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Some Good Alternatives To ‘du’ Command
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======
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As you may already know, the **“du”** command is used to compute and summarize the file and directory space usage in Unix-like systems. If you are a heavy user of du command, you will find this guide interesting! Today, I came across five good **alternatives to du** command. There could be many, but these are the ones that I am aware of at the moment. If I came across anything in future, I will add it in this list. Also, if you know any other alternatives, please let me know in the comment section below. I will review and add them in the list as well.
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### 1\. Ncdu
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The **Ncdu** is the popular alternative to du command in the Linux community. The developer of Ncdu is not satisfied with the performance of the du command, so he ended up creating his own. Ncdu is simple, yet fast disk usage analyzer written using **C** programming language with an **ncurses** interface to find which directories or files are taking up more space either on a local or remote systems. We already have published a detailed guide about Ncdu. Check the following link if you are interested to know more about it.
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### 2\. Tin Summer
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The **Tin Summer** is used to find the build artifacts that are taking up disk space. It is also an yet another good alternative for du command. Thanks to multi-threading, Tin-summer is significantly faster than du command when calculating the size of the big directories. Unlike Du command, it reads file sizes, not disk usage. Tin SUmmer is free, open source tool written using **Rust** programming language.
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The developer claims Tin Summer is good alternative to du command, because,
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* It is faster on larger directories compared to du command,
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* It displays the disk usage results in human-readable format by default,
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* It uses **regex** to exclude files/directories,
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* Provides sorted and colorized output,
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* Extensible,
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* And more.
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**Installing Tin Summer**
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To install Tin Summer, open your Terminal and run the following command:
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```
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$ curl -LSfs https://japaric.github.io/trust/install.sh | sh -s -- --git vmchale/tin-summer
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```
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Alternatively, you can install Tin Summer using **Cargo** package manager. Make sure you have installed **Rust** on your system as described in the following link.
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After installing Rust, run the following command to install Tin Summer:
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```
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$ cargo install tin-summer
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```
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If either of the above mentioned methods doesn’t not work, download the latest binary from the [**releases page**][1] and compile and install it manually.
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**Usage**
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To find the file sizes in a current working directory, use this command:
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```
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$ sn f
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749 MB ./.rustup/toolchains
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749 MB ./.rustup
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147 MB ./.cargo/bin
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147 MB ./.cargo
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900 MB .
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```
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See? It displays a nicer input in human-readable format by default. You need not to use any extra flags (like **-h** in du command) to get this result.
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To find the file sizes in a specific directory, mention the actual path like below:
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```
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$ sn f <path-to-the-directory>
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```
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We can also sort the list in the output as well. To display the sorted list of the top 5 biggest directories, run:
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```
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$ sn sort /home/sk/ -n5
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749 MB /home/sk/.rustup
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749 MB /home/sk/.rustup/toolchains
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147 MB /home/sk/.cargo
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147 MB /home/sk/.cargo/bin
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2.6 MB /home/sk/mcelog
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900 MB /home/sk/
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```
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For your information, the last result in the above output is the total size of the biggest directories in the given directory i.e **/home/sk/**. So, don’t wonder why you get six results instead of 5.
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To search current directory for directories with build artifacts:
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```
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$ sn ar
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```
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Tin Summer can also search for directories containing artifacts that occupy a certain size of the disk space. Say for example, to search for directories containing artifacts that occupy more than **100MB** of disk space, run:
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```
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$ sn ar -t100M
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```
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Like already mentioned, Tin Summer is faster on larger directories, but it is also slower on small ones. However, the developer assures he will find a way to fix this in the future releases!
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To get help, run:
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```
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$ sn --help
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```
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For more details, check the project’s GitHub repository given at the end of this guide.
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### 3\. Dust
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**Dust** (du+rust=dust) is more intuitive version of du utility. It will give us an instant overview of which directories are occupying the disk space without having to use **head** or **sort** commands. Like Tin Summer, it also displays the size of each directory in human-readable format by default. It is free, open source and written using **Rust** programming language.
