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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: ( )
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[#]: translator: (lxbwolf)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Pop!_OS vs Ubuntu: Which One is Better?)
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[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/pop-os-vs-ubuntu/)
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[#]: author: (Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/)
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||||||
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||||||
Pop!_OS vs Ubuntu: Which One is Better?
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||||||
======
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Well, you might find it easy to pick one from the list of [best Linux distributions][1]. However, it is often confusing to compare two similar Linux distros, just like Pop!_OS vs Ubuntu.
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Interestingly, Pop!_OS is based on [Ubuntu][2]. So, what is the difference between Pop!_OS and Ubuntu? Why should you choose one over other?
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In this article, I’m going to compare Pop!_OS and Ubuntu (both of which happen to be my favorites).
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**Note:** _You might find some of the points opinionated, this article is just a reference for the comparison. With constant developments and updates to Linux distros, a lot can change over time._
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### Comparing Ubuntu and Pop!_OS
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![Pop!_OS Vs Ubuntu][3]
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Spotting the similarity helps you distinguish other differences. So, let me start noting down some of the obvious similarities.
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Like I mentioned, Pop!_OS is a Linux distribution on top of Ubuntu. So, you get all the benefits of using Ubuntu (technically the same thing at its core) when you use Pop!_OS.
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They both ship with the [GNOME desktop environment][4] by default and hence they feature a similar user interface (UI).
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Without going into all the under-the-hood differences, I will be highlighting some important ones here.
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#### User Experience & Theming
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![Pop!_OS][5]
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A lot of users think that Pop!_OS is just Ubuntu with a different skin.
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From my experience, I’ll mention that it is not entirely true.
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Yes, they both rock [GNOME desktop environment][4] – however, Pop!_OS just feels more polished.
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In addition to the look and feel, [Ubuntu customizes the GNOME experience][6] by adding a dock and a few more tricks. You might find it better if you like a customized GNOME experience.
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But, if you prefer a pure GNOME experience, Pop!_OS gives you that by default.
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I cannot convince you enough until you try it out for yourself. But, the overall color scheme, icons, and the theme that goes on in Pop!_OS is arguably more pleasing as a superior user experience.
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It can be a subjective thing – but it is what I observed. You can also check out the video tour for Ubuntu 19.10 to check it out for yourself:
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#### Ease of Installing Third-Party Apps
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![Pop Os PPA][7]
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Ubuntu puts a lot of emphasis on Snap packages. This increases the number of application it offers.
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But there are some major issues with Snap packages. They take too much of disk space and they take a lot of time to start.
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This is why I prefer using the APT version of any application.
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Why am I telling you this?
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|
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Because Pop!_OS has its [own official PPA][8] which is enabled by default. You’ll find some useful applications like Android Studio, TensorFlow in here. No need to download a 1 GB snap package for the Android Studio. Just use [apt-get install][9] and get done with it.
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#### Pre-installed Applications
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![Ubuntu installation slideshow][10]
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It may not be the biggest deal-breaker for some but having a lot of pre-installed apps could affect the experience and performance. Even if it does not affect the performance – some users just prefer fewer pre-installed apps.
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Pop!_OS comes bundled with fewer default apps (potentially less bloatware, if I may call it that) when compared to Ubuntu.
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Yet again, this is something subjective. If you want to have more apps pre-installed, you may consider Ubuntu over Pop!_OS.
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#### Snap Package Support
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![][11]
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For users comfortable with the snap packages, Ubuntu’s software center is a slightly better solution to Pop!_OS shop because you can have snap packages listed right in your software center.
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You cannot filter the snap packages in the software center but it will be easier to install a snap package when you notice one (look at the details for the source of the app as ‘_Snap store_‘ / ‘_Snapcraft_‘) in the Software Center.
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Pop!_OS does support snap packages as well – if you’re confused. But, you won’t find them through the Pop!_OS shop, that’s the only difference here.
