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[Translated by OneNewLife]20161107 When to use NGINX instead of Apache.md
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When to use NGINX instead of Apache
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>They're both popular open-source web servers but, according to NGINX CEO Gus Robertson, they have different use cases. And Microsoft? Its web server has dropped below 10 percent of all active websites for the first time in 20 years.
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Apache is the top web server, but NGINX continues to gain and Microsoft IIS falls below 10 percent for the first time in decades.
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[NGINX][4] has risen to become the number two web server. It surpassed [Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS)][5] long ago and has been creeping up on long-time top web server [Apache][6]. But, NGINX CEO Gus Roberston said in an interview, Apache and NGINX are not after the same audiences.
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"I think Apache is a great web server. NGINX is different use case," said Robertson. "We don't see Apache as a rival. Our customers use NGINX to replace hardware load balancers and build micro-services neither of which is Apache."
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Indeed, Robertson finds that many customers use both open-source web services. "Customers will use NGINX in front of Apache for load balancing and applications. Our architecture is quite different and we can do better concurrent web services." He also said NGINX works better in cloud configurations.
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He concluded, "We're the only web server still growing, everyone else is still shrinking."
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These gains, coupled with Microsoft's loss of 1.2 million active sites, led to Microsoft's share of active sites dropping to 9.27 percent, the first time that it has fallen below 10 percent. Apache increased its market share by 0.19 percentage points and continues to dominate, now with 46.30 percent of active sites. Still, it is true that over the years Apache has been slowly declining, while NGINX is now at 19 percent.That's not quite true. According to the [October Netcraft web server survey][7], Apache saw the largest increase of active sites this month, gaining 1.8 million, while NGINX gained 400,000, the second-largest growth.
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NGINX's developers are seeking to make their open-core commercial web server, [NGINX Plus][8], more competitive by continuing to improve it. With the latest release, [NGINX Plus Release 11 (R11][9]), the server is both easier to extend and customize, and support a broader range of deployments.
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The biggest addition is binary compatibility for [dynamic modules][10]. This means that dynamic modules that have been compiled against the [open-source NGINX software][11] can be loaded into NGINX Plus.
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This means you can leverage the large number of [third‑party NGINX modules][12] to extend and add functionality to NGINX Plus, drawing from a range of open-source and commercially produced modules. Developers can create custom extensions, add‑ons, and new products based on the supported NGINX Plus core.
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NGINX Plus R11 also added other enhancements:
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* [Improved TCP/UDP load balancing][1] -- New features include SSL server name routing, new logging functionality, additional variables, and improved PROXY protocol support. These new features enhance debugging capabilities and enable you to support a broader range of enterprise applications.
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* [Better geolocation by IP address][2] -- The third‑party GeoIP2 module is now certified and provided to NGINX Plus customers. This new version provides localized and richer location detail than the original GeoIP module.
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* [Enhanced nginScript module][3] -- nginScript is the next‑generation configuration language for NGINX Plus, based on JavaScript. New features enable you to modify request and response data on the fly in the Stream (TCP/UDP) module.
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The end result? NGINX is poised to continue to make the race for the top web server a two-horse race. Microsoft IIS? It continues to slowly fade away.
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via: http://www.zdnet.com/article/when-to-use-nginx-instead-of-apache/
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作者：[ Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.zdnet.com/meet-the-team/us/steven-j-vaughan-nichols/
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[1]:https://www.nginx.com/blog/nginx-plus-r11-released/?utm_source=nginx-plus-r11-released&utm_medium=blog#r11-tcp-udp-lb
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[2]:https://www.nginx.com/blog/nginx-plus-r11-released/?utm_source=nginx-plus-r11-released&utm_medium=blog#r11-geoip2
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[3]:https://www.nginx.com/blog/nginx-plus-r11-released/?utm_source=nginx-plus-r11-released&utm_medium=blog#r11-nginScript
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[4]:https://www.nginx.com/
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[5]:https://www.iis.net/
