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选题: 20191206 6 Ways to Send Email from the Linux Command Line
sources/tech/20191206 6 Ways to Send Email from the Linux Command Line.md
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (6 Ways to Send Email from the Linux Command Line)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/6-ways-to-send-email-from-the-linux-command-line/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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6 Ways to Send Email from the Linux Command Line
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======
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Sending email from the command line is required when you need to create emails from a shell script.
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There are several commands on Linux to send emails from the Linux command line.
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I’ve included the Top 6 Command Line Mail Clients in this tutorial.
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You can use any one of the following to send email from the Linux command line.
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This can be done using the following six commands.
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* mail
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* mailx
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* mutt
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* mpack
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* sendmail
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* ssmtp
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### How does it work?
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Let me give you an overall explanation of how the mail command delivers the mails to recipients on Linux.
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The mail command compose emails and sends them to a local mail transfer agent (MTA), such as sendmail, postfix, and so on.
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The mail server actually communicates with remote mail servers for sending and receiving emails.
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The flow chart below can explain more about that.
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[![][1]][2]
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### 1) How to Install mail Command on Linux
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The mail command is most popular command to send emails from Linux terminal.
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The mail command can be installed from the distribution official repository as follows.
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For **“Debian/Ubuntu”** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install mailutils.
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install mailutils
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```
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For **“RHEL/CentOS”** systems, use **[YUM Command][5]** to install mailx.
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```
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$ sudo yum install mailx
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```
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For **“Fedora”** system, use the **[DNF Command][6]** to install mailx.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install mailx
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```
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### 1a) How to Use mail Command on Linux to Send a Mail
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It’s straightforward and easy to use.
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Use the following format to send mail using the mail command without an attachment.
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```
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$ echo "This is the mail body" | mail -s "Subject" [email protected]
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```
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Use the following format to send mail using the mail command with attachment.
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```
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$ echo "This is the mail body" | mail -a test1.txt -s "Subject" [email protected]
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```
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```
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+---------+----------------------------------------------------+
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| Options | Description |
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+---------+----------------------------------------------------+
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| -a | It's used for attachment on Red Hat based systems. |
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| -A | It's used for attachment on Debian based systems. |
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| -s | Specify the subject of the message |
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+--------------------------------------------------------------+
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```
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### 2) How to Install mutt Command on Linux
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The mutt is another popular command to send emails from Linux terminal.
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Mutt is a small but very powerful text based program for reading and sending electronic mail under unix operating systems, including support for color terminals, MIME, OpenPGP, and a threaded sorting mode.
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The mail command can be installed from the distribution official repository as follows.
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For **“Debian/Ubuntu”** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install mutt.
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install mutt
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```
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For **“RHEL/CentOS”** systems, use **[YUM Command][5]** to install mutt.
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```
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$ sudo yum install mutt
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```
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For **“Fedora”** system, use the **[DNF Command][6]** to install mutt.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install mutt
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```
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### 2b) How to Use mutt Command on Linux to Send a Mail
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This is also straightforward and easy to use.
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Use the following format to send mail using the mutt command without an attachment.
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```
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$ echo "This is the mail body" | mutt -s "Subject" [email protected]
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```
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Use the following format to send mail using the mutt command with attachment.
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```
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$ echo "This is the mail body" | mutt -s "Subject" [email protected] -a test1.txt
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```
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### 3) How to Install mpack Command on Linux
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The mpack is another popular command to send emails from Linux terminal.
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The mpack program encodes the the named file in one or more MIME messages. The resulting messages are mailed to one or more recipients.
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The mpack command can be installed from the distribution official repository as follows.
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For **“Debian/Ubuntu”** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install mpack.
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install mpack
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```
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For **“RHEL/CentOS”** systems, use **[YUM Command][5]** to install mpack.
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```
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$ sudo yum install mpack
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```
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For **“Fedora”** system, use the **[DNF Command][6]** to install mpack.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install mpack
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```
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### 3a) How to Use mpack Command on Linux to Send a Mail
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This is also straight forward and easy to use.
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Use the following format to send mail using the mpack command without an attachment.
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```
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$ echo "This is the mail body" | mpack -s "Subject" [email protected]
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```
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Use the following format to send mail using the mpack command with attachment.
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```
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$ echo "This is the mail body" | mpack -s "Subject" [email protected] -a test1.txt
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```
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### 4) How to Install mail Command on Linux
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Mailx is the newer version of mail command.
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It is based on Berkeley Mail 8.1, is intended to provide the functionality of the POSIX mailx command, and offers extensions for MIME, IMAP, POP3, SMTP, and S/MIME.
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Mailx provides enhanced features for interactive use, such as caching message threading, scoring, and filtering.
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The mailx command can be installed from the distribution official repository as follows.
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For **“Debian/Ubuntu”** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install mailutils.
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install mailutils
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```
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For **“RHEL/CentOS”** systems, use **[YUM Command][5]** to install mailx.
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```
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$ sudo yum install mailx
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```
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For **“Fedora”** system, use the **[DNF Command][6]** to install mailx.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install mailx
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```
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### 4a) How to Use mailx Command on Linux to Send a Mail
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It’s straight forward and easy to use.
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Use the following format to send mail using the mailx command without an attachment.
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```
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$ echo "This is the mail body" | mail -s "Subject" [email protected]
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```
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Use the following format to send mail using the mailx command with attachment.
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```
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$ echo "This is the mail body" | mail -a test1.txt -s "Subject" [email protected]
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```
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### 5) How to Install sendmail Command on Linux
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Sendmail is a most popular and general purpose SMTP server used in most of Linux distribution.
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Also, it allows you to sending email from command line.
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The sendmail command can be installed from the distribution official repository as follows.
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For **“Debian/Ubuntu”** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install sendmail.
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install sendmail
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```
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For **“RHEL/CentOS”** systems, use **[YUM Command][5]** to install sendmail.
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```
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$ sudo yum install sendmail
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```
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For **“Fedora”** system, use the **[DNF Command][6]** to install sendmail.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install sendmail
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```
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### 5a) How to Use sendmail Command on Linux to Send a Mail
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It’s straight forward and easy to use.
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Use the following format to send mail using the sendmail command.
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```
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$ echo -e "Subject: Test Mail\nThis is the mail body" > /tmp/send-mail.txt
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```
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```
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$ sendmail [email protected] < send-mail.txt
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```
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### 6) How to Install ssmtp Command on Linux
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ssmtp is a send-only sendmail emulator for machines which delivers email from a local computer to a configured mailhost (mailhub).
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SSMTP allows users to transfer emails through an SMTP server from the Linux command line.
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The sendmail command can be installed from the distribution official repository as follows.
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For **“Debian/Ubuntu”** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install ssmtp.
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```
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$ sudo apt-get install ssmtp
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```
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For **“RHEL/CentOS”** systems, use **[YUM Command][5]** to install ssmtp.
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```
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$ sudo yum install ssmtp
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```
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For **“Fedora”** system, use the **[DNF Command][6]** to install ssmtp.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install ssmtp
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```
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### 6a) How to Use ssmtp Command on Linux to Send a Mail
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It’s straight forward and easy to use.
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Use the following format to send mail using the ssmtp command.
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```
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$ echo -e "Subject: Test Mail\nThis is the mail body" > /tmp/ssmtp-mail.txt
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```
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```
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$ ssmtp [email protected] < /tmp/ssmtp-mail.txt
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```
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/6-ways-to-send-email-from-the-linux-command-line/
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作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
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[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/smtp-simple-mail-transfer-protocol.png
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[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
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[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
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[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
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[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
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