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If you are not sure what a snap package is and what it does, you can check out our article on [installing snap apps on Linux][12].
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#### Separate NVIDIA/AMD ISO File
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![ISOs][13]
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Technically, it isn’t a part of the comparison internally but it is a factor that some users care for.
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So, it is worth highlighting that Pop!_OS provides separate ISOs. One for the systems with NVIDIA graphics card and another for systems with/without AMD graphics.
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With Ubuntu 19.10, you get NVIDIA drivers on the Ubuntu ISO but there is no such thing for AMD graphics.
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#### Reliability & Issues
|
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Unquestionably, both the [distributions are beginner-friendly][14] and quite reliable. You might want to hold on to a Long Term Support (LTS) release if you want better reliability and fewer issues.
|
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|
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When a new version of Ubuntu comes up, Pop!_OS works on it and potentially fixes the issues that users encounter on Ubuntu’s original release before making the new upgrade available. This gives them a slight edge but that’s nothing substantial because those fixes eventually reach Ubuntu.
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#### Performance
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The performance will highly depend on what you have installed and the hardware configuration you install it on.
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Unless you have a super old system, both distributions seem to perform very well.
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I’m rocking an i5-7400 processor coupled with 16 Gigs of RAM (with a GTX 1050ti Graphics Card) and I find the experience good enough on both the distros.
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Of course, you could manually do a few optimization tweaks to fit your requirements – if either of them does not work out for your hardware configuration.
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|
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But, if you want to get your hands on a System76 laptop, Pop!_OS will prove to be [the Apple of Linux space][15] because Pop!_OS has been tailored for their hardware, unlike Ubuntu.
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|
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#### Hardware Compatibility
|
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|
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This is definitely something to consider when comparing other Linux distributions. However, in this case, there’s really no significant difference.
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You might consider Pop!_OS to constantly work with newer hardware configurations because they primarily tailor the OS for their laptops with a variety of configurations. And, it’s just an observation – not a fact.
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|
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**Wrapping Up**
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I know it’s not easy to choose one among the two popular Linux distro without trying them out. If it’s a possibility, I’ll recommend you to give them both a try while keeping this comparison for reference.
|
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|
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What’s your choice between these two? Did I miss something in the comparison? Let me know in the comments below.
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||||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||||
|
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||||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/pop-os-vs-ubuntu/
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作者：[Ankush Das][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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||||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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||||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
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||||||
|
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||||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://itsfoss.com/best-linux-distributions/
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[2]: https://ubuntu.com/
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[3]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/pop_os_vs_ubuntu.png?ssl=1
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[4]: https://www.gnome.org/
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|
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[5]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/pop-os-UI.jpg?ssl=1
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[6]: https://itsfoss.com/gnome-tricks-ubuntu/
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[7]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/pop-os-ppa.jpg?ssl=1
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[8]: https://launchpad.net/~system76/+archive/ubuntu/pop/
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[9]: https://itsfoss.com/apt-get-linux-guide/
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[10]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/install-ubuntu-linux-on-intel-nuc-14_tutorial.jpg?resize=800%2C516&ssl=1
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[11]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/snapcraft.jpg?ssl=1
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[12]: https://itsfoss.com/install-snap-linux/
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[13]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/iso-amd-nvidia-pop-os.jpg?ssl=1
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[14]: https://itsfoss.com/best-linux-beginners/
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[15]: https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=System76-Integrated-Vision
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@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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||||||
[#]: translator: (robsean)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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||||||
[#]: url: ( )
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|
||||||
[#]: subject: (How to Update Grub on Ubuntu and Other Linux Distributions)
|
|
||||||
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/update-grub/)
|
|
||||||
[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
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||||||
|
|
||||||
How to Update Grub on Ubuntu and Other Linux Distributions
|
|
||||||
======
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In this tutorial, you’ll learn to update grub on Ubuntu or any other Linux distribution. You’ll also learn a thing or two about how this grub update process works.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### How to update grub
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Ubuntu and many other Linux distributions provide a handy command line utility called update-grub.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To update grub, all you have to do is to run this command in the terminal with sudo.
