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Luox　翻译
How to Repack Deb Files on Debian and Ubuntu
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**The following tutorial will teach Ubuntu, Linux Mint and Debian GNU/Linux users how to easily unpack and repack a .deb file on their Debian-based Linux operating system.**
![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/How-to-Repack-Deb-Files-on-Debian-and-Ubuntu-404930-2.jpg)
Once in a while you reach a moment in life when, among other things, you want to modify a .deb file, to change something in it and repackage it back. But, only if you are truly into computing and hacking.
The following example is a true story, as it happen to me a while ago. A Linux developer created a Debian package (.deb) for a software, which I’ve install on my Ubuntu powered computer with success.
Apparently, the software did not worked correctly, as it was always stuck when it tried to retrieve some files from a Git repository. So, I knew where the files where installed (in the /opt directory), I’ve searched the code, found the issue and repair it in place. After that, the program was no longer stuck when it tried to retrieve the packages it needed.
So, long story short, I wanted to unpack the .deb file, replace the file I’ve patched in it, and repackage it back so I can install it on other computers or give it to my friends. How do I do that?
After searching the Internet for an answer to my problem, I’ve found a small blog called [ailoo.net][1] where it was explained like this:
mkdir -p extract/DEBIAN
dpkg-deb -x package.deb extract/
dpkg-deb -e package.deb extract/DEBIAN [...do something, e.g. edit the control file...]
mkdir build
dpkg-deb -b extract/ build/
These five commands will do the job like a charm. Let me explain them to you: the first one creates a folder called “extract” and a subfolder called “DEBIAN”; the second command will extract some files from your .deb package in the “extract” folder; the third command will extract the content of the .deb package in the “DEBIAN” subfolder, where you can modify/patch the files you want; the fourth command will create a folder called “build”; and the fifth command will repack the modified files into a new .deb package, which will be generated in the “build” folder.
That’s it! Just remember to stick with the commands above, and modify the files visually with a graphical text editor via your default file manager, after you’ve executed the third command. Do not hesitate to comment below if you run into problems during this tutorial.
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via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/How-to-Repack-Deb-Files-on-Debian-and-Ubuntu-404930.shtml
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[1]:http://ailoo.net/2009/06/repack-a-deb-archive-with-dpkg-deb/
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如何在Debian和Ubuntu下重新打包Deb文件
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**以下教程会教导Ubuntu,Linux Mint和Debian GUN/Linux用户，如何在它们基于Debian的Linux操作系统上轻松的解开和重建.deb文件。**
![](http://i1-news.softpedia-static.com/images/news2/How-to-Repack-Deb-Files-on-Debian-and-Ubuntu-404930-2.jpg)
有时候你会碰到这样或那样的问题，你想要修改.deb文件的部分内容，然后重新打包。但是，也只有你真正的进入计算机世界之中。
下面的例子是刚发生在我身上真实的经历。一位Linux的开发者为一个软件构建了一个Debian包（.deb）,我也成功得将它安装在我的装载Ubuntu的电脑上。
当我试图从一个Git库中检索一些文件时，它总是卡顿，佷显然，该软件并没有正常工作。我知道安装的文件在哪里（/opt目录），所以，我搜查了代码并适当的将部分问题修复。之后，当程序试图检索需要的包时不再卡顿。
所以，长话短说，我要将.deb文件解包，替换上我的补丁文件，然后再重新打包回来。这样我可以其他电脑上安装，或者将有效的包文件给我的朋友。我要怎么做呢？
在网络上搜索问题的答案，我发现一个名叫[ailoo.net][1]的小型博客，类似这样解释：
mkdir -p extract/DEBIAN
dpkg-deb -x package.deb extract/
dpkg-deb -e package.deb extract/DEBIAN [...do something, e.g. edit the control file...]
mkdir build
dpkg-deb -b extract/ build/
这五个命令像一个魔法来完成工作。让我向你解释：第一条命令创建了一个名为“extract”文件夹和一个名为“DEBIAN”的子文件夹；第二条命令会从你的.deb包提取程序文件到“extract”文件夹；第三条命令会解压.deb包的控制文件到“DEBIAN”子文件夹，在那里你就可以 修改／补丁 你想要的文件；第四条命令建立一个名为“build”的文件夹；而第五条命令会将修改后的文件重新构建到一个新的.deb包中，并在 “build” 文件夹中生成。
这就是本次的教程！牢牢地记住上面的命令吧，在你执行第三条命令后，可以通过你默认的文件管理器用一个图形化的文本编辑器，可视化的修改文件。如果你在这个教程上遇到问题，你可以毫不犹豫的评论给我们。
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via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/How-to-Repack-Deb-Files-on-Debian-and-Ubuntu-404930.shtml
译者：[Luoxcat](https://github.com/Luoxcat) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[1]:http://ailoo.net/2009/06/repack-a-deb-archive-with-dpkg-deb/
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