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[#]: subject: "Best Open Source Email Servers"
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/open-source-email-servers/"
[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/"
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
[#]: translator: "ChatGPT"
[#]: reviewer: "wxy"
[#]: publisher: "wxy"
[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-15982-1.html"
最佳开源电子邮件服务器
======
![][0]
> 这是一份可以用于发送/接收电子邮件并存储邮件的开源邮件服务器列表。
无论你使用何种 [电子邮件客户端][1]，使用像 Gmail、Proton Mail 和 Outlook 这样的电子邮件服务非常方便。
为了实现这一切，你利用的是它们的邮件服务器进行电子邮件传输。因此，你的电子邮件的安全性、可靠性和隐私性取决于他人。
但是，如果你希望拥有自己的电子邮件基础设施并控制数据，那么你需要一个开源电子邮件服务器来解决这个问题。
让我解释得更清楚一些，电子邮件服务器可以让你：
- 构建自己的邮件后端以存储电子邮件帐户
- 通过自托管来掌控安全性和可靠性
- 在你首选的服务器架构上进行托管
- 让你能够创建无限数量的帐户
当然，这些并不适用于终端用户。中小型企业的系统管理员和自托管者才能用得上这些软件。
考虑到你现在对开源电子邮件服务器的好处有了一定了解，下面是一些你可以找到的最佳选项：
> 📋 这个列表包括邮件服务器和一些能够构建/创建邮件服务器的解决方案。其中一些可能提供托管服务，而另一些可以进行自托管。
### 1、Postal
[Postal][3] 是一个功能丰富的邮件服务器，可供网站和服务器使用。它专为**出站邮件**而设计，没有邮箱管理功能。（LCTT 译注：出站邮件指外发邮件，入站邮件指接收邮件供邮件客户端收取。）
它的 [文档][4] 对于入门非常有帮助。你可以使用 Docker 在服务器上配置 Postal。
使用 Postal，你可以为多个组织创建邮件服务器/用户，访问出站/入站消息队列，实时的递交信息，并使用内置功能确保电子邮件能够传递。
主要亮点：
- 实时的递交信息
- 点击和打开追踪
- 专为出站邮件设计
> 🚧 维护和配置你的电子邮件服务器并非易事。只有在全面了解可靠地发送/接收电子邮件所需的一切情况下，才应继续设置邮件服务器。
### 2、mailcow
![mailcow 用户界面][5]
[mailcow][6] 是一个邮件服务器套件，其中包含帮助你构建 Web 服务器、管理邮箱等工具。
如果你不打算发送交易性电子邮件，mailcow 可以助你一臂之力。你可以将其视为一个团队协作工具。
（LCTT 译注：交易性电子邮件是指促进商业交易或关系的电子邮件，或提供关于正在进行的商业交易的最新信息。常见的例子包括： 订单确认、通知电子邮件等，例如，运输确认和更新，或订单退款。）
与其他邮件服务器一样，它与 Docker 搭配使用，每个容器是一个应用程序，它们之间相互连接。
mailcow 的 Web 用户界面可让你在一个地方完成所有操作。你可以在其 [GitHub 页面][7] 或 [文档][8] 中了解更多关于该项目的信息。
主要亮点：
- 易于管理和更新
- 可提供经济实惠的付费支持
- 如果需要，可以与其他邮件服务器配合使用
### 3、Cuttlefish
![Cuttlefish][9]
想要一个简单的交易性邮件服务器吗？[Cuttlefish][10] 是一个简单易用的开源邮件服务器。
你可以通过简单的 Web 用户界面查看统计数据，监控出站邮件。
与一些完整的电子邮件服务（如 SendGrid 或 Mailgun）相比，Cuttlefish 在功能方面可能没有那么全面，**它目前仍处于测试阶段（beta）**。如果你需要超级简单且可靠的解决方案，可以选择它。
在其 [GitHub 页面][11] 上了解更多信息。
主要亮点：
- 简单的交易性邮件服务器
- 简单易用
### 4、Apache James
![Apache James][12]
[James][13] 是 “Java Apache Mail Enterprise Server” 的缩写。
顾名思义，James 是一个使用 Java 构建的面向企业的开源邮件服务器。根据需求，你可以将该邮件服务器用作 SMTP 中继或 IMAP 服务器。
与其他邮件服务器相比，James 可能不是最容易配置或安装的。但是，你可以查看其 [文档][14] 或 [GitHub 页面][15] 来自行评判。
主要亮点：
- 配置完成后易于管理
- 可靠，并被开源企业使用
- 分布式服务器
### 5、Haraka
[Haraka][16] 是一个使用 Node.js 构建的现代开源 SMTP 服务器。如果你可以为你的业务/网站构建它，你就不需要寻找其他 [SMTP 服务][17]。
这个邮件服务器专为提供最佳性能而设计。Haraka 的一个亮点是，它具有模块化插件系统，允许程序员根据需要更改服务器的行为。
你可以将其视为一款出色的可扩展的出站邮件递交服务器。一些知名的网站如 Craigslist 和 DuckDuckGo Email Protection 就使用了 Haraka。
在其 [GitHub 页面][18] 上可以了解更多信息。
