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Translating by MjSeven
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How To Disable Ads In Terminal Welcome Message In Ubuntu Server
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======
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If you’re using any latest Ubuntu server edition, you might have noticed some promotional links in welcome message which are not relevant to Ubuntu server platform. As you might already know **MOTD** , abbreviation of **M** essage **O** f **T** he **D** ay, displays a welcome message at every login in Linux systems. Usually, the welcome message contains the version of your OS, basic system information, official documentation link, and the links to read about the latest security updates etc. This is what we usually see at every time we login either via SSH or on the local machine. However, there some additional links started to appear in the terminal welcome message lately. I have already noticed this link few times, but I didn’t care about it and never clicked it though. Here is the Terminal welcome message shown in my Ubuntu 18.04 LTS server.
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As you can see in the above screenshot, there is also a bit.ly link and Ubuntu wiki link in the welcome message. Some of you may surprise and wondering what this is. There is nothing to worry about the links in the welcome message. It may look sort of ad-like, but those are not really commercial ads. The links are actually pointing to [**Ubuntu official blog**][1] and [**Ubuntu wiki**][2]. As I said earlier, one of link is not relevant and doesn’t has any details related to Ubuntu server. That’s why I called them ads in the first place.
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Even though most of us won’t visit bit.ly links, but some people may visit those links out of curiosity and ended up disappointed realizing that it simply points you to an external link. You can use any URL unshortners services, such as unshorten.it, to see where they lead before visiting the actual link. Alternatively, you can just type a plus sign ( **+** ) at the end of the bit.ly link to see where they lead and some statistics about the link.
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### What is MOTD and how it works?
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Back in 2009, **Dustin Kirkland** from Canonical introduced the concept of MOTD in Ubuntu. It’s a flexible framework that enables the administrators or distro packages to add executable scripts in /etc/update-motd.d/* location to generate informative, interesting messages displayed at login. It was originally implemented for Landscape (a commercial service from Canonical), however other distribution maintainers found it useful and adopted this feature in their own distributions as well.
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If you look in **/etc/update-motd.d/** location in your Ubuntu system, you’ll see a set of scripts. One prints the generic “welcome” banner. The next one prints 3 links showing where to find help for the OS. The other one counts and displays the number of package updates available for the local system. Another one tells you if a reboot is required and so on.
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From Ubuntu 17.04 onwards, the developers have added **/etc/update-motd.d/50-motd-news** , a script to include some additional information in the welcome message. They additional information are;
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1. Important critical information, such as
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ShellShock, Heartbleed etc.
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2. End-of-Life (EOL) messages, new feature availability, etc.
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3. Some fun and informative posts published in Ubuntu official blog and other news about Ubuntu.
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Asynchronously, about 60 seconds after boot, a systemd timer runs “/etc/update-motd.d/50-motd-news –force” script. It sources 3 config variables defined in /etc/default/motd-news script. The default values are: ENABLED=1, URLS=”<https://motd.ubuntu.com”>, WAIT=”5″.
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Here is the contents of /etc/default/motd-news file:
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```
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$ cat /etc/default/motd-news
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# Enable/disable the dynamic MOTD news service
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# This is a useful way to provide dynamic, informative
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# information pertinent to the users and administrators
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# of the local system
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ENABLED=1
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# Configure the source of dynamic MOTD news
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# White space separated list of 0 to many news services
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# For security reasons, these must be https
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# and have a valid certificate
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# Canonical runs a service at motd.ubuntu.com, and you
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# can easily run one too
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URLS="https://motd.ubuntu.com"
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# Specify the time in seconds, you're willing to wait for
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# dynamic MOTD news
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# Note that news messages are fetched in the background by
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# a systemd timer, so this should never block boot or login
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WAIT=5
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```
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Good thing is MOTD is fully customizable, so you can disable it entirely (ENABLED=0), change or add scripts as per your wish, and change the wait time in seconds
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If MOTD is enabled, that systemd timer job will loop over each of the URLS, trim them to 80 characters per line, and a maximum of 10 lines, and concatenate them to a cache file in /var/cache/motd-news. This systemd timer job will re-run and update the /var/cache/motd-news every 12 hours. Upon user login, the contents of /var/cache/motd-news is just printed to screen. This is how MOTD works.
