diff --git a/sources/tech/20171109 How to record statistics about a Linux machine-s uptime.md b/sources/tech/20171109 How to record statistics about a Linux machine-s uptime.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1a5be11efa --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20171109 How to record statistics about a Linux machine-s uptime.md @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ +How to record statistics about a Linux machine’s uptime +====== +Linux/Unix sysadmins have a weird obsession with server uptime. There is a xkcd comic devoted to this subject where a good sysadmin is an unstoppable force that it stands between the forces of darkness and your cat blog's servers. +[![Fig.01: Devotion to Duty https://xkcd.com/705/][1]][1] +One can tell how long the Linux system has been running using the uptime command or [w command][2] or top command. I can get [a report of the historical and statistical running time of the system][3], keeping it between restarts using tuptime tool. + +Like uptime command but with the more impressive output. Recently I discovered another tool called uptimed that records statistics about a machine's uptime. Let us see how to get uptime record statistics using uptimed and uprecords on Linux operating system. + +Finding uptime is pretty easy, just type the following on your Linux based system: +``` +$ **uptime -p** +up 2 weeks, 4 days, 7 hours, 28 minutes +``` +To keep historical stats about uptime use either [tuptime][3] or uptimed tool. + +## uptimed installation + +The simplest way to install uptimed locally is through your package managers such as apt/apt-get/yum and friends as per your Linux distro. + +### Install uptimed on a Debian/Ubuntu Linux + +Type the following [apt command][4]/[apt-get command][5]: +`$ sudo apt-get install uptimed` +Sample outputs: +``` +Reading package lists... Done +Building dependency tree +Reading state information... Done +The following additional packages will be installed: + libuptimed0 +The following NEW packages will be installed: + libuptimed0 uptimed +0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded. +Need to get 40.7 kB of archives. +After this operation, 228 kB of additional disk space will be used. +Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y +Get:1 http://mirrors.linode.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 libuptimed0 amd64 1:0.3.17-4 [9,050 B] +Get:2 http://mirrors.linode.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 uptimed amd64 1:0.3.17-4 [31.6 kB] +Fetched 40.7 kB in 0s (2,738 kB/s) +Preconfiguring packages ... +Selecting previously unselected package libuptimed0. +(Reading database ... 39163 files and directories currently installed.) +Preparing to unpack .../libuptimed0_1%3a0.3.17-4_amd64.deb ... +Unpacking libuptimed0 (1:0.3.17-4) ... +Selecting previously unselected package uptimed. +Preparing to unpack .../uptimed_1%3a0.3.17-4_amd64.deb ... +Unpacking uptimed (1:0.3.17-4) ... +Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu21) ... +Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ... +Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ... +Setting up libuptimed0 (1:0.3.17-4) ... +Setting up uptimed (1:0.3.17-4) ... +Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu9) ... +Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu21) ... +Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ... +``` + +### Install uptimed on a CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Oracle/Scientific Linux + +First [enable EPEL repo on a CentOS/RHEL][6]: +`$ sudo yum -y install epel-release` +Next, type the following [yum command][7]: +`$ sudo yum install uptimed` +Sample outputs: +``` +Loaded plugins: fastestmirror +Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile + * base: centos.excellmedia.net + * epel: ftp.cuhk.edu.hk + * extras: centos.excellmedia.net + * updates: centos.excellmedia.net +Resolving Dependencies +--> Running transaction check +---> Package uptimed.x86_64 0:0.4.0-6.el7 will be installed +--> Finished Dependency Resolution + +Dependencies Resolved + +=============================================================================== + Package Arch Version Repository Size +=============================================================================== +Installing: + uptimed x86_64 0.4.0-6.el7 epel 47 k + +Transaction Summary +=============================================================================== +Install 1 Package + +Total download size: 47 k +Installed size: 98 k +Is this ok [y/d/N]: y +Downloading packages: +uptimed-0.4.