主要亮点：
- 使用 Node.js 构建
- 插件系统以扩展功能
### 6、Modoboa
![][19]
[Modoboa][20] 是一个多合一的开源解决方案。
它可以帮助你构建邮件服务器，并为你管理电子邮件帐户。你可以创建日历，无限制添加域名，创建过滤规则和访问 Webmail。如果你希望获得专业帮助来设置和管理系统，Modoboa 还提供付费维护选项。
除了是一个多功能解决方案外，它还提供了一种快速入门的方式来构建你的电子邮件基础架构。
主要亮点：
- 全能选项
- 提供付费帮助
- 内置监控功能
### 7、Postfix
Postfix 是一种 <ruby>邮件传输代理<rt>Mail Transfer Agent</rt></ruby>（MTA）。它本身可能不是一个独立的服务器，但它可以与其他一些解决方案配合使用来构建电子邮件服务器。
虽然 mailcow 包含了 [Postfix][21]（你可以将其配置与类似的解决方案一起使用），但你也可以根据你的使用情况选择单独使用它。在 Ubuntu 服务器中，Postfix 也是默认的邮件传输代理。
Postfix 可以用作外部 SMTP。不要忘记，你还可以设置 Postfix 与 Gmail [配合使用][22]。Postfix 容易配置，并且其文档对于使用它非常有用。
主要亮点：
- 易于配置
- 灵活
### 8、Maddy
[Maddy][23] 是一个轻量级邮件服务器实现的不错选择。官方描述称它是一款“_可组合的一体化邮件服务器_”。
与 mailcow 相比较，你会发现 Maddy 提供了一些与 mailcow 相同的功能，也就是说它不仅仅局限于出站邮件等功能。
Maddy 在使用场景上非常受欢迎，它可以用单一实现替代多个选项，如 Postfix。你可以通过 SMTP 和 IMAP 使用 Maddy 进行发送、接收和存储消息。文章撰写时，存储功能仍处于测试阶段（beta）。
主要亮点：
- 轻量级
- 替代多种用例，比如 Postfix 等选项
- 不依赖 Docker
### 9、Dovecot
[Dovecot][24] 是一个开源的 IMAP 服务器，作为 <ruby>邮件传递代理<rt>Mail Delivery Agent</rt></ruby>（MDA）发挥作用。它可以与 Postfix 一起工作，因为它们执行不同的任务。
与其他解决方案相比，Dovecot 提供了易于管理、可靠的电子邮件发送功能和自我修复能力。
对于大型基础设施，Dovecot 提供了专业支持的高级方案。
主要亮点：
- 易于管理
- 自我修复能力
- 专注于性能
### 10、Poste.io
![Poste.io 邮件服务器][25]
[Poste.io][26] 使用了邮件服务器解决方案，如 Haraku、Dovecot 和其他开源组件。从垃圾邮件过滤工具到防病毒引擎，应有尽有。
如果你想使用其中一些组件设置一个开源邮件服务器，并能够轻松管理和保护系统，Poste.io 是一个很好的选择。
主要亮点：
- 使用多个开源邮件服务器组件进行易管理和构建
- 管理面板界面
### 11、iRedMail
[iRedMail][27] 类似于 mailcow，它帮助你使用各种开源组件构建邮件服务器。你还可以使用创建的邮件服务器管理你的日历。
尽管你可以自行设置，但如果需要，它也提供付费的专业支持。
你将获得一个 Web 面板，在支持的 Linux 发行版上进行托管，并能够创建无限数量的账户。
主要亮点：
- 简单易用
- Web 面板进行易管理
### 12、Mailu
![Mailu 邮件服务器][28]
[Mailu][29] 是一个基于 Docker 的邮件服务器，可以为你提供最好的服务，同时限制了一些功能。
这并不意味着它不好；Mailu 的目标是专注于必要功能，而不添加对大多数人无用的许多功能。即便如此，它仍然通过添加 ARM 支持、Kubernetes 支持和其他一些功能而脱颖而出。
你将获得一个标准的邮件服务器、高级电子邮件功能、Web 管理界面和注重隐私的功能。
主要亮点：
- 简单的界面
- 关注于功能而不是花俏的解决方案
- ARM 支持
### 准备构建和管理你的邮件服务器了吗？
使用开源工具和邮件服务器，你可以掌握你的数据，并为你的业务或网站管理/优化电子邮件通信。
正如我所提到的，这需要很多工作。因此，如果你希望拥有定制化的体验并且有一个可以负责的团队，那么开源自托管的邮件服务器是可行的选择。
💬 当然，还有很多其他选项可供选择，比如 [mail in a box][30]，可以帮助你快速部署邮件服务器。
在这里，我们尝试为你挑选最佳选择以供参考。你最喜欢的开源邮件服务器是什么？
*（题图：MJ/f85c5c41-a598-4382-8821-73c701fc842b）*
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/open-source-email-servers/
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
选题：[lkxed][b]
译者：ChatGPT
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/best-email-clients-linux/
[2]: https://www.youtube.com/embed/d1Lzw_Q_fJQ?feature=oembed
[3]: https://github.com/postalserver/postal
[4]: https://docs.postalserver.io/
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/mailcow-ui.jpg
