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-[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
-[#]: translator: (Moelf)
-[#]: reviewer: ( )
-[#]: publisher: ( )
-[#]: url: ( )
-[#]: subject: (A Look Back at the History of Firefox)
-[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/history-of-firefox)
-[#]: author: (John Paul https://itsfoss.com/author/john/)
-
-A Look Back at the History of Firefox
-======
-
-The Firefox browser has been a mainstay of the open-source community for a long time. For many years it was the default web browser on (almost) all Linux distros and the lone obstacle to Microsoft’s total dominance of the internet. This browser has roots that go back all the way to the very early days of the internet. Since this week marks the 30th anniversary of the internet, there is no better time to talk about how Firefox became the browser we all know and love.
-
-### Early Roots
-
-In the early 1990s, a young man named [Marc Andreessen][1] was working on his bachelor’s degree in computer science at the University of Illinois. While there, he started working for the [National Center for Supercomputing Applications][2]. During that time [Sir Tim Berners-Lee][3] released an early form of the web standards that we know today. Marc [was introduced][4] to a very primitive web browser named [ViolaWWW][5]. Seeing that the technology had potential, Marc and Eric Bina created an easy to install browser for Unix named [NCSA Mosaic][6]). The first alpha was released in June 1993. By September, there were ports to Windows and Macintosh. Mosaic became very popular because it was easier to use than other browsing software.
-
-In 1994, Marc graduated and moved to California. He was approached by Jim Clark, who had made his money selling computer hardware and software. Clark had used Mosaic and saw the financial possibilities of the internet. Clark recruited Marc and Eric to start an internet software company. The company was originally named Mosaic Communications Corporation, however, the University of Illinois did not like [their use of the name Mosaic][7]. As a result, the company name was changed to Netscape Communications Corporation.
-
-The company’s first project was an online gaming network for the Nintendo 64, but that fell through. The first product they released was a web browser named Mosaic Netscape 0.9, subsequently renamed Netscape Navigator. Internally, the browser project was codenamed mozilla, which stood for “Mosaic killer”. An employee created a cartoon of a [Godzilla like creature][8]. They wanted to take out the competition.
-
-![Early Firefox Mascot][9]Early Mozilla mascot at Netscape
-
-They succeed mightily. At the time, one of the biggest advantages that Netscape had was the fact that its browser looked and functioned the same on every operating system. Netscape described this as giving everyone a level playing field.
-
-As usage of Netscape Navigator increase, the market share of NCSA Mosaic cratered. In 1995, Netscape went public. [On the first day][10], the stock started at $28, jumped to $75 and ended the day at $58. Netscape was without any rivals.
-
-But that didn’t last for long. In the summer of 1994, Microsoft released Internet Explorer 1.0, which was based on Spyglass Mosaic which was based on NCSA Mosaic. The [browser wars][11] had begun.
-
-Over the next few years, Netscape and Microsoft competed for dominance of the internet. Each added features to compete with the other. Unfortunately, Internet Explorer had an advantage because it came bundled with Windows. On top of that, Microsoft had more programmers and money to throw at the problem. Toward the end of 1997, Netscape started to run into financial problems.
-
-### Going Open Source
-
-![Mozilla Firefox][12]
-
-In January 1998, Netscape open-sourced the code of the Netscape Communicator 4.0 suite. The [goal][13] was to “harness the creative power of thousands of programmers on the Internet by incorporating their best enhancements into future versions of Netscape’s software. This strategy is designed to accelerate development and free distribution by Netscape of future high-quality versions of Netscape Communicator to business customers and individuals.”
-
-The project was to be shepherded by the newly created Mozilla Organization. However, the code from Netscape Communicator 4.0 proved to be very difficult to work with due to its size and complexity. On top of that, several parts could not be open sourced because of licensing agreements with third parties. In the end, it was decided to rewrite the browser from scratch using the new [Gecko][14]) rendering engine.