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||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
sudo update-grub
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You should see an output like this:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
[email protected]:~$ sudo update-grub
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|
||||||
[sudo] password for abhishek:
|
|
||||||
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
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|
||||||
Generating grub configuration file ...
|
|
||||||
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.0.0-37-generic
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||||||
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.0.0-37-generic
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|
||||||
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.0.0-36-generic
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|
||||||
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.0.0-36-generic
|
|
||||||
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.0.0-31-generic
|
|
||||||
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.0.0-31-generic
|
|
||||||
Found Ubuntu 19.10 (19.10) on /dev/sda4
|
|
||||||
Found MX 19 patito feo (19) on /dev/sdb1
|
|
||||||
Adding boot menu entry for EFI firmware configuration
|
|
||||||
done
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You may see a similar command called update-grub2. No need to be alarmed or confused between update-grub and update-grub2. Both of these commands do the same action.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Around ten years ago, when grub2 was just introduced, update-grub2 command was also introduced. Today, update-grub2 is just a symbolic link to update-grub and both update grub2 configuration (because grub2 is the default).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Can’t find update-grub command? Here’s what to do in that case
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
It’s possible that your Linux distribution might not have update-grub command available.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
What do you do in that case? How do you update grub on such a Linux distribution?
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
There is no need to panic. The update-grub command is simply a stub for running ‘grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg’ to generate grub2 config file.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Which means that you can update grub with the following command on any Linux distribution:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Of course, remembering update-grub command is a lot easier than the above command and this is the reason why it was created in the first place.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### How does update-grub work?
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When you install a Linux distribution, it (usually) asks you to install the [grub boot loader][1].
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Part of grub is installed on the MBR/ESP partition. Rest of the grub lies in /boo/grub directory of the Linux distributions.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
As per its [man page][2], update-grub works by looking into the /boot directory. All the files starting with [vmlinuz-][3] will be treated as kernels and they will get a grub menu entry. It will also add initrd lines for [ramdisk][4] images found with the same version as kernels found.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
It also looks into all disk partitions for other operating systems with [os-prober][5]. If it finds other operating systems, it adds them to the grub menu.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
![Representational image of Grub Menu][6]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Why would you need to update grub?
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
There could be a number of scenarios when you need to update grub.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Suppose you changed the grub config file (/etc/default/grub) to [change the default boot order][7] or reduce the default boot time. Your changes won’t take into effect unless you update the grub.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Another scenario is when you have multiple Linux distributions installed on the same system.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For example, on my Intel NUC, I have two disks. The first disk had Ubuntu 19.10 and then I installed Ubuntu 18.04 on it. The second OS (Ubuntu 18.04) also installed its own grub and now the grub screen is controlled by Ubuntu 18.04 grub.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
On the second disk, I installed MX Linux but I didn’t install grub this time. I want the existing grub (controlled by Ubuntu 18.04) to handle all the OS entries.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Now, in this scenario, the grub on Ubuntu 18.04 needs to be updated so that it can see [MX Linux][8].
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
![][9]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
As you can see in the image above, when I update the grub, it finds various Linux kernels installed on 18.04 along with Ubuntu 19.10 and MX Linux on different partition.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If I want MX Linux to control the grub, I can install grub on MX Linux with [grub-install][10] command and then the grub on MX Linux will start controlling the grub screen. You get the gist, right?
