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[Translated] Linux blkid Command to Find Block Devices Details
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[felixonmars translating...]
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Linux blkid Command to Find Block Devices Details
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================================================================================
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Today we will show you how to use **lsblk** and **blkid** utilities to find out information about block devices and we are using a CentOS 7.0 installed machine.
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**lsblk** is a Linux utility that will display information about all the available block devices on your system. It reads and gathers from them from [the sysfs filesystem][1]. The utility will display information about all block devices (with the exception of RAM disks) in a tree-like format by default.
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### Lsblk default output ###
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By default lsblk will display a tree-like format of the block devices:
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**NAME**
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– the device name
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**MAJ:MIN**
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- Every device on a Linux operating system is represented by a file, for block (disk) devices, they describe the device using major and minor device numbers.
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**RM**
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– removable device – shows 1 if this is a removable device and 0 if it’s not
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**TYPE**
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– the device type
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**MOUNTPOINT**
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- the location where the device is mounted
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**RO**
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– it will display 1 for read-only filesystems and 0 for those that are not read-only
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**SIZE**
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– the size of the device
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### Display the owner of the devices ###
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To display information about the owenership of the device, the user and group that own the file and the mode that the filesystem has been mounted with you can use the –m option like this:
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lsblk –m
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### List the device blocks ###
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If you wish to just list the devices and not show them as a tree you can use the –l option:
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lsblk –l
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### Use in scripts ###
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Advanced tip: if you wish to use this in a script and don’t want to have the heading displayed you can use the –n flag like so:
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lsblk –ln
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The **blkid** program is a command-line utility that displays information about available block devices. It can determine the type of content (e.g. filesystem, swap) a block device holds and also attributes (tokens, NAME=value pairs) from the content metadata (e.g. LABEL or UUID fields). It has two main forms of operation: either searching for a device with a specific NAME=value pair or displaying NAME=value pairs for one or more devices.
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### blkid usage ###
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Simply running blkid without any argument will list all the available devices with their Universally Unique Identifier (UUID), the TYPE of the file-system and the LABEL if it's set.
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# blkid
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### Listing devices based on name or UUID ###
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If you wish to have information displayed only for a specific device you can use the device name as an option after blkid to do so:
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# blkid /dev/sda1
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Also if you know the UUID of a device but don't know the device name and wish to find it out you can use the 0-U option like this:
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# blkid -U d3b1dcc2-e3b0-45b0-b703-d6d0d360e524
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### Detailed information ###
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If you wish to obtain mode detailed information you can use the -p and -o udev option to have it display in a nice format like this:
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# blkid -po udev /dev/sda1
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### Reset cache ###
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Sometimes the device list might not be updated, if you think this is the case you can use the -g option that will perform a garbage collection pass on the blkid cache to remove devices which no longer exist.
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# blkid -g
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://linoxide.com/linux-command/linux-command-lsblk-blkid/
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作者：[Adrian Dinu][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/adriand/
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[1]:https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/filesystems/sysfs.txt
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@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
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用 Linux blkid 命令查找块设备详情
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================================================================================
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今天我们将会向你展示如何使用 **lsblk** 和 **blkid** 工具来查找关于块设备的信息，我们使用的是一台安装了 CentOS 7.0 的机器。
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**lsblk** 是一个 Linux 工具，它会显示有关你系统里所有可用块设备的信息。它从 [sysfs 文件系统][1] 中获取信息。默认情况下，这个工具将会以树状格式显示（除了内存虚拟磁盘外的）所有块设备。
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### lsblk 默认输出 ###
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默认情况下 lsblk 会将块设备输出为树状格式：
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**NAME**
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—— 设备的名称
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**MAJ:MIN**
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—— Linux 操作系统中的每个设备都以一个文件表示，对块（磁盘）设备来说，这里用主次设备编号来描述设备。
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**RM**
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—— 可移动设备。如果这是一个可移动设备将显示 1，否则显示 0。
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**TYPE**
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—— 设备的类型
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**MOUNTPOINT**
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—— 设备挂载的位置
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**RO**
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—— 对于只读文件系统，这里会显示 1，否则显示 0。
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**SIZE**
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—— 设备的容量
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### 显示设备的所有者 ###
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若想显示设备所有者相关的信息，包括文件的所属用户、所属组以及文件系统挂载的模式，你可以使用 -m 选项，像这样：
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lsblk -m
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### 列出设备块 ###
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如果你只想要列出设备，而不想让他们以树状输出，你可以使用 -l 选项：
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lsblk -l
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### 在脚本中使用 ###
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高级技巧：如果你想要在脚本中使用而不希望表头被显示出来，你可以这样使用 -n 选项：
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lsblk -ln
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**blkid** 命令是一个命令行工具，它可以显示关于可用块设备的信息。它可以识别一个块设备内容的类型（如文件系统、交换区）以及从内容的元数据（如卷标或 UUID 字段）中获取属性（如 tokens 和键值对）。它主要有两类作用：用指定的键值对搜索一个设备，或是显示一个或多个设备的键值对。
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### blkid 使用方法 ###
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不添加任何参数直接运行 blkid 将会输出所有可用的设备、它们的通用唯一识别码（UUID）、文件系统类型以及卷标（如果有设置过）。
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# blkid
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### 根据名字或 UUID 列出设备 ###
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如果你只想显示一个特定设备的信息，你可以将该设备的名字作为选项添加在 blkid 后面：
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# blkid /dev/sda1
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如果你知道一个设备的 UUID 而想要知道它的设备名，你可以用 -U 选项，像这样：
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# blkid -U d3b1dcc2-e3b0-45b0-b703-d6d0d360e524
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### 详细信息 ###
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如果你想要获取更多详细信息，你可以使用 -p 和 -o udev 选项来将它们用漂亮的格式显示出来，像这样：
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# blkid -po udev /dev/sda1
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### 重置缓存 ###
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有时候设备列表可能不会更新，如果遇到这种情况你可以使用 -g 选项来清理 blkid 的缓存，从而清除已经不存在的设备。
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# blkid -g
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://linoxide.com/linux-command/linux-command-lsblk-blkid/
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作者：[Adrian Dinu][a]
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译者：[felixonmars](https://github.com/felixonmars)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/adriand/
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[1]:https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/filesystems/sysfs.txt
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