-
-In November 1998, Netscape was acquired by AOL for [stock swap valued at $4.2 billion][15].
-
-Starting from scratch was a major undertaking. Mozilla Firefox (initially nicknamed Phoenix) was created in June 2002 and it worked on multiple operating systems, such as Linux, Mac OS, Microsoft Windows, and Solaris.
-
-The following year, AOL announced that they would be shutting down browser development. The Mozilla Foundation was subsequently created to handle the Mozilla trademarks and handle the financing of the project. Initially, the Mozilla Foundation received $2 million in donations from AOL, IBM, Sun Microsystems, and Red Hat.
-
-In March 2003, Mozilla [announced pl][16][a][16][ns][16] to separate the suite into stand-alone applications because of creeping software bloat. The stand-alone browser was initially named Phoenix. However, the name was changed due to a trademark dispute with the BIOS manufacturer Phoenix Technologies, which had a BIOS-based browser named trademark dispute with the BIOS manufacturer Phoenix Technologies. Phoenix was renamed Firebird only to run afoul of the Firebird database server people. The browser was once more renamed to the Firefox that we all know.
-
-At the time, [Mozilla said][17], “We’ve learned a lot about choosing names in the past year (more than we would have liked to). We have been very careful in researching the name to ensure that we will not have any problems down the road. We have begun the process of registering our new trademark with the US Patent and Trademark office.”
-
-![Mozilla Firefox 1.0][18]Firefox 1.0 : [Picture Credit][19]
-
-The first official release of Firefox was [0.8][20] on February 8, 2004. 1.0 followed on November 9, 2004. Version 2.0 and 3.0 followed in October 2006 and June 2008 respectively. Each major release brought with it many new features and improvements. In many respects, Firefox pulled ahead of Internet Explorer in terms of features and technology, but IE still had more users.
-
-That changed with the release of Google’s Chrome browser. In the months before the release of Chrome in September 2008, Firefox accounted for 30% of all [browser usage][21] and IE had over 60%. According to StatCounter’s [January 2019 report][22], Firefox accounts for less than 10% of all browser usage, while Chrome has over 70%.
-
-Fun Fact
-
-Contrary to popular belief, the logo of Firefox doesn’t feature a fox. It’s actually a [Red Panda][23]. In Chinese, “fire fox” is another name for the red panda.
-
-### The Future
-
-As noted above, Firefox currently has the lowest market share in its recent history. There was a time when a bunch of browsers were based on Firefox, such as the early version of the [Flock browser][24]). Now most browsers are based on Google technology, such as Opera and Vivaldi. Even Microsoft is giving up on browser development and [joining the Chromium band wagon][25].
-
-This might seem like quite a downer after the heights of the early Netscape years. But don’t forget what Firefox has accomplished. A group of developers from around the world have created the second most used browser in the world. They clawed 30% market share away from Microsoft’s monopoly, they can do it again. After all, they have us, the open source community, behind them.
-
-The fight against the monopoly is one of the several reasons [why I use Firefox][26]. Mozilla regained some of its lost market-share with the revamped release of [Firefox Quantum][27] and I believe that it will continue the upward path.
-
-What event from Linux and open source history would you like us to write about next? Please let us know in the comments below.
-
-If you found this article interesting, please take a minute to share it on social media, Hacker News or [Reddit][28].