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**Installing Dust**
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Since the dust utility is written in Rust, It can be installed using “cargo” package manager like below.
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```
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$ cargo install du-dust
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```
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Alternatively, you can download the latest binary from the [**releases page**][2] and install it as shown below. As of writing this guide, the latest version was **0.3.1**.
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```
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$ wget https://github.com/bootandy/dust/releases/download/v0.3.1/dust-v0.3.1-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz
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```
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Extract the download file:
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```
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$ tar -xvf dust-v0.3.1-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz
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```
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Finally, copy the executable file to your $PATH, for example **/usr/local/bin**.
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```
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$ sudo mv dust /usr/local/bin/
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```
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**Usage**
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To find the total file sizes in the current directory and its sub-directories, run:
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```
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$ dust
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```
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Sample output:
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We can also get the full path of all directories using **-p** flag.
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```
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$ dust -p
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```
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![dust 2][4]
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To get the total size of multiple directories, just mention them with space-separated:
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```
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$ dust <dir1> <dir2>
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```
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Here are some more examples.
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Show the apparent size of the files:
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```
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$ dust -s
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```
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Show particular number of directories only:
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```
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$ dust -n 10
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```
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Show 3 levels of sub-directories in the current directory:
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```
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$ dust -d 3
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```
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For help, run:
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```
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$ dust -h
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```
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For more details, refer the project’s GitHub page given at the end.
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### 4\. Diskus
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**Diskus** It is a simple and fast alternative command line utility to `du -sh`command. The diskus utility computes the total file size of the current directory. It is a parallelized version of `du -sh` or rather `du -sh --bytes` command. The developer of diskus utility claims that it is about **nine times faster** compared to ‘du -sh’. Diskus is minimal, fast and open source program written in **Rust** programming language.
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**Installing diskus**
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The diskus utility is available in [**AUR**][5], so you can install it on Arch-based systems using any AUR helper programs, for example [**Yay**][6] , as shown below.
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```
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$ yay -S diskus
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```
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On Ubuntu and its derivatives, download the latest diskus utility from the [**releases page**][7] and install it as shown below.
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```
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$ wget "https://github.com/sharkdp/diskus/releases/download/v0.3.1/diskus_0.3.1_amd64.deb"
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$ sudo dpkg -i diskus_0.3.1_amd64.deb
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```
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Alternatively, you can install diskus using **Cargo** package manager. Make sure you have installed **Rust 1.29** or higher on your system as described in the link given above in “Installing Tin Summer” section.
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Once you have Rust on your system, run the following command to install diskus:
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```
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$ cargo install diskus
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```
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**Usage**
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Usually, when I want to check the total disk space used by a particular directory, I use the **-sh** flags with **du** command as shown below.
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```
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$ du -sh dir
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```
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Here, **-s** flag indicates summary.
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Using Diskus tool, I find the total size of current working directory with command:
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```
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$ diskus
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```
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I tested diskus to compute the total size of different directories in my Arch Linux system. The speed of computing the total size of the directory is pretty impressive! I must admit that this utility is quite faster than ‘du -sh’. Please be mindful that it can find the size of the current directory only at the moment.
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For getting help, run:
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```
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$ diskus -h
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```
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For more details about Diskus, refer the official GitHub page (link at the end).
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**Suggested read:**
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### 5\. Duu
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**Duu** , short for **D** irectory **U** sage **U** tility, is another tool to find the disk usage of given directory. It is a cross-platform, so you can use it on Windows, Mac OS and Linux operating systems. It is written in **Python** programming language.
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**Installing Duu**
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Make sure you have installed Python3. Python3 is available in the default repositories of most Linux distributions, so the installation wouldn’t be a problem.
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Once Python3 is installed, download the latest Duu version from the official [**releases page**][8].
