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translating by chenxinlong
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# [Boot Repair Tool - Repair The Most Boot Related Problems][15]
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@ -1,224 +0,0 @@
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translating by chenxinlong
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Pass – A Simple command-line Password Manager for Linux
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============================================================
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Keep tracking the password is one of the big challenge to everyone now a days since we has multiple password like email, bank, social media, online portal, and ftp, etc.,.
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Password managers are become very famous due to the demand and usage. In Linux so many alternatives are available, GUI based and CLI based. Today we are going to discuss about CLI based password manager called pass.
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[pass][2] is a simple command line password manager for Linux which stores password inside of a `gpg` encrypted file. These encrypted files are organized in well folder hierarchies.
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All passwords live in `~/.password-store`, and it provides simple commands for adding, editing, generating, and retrieving passwords.
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Suggested Read : [KeePass – A Best Password Management Tool To Store/Secure Passwords][3]
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It is a very short and simple shell script. It’s capable of temporarily putting passwords on your clipboard and tracking password changes using git.
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This is a small shell script which use few default tools like gnupg, tree and git, there are active community offering GUI & extensions for pass.
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#### How to Install Pass in Linux
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Pass is available in the repositories of most major distributions. So, use your distribution package manager to get installed.
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For Debian based systems, use [apt-get][4] or [apt package manager][5] to install pass.
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install pass
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```
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For RHEL/CentOS based systems, use [yum package manager][6] to install pass.
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```
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$ sudo yum install pass
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```
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For Fedora system, use [dnf package manager][7] to install pass.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install pass
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```
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For openSUSE system, use [zypper package manager][8] to install pass.
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```
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$ sudo zypper in password-store
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```
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For Arch Linux based systems, use [pacman package manager][9] to install pass.
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```
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$ pacman -S pass
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```
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#### How to generate GPG key pair
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Make sure you have your own GPG key pair. If no, create a GPG key pair by running following command on terminal and follow the instructions.
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```
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$ gpg --gen-key
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```
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The above command will ask a series of questions to create a GPG key pair, so input the required details carefully and few question you can leave default answer which is enough.
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#### Initiate the password store
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If you got a GPG key pair then initialize the local password store by running the following command, you can pass either `email-id or gpg-id`.
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```
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$ pass init 2daygeek@gmail.com
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mkdir: created directory '/home/magi/.password-store/'
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Password store initialized for 2daygeek@gmail.com
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```
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The above command will create a password store under `~/.password-store` directory.
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pass command is offering simple syntax to manage password. Let’s see one by one like adding, editing, generating, and retrieving passwords.
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Check the hierarchical tree by firing below command.
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```
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$ pass
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or
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$ pass ls
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or
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$ pass show
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Password Store
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```
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I didn’t see any tree hierarchical, so we will create our own based on our requirement.
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#### Insert a new password info
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We are going to save gmail id and its password by running below command.
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```
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$ pass insert eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com
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mkdir: created directory '/home/magi/.password-store/eMail'
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Enter password for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com:
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Retype password for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com:
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```
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Do the same until you insert all your entries. Saving Facebook credential.
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```
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$ pass insert Social/Facebook_2daygeek
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mkdir: created directory '/home/magi/.password-store/Social'
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Enter password for Social/Facebook_2daygeek:
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Retype password for Social/Facebook_2daygeek:
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```
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We can list all the existing passwords in the store.
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```
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$ pass show
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Password Store
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├── 2g
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├── Bank
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├── eMail
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│ ├── 2daygeek@gmail.com
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│ └── magesh.maruthamuthu@gmail.com
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├── eMail
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├── Social
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│ ├── Facebook_2daygeek
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│ └── Gplus_2daygeek
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├── Social
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└── Sudha
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└── sudha21.magesh@gmail.com
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```
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#### Show existing password
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Run the following command to retrieve password info from password store, It will ask you to enter the passphrase to unlock.
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[][10]
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```
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$ pass eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com
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*******
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```
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#### Copy the password in clipboard
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To copy the password directly onto the clipboard temporarily instead of printing on terminal, use the following command which is more secure method and it will clear the password automatically after 45 seconds.
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```
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$ pass -c eMail/magesh.maruthamuthu@gmail.com
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Copied eMail/magesh.maruthamuthu@gmail.com to clipboard. Will clear in 45 seconds.
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```
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#### Generate a new password
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If you want to generate hard and guess password instead of odd one, it will do by using the pwgen utility internally.
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```
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$ pass generate eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com 15
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An entry already exists for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com. Overwrite it? [y/N] y
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The generated password for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com is:
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y!NZ<%T)5Iwym_S
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```
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To generate password without symbols.