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[6]:https://httpd.apache.org/
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[7]:https://news.netcraft.com/archives/2016/10/21/october-2016-web-server-survey.html
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[8]:https://www.nginx.com/products/
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[9]:https://www.nginx.com/blog/nginx-plus-r11-released/
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[10]:https://www.nginx.com/blog/nginx-plus-r11-released/?utm_source=nginx-plus-r11-released&utm_medium=blog#r11-dynamic-modules
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[11]:https://www.nginx.com/products/download-oss/
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[12]:https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/modules/index.html?utm_source=nginx-plus-r11-released&utm_medium=blog
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OneNewLife translated
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什么时候用 NGINX 来取代 Apache
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=====
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>两者都是主流的开源网络服务器，但是据 NGINX 的首席执行官 Gus Robertson 所言，他们有不同的使用场景。还有微软呢？他们家的服务器的活跃网站份额在 20 年间首次跌破 10%。
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Apache 是最受欢迎的网络服务器，不过 NGINX 正迎头直上，而微软的 IIS 几十年来首次跌破 10%。
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[NGINX][4] 已经成为第二大网络服务器。它在很久以前就已经超越了[微软因特网信息服务（IIS）][5]，并且一直在老大 [Apache][6] 的身后穷追不舍。但是，NGINX 的首席执行官在接受采访时表示，Apache 和 NGINX 的用户群体不一样。
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“我认为 Apache 是一个伟大的网络服务器。NGINX 和它的使用场景不同，”Robertson 说。“我们没有把 Apache 当成竞争对手。我们的用户使用 NGINX 来取代硬件负载均衡器和构建微服务，这两个都不是 Apache 的长处。”
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事实上，Robertson 发现许多用户同时使用了两种开源的网络服务。“用户会在 Apache 的上层使用 NGINX 来实现负载均衡。我们的架构是完全不同的，我们可以做更好的并发网络服务。”他还表示 NGINX 在云配置方面的表现更优秀。
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他总结说，“我们是唯一一个仍然在持续增长的网络服务器，其它的网络服务器都在慢慢成为明日黄花。”
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这些增长，加上微软损失的 120 万个活跃站点，导致微软的活跃网站份额下降到 9.27%，这是他们第一次跌破 10%。Apache 的市场份额提高了 0.19%，并继续领跑市场，现在坐拥 46.3% 的活跃站点。尽管如此，多年来 Apache 一直在缓慢下降，而 NGINX 现在上升到了 19%。这不太准确。根据[Netcraft 十月份的网络服务器调查][7]，Apache 当月的活跃网站增加得最多，获得了 180 万个新站点，而 NGINX 增加了 40 万个新站点，增长率排第二。
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NGINX 的开发者正在努力创造他们的开放商业网络服务器 —— [NGINX Plus][8]，通过不断的改进使其变得更有竞争力。NGINX Plus 最新的 [第 11 个发行版（R11）][9]发行了，这个版本更易于扩展和自定义，并支持更广泛的部署。
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这次最大的补充是 [动态模块][10] 的二进制兼容性。这意味着通过 [开源 NGINX 软件][11] 编译的动态模块可以加载到 NGINX Plus。
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这意味着你可以利用大量的 [第三方 NGINX 模块][12] 来扩展 NGINX Plus 的功能，仿照一系列开源和商业化的生产模块。开发者可以基于支持 NGINX Plus 的内核创建自定义扩展、附加组件和新产品。
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NGINX Plus R11 还增强了其它功能：
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* [提升 TCP/UDP 负载均衡][1] —— 新功能包括 SSL 服务器路由、新的日志功能、附加变量以及改进的代理协议支持。这些新功能增强了调试功能，使你能够支持更广泛的企业应用。
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* [更好的 IP 定位][2] —— 第三方的 GeoIP2 模块现在已经通过认证，并提供给 NGINX Plus 用户。这个新版本提供比原来的 GeoIP 模块更精准和丰富的位置信息。
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* [增强的 nginScript 模块][3] —— nginScript 是基于 JavaScript 的 NGINX Plus 的下一代配置语言。新功能可以让你在流（TCP/UDP）模块中即时修改请求和响应数据。
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The end result? NGINX is poised to continue to make the race for the top web server a two-horse race. Microsoft IIS? It continues to slowly fade away.
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最终结果？NGINX 准备继续与 Apache 竞争顶级网络服务器的宝座。至于微软的 IIS？它将逐渐消亡。
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via: http://www.zdnet.com/article/when-to-use-nginx-instead-of-apache/
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作者：[ Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols][a]
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译者：[OneNewLife](https://github.com/OneNewLife)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.zdnet.com/meet-the-team/us/steven-j-vaughan-nichols/
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[1]:https://www.nginx.com/blog/nginx-plus-r11-released/?utm_source=nginx-plus-r11-released&utm_medium=blog#r11-tcp-udp-lb
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[2]:https://www.nginx.com/blog/nginx-plus-r11-released/?utm_source=nginx-plus-r11-released&utm_medium=blog#r11-geoip2
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[3]:https://www.nginx.com/blog/nginx-plus-r11-released/?utm_source=nginx-plus-r11-released&utm_medium=blog#r11-nginScript
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[4]:https://www.nginx.com/
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[5]:https://www.iis.net/
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[6]:https://httpd.apache.org/
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[7]:https://news.netcraft.com/archives/2016/10/21/october-2016-web-server-survey.html
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[8]:https://www.nginx.com/products/
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[9]:https://www.nginx.com/blog/nginx-plus-r11-released/
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[10]:https://www.nginx.com/blog/nginx-plus-r11-released/?utm_source=nginx-plus-r11-released&utm_medium=blog#r11-dynamic-modules
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[11]:https://www.nginx.com/products/download-oss/
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[12]:https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/modules/index.html?utm_source=nginx-plus-r11-released&utm_medium=blog
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