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```
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$ wget https://github.com/jftuga/duu/releases/download/2.20/duu.py
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```
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**Usage**
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To find the disk space occupied by the current working directory, simply run:
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```
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$ python3 duu.py
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```
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Sample output:
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As you can see in the above output, Duu utility will display a nice summary of total number of files and directories and their total size in bytes, KB and MB. It will also display the total size of each item.
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To display the total disk usage of a specific directory, just mention the full path like below:
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```
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$ python3 duu.py /home/sk/Downloads/
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```
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For more details, refer Duu github page included at the end.
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And, that’s all for now. Hope this was useful. You know now five alternatives to du command. Personally, I prefer Ncdu over all of them given in this guide. Now is your turn. Give them a try and let us know your thoughts on these tools in the comment section below.
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More good stuffs to come. Stay tuned!
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Cheers!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.ostechnix.com/some-good-alternatives-to-du-command/
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作者：[SK][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://github.com/vmchale/tin-summer/releases
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[2]: https://github.com/bootandy/dust/releases
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[3]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
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[4]: http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/dust-2.png
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[5]: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/diskus-bin/
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[6]: https://www.ostechnix.com/yay-found-yet-another-reliable-aur-helper/
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[7]: https://github.com/sharkdp/diskus/releases
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[8]: https://github.com/jftuga/duu/releases
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@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
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几个用于替代 du 命令的更好选择
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======
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大家对 `du` 命令应该都不陌生，它可以在类 Unix 系统中对文件和目录的空间使用情况进行计算和汇总。如果你也经常需要使用 `du` 命令，你会对以下内容感兴趣的。我发现了五个可以替代原有的 `du` 命令的更好的工具。当然，如果后续有更多更好的选择，我会继续列出来。如果你有其它推荐，也欢迎在评论中留言。
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### ncdu
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`ncdu` 作为普通 `du` 的替代品，这在 Linux 社区中已经很流行了。`ncdu` 正是基于开发者们对 `du` 的性能不满意而被开发出来的。`ncdu` 是一个使用 C 语言和 ncurses 接口开发的简易快速的磁盘用量分析器，可以用来查看目录或文件在本地或远程系统上占用磁盘空间的情况。如果你有兴趣查看关于 `ncdu` 的详细介绍，可以浏览《[如何在 Linux 上使用 ncdu 查看磁盘占用量][9]》这一篇文章。
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### tin-summer
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`tin-summer` 是使用 Rust 语言编写的免费开源工具，它可以用于查找占用磁盘空间的文件，它也是 `du` 命令的另一个替代品。由于使用了多线程，因此 `tin-summer` 在计算大目录的大小时会比 `du` 命令快得多。`tin-summer` 与 `du` 命令之间的区别是前者读取文件的大小，而后者则读取磁盘使用情况。
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`tin-summer` 的开发者认为它可以替代 `du`，因为它具有以下优势：
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* 在大目录的操作速度上比 `du` 更快；
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* 在显示结果上默认采用易读格式；
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* 可以使用正则表达式排除文件或目录；
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* 可以对输出进行排序和着色处理；
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* 可扩展，等等。
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**安装 tin-summer**
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要安装 `tin-summer`，只需要在终端中执行以下命令：
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```
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$ curl -LSfs https://japaric.github.io/trust/install.sh | sh -s -- --git vmchale/tin-summer
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```
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你也可以使用 `cargo` 软件包管理器安装 `tin-summer`，但你需要在系统上先安装 Rust。在 Rust 已经安装好的情况下，执行以下命令：
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```
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$ cargo install tin-summer
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```
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如果上面提到的这两种方法都不能成功安装 `tin-summer`，还可以从它的[软件发布页][1]下载最新版本的二进制文件编译，进行手动安装。
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**用法**
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如果需要查看当前工作目录的文件大小，可以执行以下命令：
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```
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$ sn f
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749 MB ./.rustup/toolchains
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749 MB ./.rustup
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147 MB ./.cargo/bin
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147 MB ./.cargo
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900 MB .