-
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: https://itsfoss.com/history-of-firefox
-
-作者：[John Paul][a]
-选题：[lujun9972][b]
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
-校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
-
-[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/john/
-[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
-[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Andreessen
-[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Supercomputing_Applications
-[3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee
-[4]: https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/TimBook-old/History.html
-[5]: http://viola.org/
-[6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_(web_browser
-[7]: http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/1789/Marc-Andreessen/
-[8]: http://www.davetitus.com/mozilla/
-[9]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Mozilla_boxing.jpg?ssl=1
-[10]: https://www.marketwatch.com/story/netscape-ipo-ignited-the-boom-taught-some-hard-lessons-20058518550
-[11]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_wars
-[12]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/mozilla-firefox.jpg?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
-[13]: https://web.archive.org/web/20021001071727/wp.netscape.com/newsref/pr/newsrelease558.html
-[14]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gecko_(software)
-[15]: http://news.cnet.com/2100-1023-218360.html
-[16]: https://web.archive.org/web/20050618000315/http://www.mozilla.org/roadmap/roadmap-02-Apr-2003.html
-[17]: https://www-archive.mozilla.org/projects/firefox/firefox-name-faq.html
-[18]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/firefox-1.jpg?ssl=1
-[19]: https://www.iceni.com/blog/firefox-1-0-introduced-2004/
-[20]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefox_version_history
-[21]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usage_share_of_web_browsers
-[22]: http://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share/desktop/worldwide/#monthly-201901-201901-bar
-[23]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_panda
-[24]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flock_(web_browser
-[25]: https://www.windowscentral.com/microsoft-building-chromium-powered-web-browser-windows-10
-[26]: https://itsfoss.com/why-firefox/
-[27]: https://itsfoss.com/firefox-quantum-ubuntu/
-[28]: http://reddit.com/r/linuxusersgroup
-[29]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/mozilla-firefox.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1
diff --git a/translated/talk/20190314 A Look Back at the History of Firefox.md b/translated/talk/20190314 A Look Back at the History of Firefox.md
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+++ b/translated/talk/20190314 A Look Back at the History of Firefox.md	
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
+[#]: translator: (Moelf)
+[#]: reviewer: ( )
+[#]: publisher: ( )
+[#]: url: ( )
+[#]: subject: (A Look Back at the History of Firefox)
