diff --git a/sources/tech/20221109.5 ⭐️ How to Find Systemd or Any Other init System in Linux.md b/sources/tech/20221109.5 ⭐️ How to Find Systemd or Any Other init System in Linux.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a4815bb415 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20221109.5 ⭐️ How to Find Systemd or Any Other init System in Linux.md @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +[#]: subject: "How to Find Systemd or Any Other init System in Linux" +[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/systemd-or-init/" +[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/" +[#]: collector: "lkxed" +[#]: translator: " " +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +How to Find Systemd or Any Other init System in Linux +====== + +**Here’s how you can determine if you are running systems or any other init system in your Linux distribution.** + +The first process, which starts when you boot up your Linux distribution, is called init (short for initialization). It has the process identifier 1 (i.e. pid=1). All the processes and applications in your Unix-based system are direct descendants of this init process. + +Based on functionality and features, different types of init processes are present. For example, [systemd][1], Runit, OpenRC, sysVinit, etc. Among those, the systemd is the most popular and modern one, which is used and adopted by all the modern Linux distributions, including Ubuntu and Fedora. + +There are ongoing debates about Systemd and its performance compared to the traditional Unix-based init systems. But that’s a topic for another article. + +let’s find out how you can determine whether you are running a systemd or any other init system in your Linux distribution. + +### Systemd or what init system? + +Unfortunately, there’s no direct command to find it out. You can trace it back from the init process id=1, which is basically a symbolic link to `/sbin/init` i.e. pid=1. + +Use `[strings][2]` command to print the text embedded in the binary file `/sbin/init` & search for init with the following command. + +``` +strings /sbin/init | grep init +``` + +**Example 1**: In this below output where it’s a sysVinit system running Debian (via Peppermint OS). As you can see, it clearly shows the init process name. + +``` +strings /sbin/init | grep init +``` + +![example showing the init is used and not systemd][3] + +If you find systemd in the same above system, there won’t be any entries. Hence you can conclude that you are running sysvinit and not systemd. + +**Example 2**: If you run the above command in a systemd system, you can easily see the systemd and its version at the first line of the output. + +``` +strings /sbin/init | grep systemd +``` + +![example showing it uses systemd][4] + +**Example 3**: You can also try to print the process tree using `pstree` command, which should show you the first process name. It should be either systemd or init, as shown in the below example. + +``` +pstree +``` + +![pstree is showing systemd is used][5] + +![pstree is showing init is used][6] + +That’s it. This is how you can easily find out whether your distro uses systemd or something else. + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.debugpoint.com/systemd-or-init/ + +作者:[Arindam][a] +选题:[lkxed][b] +译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/ +[b]: https://github.com/lkxed +[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/tag/systemd +[2]: https://linux.die.net/man/1/strings +[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/example-showing-the-init-is-used-and-not-systemd.jpg +[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/example-showing-it-uses-systemd.jpg +[5]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/pstree-is-showing-systemd-is-used.jpg +[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/pstree-is-showing-init-is-used.jpg