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Using a GUI tool like [Grub Customizer][11] is a simpler way to make changes in grub.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**In the end…**
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Initially, I had intended to keep it a short article as a quick tip. But then I thought of explaining a few things associated with it so that (relatively) new Linux users could learn more than just a simple command.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Did you like it? Do you have some questions or suggestions? Please feel free to leave a comment.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/update-grub/
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
|
|
||||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
|
||||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
|
||||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
|
|
||||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
|
||||||
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_GRUB
|
|
||||||
[2]: https://manpages.debian.org/testing/grub-legacy/update-grub.8.en.html
|
|
||||||
[3]: https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/mhhaque/entry/anatomy_of_the_initrd_and_vmlinuz?lang=en
|
|
||||||
[4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_ramdisk
|
|
||||||
[5]: https://packages.debian.org/sid/utils/os-prober
|
|
||||||
[6]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/grub_screen.png?ssl=1
|
|
||||||
[7]: https://itsfoss.com/grub-customizer-ubuntu/
|
|
||||||
[8]: https://mxlinux.org/
|
|
||||||
[9]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/update_grub.png?ssl=1
|
|
||||||
[10]: https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/html_node/Installing-GRUB-using-grub_002dinstall.html
|
|
||||||
[11]: https://itsfoss.com/customize-grub-linux/
|
|
||||||
@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
|
|||||||
|
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||||
|
[#]: translator: (wxy)
|
||||||
|
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||||
|
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||||
|
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||||
|
[#]: subject: (Pop!_OS vs Ubuntu: Which One is Better?)
|
||||||
|
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/pop-os-vs-ubuntu/)
|
||||||
|
[#]: author: (Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Pop!_OS 与 Ubuntu：哪个更棒？
|
||||||
|
======
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
好吧，你可能会发现从[最佳 Linux 发行版][1]列表中选择一个发行版很容易，但是，将两个类似的 Linux 发行版进行比较通常会令人困惑，就像 Pop!_OS 与 Ubuntu 一样。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
有趣的是，Pop!\_OS 基于 [Ubuntu][2]。那么，Pop!\_OS 和 Ubuntu 之间有什么区别呢？为什么要从中选择一个呢？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在本文中，我将比较 Pop!_OS 和 Ubuntu（两者都是我的最爱）。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**注意：**你可能会发现一些武断的观点，而本文只是一份比较的参考。随着 Linux 发行版的不断开发和更新，随着时间的流逝，很多事情都会改变。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 比较 Ubuntu 和 Pop!_OS
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![Pop!_OS Vs Ubuntu][3]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
发现相似之处可帮助你区分其他差异之处。因此，让我们从一些明显的相似之处开始。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
就像我提到的，Pop!\_OS 是基于 Ubuntu 之上的 Linux 发行版。因此，当你使用 Pop!_OS 时，你将获得使用 Ubuntu 的所有好处（从技术上说，其核心是一样的）。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
它们都默认带有 [GNOME 桌面环境][4]，因此它们具有相似的用户界面（UI）。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在不讨论所有底层差异的情况下，我将在这里重点介绍一些重要的差异。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 用户体验及主题
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![Pop!_OS][5]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
许多用户认为 Pop!_OS 只是具有不同外观的 Ubuntu。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
根据我的经验，我觉得这并非完全正确。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
是的，它们俩都很喜欢 [GNOME 桌面环境][4] —— 但是，Pop!_OS 让人感觉更加优美。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
除了外观之外，[Ubuntu 还通过添加程序坞和其他一些小花巧来定制了 GNOME 的体验][6]。如果你喜欢定制的 GNOME 体验，可能会发现它更好。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
