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[translated by Flowsnow] How To Rename Multiple Files At Once In Linux
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How To Rename Multiple Files At Once In Linux
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======
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As you may already know, we use **mv** command to rename or move files and directories in Unix-like operating systems. But, the mv command won’t support renaming multiple files at once. Worry not. In this tutorial, we are going to learn to rename multiple files at once using **“mmv”** command in Linux. This command is used to move, copy, append and rename files in bulk using standard wildcards in Unix-like operating systems.
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### Rename Multiple Files At Once In Linux
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The mmv utility is available in the default repositories of Debian-based systems. To install it on Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, run the following command:
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install mmv
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```
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Let us say, you have the following files in your current directory.
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```
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$ ls
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a1.txt a2.txt a3.txt
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```
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Now you want to rename all files that starts with letter “a” to “b”. Of course, you can do this manually in few seconds. But just think if you have hundreds of files and want to rename them? It is quite time consuming process. Here is where **mmv** command comes in help.
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To rename all files starting with letter “a” to “b”, simply run:
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```
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$ mmv a\* b\#1
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```
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Let us check if the files have been renamed or not.
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```
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$ ls
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b1.txt b2.txt b3.txt
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```
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As you can see, all files starts with letter “a” (i.e a1.txt, a2.txt, a3.txt) are renamed to b1.txt, b2.txt, b3.txt.
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**Explanation**
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In the above example, the first parameter (a\\*) is the ‘from’ pattern and the second parameter is ‘to’ pattern ( b\\#1 ). As per the above example, mmv will look for any filenames staring with letter ‘a’ and rename the matched files according to second parameter i.e ‘to’ pattern. We use wildcards, such as ‘*’, ‘?’ and ‘[]‘, to match one or more arbitrary characters. Please be mindful that you must escape the wildcard characters, otherwise they will be expanded by the shell and mmv won’t understand them.
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The ‘#1′ in the ‘to’ pattern is a wildcard index. It matches the first wildcard found in the ‘from’ pattern. A ‘#2′ in the ‘to’ pattern would match the second wildcard and so on. In our example, we have only one wildcard (the asterisk), so we write a #1. And, the hash sign should be escaped as well. Also, you can enclose the patterns with quotes too.
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You can even rename all files with a certain extension to a different extension. For example, to rename all **.txt** files to **.doc** file format in the current directory, simply run:
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```
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$ mmv \*.txt \#1.doc
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```
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Here is an another example. Let us say you have the following files.
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```
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$ ls
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abcd1.txt abcd2.txt abcd3.txt
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```
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You want to replace the the first occurrence of **abc** with **xyz** in all files in the current directory. How would you do?
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Simple.
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```
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$ mmv '*abc*' '#1xyz#2'
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```
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Please note that in the above example, I have enclosed the patterns in single quotes.
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Let us check if “abc” is actually replaced with “xyz” or not.
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```
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$ ls
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xyzd1.txt xyzd2.txt xyzd3.txt
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```
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See? The files **abcd1.txt** , **abcd2.txt** , and **abcd3.txt** have been renamed to **xyzd1.txt** , **xyzd2.txt** , and **xyzd3.txt**.
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Another notable feature of mmv command is you can just print output instead of renaming the files using **-n** option like below.
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```
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$ mmv -n a\* b\#1
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a1.txt -> b1.txt
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a2.txt -> b2.txt
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a3.txt -> b3.txt
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```
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This way you can simply verify what mmv command would actually do before renaming the files.
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For more details, refer man pages.
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```
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$ man mmv
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```
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**Update:**
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The **Thunar file manager** has built-in **bulk rename** option by default. If you’re using thunar, it much easier to rename files than using mmv command.
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Thunar is available in the default repositories of most Linux distributions.
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To install it on Arch-based systems, run:
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```
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$ sudo pacman -S thunar
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```
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On RHEL, CentOS:
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```
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$ sudo yum install thunar
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```
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On Fedora:
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```
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$ sudo dnf install thunar
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```
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On openSUSE:
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```
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$ sudo zypper install thunar
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```
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On Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint:
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install thunar
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```
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Once installed, you can launch bulk rename utility from menu or from the application launcher. To launch it from Terminal, use the following command:
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```
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$ thunar -B
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```
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This is how bulk rename looks like.
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[![][1]][2]
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Click the plus sign and choose the list of files you want to rename. Bulk rename can rename the name of the files, the suffix of the files or both the name and the suffix of the files. Thunar currently supports the following Bulk Renamers:
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* Insert Date or Time
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* Insert or Overwrite
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* Numbering
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* Remove Characters
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* Search & Replace
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* Uppercase / Lowercase
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When you select one of these criteria from the picklist, you will see a preview of your changes in the New Name column, as shown in the below screenshot.
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![][3]
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Once you choose the criteria, click on **Rename Files** option to rename the files.
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You can also open bulk renamer from within Thunar by selecting two or more files. After choosing the files, press F2 or right click and choose **Rename**.
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And, that’s all for now. Hope this was useful. More good stuffs to come. Stay tuned!
