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[#]: subject: "4 Simple Steps to Clean Your Ubuntu System"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/4-simple-steps-clean-ubuntu-system-linux/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "Donkey-Hao"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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4 Simple Steps to Clean Your Ubuntu System
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======
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You can try these four simple steps right now to clean up your Ubuntu installation.
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This quick tutorial would help you to clean up old Ubuntu installations and free up some disk space.
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If you have been running an Ubuntu system for more than a year, you might feel that your system is slow and lagging despite your being up-to-date.
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Over time, there are many apps which you might have installed just to experiment or after reading a great review, but you did not remove them. These are some ways to help you find out some hidden disk spaces that you can free up.
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### Steps to Clean Your Ubuntu System
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#### 1. Clean Apt Cache
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An “apt cache” is where Ubuntu keeps all the files you have downloaded just in case you need to refer them later. Most users don’t bother to clean this up, which may take up hundreds of MBs.
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Open a terminal and run the below command to see how much your cache size is:
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```
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du -sh /var/cache/apt/archives
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```
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![][1]
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You would be surprised to see the size if yours is an old installation. Run below from the terminal to clean it up.
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```
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sudo apt-get clean
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```
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#### 2. Remove unused Kernels
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If you have been running an Ubuntu system/installation for more than a year, chances are high that you have multiple Kernels installed. If your hardware is the latest and compatible with Linux without much configuration, you may go ahead and remove old Kernels keeping the latest one.
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Run below from the terminal to clean those up:
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```
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sudo apt-get autoremove --purge
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```
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![Autoremove Purge][2]
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#### 3. Remove Old Apps, Packages
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If you are a person who likes to experiment with Linux Apps, you surely have some unused apps in your system that you definitely do not need anymore.
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Now, you may have forgotten about the app names you installed. You can run below from the terminal to find out what you have recently installed:
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This will give you a list of apps, and packages you have installed via the `apt` command:
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```
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history | grep "apt-get install"
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```
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![List of apt installed app – History][3]
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This will give you a list of apps which you have installed in the recent past:
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```
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grep " install " /var/log/dpkg.log.1
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```
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```
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zgrep " install " /var/log/dpkg.log.2.gz
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```
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You can run the below commands to remove the apps and packages:
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```
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sudo apt remove app1 package1
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```
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#### 4. Use a system cleaner app
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There is plenty of free and native system [cleaner app][4] available; however, I feel [BleachBit][5] is the best and oldest app for this purpose.
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Install BleachBit using the below command or install using Software.
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```
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sudo apt install bleachbit
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```
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Once installed, open BleachBit and run a scan. It would show you all the cache files your browser is taking up, temp files, trash, etc., and you can clean it up with a click of a button.
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![][6]
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### Bonus Tips
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#### Flatpak package cleanup
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Flatpak applications and runtime take significant disk space. Because by design, the Flatpak executable combines the runtime. Although the runtime can be shared between related apps, many unused leftover runtimes may consume your disk space.
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The most straightforward way to remove some unused Flatpak is the below command. Run it via the terminal.
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```
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flatpak uninstall --unused
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```
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For more information and wants to read details about it, refer to [this article][7].
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#### Clean Unused Snap items from Ubuntu
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If you use Ubuntu, there is a high chance that you are using Snap packages. And over time, Snap accumulates irrelevant runtimes and files. You can use the following script to clean up some of the disabled snap runtimes.
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Copy this entire script to a new file and name it clean_snap.sh:
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Then give it executable permission using `chmod +x clean_snap.sh` command and run via `./clean_snap.sh`
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```
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#!/bin/bash
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#Removes old revisions of snaps
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#CLOSE ALL SNAPS BEFORE RUNNING THIS
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set -eu
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LANG=en_US.UTF-8
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snap list --all | awk '/disabled/{print $1, $3}' |
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while read snapname revision; do
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snap remove "$snapname" --revision="$revision"
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done
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```
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For more insights into cleaning up the snap packages, refer to [this article][8].
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#### Bonus Tip
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You can also manually search for large files using the following command.