但是，如果你更喜欢纯粹的 GNOME 体验，默认情况下 Pop!_OS 会为你提供。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在你亲自尝试之前，我无法说服你。但是，Pop!_OS 中的总体配色方案、图标和主题可以说是令人愉悦的高级用户体验。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
这可能是一个主观的事情，但这是我所观察到的。你还可以查看 Ubuntu 19.10 的视频教程，亲自感受一下。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 易于安装第三方应用
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![Pop Os PPA][7]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Ubuntu 非常重视 Snap 软件包。这增加了它提供的应用程序的数量。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
但是 Snap 软件包存在一些重要的问题。它们占用了过多的磁盘空间，并且启动要花费大量的时间。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
这就是为什么我更喜欢使用应用程序的 APT 版本的原因。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
我为什么要说这个呢？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
因为 Pop!_OS 具有其[自己的官方 PPA][8]，并在默认情况下已启用。你会在此处找到一些有用的应用程序，例如 Android Studio、TensorFlow。无需下载 Android Studio 的 1GB 大的 Snap 程序包。只需使用 [apt-get install][9]就可以了。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 预装应用
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![Ubuntu installation slideshow][10]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
对于某些人来说，它可能不是最大的问题，但是拥有大量预安装的应用程序可能会影响体验和性能。即使不影响性能，某些用户也只喜欢较少的预装应用程序。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
与 Ubuntu 相比，Pop!_OS 捆绑了更少的默认应用程序（潜在地减少了胖软件）。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
再一次提醒，这是主观的看法。如果你希望预安装更多应用程序，则可以考虑使用 Ubuntu 而不是 Pop!_OS。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Snap 软件包支持
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![][11]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
对于熟悉 Snap 程序包的用户来说，Ubuntu 的软件中心是比 Pop!_OS 商店更好的解决方案，因为你可以在软件中心中列出快照程序包。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
你无法在软件中心中过滤快照包，但是当你在软件中心中发现一个 Snap 包（查看应用程序来源的详细信息为“ Snap store ”/“Snapcraft”）时安装它就更容易了。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
如果你感到困惑，Pop!\_OS 也确实支持快照包。但是，你不会在 Pop!_OS 商店中找到它们，这是唯一的区别。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
如果不确定什么是 Snap 软件包及其功能，可以查看我们的文章[在 Linux 上安装 Snap 应用][12]。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 单独的 NVIDIA/AMD ISO 文件
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![ISOs][13]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
从技术上讲，它不是内部比较的一部分，而是某些用户关心的一个因素。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
因此，值得强调的是 Pop!_OS 提供了单独的 ISO。一个用于带 NVIDIA 显卡的系统，另一个用于带/不带 AMD 显卡的系统。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
使用 Ubuntu 19.10，你可以在 Ubuntu ISO 上获得 NVIDIA 驱动程序，但 AMD 显卡没有这个。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 可靠性与问题
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
毫无疑问，这两个[发行版都适合初学者][14]，并且相当可靠。如果你想要更好的可靠性和更少的问题，则可能希望一直用长期支持（LTS）版本。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
当出现新版本的 Ubuntu 时，Pop!_OS 将在其上开发，并有可能解决用户在 Ubuntu 原始发行版上遇到的问题，然后再进行新的升级。这给他们带来了一点优势，但这没什么实质性的不同，因为这些修复最终都可以运用于 Ubuntu。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 性能
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
性能将高度取决于你所安装的内容以及所安装的硬件配置。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
除非你有一个超级旧的系统，否则这两个发行版似乎都表现良好。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
我的机器是 i5-7400 处理器和 16GB 的 RAM（带有 GTX 1050ti 显卡），我发现两种发行版上的体验都足够好。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
当然，你可以手动进行一些优化调整以满足要求——无论它们中的哪个不满足你的硬件配置。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
但是，如果你想使用 System76 笔记本电脑，那么 Pop!\_OS 将可以证明自己是 [Linux 领域的苹果][15]，因为 Pop!_OS 是针对其硬件量身定制的，与 Ubuntu 有所不同。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 硬件兼容性
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在比较其他 Linux 发行版时，这绝对是要考虑的事情。但是，在这种情况下，实际上并没有太大的区别。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
你可能会考虑 Pop!_OS 一直在使用较新的硬件配置，因为他们主要是为他们的笔记本电脑量身定制具有各种配置的 OS。而且，这只是一个观察，而不是事实。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 结语
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
我知道在不亲自尝试的情况下从两个流行的 Linux 发行版中选择一个并不容易。如果可能的话，我建议你在进行比较的同时尝试两者，以供参考。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
你在这两者之间有何选择？我在比较中错过了什么吗？在下面的评论中让我知道。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
via: https://itsfoss.com/pop-os-vs-ubuntu/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
|
||||||