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```
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$ pass generate eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com 15 -n
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An entry already exists for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com. Overwrite it? [y/N] y
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The generated password for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com is:
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TP9ACLyzUZUwBwO
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```
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#### Edit existing password
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Insert a new password or edit an existing password using editor. When you run below command it will open the file `/dev/shm/pass.wUyGth1Hv0rnh/6kOBG-eMail-2daygeek@gmail.com.txt` in text editor which contain the password. Just add new password then save and exit.
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```
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$ pass edit eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com
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File: /dev/shm/pass.wUyGth1Hv0rnh/6kOBG-eMail-2daygeek@gmail.com.txt
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TP9ACLyzUZUwBwO
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```
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#### Remove a Password
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To remove existing password. It will remove the entry from `~/.password-store` which is contain `.gpg`
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```
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$ pass rm eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com
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Are you sure you would like to delete eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com? [y/N] y
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removed '/home/magi/.password-store/eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com.gpg'
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```
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#### Multi-line Functionality
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To save detailed info like, URL, username, password, pin, etc,., Use the following format. Make sure you have to add first entry as a password since it used to copy first line as a password when you use clipboard option, and the additional information on subsequent lines.
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```
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$ pass insert eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com -m
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Enter contents of eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com and press Ctrl+D when finished:
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H3$%hbhYT
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URL : http://www.2daygeek.com
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Info : Linux Tips & Tricks
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Ftp User : 2g
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```
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.2daygeek.com/pass-command-line-password-manager-linux/
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作者：[2DAYGEEK ][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.2daygeek.com/author/2daygeek/
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[1]:http://www.2daygeek.com/author/2daygeek/
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[2]:https://www.passwordstore.org/
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[3]:http://www.2daygeek.com/keepass-best-linux-password-manager-arch-linux-mint-ubuntu-debian-fedora-opensuse/
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[4]:http://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples/
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[5]:http://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples/
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[6]:http://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples/
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[7]:http://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples/
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[8]:http://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples/
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[9]:http://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples/
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[10]:http://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/pass-command-line-package-manager-for-linux-1.png
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@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
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Pass – 一款 Linux 的简单命令行密码管理工具
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============================================================
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现如今要记住类似 email、银行、社交媒体、在线支付、ftp 等等这么多的密码相信对每一个人来说都是一个巨大的挑战。
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由于需求和使用，密码管理器现如今变得非常的流行。在 Linux 中我们可以有很多选择，包括基于 GUI 和基于 CLI 两种。今天我们要讲的是一款基于 CLI 的密码管理器叫做 pass 。
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[pass][2] 是 Linux 上的一个简单的命令行密码管理器，它将密码存储在一个 `gpg` 加密后的文件里。这些加密后的文件会被按照良好的目录结构组织存放。
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所有密码都存在于 `〜/ .password-store` 中，它提供了添加、编辑、生成和检索密码等简单命令。
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建议阅读：[KeePass - 存储/安全密码的最佳密码管理工具][3]
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它是一个非常简短和简单的 shell 脚本。 它能够临时将密码放在剪贴板上，并使用 git 跟踪密码的修改。
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这是一个很小的 shell 脚本，它还使用了少量的默认工具比如 gnupg、tree 和 git，同时还有活跃的社区为它提供 GUI 和扩展。
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#### 如何在 Linux 中安装 Pass
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Pass 可从大多数 Linux 的主要发行版的仓库中获得。 所以，你可以使用你的分布式包管理器来安装它。
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对于基于 Debian 的系统，你可以使用 [apt-get][4] 或 [apt package manager][5] 命令来安装 pass。
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install pass
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```
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对于基于 RHEL/CentOS 的操作系统, 使用 [yum package manager][6] 命令来安装它。
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```
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$ sudo yum install pass
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```
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Fedora 系统可用 [dnf package manager][7] 命令来安装。
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```
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$ sudo dnf install pass
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```
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openSUSE 系统可以用 [zypper package manager][8] 命令来安装。
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```
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$ sudo zypper in password-store
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```
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对于基于 Arch Linux 的操作系统用 [pacman package manager][9] 来安装它。
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```
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$ pacman -S pass
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```
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#### 如何生成 GPG 密钥对
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确保你拥有你个人的 GPG 密钥对。如果没有的话，你可以通过在终端中输入以下的命令并安装指导来创建你的 GPG 密钥对。
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```
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$ gpg --gen-key
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```
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运行以上的命令以生成 GPG 密钥对时会有一系列的问题询问，谨慎输入问题的答案，其中有一些只要使用默认值即可。、
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#### 初始化密码存储
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如果你已经有了 GPG 密钥对，请通过运行以下命令初始化本地密码存储，你可以 pass `email-id` 或 `gpg-id`。
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```
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$ pass init 2daygeek@gmail.com
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mkdir: created directory '/home/magi/.password-store/'
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Password store initialized for 2daygeek@gmail.com
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```
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上述命令将在 `〜/ .password-store` 目录下创建一个密码存储区。
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pass 命令提供了简单的语法来管理密码。 我们一个个来看，如何添加、编辑、生成和检索密码。
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通过下面的命令检查目录结构树。
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```