+[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/history-of-firefox)
+[#]: author: (John Paul https://itsfoss.com/author/john/)
+
+回顾 Firefox 历史
+======
+
+火狐浏览器从很久之前就一直是开源社区的一根顶梁柱。多年来它一直作为几乎所有 Linux 发行版的默认浏览器，并且曾是阻挡微软彻底争霸浏览器界的最后一块磐石。这款浏览器的根子可以一直最回溯到互联网创生的时代。这周标志着互联网成立30周年，趁这个机会回顾一下我们熟悉并爱戴的火狐浏览器实在是再好不过了。
+
+### 发源
+
+在90年代早期，一个叫 [Marc Andreessen][1] 的年轻人正在伊利诺伊大学（U of Illinois）就读本科计算机科学。他那时还为[国家超算应用中心][2]工作。Marc 在那时候[了解][4]到了一款叫[ViolaWWW][5]的化石级浏览器。Marc 和 Eric Bina 看到了这种技术的潜力，他们开发了一个易于安装的 Unix 浏览器取名 [NCSA Mosaic][6]。第一个 alpha 版本发布于 1993 年 6 月。到 9 月的时候，浏览器已经有 Windows 和 Macintosh 移植版本了。因为比当时其他任何浏览器软件都易于使用，Mosaic 很快变得相当流行。
+
+1994 年，Marc 毕业并移居到加州。他被一个叫 Jim Clark 的人找上了，Clark 那时候通过卖电脑软硬件赚了点钱。Clark 也用过 Mosaic 浏览器并且在互联网上看到了发家的机会。Clark 创立了一家公司并且雇了 Marc 和 Eric 专做互联网软件。公司一开始叫 “Mosaic 通讯”，但是伊利诺伊大学不喜欢他们[名字里用 Mosaic][7]。所以公司转而改名大家后来熟悉的 “Netscape Communication 企业”。
+
+公司的第一个企划是给任天堂 64 开发在线对战网络，然而不怎么成功。他们第一个以公司名义发布的产品是一款叫做 Mosaic Netscape 0.9 的浏览器，很快这款浏览器被改名叫 Netscape Navigator。在内部，浏览器的开发代号就是 mozilla，意味着”Mosaic 杀手“。一位员工还创作了一幅[类似哥斯拉的][8]卡通画。他们当时想在竞争中彻底胜出。
+
+
+![Early Firefox Mascot][9]早期 Mozilla 在 Netscape 的吉祥物
+
+他们取得了辉煌的生理。那时，Netscape 最大的优势是他们的浏览器在各种操作系统上体验极为一致。Netscape 把这个情况宣传为给所有人公平的互联网体验。
+
+随着越来越多的人使用 Netscape Navigator，NCSA Mosaic 的市场份额逐步下降。到了 1995 年，Netscape 公开上市了。[第一天][10]，股价从开盘的 $28，直窜到 $78，收盘于 $58。Netscape 那时所向披靡。
+
+但好景不长。在 1994 年的夏天，微软发布了 Internet Explorer 1.0，这款浏览器基于 Spyglass Mosaic，而后者又直接基于 NCSA Mosaic。[浏览器战争][11] 就此展开。
+
+在接下来的几年里，Netscape 和微软就浏览器霸主地位展开斗争。他们各自加入了很多新特性以取得优势。不幸的是，IE 有和 Windows 操作系统捆绑的巨大优势。更甚于此，微软也有更多的程序员和资本可以调动。在接近 1997 年的尾声，Netscape 公司开始逐步有金融困难。
+
+
+### 迈向开源
+
+![Mozilla Firefox][12]
+
+1998 年 1 月，Netscape 开源了 Netscape Communicator 4.0 软件套装的代码。[旨在][13] ”集合互联网上万千程序员的才智，把最好的功能加入 Netscape 的软件。这一策略能加速开发并且让 Netscape 能自由的向个人和商业用户提供未来高质量的 Netscape Communicator“。
+
+这个项目会由新创立的 Mozilla Orgnization 管理。然而，Netscape Communicator 4.0 的代码由于大小和复杂性，很难被社区上的程序员们独自开发。雪上加霜的是，浏览器的一些组件由于第三方证书问题并不能被开源。到头来，他们决定用新星的 [Gecko][14] 重写渲染引擎。
+
+到了 1998 年的 11 月，Netscape 被美国在线（AOL）收购，[价格是价值 42 亿美元的股权][15]。
+
+从头来过是一项艰巨的任务。Mozilla Firefox（一开始有昵称 Phoenix）直到 2002 年 6 月才面世，它同样支持多系统：Linux，Mac OS，微软 Windows，Solaris。
+
+到了第二年，AOL 宣布他们会停止浏览器开发。紧接着 Mozilla 基金会成立了，用于管理 Mozilla 的商标和项目相关的金融情况。最早 Mozilla 基金会收到了一笔来自 AOL，IBM，Sun 微型操作系统和红帽（Red Hat）总计 2 百万美金的捐赠。
+
+到了 2003 年 3月，Mozilla [宣布][16] 由于越来越沉重的软件包袱，计划把浏览器套件分割成单独的应用。这个单独的浏览器一开始起名 Phoenix。但是由于和 BIOS 制造企业凤凰科技的商标官司，浏览器改名 Firebird 火鸟——结果和火鸟数据库的开发者又起了冲突。浏览器只能再次被重命名，才有了现在家喻户晓的 Firefox 火狐。
+
+那时，[Mozilla 说][17]，”我们在过去一年里学到了很多关于起名的技巧（不是因为我们愿意才学的）。我们现在很小心地研究了名字，确保未来不会再有什么夭蛾子了。我们同时展开了在美国专利局和商标办注册我们新品牌的流程”。
+
+
+![Mozilla Firefox 1.0][18]Firefox 1.0 : [照片致谢][19]
+
+第一个正式的 Firefox 版本是 [0.8][20]，发布于 2004 年 2 月 8 日。紧接着 11 月 9 日他们发布了 1.0 版本。接着 2.0 和 3.0 分别在 06 年 10 月 和 08 年 6 月问世。每个大版本更新都带来了很多新的特性和提升。从很多角度上讲，Firefox 都领先 IE 不少，无论是功能还是技术先进性，即便如此 IE 还是有更多用户。
+
+一切都在 Google 发布 Chrome 浏览器的时候改变了。在 Chrome 发布（2008 年 9 月）的前几个月，Firefox 占有 30% 的[浏览器份额][21] 而 IE 有超过 60%。而在 [2019 年 1 月][22] 的 StatCounter's 报告里，Firefox 有不到 10% 的份额，而 Chrome 有超过 70%。
+
+趣味知识点
+
+和大家以为的不一样，火狐的 logo 其实没有狐狸。那其实是个 [红的熊猫][23]。在中文里，“火狐狸”是红熊猫的一个昵称（译者：我真的从来没听说过）