|
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||||
|
译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||||
|
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
|
||||||
|
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||||
|
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/best-linux-distributions/
|
||||||
|
[2]: https://ubuntu.com/
|
||||||
|
[3]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/pop_os_vs_ubuntu.png?ssl=1
|
||||||
|
[4]: https://www.gnome.org/
|
||||||
|
[5]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/pop-os-UI.jpg?ssl=1
|
||||||
|
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/gnome-tricks-ubuntu/
|
||||||
|
[7]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/pop-os-ppa.jpg?ssl=1
|
||||||
|
[8]: https://launchpad.net/~system76/+archive/ubuntu/pop/
|
||||||
|
[9]: https://itsfoss.com/apt-get-linux-guide/
|
||||||
|
[10]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/install-ubuntu-linux-on-intel-nuc-14_tutorial.jpg?resize=800%2C516&ssl=1
|
||||||
|
[11]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/snapcraft.jpg?ssl=1
|
||||||
|
[12]: https://itsfoss.com/install-snap-linux/
|
||||||
|
[13]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/iso-amd-nvidia-pop-os.jpg?ssl=1
|
||||||
|
[14]: https://itsfoss.com/best-linux-beginners/
|
||||||
|
[15]: https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=System76-Integrated-Vision
|
||||||
@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
|
|||||||
|
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||||
|
[#]: translator: (robsean)
|
||||||
|
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||||
|
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||||
|
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||||
|
[#]: subject: (How to Update Grub on Ubuntu and Other Linux Distributions)
|
||||||
|
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/update-grub/)
|
||||||
|
[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
如何在 Ubuntu 和其它 Linux 发行版上更新 Grub
|
||||||
|
======
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在这篇文章中，你将学习在 Ubuntu 或任何其它 Linux 发行版上更新 grub 。你也将学习一个或两个关于如何更新这个 grub 过程的工作的事情。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 如何更新 grub
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Ubuntu 和很多其它的 Linux 发行版提供一个易使用的称为 update-grub 命令行实用程序。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
为更新 grub ，你所要的全部工作就是使用 sudo 在终端中运行这个命令。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
sudo update-grub
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
你应该看到一个像这样的输出：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
[email protected]:~$ sudo update-grub
|
||||||
|
[sudo] password for abhishek:
|
||||||
|
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
|
||||||
|
Generating grub configuration file ...
|
||||||
|
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.0.0-37-generic
|
||||||
|
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.0.0-37-generic
|
||||||
|
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.0.0-36-generic
|
||||||
|
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.0.0-36-generic
|
||||||
|
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.0.0-31-generic
|
||||||
|
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.0.0-31-generic
|
||||||
|
Found Ubuntu 19.10 (19.10) on /dev/sda4
|
||||||
|
Found MX 19 patito feo (19) on /dev/sdb1
|
||||||
|
Adding boot menu entry for EFI firmware configuration
|
||||||
|
done
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
你可能看到一个类似的称为 update-grub2 的命令。不需要在 update-grub 和 update-grub2 之间感到害怕或不知所措。这两个命令执行相同的动作。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
大约在10年前，当 grub2 刚刚被引进时，update-grub2 命令也被引进。现在，update-grub2 只是一个链接到 update-grub 的符号，它们都更新 grub2 配置(因为 grub2 是默认的)。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 不能找到 update-grub 命令？这里是在这种情况下该做什么
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
它可能是，你的 Linux 发行版可能没有可用的 update-grub 命令。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在这种情况下你该做什么？你如何在这样一个 Linux 发行版上更新 grub ？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在这里不需要惊慌。update-grub 命令只是一个存根，用于运行 ‘grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg’ 来生成 grub2 配置文件。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