[6]: https://mailcow.email/
[7]: https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized
[8]: https://docs.mailcow.email/
[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cuttlefish-ui.png
[10]: https://cuttlefish.io/
[11]: https://github.com/mlandauer/cuttlefish
[12]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/james.jpg
[13]: https://james.apache.org/
[14]: https://james.apache.org/server/install.html
[15]: https://github.com/apache/james-project
[16]: https://haraka.github.io/
[17]: https://linuxhandbook.com/smtp-services/
[18]: https://github.com/haraka/Haraka
[19]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/modoboa.jpg
[20]: https://modoboa.org/en/
[21]: https://www.postfix.org/
[22]: https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/configure-postfix-to-send-mail-using-gmail-and-google-workspace-on-debian-or-ubuntu/
[23]: https://maddy.email/
[24]: https://www.dovecot.org/
[25]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/poste-mailserver.png
[26]: https://poste.io/
[27]: https://www.iredmail.org/
[28]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/mailu.png
[29]: https://mailu.io/2.0/
[30]: https://mailinabox.email/
[0]: https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202307/09/191748lhcbs9syshhdszbg.jpg

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[#]: subject: "Best Open Source Email Servers"
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/open-source-email-servers/"
[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/"
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "
Best Open Source Email Servers
======
It is convenient to use email services like Gmail, Proton Mail, and Outlook to send and receive emails, no matter what [email client][1] you use.
And, for all of that, you utilize their mail servers for email transactions. So, your emails' security, reliability, and privacy depend on someone else.
But what if you want to own your email infrastructure and have the data in your control? You need an open-source email server, which should solve your problem.
If you are still curious, an email server lets you:
- **Build your mail backend to store email accounts**
- **Take control of the security and reliability by self-hosting**
- **Host on your preferred server architecture**
- **It gives you the ability to make unlimited accounts**
Of course, this is not for the end users. Sysadmins in small to midscale businesses, self hosters will find these software interesting.