+
+### 展望未来
+
+如上文所说的一样，Firefox 正在经历很长一段以来的份额低谷。曾经有那么一段时间，有很多浏览器都基于 Firefox 开发，比如早期的 [Flock 浏览器][24]。而现在大多数浏览器都基于谷歌的技术了，比如 Opera 和 Vivaldi。甚至连微软都放弃开发自己的浏览器而转而[加入 Chromium 帮派][25]。
+
+这也许看起来和 Netscape 当年的辉煌形成鲜明的对比。但让我们不要忘记 Firefox 已经有的许多成就。一群来自世界各地的程序员，就这么开发除了星球上第二大份额的浏览器。他们在微软垄断如日中天的时候还占据这 30% 的份额，他们现在也在做一样的事。无论如何，他们都有我们，开源社区，坚定地站在他们身后。
+
+抗争垄断是众多我使用 Firefox [的原因之一][26]。Mozilla 在改头换面的 [Firefox Quantum][27] 上赢回了一些份额，我相信他们还能一路向上攀爬。
+
+你还想了解 Linux 和开源历史上的什么其他事件？欢迎在评论区告诉我们。
+
+如果你觉得这篇文章不错，请大方在社交媒体上分享！比如 Hacker News 或者 [Reddit][28]。（译者：可惜 Reddit 已经是不存在的网站了）
+
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: https://itsfoss.com/history-of-firefox
+
+作者：[John Paul][a]
+选题：[lujun9972][b]
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/john/
+[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
+[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Andreessen
+[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Supercomputing_Applications
+[3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee
+[4]: https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/TimBook-old/History.html
+[5]: http://viola.org/
+[6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_(web_browser
+[7]: http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/1789/Marc-Andreessen/
+[8]: http://www.davetitus.com/mozilla/
+[9]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Mozilla_boxing.jpg?ssl=1
+[10]: https://www.marketwatch.com/story/netscape-ipo-ignited-the-boom-taught-some-hard-lessons-20058518550
+[11]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_wars
+[12]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/mozilla-firefox.jpg?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
+[13]: https://web.archive.org/web/20021001071727/wp.netscape.com/newsref/pr/newsrelease558.html
+[14]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gecko_(software)
+[15]: http://news.cnet.com/2100-1023-218360.html
+[16]: https://web.archive.org/web/20050618000315/http://www.mozilla.org/roadmap/roadmap-02-Apr-2003.html
+[17]: https://www-archive.mozilla.org/projects/firefox/firefox-name-faq.html
+[18]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/firefox-1.jpg?ssl=1
+[19]: https://www.iceni.com/blog/firefox-1-0-introduced-2004/
+[20]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefox_version_history
+[21]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usage_share_of_web_browsers
+[22]: http://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share/desktop/worldwide/#monthly-201901-201901-bar
+[23]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_panda
+[24]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flock_(web_browser
+[25]: https://www.windowscentral.com/microsoft-building-chromium-powered-web-browser-windows-10
+[26]: https://itsfoss.com/why-firefox/
+[27]: https://itsfoss.com/firefox-quantum-ubuntu/
+[28]: http://reddit.com/r/linuxusersgroup
+[29]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/mozilla-firefox.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1