ISO 和其他文件的 Linux 应用
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======
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本教程概述了 Collision 的功能和使用指南。它是一个基于 GUI 且易于使用的程序，可让你使用加密哈希函数验证文件。
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### 为什么需要验证文件？
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每个人每天都通过 Internet 下载文件。但许多用户从不费心去验证他们的完整性或真实性。这意味着该文件是否合法且未被任何恶意代码篡改。
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以作为标准安装镜像的 [Linux 发行版][1]的 ISO 文件为例。所有流行的发行版制造商还提供哈希文件和 ISO 文件。使用该文件，你可以轻松比较下载文件的哈希值。你可以放心，你的文件是正确的并且没有以任何方式损坏。
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此外，如果你通过不稳定的互联网连接下载大文件，该文件可能会损坏。在这些情况下，它也有助于验证。
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### Collision – 功能和使用方法
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[Collision][2] 使用加密哈希函数来帮助你验证文件。加密哈希函数是一种流行的算法，它通过多种加密算法将文件数据生成为固定长度的数据流。最受欢迎的是 MD5、SHA-1、SHA-256 和 SHA-512。所有这些 Collision 都支持。
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除此之外，Collision 还提供了一个简洁的用户界面，它对每个 Linux 用户都简单易用。这是它的外观。
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![Collision – First Screen][3]
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首先，它有两个主要特点。 a) 上传文件以获取校验和和或哈希值 b) 将校验和与上传的文件进行比较。
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例如，如果你有一个简单的文件，你可以通过“打开文件”按钮或“打开”按钮重新上传另一个文件。
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如下图所示，文本文件具有以下各种哈希函数的校验和。现在你可以通过互联网/与任何人共享该文件，以及用于验证的校验和值。
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![Hash values of a test file][4]
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此外，如果有人篡改文件（即使是单个字节）或文件在分发过程中被破坏，那么哈希值就会完全改变。
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其次，如果要验证已下载文件的完整性，请点击“验证”选项卡。然后上传文件，输入你收到的上传文件的哈希值。
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如果匹配，你应该会看到一个绿色勾号，显示其真实性。
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![Collision verifies a sample file with SHA-256][5]
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此外，这是另一个示例，我修改了测试文件并保持值相同。这个场景清楚地表明它对该文件无效。
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![Collision showing that a file is not valid][6]
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#### 重要说明
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这里值得一提的是，哈希方法不会验证文件元属性，如修改时间、修改日期等。如果有人篡改了文件并将其还原为原始内容，哈希方法将其称为有效文件。
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现在，让我们看一个验证 ISO 文件的典型示例。
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### 使用 Collision 验证 Ubuntu Linux 的示例 ISO 文件
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我相信你在使用 Linux 时通常会下载许多 ISO 文件。为了说明，我从官方 Ubuntu 下载页面下载了流行的 Ubuntu ISO 服务器镜像。
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![Ubuntu server ISO file and checksums][7]
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SHA256SUMS 文件具有以下安装程序的校验和值，如上所示。
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![SHA-256 value of Ubuntu server ISO image][8]
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下载后，打开 Collision 应用并通过验证选项卡上传 ISO 文件。然后复制 SHA-256 值并将其粘贴到左侧的校验和框中。
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如果你已正确下载并按照步骤操作，你应该会看到该文件是真实的。
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![Ubuntu server ISO image verified][9]
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### 如何安装 Collision
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使用 Flatpak 可以轻松安装 Collision 应用。你需要为你的 Linux 发行版[设置 Flatpak][10]，并单击以下链接以安装 Collision。
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[通过 Flathub 安装 Collision][11]
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安装后，你应该通过发行版的应用菜单找到它。
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### 有没有其他方法可以在没有任何应用的情况下验证文件？
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是的，所有 Linux 发行版中都有一些内置程序，你还可以使用它们来使用终端验证文件及其完整性。
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下面的终端程序可用于确定任何文件的哈希值。它们默认安装在所有发行版中，你甚至可以将它们用于你的 shell 脚本以实现自动化。
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```
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md5sum <文件名>
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```
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```
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sha1sum <文件名>
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```
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```
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sha256sum <文件名>
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```
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使用上述程序，你可以找出哈希值。但是你需要比较它们以手动验证。
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![Verify files via command-line utilities][12]
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### 结束语
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我希望本指南可以帮助你使用 Collision GTK 应用验证你的文件。它使用起来很简单。此外，你可以在终端中使用命令行方法来验证您想要的任何文件。另外，最好的做法是尽可能始终检查文件完整性。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.debugpoint.com/2022/05/collision/
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作者：[Arindam][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/category/distributions
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[2]: https://collision.geopjr.dev/
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[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Collision-First-Screen.jpg
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[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Hash-values-of-a-test-file.jpg
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[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Collision-verifies-a-sample-file-with-SHA-256.jpg
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[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Collision-showing-that-a-file-is-not-valid.jpg
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[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Ubuntu-server-ISO-file-and-checksums.jpg
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[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/SHA-256-valud-of-Ubuntu-server-ISO-image.jpg
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[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Ubuntu-server-ISO-image-verified.jpg
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[10]: https://flatpak.org/setup/
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[11]: https://dl.flathub.org/repo/appstream/dev.geopjr.Collision.flatpakref
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[12]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Verify-files-via-command-line-utilities.jpg
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