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Cheers!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.ostechnix.com/how-to-rename-multiple-files-at-once-in-linux/
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作者：[SK][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
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[1]:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
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[2]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/bulk-rename.png
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[3]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/bulk-rename-1.png
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@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
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如何在 Linux 中一次重命名多个文件
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======
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你可能已经知道，我们使用 mv 命令在类 Unix 操作系统中重命名或者移动文件和目录。 但是，mv 命令不支持一次重命名多个文件。 不用担心。 在本教程中，我们将学习使用 Linux 中的 “mmv” 命令一次重命名多个文件。 此命令用于在类 Unix 操作系统中使用标准通配符批量移动，复制，追加和重命名文件。
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### 在 Linux 中一次重命名多个文件
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mmv 程序可在基于 Debian 的系统的默认仓库中使用。 要想在 Debian，Ubuntu，Linux Mint 上安装它，请运行以下命令：
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install mmv
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```
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我们假设你在当前目录中有以下文件。
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```
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$ ls
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a1.txt a2.txt a3.txt
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```
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现在，你想要将所有以字母 “a” 开头的文件重命名为以 “b” 开头的。 当然，你可以在几秒钟内手动执行此操作。 但是想想你是否有数百个文件想要重命名？ 这是一个非常耗时的过程。 这时候 **mmv** 命令就很有帮助了。
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要将所有以字母 “a” 开头的文件重命名为以字母 “b” 开头的，只需要运行：
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```
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$ mmv a\* b\#1
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```
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让我们检查一下文件是否都已经重命名了。
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```
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$ ls
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b1.txt b2.txt b3.txt
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```
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如你所见，所有以字母 “a” 开头的文件（即 a1.txt，a2.txt，a3.txt）都重命名为 b1.txt，b2.txt，b3.txt。
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**解释**
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在上面的例子中，第一个参数（a\\*）是 'from' 模式，第二个参数是 'to' 模式（b\\#1）。根据上面的例子，mmv 将查找任何以字母 'a' 开头的文件名，并根据第二个参数重命名匹配的文件，即 'to' 模式。我们使用通配符，例如用 '*'，'?' 和 '[]' 来匹配一个或多个任意字符。请注意，你必须避免使用通配符，否则它们将被 shell 扩展，mmv 将无法理解。
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'to' 模式中的 '#1' 是通配符索引。它匹配 'from' 模式中的第一个通配符。 'to' 模式中的 '#2' 将匹配第二个通配符，依此类推。在我们的例子中，我们只有一个通配符（星号），所以我们写了一个 #1。并且，哈希标志也应该被转义。此外，你也可以用引号括起模式。
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你甚至可以将具有特定扩展名的所有文件重命名为其他扩展名。例如，要将当前目录中的所有 **.txt** 文件重命名为 **.doc** 文件格式，只需运行：
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```
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$ mmv \*.txt \#1.doc
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```
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这是另一个例子。 我们假设你有以下文件。
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```
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$ ls
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abcd1.txt abcd2.txt abcd3.txt
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```
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你希望在当前目录下的所有文件中将第一次出现的 **abc** 替换为 **xyz**。 你会怎么做呢？
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很简单。
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```
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$ mmv '*abc*' '#1xyz#2'
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```
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请注意，在上面的示例中，模式被单引号括起来了。
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让我们检查下 “abc” 是否实际上被替换为 “xyz”。
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```
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$ ls
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xyzd1.txt xyzd2.txt xyzd3.txt
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```
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看到没？ 文件 **abcd1.txt**，**abcd2.txt** 和 **abcd3.txt** 已经重命名为 **xyzd1.txt**，**xyzd2.txt** 和 **xyzd3.txt**。
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mmv 命令的另一个值得注意的功能是你可以使用 **-n** 选项打印输出而不是重命名文件，如下所示。
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```
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$ mmv -n a\* b\#1
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a1.txt -> b1.txt
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a2.txt -> b2.txt
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a3.txt -> b3.txt
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```
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这样，你可以在重命名文件之前简单地验证 mmv 命令实际执行的操作。
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有关更多详细信息，请参阅 man 页面。
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```
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$ man mmv
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```
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**更新：**
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**Thunar 文件管理器**默认具有内置**批量重命名**选项。 如果你正在使用thunar，那么重命名文件要比使用mmv命令容易得多。
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Thunar在大多数Linux发行版的默认仓库库中都可用。
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要在基于Arch的系统上安装它，请运行：
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```
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$ sudo pacman -S thunar
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```
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在 RHEL，CentOS 上:
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```
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$ sudo yum install thunar
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```
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在 Fedora 上:
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```
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$ sudo dnf install thunar
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```
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在 openSUSE 上:
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```
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$ sudo zypper install thunar
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```
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在 Debian，Ubuntu，Linux Mint 上:
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install thunar
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```
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安装后，你可以从菜单或应用程序启动器中启动批量重命名程序。 要从终端启动它，请使用以下命令：
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```
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$ thunar -B
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```
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批量重命名就是这么回事。
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![][1]
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单击加号，然后选择要重命名的文件列表。 批量重命名可以重命名文件的名称，文件的后缀或者同事重命名文件的名称和后缀。 Thunar 目前支持以下批量重命名：
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- 插入日期或时间
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- 插入或覆盖
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- 编号
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- 删除字符
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- 搜索和替换
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- 大写或小写
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当你从选项列表中选择其中一个条件时，你将在“新名称”列中看到更改的预览，如下面的屏幕截图所示。
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![][2]
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选择条件后，单击**重命名文件**选项来重命名文件。
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你还可以通过选择两个或更多文件从 Thunar 中打开批量重命名器。 选择文件后，按F2或右键单击并选择**重命名**。
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嗯，这就是本次的所有内容了。希望有所帮助。更多干货即将到来。敬请关注！
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祝快乐！
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.ostechnix.com/how-to-rename-multiple-files-at-once-in-linux/
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作者：[SK][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[Flowsnow](https://github.com/Flowsnow)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
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[1]: http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/bulk-rename.png
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[2]: http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/bulk-rename-1.png
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