Considering now you have an idea of the benefits of an open-source email server, here are some of the best options that you can find:
> 📋 The list includes mail servers and some solutions that make it possible to build/create an email server. Some might offer managed services and others can be self-hosted.
### 1. Postal
![YouTube Video][1]
[Postal][3] is a feature-rich mail server that can be utilized by websites and servers. It is **tailored for outgoing emails** with no mailbox management features.
The [documentation][4] is helpful to get started with all the essentials. You can utilize a docker and configure Postal on your server.
With Postal, you can create mail servers/users for multiple organizations, access outgoing/incoming message queue, real-time delivery information, and built-in features to ensure emails get delivered.
**Key Highlights:**
- Real-time delivery information
- Click and open the tracking
- Tailored for outgoing emails
> 🚧 Maintaining and configuring your email server is not an easy task. You should only proceed with setting up a mail server if you know all it takes to send/receive emails reliably.
### 2. mailcow
![mailcow ui][5]
[mailcow][6] is a mail server suite with tools that help you build a web server, manage your mailbox, and more.
If you are not looking to send transactional emails, mailcow has your back. You can consider it as a groupware.
Like other mail servers, it works with Docker, where each container represents an application, all connected.
mailcow's web interface lets you do everything from a single place. You can explore more about the project on its [GitHub page][7] or [documentation][8].
**Key Highlights:**
- Easy to manage and update
- Affordable paid support
- Can be coupled with other mail servers if needed
### 3. Cuttlefish
![cuttlefish][9]
Want a simple transactional email server? [Cuttlefish][10] is a no-nonsense open-source mail server that is incredibly easy to use.
You get a simple web UI to check the stats and keep an eye on your outgoing emails.
Compared to some full-fledged email services like Sendgird or Mailgun, Cuttlefish does not offer all kinds of features, **considering it is in beta** at the time. You can only opt for it if you need something super simple and you want to work reliably.
Explore more about it on its [GitHub page][11].
**Key Highlights**
- Simple transactional email server
- Easy to use
### 4. Apache James
![apache james][12]
[James][13] is short for **Java Apache Mail Enterprise Server**.
As the name suggests, it is an enterprise-focused open source mail server built with Java. You can use the email server as SMTP relay or an IMAP server, as per requirements.
Compared to others, James may not be the easiest to configure or install. However, you can look at its [documentation][14] or [GitHub page][15] to judge for yourself.
**Key Highlights:**
- Easy administration after setup
- Reliable and used by open-source enterprises
- Distributed server
### 5. Haraka
[Haraka][16] is a modern open source SMTP server built with Node.js. If you can build it for your business/website, you do not need to look for other [SMTP services][17].
The mail server is tailored to provide the best performance. One of the highlights of Haraka is that it features a modular plugin system that will allow programmers to change the server's behavior to their heart's extent.
You can consider it an excellent scalable outbound mail delivery server. Some popular names like Craigslist and DuckDuckGo Email Protection make use of Haraka.
Explore more about it on its [GitHub page][18].
**Key Highlights:**
- Built using Node.js
- Plugin system to extend functionalities
### 6. Modoboa
![][19]
[Modoboa][20] is an all-in-one open-source solution.
It can help you build a mail server and give you the ability to manage your emails. You can create calendars, add unlimited domains, create filtering rules, and access webmail. Modoboa also provides paid maintenance options if you want their professional help setting it up and managing it.
Not just an all-rounder solution, but it offers a quick way to get started with your email infrastructure.
**Key Highlights:**
- All-in-one option
- Paid assistance available
- Built-in monitoring
### 7. Postfix
Postfix is a Mail Transfer Agent. It may not be a server on its own, but it couples with some other solutions that help you build an email server.
While mailcow includes [Postfix][21] (and you can configure it along with similar solutions), you can choose to use it separately per your use case. Postfix is also the default Mail Transfer Agent in the Ubuntu server.
Postfix can be used as an external SMTP. Not to forget, you can also set up Postfix to [work with Gmail][22]. It is easy to configure, and the documentation available for it is plenty useful.