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```
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不需要进行额外声明，它也是默认以易读的格式向用户展示数据。在使用 `du` 命令的时候，则必须加上额外的 `-h` 参数才能得到同样的效果。
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只需要按以下的形式执行命令，就可以查看某个特定目录的文件大小。
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```
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$ sn f <path-to-the-directory>
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```
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还可以对输出结果进行排序，例如下面的命令可以输出指定目录中最大的 5 个文件或目录：
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```
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$ sn sort /home/sk/ -n5
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749 MB /home/sk/.rustup
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749 MB /home/sk/.rustup/toolchains
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147 MB /home/sk/.cargo
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147 MB /home/sk/.cargo/bin
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2.6 MB /home/sk/mcelog
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900 MB /home/sk/
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```
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顺便一提，上面结果中的最后一行是指定目录 `/home/sk` 的总大小。所以不要惊讶为什么输入的是 5 而实际输出了 6 行结果。
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在当前目录下查找带有构建工程的目录，可以使用以下命令：
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```
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$ sn ar
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```
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`tin-summer` 同样支持查找指定大小的带有构建工程的目录。例如执行以下命令可以查找到大小在 100 MB 以上的带有构建工程的目录：
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```
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$ sn ar -t100M
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```
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如上文所说，`tin-summer` 在操作大目录的时候速度比较快，因此在操作小目录的时候，速度会相对比较慢一些。不过它的开发者已经表示，将会在以后的版本中优化这个缺陷。
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要获取相关的帮助，可以执行以下命令：
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```
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$ sn --help
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```
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如果想要更详尽的介绍，可以查看[这个项目的 GitHub 页面][10]。
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### dust
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||||
`dust` （含义是 `du` + `rust` = `dust`）使用 Rust 编写，是一个免费、开源的更直观的 `du` 工具。它可以在不需要 `head` 或`sort` 命令的情况下即时显示目录占用的磁盘空间。与 `tin-summer` 一样，它会默认情况以易读的格式显示每个目录的大小。
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**安装 dust**
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||||
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由于 `dust` 也是使用 Rust 编写，因此它也可以通过 `cargo` 软件包管理器进行安装：
|
||||
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||||
```
|
||||
$ cargo install du-dust
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```
|
||||
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||||
也可以从它的[软件发布页][2]下载最新版本的二进制文件，并按照以下步骤安装。在写这篇文章的时候，最新的版本是 0.3.1。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ wget https://github.com/bootandy/dust/releases/download/v0.3.1/dust-v0.3.1-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
抽取文件:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ tar -xvf dust-v0.3.1-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
最后将可执行文件复制到你的 `$PATH`（例如 `/usr/local/bin`）下：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo mv dust /usr/local/bin/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**用法**
|
||||
|
||||
需要查看当前目录及所有子目录下的文件大小，可以执行以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ dust
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
输出示例：
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
带上 `-p` 参数可以按照从当前目录起始的完整目录显示。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ dust -p
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![dust 2][4]
|
||||
|
||||
如果需要查看多个目录的大小，只需要同时列出这些目录，并用空格分隔开即可：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ dust <dir1> <dir2>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
下面再多举几个例子，例如：
|
||||
|
||||
显示文件的长度:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ dust -s
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