这意味着你可以在任意 Linux 发行版上使用下面的命令更新 grub ：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
当然，记住 update-grub 命令比上面的命令容易很多，这是为什么它在一开始被创建的原因。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### update-grub 是如何工作的？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
当你安装一个 Linux 发行版时，它(通常)要求你安装 [grub 启动引导程序][1]。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
grub 的一部分安装在 MBR/ESP 分区上。grub 的剩余部分保留在 Linux 发行版的 /boo/grub 目录中。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
依据它的 [man 页面][2]，update-grub 通过查找 /boot 目录来工作。所有以 [vmlinuz-][3] 开头的文件将被作为内核来对待，并且它们将得到一个 grub 菜单项。它也将为与所找到内核版本相同的 [ramdisk][4] 镜像添加 initrd 行。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
它也使用 [os-prober][5] 为其它操作系统查找所有磁盘分区。如果找到其它操作系统，它添加它们到 grub 菜单。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![Representational image of Grub Menu][6]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 为什么你需要更新 grub ？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
当你需要更新 grub 时，可能有很多方案。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
假设你更改 grub 配置文件 (/etc/default/grub) 为 [更改默认启动顺序][7] 或减少默认启动时间。除非你更新 grub ，否则你的更改将不会生效。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
另一种情况是，你在同一个电脑系统上安装多个 Linux 发行。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
例如，在我的 Intel NUC 上，我有两个磁盘。第一个磁盘有 Ubuntu 19.10 ，并且我在其上面安装了 Ubuntu 18.04 。第二个操作系统 (Ubuntu 18.04) 也安装其自己的 grub ，现在 grub 启动屏幕由 Ubuntu 18.04 grub 控制。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在第二个磁盘上，我安装了 MX Linux ，但是这次我没有安装 grub 。我希望现有的 grub (由 Ubuntu 18.04 控制) 来处理所有的操作系统项目。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
现在，在这种情况中，在 Ubuntu 18.04 上的 grub 需要更新，以便它能够看到 [MX Linux][8] 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
![][9]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
如上图所示，当我更新 grub 时，它在 18.04 上找到很多安装的 Linux 内核, 以及在不同的分区上 Ubntu 19.10 和 MX Linux 。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
如果你想 MX Linux 控制 grub ，我可以使用 [grub-install][10] 命令来在 MX Linux 上安装 grub，然后在 MX Linux 上的 grub 将开始控制 grub 启动屏幕。你已经明白这点，对吧？
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Using a GUI tool like使用一个像 [Grub Customizer][11] 的 GUI 工具是在 grub 中进行更改的一种简单的方法。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**最后…**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
最初，我打算保持它为一篇短文作为一种快速提示。但是后来我想解释一些与之相关的东西，以便(相对地)新的 Linux 用户能够学到更多，而不仅仅是一个简单命令。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
你喜欢它吗？你有一些问题或建议吗？请随意发表评论。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
via: https://itsfoss.com/update-grub/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
|
||||||
|
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||||
|
译者：[robsean](https://github.com/robsean)
|
||||||
|
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
|
||||||
|
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||||
|
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_GRUB
|
||||||
|
[2]: https://manpages.debian.org/testing/grub-legacy/update-grub.8.en.html
|
||||||
|
[3]: https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/mhhaque/entry/anatomy_of_the_initrd_and_vmlinuz?lang=en
|
||||||
|
[4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_ramdisk
|
||||||
|
[5]: https://packages.debian.org/sid/utils/os-prober
|
||||||
|
[6]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/grub_screen.png?ssl=1
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[7]: https://itsfoss.com/grub-customizer-ubuntu/
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[8]: https://mxlinux.org/
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[9]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/update_grub.png?ssl=1
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[10]: https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/html_node/Installing-GRUB-using-grub_002dinstall.html
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[11]: https://itsfoss.com/customize-grub-linux/
|
||||||
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user