**Key Highlights:**
- Easy to configure
- Flexible
### 8. Maddy
[Maddy][23] is a great choice if you need a lightweight mail server implementation. The official description says it is a "_Composable all-in-one mail server_".
When you compare Maddy with mailcow, you will find that it offers some of the features you get with mailcow, meaning it is not just limited to outgoing emails like others.
Maddy is popular for its use case, where it can replace multiple options like Postfix with a single implementation. You can send/receive, and store messages with Maddy via SMTP and IMAP. The storage feature is in beta at the time of writing the article.
**Key Highlights:**
- Lightweight
- Replaces multiple use-cases that you get with options like Postfix
- No dependency on Docker
### 9. Dovecot
[Dovecot][24] is an open-source IMAP server that works as a Mail Delivery Agent. It can work together with Postfix as both do different things.
Compared to other solutions, it offers easy administration, reliable email-sending capabilities, and self-healing powers.
Dovecot offers a premium offering for large infrastructure with professional support.
**Key Highlights:**
- Easy Administration
- Self-healing capabilities
- Performance-focused
### 10. Poste.io
![poste mail server][25]
[Poste.io][26] utilizes mail server solutions like Haraku, Dovecot, and other open-source components. Ranging from tools for spam filtering to an antivirus engine.
If you want to set up an open-source mail server using some of these components and be able to manage and secure things easily, Poste.io is an excellent choice.
**Key Highlights:**
- Easy to manage and build using multiple open-source mail server components
- Admin panel interface
### 11. iRedMail
[iRedMail][27] is similar to mailcow which helps you build a mail server utilizing various open-source components. You can also manage your calendars with the mail server created.
While you can set it up for yourself, it provides paid professional support if you need it.
You get a web panel, Linux distro support to host it on, and the ability to create unlimited accounts.
**Key Highlights:**
- Easy to use
- Web panel for easy management
### 12. Mailu
![mailu][28]
[Mailu][29] is a Docker-based mail server that gives you the best of everything while limiting some features.
That does not mean it is bad; Mailu aims to focus on the necessary features without adding many capabilities that are not useful for most. Even with this objective, it stands out by adding ARM support, Kubernetes support, and a couple more things.
You get a standard mail server, advanced email features, a web admin interface, and privacy-focused features.
**Key Highlights:**
- Simple interface
- Focused solution without bells and whistles
- ARM support
### Ready to Build and Manage Your Email Server?
With open-source tools and email servers, you can take control of your data and manage/optimize email transactions for your business or website.
As I mentioned, it takes a lot of work to do it. So, open-source self-hostable email servers can work if you want to have a customized experience and have a team that can be responsible for it.
💬 _I am sure there are many more options, like_[_mail in a box_][30]_, to help you deploy a mail server quickly._
_Here, we tried to pick the best ones for your convenience. What is your favorite open-source email server?_
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/open-source-email-servers/
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
选题：[lkxed][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/best-email-clients-linux/
[2]: https://www.youtube.com/embed/d1Lzw_Q_fJQ?feature=oembed
[3]: https://github.com/postalserver/postal
[4]: https://docs.postalserver.io/
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/mailcow-ui.jpg
[6]: https://mailcow.email/
[7]: https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized
[8]: https://docs.mailcow.email/
[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cuttlefish-ui.png
[10]: https://cuttlefish.io/
[11]: https://github.com/mlandauer/cuttlefish
[12]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/james.jpg
[13]: https://james.apache.org/
[14]: https://james.apache.org/server/install.html
[15]: https://github.com/apache/james-project
[16]: https://haraka.github.io/
[17]: https://linuxhandbook.com/smtp-services/
[18]: https://github.com/haraka/Haraka
[19]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/modoboa.jpg
[20]: https://modoboa.org/en/
[21]: https://www.postfix.org/
[22]: https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/configure-postfix-to-send-mail-using-gmail-and-google-workspace-on-debian-or-ubuntu/
[23]: https://maddy.email/
[24]: https://www.dovecot.org/
[25]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/poste-mailserver.png
[26]: https://poste.io/
[27]: https://www.iredmail.org/
[28]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/mailu.png
[29]: https://mailu.io/2.0/
[30]: https://mailinabox.email/