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Also, a custom user-agent string is included in **/etc/update-motd.d/50-motd-news** file to report information about your computer. If you look into **/etc/update-motd.d/50-motd-news** file, you will see the following code.
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```
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# Piece together the user agent
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USER_AGENT="curl/$curl_ver $lsb $platform $cpu $uptime"
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```
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That means, the MOTD retriever reports your **operating system release** , **hardware platform** , **CPU type** and **uptime** to Canonical.
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Hope you got the basic idea about MOTD.
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Let us now get back to the topic. I don’t want this feature. How do I disable it? If the promotional links in the welcome message still bothers you and you wanted to disable them permanently, here is a quick way to disable it.
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### Disable Ads In Terminal Welcome Message In Ubuntu Server
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To disable these ads, edit file:
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```
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$ sudo vi /etc/default/motd-news
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```
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Find the following line and set its value as 0 (zero).
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```
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[...]
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ENABLED=0
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[...]
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```
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Save and close the file. Now, reboot your system and see if the welcome message stills showing the links from Ubuntu blog.
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See? There are no links from Ubuntu blog and Ubuntu wiki now.
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And, that’s all for now. Hope this helps. More good stuffs to come. Stay tuned!
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Cheers!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.ostechnix.com/how-to-disable-ads-in-terminal-welcome-message-in-ubuntu-server/
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作者：[SK][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
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[1]:https://blog.ubuntu.com/
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[2]:https://wiki.ubuntu.com/
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@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
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如何在 Ubuntu 服务器中禁用终端欢迎消息中的广告
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======
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如果你正在使用最新的 Ubuntu 服务器版本，你可能已经注意到欢迎消息中有一些与 Ubuntu 服务器平台无关的促销链接。你可能已经知道 **MOTD**，即 **M**essage **O**f **T**he **D**ay 的开头首字母，在 Linux 系统每次登录时都会显示欢迎信息。通常，欢迎消息包含操作系统版本，基本系统信息，官方文档链接以及有关最新安全更新等的链接。这些是我们每次通过 SSH 或本地登录时通常会看到的内容。但是，最近在终端欢迎消息中出现了一些其他链接。我已经几次注意到这些链接，但我并在意，也从未点击过。以下是我的 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 服务器上显示的终端欢迎消息。
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正如你在上面截图中所看到的，欢迎消息中有一个 bit.ly 链接和 Ubuntu wiki 链接。有些人可能会惊讶并想知道这是什么。其实欢迎信息中的链接无需担心。它可能看起来像广告，但并不是商业广告。链接实际上指的是 [**Ubuntu 官方博客**][1] 和 [**Ubuntu wiki**][2]。正如我之前所说，其中的一个链接是不相关的，没有任何与 Ubuntu 服务器相关的细节，这就是为什么我开头称它们为广告。
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（to 校正：这里是其中一个链接不相关还是两个链接都不相关）
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虽然我们大多数人都不会访问 bit.ly 链接，但是有些人可能出于好奇去访问这些链接，结果失望地发现它只是指向一个外部链接。你可以使用任何 URL 短网址服务，例如 unshorten.it，在访问真正链接之前，查看它会指向哪里。或者，你只需在 bit.ly 链接的末尾输入加号（**+**）即可查看它们的实际位置以及有关链接的一些统计信息。
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### 什么是 MOTD 以及它是如何工作的？
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2009 年，来自 Canonical 的 **Dustin Kirkland** 在 Ubuntu 中引入了 MOTD 的概念。它是一个灵活的框架，使管理员或发行包能够在 /etc/update-motd.d/* 位置添加可执行脚本，目的是生成在登录时显示有益的，有趣的消息。它最初是为 Landscape（Canonical 的商业服务）实现的，但是其它发行版维护者发现它很有用，并且在他们自己的发行版中也采用了这个特性。
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如果你在 Ubuntu 系统中查看 **/etc/update-motd.d/**，你会看到一组脚本。一个是打印通用的 “ Welcome” 横幅。下一个打印 3 个链接，显示在哪里可以找到操作系统的帮助。另一个计算并显示本地系统包可以更新的数量。另一个脚本告诉你是否需要重新启动等等。
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从 Ubuntu 17.04 起，开发人员添加了 **/etc/update-motd.d/50-motd-news**，这是一个脚本用来在欢迎消息中包含一些附加信息。这些附加信息是：
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1. 重要的关键信息，例如 ShellShock, Heartbleed 等
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2. 生命周期（EOL）消息，新功能可用性等