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```
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find /home -type f -exec du -h {} + | sort -hr | head -20
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```
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For example, the following command searches and gives you the first 20 large files in the root directory “/”. Now you can review the large files and manually remove them using a file manager. Be careful while deleting any file. Try not to touch anything other than in your `/home` directory.
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![Find Large files in Linux][9]
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### Wrapping Up
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So, that’s it. If you followed the above steps, you definitely freed up some space in your Ubuntu system, and your system can breathe now. You can follow these measures to clean up the Ubuntu system. Do not forget to keep your system up-to-date with the latest packages.
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🗨️ Comment below if you think you can free up some disk space and make your Ubuntu faster using these tips. What command do you normally use to Clean Your Ubuntu System?
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Let me know.
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[Next: GNOME 43: Top New Features and Release Wiki][10]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.debugpoint.com/4-simple-steps-clean-ubuntu-system-linux/
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作者：[Arindam][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[Donkey-Hao](https://github.com/Donkey-Hao)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/apt-cache.png
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[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Autoremove-Purge-1024x218.png
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[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/List-of-apt-installed-app-History.png
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[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2017/02/stacer-is-a-system-monitoring-and-clean-up-utility-for-ubuntu/
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[5]: https://www.bleachbit.org
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[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/BleachBit-Clean-your-system.png
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[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/clean-up-flatpak/
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[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/clean-up-snap/
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[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Find-Large-files-in-Linux-1024x612.png
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[10]: https://www.debugpoint.com/gnome-43/
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@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
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[#]: subject: "4 Simple Steps to Clean Your Ubuntu System"
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[#]: via: "https://www.debugpoint.com/4-simple-steps-clean-ubuntu-system-linux/"
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[#]: author: "Arindam https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "Donkey-Hao"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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清理 Ubuntu 系统的 4 个简单步骤
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======
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现在，试试看这 4 个简单的步骤，来清理你的 Ubuntu 系统吧。
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这份精简指南将告诉你如何清理 Ubuntu 系统以及如何释放一些磁盘空间。
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如果你的 Ubuntu 系统已经运行了至少一年，尽管系统是最新的，你仍然可能会觉得你的 Ubuntu 系统运行缓慢且滞后。
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在过去，因为你想试验某一应用程序，或是在看到了它的好评推荐之后，而安装了许多应用程序，但你并没有删除它们。下面这些方法可以帮助你找出一些可以释放的隐藏磁盘空间。
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### 清理 Ubuntu 系统的步骤
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#### 1. 清理 Apt 缓存
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Apt 缓存(apt cache)是 Ubuntu 系统保存你下载过的所有文件的地方，以供你之后可以查看它。大多数用户不会去清理 Apt 缓存，而它却可能会占用数百兆字节。
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打开终端，并运行以下命令，可以得到你的 Apt 缓存有多少：
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```
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du -sh /var/cache/apt/archives
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```
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![][1]
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如果你的 Ubuntu 系统已经安装了很久的话，你将看到这个数字非常大。运行以下命令来清理 Apt 缓存。
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```
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sudo apt-get clean
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```
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#### 2. 删除无用的内核
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如果你已经运行 Ubuntu 系统超过了一年，那么你安装多个内核的可能性很高。如果你的硬件是最新的，并且与 Linux 兼容而没有太多配置，你可以删除旧的内核，保留最新的内核。
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在终端运行以下命令来删除旧的内核：
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```
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sudo apt-get autoremove --purge
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```
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![Autoremove Purge][2]
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#### 3. 删除旧的应用程序和软件包
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如果你是一个喜欢尝试 Linux 应用程序的人，那么你的系统中肯定有一些不再需要的没用的应用程序。
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现在，你可能已经忘记了你安装过的应用程序名称。不过你可以在终端运行以下命令来查看你最近安装的内容：
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你会得到通过 `apt` 命令安装的应用程序和软件包的列表：
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```
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history | grep "apt-get install"
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```
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![List of apt installed app – History][3]
