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sources/tech/20191006 How to Install and Configure VNC Server on Centos 8 - RHEL 8.md
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (How to Install and Configure VNC Server on Centos 8 / RHEL 8)
[#]: via: (https://www.linuxtechi.com/install-configure-vnc-server-centos8-rhel8/)
[#]: author: (Pradeep Kumar https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/pradeep/)
How to Install and Configure VNC Server on Centos 8 / RHEL 8
======
A **VNC** (Virtual Network Computing) Server is a GUI based desktop sharing platform that allows you to access remote desktop machines. In **Centos 8** and **RHEL 8** systems, VNC servers are not installed by default and need to be installed manually. In this article, we’ll look at how to install VNC Server on CentOS 8 / RHEL 8 systems with a simple step-by-step installation guide.
### Prerequisites to Install VNC Server on Centos 8 / RHEL 8
To install VNC Server in your system, make sure you have the following requirements readily available on your system:
* CentOS 8 / RHEL 8
* GNOME Desktop Environment
* Root access
* DNF / YUM Package repositories
### Step by Step Guide to Install VNC Server on Centos 8 / RHEL 8
### Step 1)  Install GNOME Desktop environment
Before installing VNC Server in your CentOS 8 / RHEL 8, make sure you have a desktop Environment (DE) installed. In case GNOME desktop is already installed or you have installed your server with gui option then you can skip this step.
In CentOS 8 / RHEL 8, GNOME is the default desktop environment. if you don’t have it in your system, install it using the following command:
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf groupinstall "workstation"
Or
[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf groupinstall "Server with GUI
```
Once the above packages are installed successfully then run the following command to enable the graphical mode
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl set-default graphical
```
Now reboot the system so that we get GNOME login screen.
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# reboot
```
Once the system is rebooted successfully uncomment the line “**WaylandEnable=false**” from the file “**/etc/gdm/custom.conf**” so that remote desktop session request via vnc is handled by xorg of GNOME desktop in place of wayland display manager.
**Note:** Wayland is the default display manager (GDM) in GNOME and it not is configured to handled remote rendering API like X.org
### Step 2) Install VNC Server (tigervnc-server)
Next we’ll install the VNC Server, there are lot of VNC Servers available, and for installation purposes, we’ll be installing **TigerVNC Server**. It is one of the most popular VNC Server and a high-performance and platform-independent VNC that allows users to interact with remote machines easily.
Now install TigerVNC Server using the following command:
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf install tigervnc-server tigervnc-server-module -y
```
### Step 3) Set VNC Password for Local User
Let’s assume we want ‘pkumar’ user to use VNC for remote desktop session, then switch to the user and set its password using vncpasswd command,
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# su - pkumar
[root@linuxtechi ~]$ vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:
Would you like to enter a view-only password (y/n)? n
A view-only password is not used
[root@linuxtechi ~]$
[root@linuxtechi ~]$ exit
logout
[root@linuxtechi ~]#
```
### Step 4) Setup VNC Server Configuration File
Next step is to configure VNC Server Configuration file. Create a file “**/etc/systemd/system/[root@linuxtechi][1]**” with the following content so that tigervnc-server’s service started for above local user “pkumar”.
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# vim /etc/systemd/system/root@linuxtechi
[Unit]
Description=Remote Desktop VNC Service
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
WorkingDirectory=/home/pkumar
User=pkumar
Group=pkumar
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/usr/bin/vncserver -autokill %i
ExecStop=/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
```
Save and exit the file,
**Note:** Replace the user name in above file which suits to your setup.
By default, VNC server listen on tcp port 5900+n, where n is the display number, if the display number is “1” then VNC server will listen its request on TCP port 5901.