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$ pass
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or
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$ pass ls
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or
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$ pass show
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Password Store
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```
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我没有看到任何树型结构，所以我们将根据我们的需求来创建一个。
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#### 插入一个新的密码信息
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我们将通过运行以下命令来保存 gmail id 及其密码。
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```
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$ pass insert eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com
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mkdir: created directory '/home/magi/.password-store/eMail'
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Enter password for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com:
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Retype password for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com:
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```
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执行重复操作，直到所有的密码插入完成。 必入保存 Facebook 密码。
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```
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$ pass insert Social/Facebook_2daygeek
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mkdir: created directory '/home/magi/.password-store/Social'
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Enter password for Social/Facebook_2daygeek:
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Retype password for Social/Facebook_2daygeek:
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```
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我们可以列出存储中的所有现有的密码。
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```
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$ pass show
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Password Store
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├── 2g
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├── Bank
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├── eMail
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│ ├── 2daygeek@gmail.com
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│ └── magesh.maruthamuthu@gmail.com
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├── eMail
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├── Social
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│ ├── Facebook_2daygeek
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│ └── Gplus_2daygeek
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├── Social
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└── Sudha
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└── sudha21.magesh@gmail.com
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```
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#### 显示已有密码
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运行以下命令从密码存储中检索密码信息，它会询问你输入密码以解锁。
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[][10]
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```
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$ pass eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com
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*******
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```
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#### 在剪贴板中复制密码
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要直接将密码直接复制到剪贴板上，而不是在终端上输入，请使用以下更安全的命令，它会在 45 秒后自动清除密码。
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```
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$ pass -c eMail/magesh.maruthamuthu@gmail.com
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Copied eMail/magesh.maruthamuthu@gmail.com to clipboard. Will clear in 45 seconds.
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```
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#### 生成一个新密码
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如果你想生成一些比较难以猜测的密码用于代替原有的奇怪的密码，可以通过其内部的 pwgen 程序来实现。
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|
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```
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$ pass generate eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com 15
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An entry already exists for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com. Overwrite it? [y/N] y
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The generated password for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com is:
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y!NZ<%T)5Iwym_S
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```
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生成没有符号的密码。
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|
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```
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$ pass generate eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com 15 -n
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An entry already exists for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com. Overwrite it? [y/N] y
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The generated password for eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com is:
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TP9ACLyzUZUwBwO
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```
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#### 编辑现有的密码
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使用编辑器插入新密码或编辑现有密码。 当你运行下面的命令时，将会在包含密码的文本编辑器中打开文件`/ dev / shm / pass.wUyGth1Hv0rnh / 6kOBG-eMail-2daygeek @ gmail.com.txt`。 只需在其中添加新密码，然后保存并退出即可。
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```
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$ pass edit eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com
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File: /dev/shm/pass.wUyGth1Hv0rnh/6kOBG-eMail-2daygeek@gmail.com.txt
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TP9ACLyzUZUwBwO
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```
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#### 移除密码
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删除现有密码。 它将从 `〜/ .password-store` 中删除包含 `.gpg` 的条目
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||||
```
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$ pass rm eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com
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Are you sure you would like to delete eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com? [y/N] y
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||||
removed '/home/magi/.password-store/eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com.gpg'
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```
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#### 多选项功能
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要保存详细信息，如 URL、用户名、密码、引脚等信息，可以使用以下格式。 首先确保你要将第一项设置为密码，因为它用于在使用剪贴板选项时将第一行复制为密码，以及后续行中的附加信息。
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||||
|
||||
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||||
```
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$ pass insert eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com -m
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||||
Enter contents of eMail/2daygeek@gmail.com and press Ctrl+D when finished:
|
||||
|
||||
H3$%hbhYT
|
||||
URL : http://www.2daygeek.com
|
||||
Info : Linux Tips & Tricks
|
||||
Ftp User : 2g
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://www.2daygeek.com/pass-command-line-password-manager-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[2DAYGEEK ][a]
|
||||
译者：[chenxinlong](https://github.com/chenxinlong)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://www.2daygeek.com/author/2daygeek/
|
||||
[1]:http://www.2daygeek.com/author/2daygeek/
|
||||
[2]:https://www.passwordstore.org/
|
||||
[3]:http://www.2daygeek.com/keepass-best-linux-password-manager-arch-linux-mint-ubuntu-debian-fedora-opensuse/
|
||||
[4]:http://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples/
|
||||
[5]:http://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples/
|
||||
[6]:http://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples/
|
||||
[7]:http://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples/
|
||||
[8]:http://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples/
|
||||
[9]:http://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples/
|
||||
[10]:http://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/pass-command-line-package-manager-for-linux-1.png
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user