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你将得到最近安装的应用程序列表：
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```
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grep " install " /var/log/dpkg.log.1
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```
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```
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zgrep " install " /var/log/dpkg.log.2.gz
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```
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你可以运行以下命令来删除应用程序和软件包：
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```
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sudo apt remove app1 package1
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```
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#### 4. 使用系统清理应用
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有大量免费和原生系统 [清理应用][4] 可以使用。但是，我认为 [BleachBit][5] 是清理系统最好的一个应用，因为它经久不衰。
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使用以下命令安装 BleachBit 或通过应用商店安装。
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```
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sudo apt install bleachbit
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```
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安装后，打开 BleachBit，并运行扫描。它会向你显示浏览器占用的所有缓存文件、临时文件、垃圾等，你只需单击一个按钮即可清理它。
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![][6]
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### 额外提示
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#### 清理 Flatpak 软件包
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Flatpak 这一应用程序和运行时(runtime)会占用大量磁盘空间。因为在设计上，Flatpak 的可执行文件结合了运行时。尽管运行时可以在相关应用程序之间共享，但许多未使用的剩余运行时可能会占用你的磁盘空间。
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删除一些未使用的 Flatpak 包最直接的方法是下面的命令。在终端运行这一命令。
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```
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flatpak uninstall --unused
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```
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可以参考 [这篇文章][7] 了解有关 Flatpak 包的更多信息。
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#### 清理未使用的 Snap 项目
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如果你使用 Ubuntu 系统，那么你很有可能使用的是 Snap 软件包。随着时间的推移，Snap 会积累不相关的运行时和文件。你可以使用以下脚本来清理一些没用的 snap 运行时。
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将下面的脚本复制到一个新文件中，并将其命名为 `clean_snap.sh`：
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然后使用 `chmod +x clean_snap.sh` 命令来赋予它可执行权限，并通过 `./clean_snap.sh` 运行
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```
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#!/bin/bash
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#Removes old revisions of snaps
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#CLOSE ALL SNAPS BEFORE RUNNING THIS
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set -eu
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LANG=en_US.UTF-8
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snap list --all | awk '/disabled/{print $1, $3}' |
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while read snapname revision; do
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snap remove "$snapname" --revision="$revision"
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done
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```
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可以参考 [这篇文章][8] 了解有关清理 Snap 包的更多信息。
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#### 额外提示
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你还可以使用以下命令来手动搜索大文件。
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```
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find /home -type f -exec du -h {} + | sort -hr | head -20
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```
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例如，运行以下命令，你会得到根目录 `/` 中的前 20 个大文件。现在你可以查看大文件，并使用文件管理器手动删除它们。请注意删除文件时要非常小心。尽量不要涉及 `/home` 目录以外的任何内容。
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![Find Large files in Linux][9]
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### 总结
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这样就完成了。如果你按照上述步骤操作，你一定能够释放 Ubuntu 系统中的一些空间，现在你的系统有剩余空间了。你可以按照这些措施来清理 Ubuntu 系统。不要忘记使用最新的软件包，使你的系统保持到最新。
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🗨️ 如果你认为使用上述的技巧可以释放一些磁盘空间，并使得你的 Ubuntu 更快了，请在下方评论区留言。你通常又是使用什么命令来清理你的 Ubuntu 系统？
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快留言告诉我吧。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
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||||
via: https://www.debugpoint.com/4-simple-steps-clean-ubuntu-system-linux/
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||||
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作者：[Arindam][a]
|
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选题：[lkxed][b]
|
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译者：[Donkey-Hao](https://github.com/Donkey-Hao)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.debugpoint.com/author/admin1/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
|
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[1]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/apt-cache.png
|
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[2]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Autoremove-Purge-1024x218.png
|
||||
[3]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/List-of-apt-installed-app-History.png
|
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[4]: https://www.debugpoint.com/2017/02/stacer-is-a-system-monitoring-and-clean-up-utility-for-ubuntu/
|
||||
[5]: https://www.bleachbit.org
|
||||
[6]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/BleachBit-Clean-your-system.png
|
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[7]: https://www.debugpoint.com/clean-up-flatpak/
|
||||
[8]: https://www.debugpoint.com/clean-up-snap/
|
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[9]: https://www.debugpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Find-Large-files-in-Linux-1024x612.png
|
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[10]: https://www.debugpoint.com/gnome-43/
|
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Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user