### Step 5) Start VNC Service and allow port in firewall
I am using display number as 1, so use the following commands to start and enable vnc service on display number “1”,
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl start root@linuxtechi:1.service
[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl enable vnroot@linuxtechi:1.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/root@linuxtechi:1.service → /etc/systemd/system/root@linuxtechi
[root@linuxtechi ~]#
```
Use below **netstat** or **ss** command to verify whether VNC server start listening its request on 5901,
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# netstat -tunlp | grep 5901
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5901 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 8169/Xvnc
tcp6 0 0 :::5901 :::* LISTEN 8169/Xvnc
[root@linuxtechi ~]# ss -tunlp | grep -i 5901
tcp LISTEN 0 5 0.0.0.0:5901 0.0.0.0:* users:(("Xvnc",pid=8169,fd=6))
tcp LISTEN 0 5 [::]:5901 [::]:* users:(("Xvnc",pid=8169,fd=7))
[root@linuxtechi ~]#
```
Use below systemctl command to verify the status of VNC server,
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl status root@linuxtechi:1.service
```
![vncserver-status-centos8-rhel8][2]
Above command’s output confirms that VNC is started successfully on port tcp port 5901. Use the following command allow VNC Server port “5901” in os firewall,
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5901/tcp
success
[root@linuxtechi ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@linuxtechi ~]#
```
### Step 6) Connect to Remote Desktop Session
Now we are all set to see if the remote desktop connection is working. To access the remote desktop, Start the VNC Viewer from your Windows  / Linux workstation and enter your **VNC server IP Address** and **Port Number** and then hit enter
[![VNC-Viewer-Windows10][2]][3]
Next, it will ask for your VNC password. Enter the password that you have created earlier for your local user and click OK to continue
[![VNC-Viewer-Connect-CentOS8-RHEL8-VNC-Server][2]][4]
Now you can see the remote desktop,
[![VNC-Desktop-Screen-CentOS8][2]][5]
That’s it, you’ve successfully installed VNC Server in Centos 8 / RHEL 8.
**Conclusion**
Hope the step-by-step guide to install VNC server on Centos 8 / RHEL 8 has provided you with all the information to easily setup VNC Server and access remote desktops. Please provide your comments and suggestion in the feedback section below. See you in the next article…Until then a big THANK YOU and BYE for now!!!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.linuxtechi.com/install-configure-vnc-server-centos8-rhel8/
作者：[Pradeep Kumar][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/pradeep/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection
[2]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
[3]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/VNC-Viewer-Windows10.jpg
[4]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/VNC-Viewer-Connect-CentOS8-RHEL8-VNC-Server.jpg
[5]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/VNC-Desktop-Screen-CentOS8.jpg

192
translated/tech/20191006 How to Install and Configure VNC Server on Centos 8 - RHEL 8.md Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (How to Install and Configure VNC Server on Centos 8 / RHEL 8)
[#]: via: (https://www.linuxtechi.com/install-configure-vnc-server-centos8-rhel8/)
[#]: author: (Pradeep Kumar https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/pradeep/)
如何在 Centos 8 / RHEL 8 上安装和配置 VNC 服务器
======
**VNC**（虚拟网络计算）服务器是基于 GUI 的桌面共享平台，它可让你访问远程桌面计算机。在 **Centos 8** 和 **RHEL 8** 系统中，默认未安装 VNC 服务器，它需要手动安装。在本文中，我们将通过简单的分步指南，介绍如何在 Centos 8 / RHEL 8 上安装 VNC 服务器。
### 在 Centos 8 / RHEL 8 上安装 VNC 服务器的先决要求
要在你的系统中安装 VNC 服务器，请确保你的系统满足以下要求：
* CentOS 8 / RHEL 8
* GNOME 桌面环境
* 根用户权限
* DNF / YUM 软件包仓库
### 在 Centos 8 / RHEL 8 上安装 VNC 服务器的分步指导
### 步骤 1）安装 GNOME 桌面环境
在 CentOS 8 / RHEL 8 中安装 VNC 服务器之前，请确保已安装了桌面环境 （DE）。如果已经安装了 GNOME 桌面或安装了 GUI 支持，那么可以跳过此步骤。
在CentOS 8 / RHEL 8 中，GNOME 是默认的桌面环境。如果你的系统中没有它，请使用以下命令进行安装：
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf groupinstall "workstation"
或者