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm | 47 kB 00:01 +Running transaction check +Running transaction test +Transaction test succeeded +Running transaction + Installing : uptimed-0.4.0-6.el7.x86_64 1/1 + Verifying : uptimed-0.4.0-6.el7.x86_64 1/1 + +Installed: + uptimed.x86_64 0:0.4.0-6.el7 + +Complete! +``` + +If you are using **a Fedora Linux** , run the following dnf command: +`$ sudo dnf install uptimed` + +### Install uptimed on an Arch Linux + +Type the following pacman command: +`$ sudo pacman -S uptimed` + +### Install uptimed on a Gentoo Linux + +Type the following emerge command: +`$ sudo emerge --ask uptimed` + +## How to configure uptimed + +Edit the file /etc/uptimed.conf using a text editor such as vim command: +`$ sudo vim /etc/uptimed.conf` +At least set an email address to mail milestones/records to. Assumes sendmail compatible MTA installed as /usr/lib/sendmail. +``` +EMAIL=vivek@server1.cyberciti.biz +``` +Save and close the file. + +### How do I enable uptimed service at boot time? + +Enable uptimed service using the systemctl command: +`$ sudo systemctl enable uptimed` + +### How do I start/stop/restart or view status of uptimed service? + +``` +$ sudo systemctl start uptimed ## start it ## +$ sudo systemctl stop uptimed ## stop it ## +$ sudo systemctl restart uptimed ## restart it ## +$ sudo systemctl status uptimed ## view status ## +``` +Sample outputs: +``` +● uptimed.service - uptime record daemon + Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/uptimed.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) + Active: active (running) since Thu 2017-11-09 17:49:14 UTC; 18min ago + Main PID: 11137 (uptimed) + CGroup: /system.slice/uptimed.service + └─11137 /usr/sbin/uptimed -f + +Nov 09 17:49:14 gfs04 systemd[1]: Started uptime record daemon. +``` + +## How to see uptime record + +Simply type the following command to see statistics from the uptimed(8) program: +``` +$ uprecords +``` +Sample outputs: +[![Fig.02: uprecords in action][9]][9] +uprecords has a few more option: +``` +$ uprecords -? +``` +Sample outputs: +``` +usage: uprecords [OPTION]... + + -? this help + -a do not print ansi codes + -b sort by boottime + -B reverse sort by boottime + -k sort by sysinfo + -K reverse sort by sysinfo + -d print downtime seen before every uptimes instead of system + -c do not show current entry if not in top entries + -f run continously in a loop + -s do not print extra statistics + -w wide output (more than 80 cols per line) + -i INTERVAL use INTERVAL seconds for loop instead of 5, implies -f + -m COUNT show a maximum of top COUNT entries instead of 10 + -M show next milestone + -v version information +``` + +## Conclusion + +This is an excellent little tool to show your server uptime records to prove your uptime and business continuity. On a related note, you should get the official [XKCD sysadmin t-shirt][10] as comic was made into a shirt, which includes a new illustration on the back. +[![Fig.03: Sysadmin XKCD shirt features the original comic on the front and a new illustration on the back.][11]][11] + + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/see-records-statistics-about-a-linux-servers-uptime/ + +作者：[][a] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:https://www.cyberciti.biz +[1]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/cms/2017/11/devotion_to_duty.png +[2]:https://www.cyberciti.biz//www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-w-command-examples-syntax-usage-2/ (See Linux/Unix w command examples for more info) +[3]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/howto-see-historical-statistical-uptime-on-linux-server/ +[4]:https://www.cyberciti.biz//www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ubuntu-lts-debian-linux-apt-command-examples/ (See Linux/Unix apt command examples for more info) +[5]:https://www.cyberciti.biz//www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-debian-package-management-cheat-sheet.html (See Linux/Unix apt-get command examples for more info) +[6]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/installing-rhel-epel-repo-on-centos-redhat-7-x/ +[7]:https://www.cyberciti.biz//www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-centos-fedora-linux-yum-command-howto/ (See Linux/Unix yum command examples for more info) +[8]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection +[9]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/cms/2017/11/uprecord-screenshot.jpg +[10]:https://store.xkcd.com/collections/apparel/products/sysadmin +[11]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/cms/2017/11/sysadmin_shirt_5_1024x1024.jpg