diff --git a/sources/tech/20180401 9 Useful touch command examples in Linux.md b/translated/tech/20180401 9 Useful touch command examples in Linux.md similarity index 50% rename from sources/tech/20180401 9 Useful touch command examples in Linux.md rename to translated/tech/20180401 9 Useful touch command examples in Linux.md index cff8d63297..34aab2d024 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20180401 9 Useful touch command examples in Linux.md +++ b/translated/tech/20180401 9 Useful touch command examples in Linux.md @@ -1,27 +1,25 @@ -Translating by MjSeven +在 Linux 下 9 个有用的 touch 命令示例 +===== - -9 Useful touch command examples in Linux -====== -Touch command is used to create empty files and also changes the timestamps of existing files on Unix & Linux System. Changing timestamps here means updating the access and modification time of files and directories. +touch 命令用于创建空文件,并且更改 Unix 和 Linux 系统上现有文件时间戳。这里更改时间戳意味着更新文件和目录的访问以及修改时间。 [![touch-command-examples-linux][1]![touch-command-examples-linux][2]][2] -Let’s have a look on the syntax and options used in touch command, +让我们来看看 touch 命令的语法和选项: -**Syntax** : # touch {options} {file} +**语法**: # touch {选项} {文件} -Options used in touch command, +touch 命令中使用的选项: ![touch-command-options][1] ![touch-command-options][3] -In this article we will walk through 9 useful touch command examples in Linux, +在这篇文章中,我们将介绍 Linux 中 9 个有用的 touch 命令示例。 -### Example:1 Create an empty file using touch +### 示例:1 使用 touch 创建一个空文件 -To create an empty file using touch command on Linux systems, type touch followed by the file name, example is shown below, +要在 Linux 系统上使用 touch 命令创建空文件,键入 touch,然后输入文件名。如下所示: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch devops.txt [root@linuxtechi ~]# ls -l devops.txt @@ -30,26 +28,26 @@ To create an empty file using touch command on Linux systems, type touch followe ``` -### Example:2 Create empty files in bulk using touch +### 示例:2 使用 touch 创建批量空文件 -There can be some scenario where we have to create lots of empty files for some testing, this can be easily achieved using touch command, +可能会出现一些情况,我们必须为某些测试创建大量空文件,这可以使用 touch 命令轻松实现: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch sysadm-{1..20}.txt ``` -In the above example we have created 20 empty files with name sysadm-1.txt to sysadm-20.txt, you can change the name and numbers based on your requirements. +在上面的例子中,我们创建了 20 个名为 sysadm-1.txt 到 sysadm-20.txt 的空文件,你可以根据需要更改名称和数字。 -### Example:3 Change / Update access time of a file and directory +### 示例:3 改变/更新文件和目录的访问时间 -Let’s assume we want to change access time of a file called “ **devops.txt** “, to do this use ‘ **-a** ‘ option in touch command followed by file name, example is shown below, +假设我们想要改变名为 **devops.txt** 文件的访问时间,在 touch 命令中使用 **-a** 选项,然后输入文件名。如下所示: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch -a devops.txt [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -Now verify whether access time of a file has been updated or not using ‘stat’ command +现在使用 `stat` 命令验证文件的访问时间是否已更新: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# stat devops.txt   File: ‘devops.txt’ @@ -65,9 +63,9 @@ Change: 2018-03-29 23:03:10.902000000 -0400 ``` -**Change access time of a directory** , +**改变目录的访问时间** -Let’s assume we have a ‘nfsshare’ folder under /mnt, Let’s change the access time of this folder using the below command, +假设我们在 /mnt 目录下有一个 ‘nfsshare’ 文件夹,让我们用下面的命令改变这个文件夹的访问时间: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch -m /mnt/nfsshare/ [root@linuxtechi ~]# @@ -86,9 +84,9 @@ Change: 2018-03-29 23:34:38.095000000 -0400 ``` -### Example:4 Change Access time without creating new file +### 示例:4 更改访问时间而不用创建新文件 -There can be some situations where we want to change access time of a file if it exists and avoid creating the file. Using ‘ **-c** ‘ option in touch command, we can change access time of a file if it exists and will not a create a file, if it doesn’t exist. +在某些情况下,如果文件存在,我们希望更改文件的访问时间,并避免创建文件。在 touch 命令中使用 **-c** 选项即可,如果文件存在,那么我们可以改变文件的访问时间,如果不存在,我们也可不会创建它。 ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch -c sysadm-20.txt [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch -c winadm-20.txt @@ -98,18 +96,18 @@ ls: cannot access winadm-20.txt: No such file or directory ``` -### Example:5 Change Modification time of a file and directory +### 示例:5 更改文件和目录的修改时间 -Using ‘ **-m** ‘ option in touch command, we can change the modification time of a file and directory, +在 touch 命令中使用 **-m** 选项,我们可以更改文件和目录的修改时间。 -Let’s change the modification time of a file called “devops.txt”, +让我们更改名为 “devops.txt” 文件的更改时间: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch -m devops.txt [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -Now verify whether modification time has been changed or not using stat command, +现在使用 stat 命令来验证修改时间是否改变: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# stat devops.txt   File: ‘devops.txt’ @@ -125,23 +123,14 @@ Change: 2018-03-29 23:59:49.106000000 -0400 ``` -Similarly, we can change modification time of a directory, +同样的,我们可以改变一个目录的修改时间: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch -m /mnt/nfsshare/ [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -### Example:6 Changing access and modification time in one go - -Use “ **-am** ” option in touch command to change the access and modification together or in one go, example is shown below, -``` -[root@linuxtechi ~]# touch -am devops.txt -[root@linuxtechi ~]# - -``` - -Cross verify the access and modification time using stat, +使用 stat 交叉验证访问和修改时间: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# stat devops.txt   File: ‘devops.txt’ @@ -157,45 +146,43 @@ Change: 2018-03-30 00:06:20.145000000 -0400 ``` -### Example:7 Set the Access & modification time to a specific date and time +### 示例:7 将访问和修改时间设置为特定的日期和时间 -Whenever we do change access and modification time of a file & directory using touch command, then it set the current time as access & modification time of that file or directory, +每当我们使用 touch 命令更改文件和目录的访问和修改时间时,它将当前时间设置为该文件或目录的访问和修改时间。 -Let’s assume we want to set specific date and time as access & modification time of a file, this is can be achieved using ‘-c’ & ‘-t’ option in touch command, +假设我们想要将特定的日期和时间设置为文件的访问和修改时间,这可以使用 touch 命令中的 ‘-c’ 和 ‘-t’ 选项来实现。 -Date and Time can be specified in the format: {CCYY}MMDDhhmm.ss +日期和时间可以使用以下格式指定:{CCYY}MMDDhhmm.ss -Where: +其中: - * CC – First two digits of a year - * YY – Second two digits of a year - * MM – Month of the Year (01-12) - * DD – Day of the Month (01-31) - * hh – Hour of the day (00-23) - * mm – Minutes of the hour (00-59) + * CC – 年份的前两位数字 + * YY – 年份的后两位数字 + * MM – 月份 (01-12) + * DD – 天 (01-31) + * hh – 小时 (00-23) + * mm – 分钟 (00-59) - - -Let’s set the access & modification time of devops.txt file for future date and time( 2025 year, 10th Month, 19th day of month, 18th hours and 20th minute) +让我们将 devops.txt file 文件的访问和修改时间设置为未来的一个时间( 2025 年, 10 月, 19 日, 18 时 20 分)。 ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch -c -t 202510191820 devops.txt ``` -Use stat command to view the update access & modification time, +使用 stat 命令查看更新访问和修改时间: ![stat-command-output-linux][1] ![stat-command-output-linux][4] -Set the Access and Modification time based on date string, Use ‘-d’ option in touch command and then specify the date string followed by the file name, example is shown below, +根据日期字符串设置访问和修改时间,在 touch 命令中使用 ‘-d’ 选项,然后指定日期字符串,后面跟文件名。如下所示: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch -c -d "2010-02-07 20:15:12.000000000 +0530" sysadm-29.txt [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -Verify the status using stat command, +使用 stat 命令验证文件的状态: ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# stat sysadm-20.txt   File: ‘sysadm-20.txt’ @@ -211,24 +198,24 @@ Change: 2018-03-30 10:23:31.584000000 +0530 ``` -**Note:** In above commands, if we don’t specify ‘-c’ then touch command will create a new file in case it doesn’t exist on the system and will set the timestamps whatever is mentioned in the command. +**注意:**在上述命令中,如果我们不指定 ‘-c’,那么 touch 命令将创建一个新文件以防系统中存在该文件,并将时间戳设置为命令中给出的。 -### Example:8 Set the timestamps to a file using a reference file (-r) +### 示例:8 使用参考文件设置时间戳(-r) -In touch command we can use a reference file for setting the timestamps of file or directory. Let’s assume I want to set the same timestamps of file “sysadm-20.txt” on “devops.txt” file. This can be easily achieved using ‘-r’ option in touch. +在 touch 命令中,我们可以使用参考文件来设置文件或目录的时间戳。假设我想在 “devops.txt” 文件上设置与文件 “sysadm-20.txt” 文件相同的时间戳,touch 命令中使用 ‘-r’ 选项可以轻松实现。 -**Syntax:** # touch -r {reference-file} actual-file +**语法:**# touch -r {参考文件} 真正文件 ``` [root@linuxtechi ~]# touch -r sysadm-20.txt devops.txt [root@linuxtechi ~]# ``` -### Example:9 Change Access & Modification time on symbolic link file +### 示例:9 在符号链接文件上更改访问和修改时间 -By default, whenever we try to change timestamps of a symbolic link file using touch command then it will change the timestamps of original file only, In case you want to change timestamps of a symbolic link file then this can be achieved using ‘-h’ option in touch command, +默认情况下,每当我们尝试使用 touch 命令更改符号链接文件的时间戳时,它只会更改原始文件的时间戳。如果你想更改符号链接文件的时间戳,则可以使用 touch 命令中的 ‘-h’ 选项来实现。 -**Syntax:** # touch -h {symbolic link file} +**语法:** # touch -h {符号链接文件} ``` [root@linuxtechi opt]# ls -l /root/linuxgeeks.txt lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Mar 30 10:56 /root/linuxgeeks.txt -> linuxadmins.txt @@ -239,14 +226,14 @@ lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Oct 19  2030 linuxgeeks.txt -> linuxadmins.txt ``` -That’s all from this tutorial, I hope these examples help you to understand touch command. Please do share your valuable feedback and comments. +这就是本教程的全部了。我希望这些例子能帮助你理解 touch 命令。请分享你的宝贵意见和评论。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- via: https://www.linuxtechi.com/9-useful-touch-command-examples-linux/ 作者:[Pradeep Kumar][a] -译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +译者:[MjSeven](https://github.com/MjSeven) 校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出