[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf groupinstall "Server with GUI
```
成功安装上面的包后，请运行以下命令启用图形模式
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl set-default graphical
```
现在重启系统，进入 GNOME 登录页面。
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# reboot
```
重启后，请取消注释 “**/etc/gdm/custom.conf**” 中的 “**WaylandEnable=false**”，以使通过 vnc 进行的远程桌面会话请求由 GNOME 桌面的 xorg 处理，来代替 Wayland 显示管理器。
**注意：** Wayland 是 GNOME 中的默认显示管理器 （GDM），并且未配置用于处理 X.org 等远程渲染的 API。
### 步骤 2）安装 VNC 服务器（tigervnc-server）
接下来，我们将安装 VNC 服务器，有很多 VNC 服务器可以选择，出于安装目的，我们将安装 **TigerVNC 服务器**。它是最受欢迎的 VNC 服务器之一，并且高性能还独立于平台，它使用户可以轻松地与远程计算机进行交互。
现在，使用以下命令安装 TigerVNC 服务器：
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf install tigervnc-server tigervnc-server-module -y
```
### 步骤 3）为本地用户设置 VNC 密码
假设我们希望用户 “pkumar” 使用 VNC 进行远程桌面会话，然后切换到该用户并使用 vncpasswd 命令设置其密码，
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# su - pkumar
[root@linuxtechi ~]$ vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:
Would you like to enter a view-only password (y/n)? n
A view-only password is not used
[root@linuxtechi ~]$
[root@linuxtechi ~]$ exit
logout
[root@linuxtechi ~]#
```
### 步骤 4）设置 VNC 服务器配置文件
下一步是配置 VNC 服务器配置文件。创建含以下内容的 “**/etc/systemd/system/[root@linuxtechi][1]**”，以便为上面的本地用户 “pkumar” 启动 tigervnc-server 的服务。
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# vim /etc/systemd/system/root@linuxtechi
[Unit]
Description=Remote Desktop VNC Service
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
WorkingDirectory=/home/pkumar
User=pkumar
Group=pkumar
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/usr/bin/vncserver -autokill %i
ExecStop=/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
```
保存并退出文件，
**注意：**替换上面文件中的用户名为你自己的。
默认情况下，VNC 服务器在 tcp 端口 5900+n 上监听，其中 n 是显示号，如果显示数字为“ 1”，那么 VNC 服务器将在 TCP 端口 5901 上监听其请求。
### 步骤 5）启动 VNC 服务并允许防火墙中的端口
我将显示号设置为 1，因此请使用以下命令在显示号 “1” 上启动并启用 vnc 服务，
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl start root@linuxtechi:1.service
[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl enable vnroot@linuxtechi:1.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/root@linuxtechi:1.service → /etc/systemd/system/root@linuxtechi
[root@linuxtechi ~]#
```
使用下面的 **netstat** 或 **ss** 命令来验证 VNC 服务器是否开始监听 5901 上的请求，
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# netstat -tunlp | grep 5901
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5901 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 8169/Xvnc
tcp6 0 0 :::5901 :::* LISTEN 8169/Xvnc
[root@linuxtechi ~]# ss -tunlp | grep -i 5901
tcp LISTEN 0 5 0.0.0.0:5901 0.0.0.0:* users:(("Xvnc",pid=8169,fd=6))
tcp LISTEN 0 5 [::]:5901 [::]:* users:(("Xvnc",pid=8169,fd=7))
[root@linuxtechi ~]#
```
使用下面的 systemctl 命令验证 VNC 服务器的状态，
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl status root@linuxtechi:1.service
```
![vncserver-status-centos8-rhel8][2]
上面命令的输出确认在 tcp 端口 5901 上成功启动了 VNC。使用以下命令在系统防火墙中允许 VNC 服务器端口 “5901”，
```
[root@linuxtechi ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5901/tcp
success
[root@linuxtechi ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@linuxtechi ~]#
```
### 步骤 6）连接到远程桌面会话
现在，我们已经准备就绪，可以查看远程桌面连接是否正常工作。要访问远程桌面，请在 Windows / Linux 工作站中启动 VNC Viewer，然后输入 **VNC 服务器 IP 地址**和**端口号**，然后按回车。
[![VNC-Viewer-Windows10][2]][3]
接下来，它将询问你的 VNC 密码。输入你先前为本地用户创建的密码，然后单击 “OK” 继续。
[![VNC-Viewer-Connect-CentOS8-RHEL8-VNC-Server][2]][4]
现在你可以看到远程桌面，
[![VNC-Desktop-Screen-CentOS8][2]][5]
就是这样，你已经在 Centos 8 / RHEL 8 中成功安装了 VNC 服务器。
**总结**
希望在 Centos 8 / RHEL 8 上安装 VNC 服务器的分步指南为你提供了轻松设置 VNC 服务器并访问远程桌面的所有信息。请在下面的评论栏中提供你的意见和建议。下篇文章再见。谢谢再见！！！
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.linuxtechi.com/install-configure-vnc-server-centos8-rhel8/
作者：[Pradeep Kumar][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/pradeep/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection
[2]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
[3]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/VNC-Viewer-Windows10.jpg
[4]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/VNC-Viewer-Connect-CentOS8-RHEL8-VNC-Server.jpg
[5]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/VNC-Desktop-Screen-CentOS8.jpg