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3. 在 Ubuntu 官方博客和其他有关 Ubuntu 的新闻中发布的一些有趣且有益的帖子
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另一个特点是异步，启动后约 60 秒，systemd 计时器运行 “/etc/update-motd.d/50-motd-news –force” 脚本。它提供了 /etc/default/motd-news 脚本中定义的 3 个配置变量。默认值为：ENABLED=1, URLS=”<https://motd.ubuntu.com”>, WAIT=”5″。
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以下是 /etc/default/motd-news 文件的内容：
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```
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$ cat /etc/default/motd-news
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# Enable/disable the dynamic MOTD news service
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# This is a useful way to provide dynamic, informative
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# information pertinent to the users and administrators
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# of the local system
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ENABLED=1
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# Configure the source of dynamic MOTD news
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# White space separated list of 0 to many news services
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# For security reasons, these must be https
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# and have a valid certificate
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# Canonical runs a service at motd.ubuntu.com, and you
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# can easily run one too
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URLS="https://motd.ubuntu.com"
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# Specify the time in seconds, you're willing to wait for
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# dynamic MOTD news
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# Note that news messages are fetched in the background by
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# a systemd timer, so this should never block boot or login
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WAIT=5
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```
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好事情是 MOTD 是完全可定制的，所以你可以彻底禁用它（ENABLED=0），根据你的意愿更改或添加脚本，并以秒为单位更改等待时间。
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如果启用了 MOTD，那么 systemd 计时器作业将循环遍历每个 URL，将它们缩减到每行 80 个字符，最多 10 行，并将它们连接（to 校正：也可能是链接？）到 /var/cache/motd-news 中的缓存文件。此 systemd 计时器作业将每隔 12 小时运行并更新 /var/cache/motd-news。用户登录后，/var/cache/motd-news 的内容会打印到屏幕上。这就是 MOTD 的工作原理。
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此外，**/etc/update-motd.d/50-motd-news** 文件中包含自定义用户代理字符串，以报告有关计算机的信息。如果你查看 **/etc/update-motd.d/50-motd-news** 文件，你会看到
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```
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# Piece together the user agent
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USER_AGENT="curl/$curl_ver $lsb $platform $cpu $uptime"
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```
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这意味着，MOTD 检索器将向 Canonical 报告你的**操作系统版本**，**硬件平台**，**CPU 类型**和**正常运行时间**。
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到这里，希望你对 MOTD 有了一个基本的了解。
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现在让我们回到主题，我不想要这个功能。我该如何禁用它？如果欢迎消息中的促销链接仍然困扰你，并且你想永久禁用它们，则可以通过以下方法快速禁用它。
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### 在 Ubuntu 服务器中禁用终端欢迎消息中的广告
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要禁用这些广告，编辑文件：
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```
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$ sudo vi /etc/default/motd-news
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```
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找到以下行并将其值设置为 0（零）。
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```
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[...]
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ENABLED=0
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[...]
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```
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保存并关闭文件。现在，重新启动系统，看看欢迎消息是否仍然显示来自 Ubuntu 博客的链接。
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看到没？现在没有来自 Ubuntu 博客和 Ubuntu wiki 的链接。
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这就是全部内容了。希望这对你有所帮助。更多好东西要来了，敬请关注！
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顺祝时祺！
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.ostechnix.com/how-to-disable-ads-in-terminal-welcome-message-in-ubuntu-server/
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作者：[SK][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[MjSeven](https://github.com/MjSeven)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
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[1]:https://blog.ubuntu.com/
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[2]:https://wiki.ubuntu.com/
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Block a user