Merge pull request #7805 from fuzheng1998/master

Update 20180201 How I coined the term open source.md

sources/talk/20180201 How I coined the term open source.md

@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
-How I coined the term 'open source'
+[fuzheng1998 tranlating]
+我是如何创造“开源”这个词的
 ============================================================
 
-### Christine Peterson finally publishes her account of that fateful day, 20 years ago.
+### Christine Peterson 最终发布了对于二十年前那决定命运一天的陈述。
 
 ![How I coined the term 'open source'](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/hello-name-sticker-badge-tag.png?itok=fAgbMgBb "How I coined the term 'open source'")
-Image by : opensource.com
+图片来自: opensource.com
 
-In a few days, on February 3, the 20th anniversary of the introduction of the term "[open source software][6]" is upon us. As open source software grows in popularity and powers some of the most robust and important innovations of our time, we reflect on its rise to prominence.
+In a few days, on February 3, the 20th anniversary of the introduction of the term "[开源软件][6]" is upon us. As open source software grows in popularity and powers some of the most robust and important innovations of our time, we reflect on its rise to prominence.
 
 I am the originator of the term "open source software" and came up with it while executive director at Foresight Institute. Not a software developer like the rest, I thank Linux programmer Todd Anderson for supporting the term and proposing it to the group.
 
 This is my account of how I came up with it, how it was proposed, and the subsequent reactions. Of course, there are a number of accounts of the coining of the term, for example by Eric Raymond and Richard Stallman, yet this is mine, written on January 2, 2006.
 
-It has never been published, until today.
+直到今天，它才公诸于世。
 
 * * *
 
@@ -20,13 +21,13 @@ The introduction of the term "open source software" was a deliberate effort to m
 
 This term had long been used in an "intelligence" (i.e., spying) context, but to my knowledge, use of the term with respect to software prior to 1998 has not been confirmed. The account below describes how the term [open source software][7] caught on and became the name of both an industry and a movement.
 
-### Meetings on computer security
+### 计算机安全会议
 
 In late 1997, weekly meetings were being held at Foresight Institute to discuss computer security. Foresight is a nonprofit think tank focused on nanotechnology and artificial intelligence, and software security is regarded as central to the reliability and security of both. We had identified free software as a promising approach to improving software security and reliability and were looking for ways to promote it. Interest in free software was starting to grow outside the programming community, and it was increasingly clear that an opportunity was coming to change the world. However, just how to do this was unclear, and we were groping for strategies.
 
 At these meetings, we discussed the need for a new term due to the confusion factor. The argument was as follows: those new to the term "free software" assume it is referring to the price. Oldtimers must then launch into an explanation, usually given as follows: "We mean free as in freedom, not free as in beer." At this point, a discussion on software has turned into one about the price of an alcoholic beverage. The problem was not that explaining the meaning is impossible—the problem was that the name for an important idea should not be so confusing to newcomers. A clearer term was needed. No political issues were raised regarding the free software term; the issue was its lack of clarity to those new to the concept.
 
-### Releasing Netscape
+### 网景发布
 
 On February 2, 1998, Eric Raymond arrived on a visit to work with Netscape on the plan to release the browser code under a free-software-style license. We held a meeting that night at Foresight's office in Los Altos to strategize and refine our message. In addition to Eric and me, active participants included Brian Behlendorf, Michael Tiemann, Todd Anderson, Mark S. Miller, and Ka-Ping Yee. But at that meeting, the field was still described as free software or, by Brian, "source code available" software.
 
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ Between meetings that week, I was still focused on the need for a better name an
 
 Todd had agreed strongly about the need for a new term and offered to assist in getting the term introduced. This was helpful because, as a non-programmer, my influence within the free software community was weak. My work in nanotechnology education at Foresight was a plus, but not enough for me to be taken very seriously on free software questions. As a Linux programmer, Todd would be listened to more closely.
 
-### The key meeting
+### 关键的会议
 
 Later that week, on February 5, 1998, a group was assembled at VA Research to brainstorm on strategy. Attending—in addition to Eric Raymond, Todd, and me—were Larry Augustin, Sam Ockman, and attending by phone, Jon "maddog" Hall.
 
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ But I was elated. These were some key leaders in the community, and they liked t
 
 For the name to succeed, it was necessary, or at least highly desirable, that Tim O'Reilly agree and actively use it in his many projects on behalf of the community. Also helpful would be use of the term in the upcoming official release of the Netscape Navigator code. By late February, both O'Reilly & Associates and Netscape had started to use the term.
 
-### Getting the name out
+### 名字的诞生
 
 After this, there was a period during which the term was promoted by Eric Raymond to the media, by Tim O'Reilly to business, and by both to the programming community. It seemed to spread very quickly.
 
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ Coming up with a phrase is a small contribution, but I admit to being grateful t
 
 The big credit for persuading the community goes to Eric Raymond and Tim O'Reilly, who made it happen. Thanks to them for crediting me, and to Todd Anderson for his role throughout. The above is not a complete account of open source history; apologies to the many key players whose names do not appear. Those seeking a more complete account should refer to the links in this article and elsewhere on the net.
 
-### About the author
+### 关于作者
 
  [![photo of Christine Peterson](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/profile_pictures/public/pictures/cp2016_crop2_185.jpg?itok=vUkSjFig)][13] Christine Peterson - Christine Peterson writes, lectures, and briefs the media on coming powerful technologies, especially nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and longevity. She is Cofounder and Past President of Foresight Institute, the leading nanotech public interest group. Foresight educates the public, technical community, and policymakers on coming powerful technologies and how to guide their long-term impact. She serves on the Advisory Board of the [Machine Intelligence... ][2][more about Christine Peterson][3][More about me][4]
 
@@ -100,4 +101,4 @@ via: https://opensource.com/article/18/2/coining-term-open-source-software
 [13]:https://opensource.com/users/christine-peterson
 [14]:https://opensource.com/users/christine-peterson
 [15]:https://opensource.com/users/christine-peterson
-[16]:https://opensource.com/article/18/2/coining-term-open-source-software#comments
+[16]:https://opensource.com/article/18/2/coining-term-open-source-software#comments