只显示 10 个目录：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ dust -n 10
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
查看当前目录下最多 3 层子目录：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ dust -d 3
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
查看帮助：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ dust -h
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果想要更详尽的介绍，可以查看[这个项目的 GitHub 页面][11]。
|
||||
|
||||
### diskus
|
||||
|
||||
`diskus` 也是使用 Rust 编写的一个小型、快速的开源工具，它可以用于替代 `du -sh` 命令。`diskus` 将会计算当前目录下所有文件的总大小，它的效果相当于 `du -sh` 或 `du -sh --bytes`，但其开发者表示 `diskus` 的运行速度是 `du -sh` 的 9 倍。
|
||||
|
||||
**安装 diskus**
|
||||
|
||||
`diskus` 已经存放于 <ruby>Arch Linux 社区用户软件仓库<rt>Arch Linux User-community Repository</rt></ruby>（[AUR][5]）当中，可以通过任何一种 AUR 帮助工具（例如 [`yay`][6]）把它安装在基于 Arch 的系统上：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ yay -S diskus
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
对于 Ubuntu 及其衍生发行版，可以在 `diskus` 的[软件发布页][7]上下载最新版的软件包并安装：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ wget "https://github.com/sharkdp/diskus/releases/download/v0.3.1/diskus_0.3.1_amd64.deb"
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo dpkg -i diskus_0.3.1_amd64.deb
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
还可以使用 `cargo` 软件包管理器安装 `diskus`，但必须在系统上先安装 Rust 1.29+。
|
||||
|
||||
安装好 Rust 之后，就可以使用以下命令安装 `diskus`：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ cargo install diskus
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**用法**
|
||||
|
||||
在通常情况下，如果需要查看某个目录的大小，我会使用形如 `du -sh` 的命令。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ du -sh dir
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这里的 `-s` 参数表示显示总大小。
|
||||
|
||||
如果使用 `diskus`，直接就可以显示当前目录的总大小。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ diskus
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
我使用 `diskus` 查看 Arch Linux 系统上各个目录的总大小，这个工具的速度确实比 `du -sh` 快得多。但是它目前只能显示当前目录的大小。
|
||||
|
||||
要获取相关的帮助，可以执行以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ diskus -h
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果想要更详尽的介绍，可以查看[这个项目的 GitHub 页面][12]。
|
||||
|
||||
### duu
|
||||
|
||||
`duu` 是 Directory Usage Utility 的缩写。它是使用 Python 编写的查看指定目录大小的工具。它具有跨平台的特性，因此在 Windows、Mac OS 和 Linux 系统上都能够使用。
|
||||
|
||||
**安装 duu**
|
||||
|
||||
安装这个工具之前需要先安装 Python 3。不过目前很多 Linux 发行版的默认软件仓库中都带有 Python 3，所以这个依赖并不难解决。
|
||||
|
||||
Python 3 安装完成后，从 `duu` 的[软件发布页][8]下载其最新版本。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ wget https://github.com/jftuga/duu/releases/download/2.20/duu.py
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**用法**
|
||||
|
||||
要查看当前目录的大小，只需要执行以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ python3 duu.py
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
输出示例：
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
从上图可以看出，`duu` 会显示当前目录下文件的数量情况，按照 Byte、KB、MB 单位显示这些文件的总大小，以及每个文件的大小。
|
||||
|
||||
如果需要查看某个目录的大小，只需要声明目录的绝对路径即可：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ python3 duu.py /home/sk/Downloads/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果想要更详尽的介绍，可以查看[这个项目的 GitHub 页面][13]。
|
||||
|
||||
以上就是 `du` 命令的五种替代方案，希望这篇文章能够帮助到你。就我自己而言，我并不会在这五种工具之间交替使用，我更喜欢使用 `ncdu`。欢迎在下面的评论区发表你对这些工具的评论。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.ostechnix.com/some-good-alternatives-to-du-command/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[SK][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[HankChow](https://github.com/HankChow)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://github.com/vmchale/tin-summer/releases
|
||||
[2]: https://github.com/bootandy/dust/releases
|
||||
[3]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
|
||||
[4]: http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/dust-2.png
|
||||
[5]: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/diskus-bin/
|
||||
[6]: https://www.ostechnix.com/yay-found-yet-another-reliable-aur-helper/
|
||||
[7]: https://github.com/sharkdp/diskus/releases
|
||||
[8]: https://github.com/jftuga/duu/releases
|
||||
[9]: https://www.ostechnix.com/check-disk-space-usage-linux-using-ncdu/
|
||||
[10]: https://github.com/vmchale/tin-summer
|
||||
[11]: https://github.com/bootandy/dust
|
||||
[12]: https://github.com/sharkdp/diskus
|
||||
[13]: https://github.com/jftuga/duu
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user