document/TranslateProject
2
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git synced 2025-02-03 23:40:14 +08:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Merge pull request #9006 from MjSeven/master

Browse Source 
20141217 The Best Linux Tools for Teachers and Students.md 翻译完毕
This commit is contained in:
MjSeven 2018-06-01 23:20:15 +08:00 committed by GitHub
commit c736b9731f
No known key found for this signature in database
GPG Key ID: 4AEE18F83AFDEB23
2 changed files with 170 additions and 177 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

177
sources/tech/20141217 The Best Linux Tools for Teachers and Students.md
View File

@ -1,177 +0,0 @@
Translating by MjSeven
The Best Linux Tools for Teachers and Students
======
Linux is a platform ready for everyone. If you have a niche, Linux is ready to meet or exceed the needs of said niche. One such niche is education. If you are a teacher or a student, Linux is ready to help you navigate the waters of nearly any level of the educational system. From study aids, to writing papers, to managing classes, to running an entire institution, Linux has you covered.
If you’re unsure how, let me introduce you to a few tools Linux has at the ready. Some of these tools require little to no learning curve, whereas others require a full blown system administrator to install, setup, and manage. We’ll start with the simple and make our way to the complex.
### Study aids
Everyone studies a bit differently and every class requires a different type and level of studying. Fortunately, Linux has plenty of study aids. Let’s take a look at a few examples:
Flash Cards ─ [KWordQuiz][1] (Figure 1) is one of the many flashcard applications available for the Linux platform. KWordQuiz uses the kvtml file format and you can download plenty of pre-made, contributed files to use [here][2]. KWordQuiz is part of the KDE desktop environment, but can be installed on other desktops (KDE dependencies will be installed alongside the flashcard app).
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/kwordquiz-sm.png)
### Language tools
Thanks to an ever-shrinking world, foreign language has become a crucial element of education. You’ll find plenty of language tools, including [Kiten][3] (Figure 2) the kanji browser for the KDE desktop.
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/kiten.jpg)
If Japanese isn’t your language, you could try [Jargon Informatique][4]. This dictionary is entirely in French and, so if you’re new to the language, you might want to stick with something like [Google Translate][5].
### Writing Aids/ Note Taking
Linux has everything you need to keep notes on a subject and write those term papers. Let’s start with taking notes. If you’re familiar with Microsoft OneNote, you'll love [BasKet Note Pads][6]. With this app, you can create baskets for subjects and add just about anything ─ notes, links, images, cross references (to other baskets ─ Figure 3), app launchers, load from file, and more.
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/basket.jpg)
You can create baskets that are free-form, so elements can be moved around to suit your need. If you prefer a more ordered feel, create a columned basket to retain those notes walled in.
Of course, the mother of all writing aids for Linux would be [LibreOffice][7]. The default office suite on most Linux distributions, LibreOffice has your text documents, spreadsheets, presentations, databases, formula, and drawing covered.
The one caveat to using LibreOffice in an educational environment, is that you will most likely have to save your documents in the MS Office format.
### Education-specific distribution
With all of this said about Linux applications geared toward the student in mind, it might behoove you to take a look at one of the distributions created specifically for education. The best in breed is [Edubuntu][8]. This grassroots Linux distribution aims at getting Linux into schools, homes, and communities. Edubuntu uses the default Ubuntu desktop (the Unity shell) and adds the following software:
+ KDE Education Suite
+ GCompris
+ Celestia
+ Tux4Kids
+ Epoptes
+ LTSP
+ GBrainy
+ and much more.
Edubuntu isn’t the only game in town. If you’d rather test other education-specific Linux distributions, here’s the short list:
+ Debian-Edu
+ Fedora Education Spin
+ Guadalinux-Edu
+ OpenSuse-Edu
+ Qimo for Kids
+ Uberstudent.
### Classroom/institutional administration
This is where the Linux platform really shines. There are a number of tools geared specifically for administering. Let’s first look at tools specific to the classroom.
[iTalc][9] is a powerful didactical environment for the classroom. With this tool, teachers can view and control students desktops (supporting Linux and Windows). The iTalc system allows teachers to view what’s happening on a student's desktop, take control of their desktop, lock their desktop, show demonstrations to desktops, power on/off desktops, send text messages to students' desktops, and much more.
[aTutor][10] (Figure 4) is an open source Learning Management System (LMS) focused on developing online courses and e-learning content. Where aTutor really shines is the creation and management of online tests and quizzes. Of course, aTutor is not limited to testing purposes. With this powerful software, students and teachers can enjoy:
* Social networking
* Profiles
* Messaging
* Adaptive navigation
* Work groups
* File storage
* Group blogs
* and much more.
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/atutor.png)
Course material is easy to create and deploy (you can even assign tests/quizzes to specific study groups).
[Moodle][11] is one of the most widely used educational management software titles available. With Moodle you can manage, teach, learn, and even participate in your child’s education. This powerhouse software offers collaborative tools for teachers and students, exams, calendars, forums, file management, course management (Figure 5), notifications, progress tracking, mass enrollment, bulk course creation, attendance, and much more.
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/moodle.png)
[OpenSIS][12] stands for Open Source Student Information System and does a great job of managing your educational institution. There is a free community edition, but even with the paid version you can look forward to reducing ownership costs for a school district by up to 75 percent (when compared to proprietary solutions).
OpenSIS includes the following features/modules:
* Attendance (Figure 6)
* Contact information
* Student demographics
* Gradebook
* Scheduling
* Health records
* Report cards.
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/opensis.png)
There are four editions of OpenSIS. Check out the feature comparison matrix [here][13].
[vufind][14] is an outstanding library management system that allows students and teachers to easily browse for library resources such as:
* Catalog Records
* Locally Cached Journals
* Digital Library Items
* Institutional Repository
* Institutional Bibliography
* Other Library Collections and Resources.
The vufind system allows user login where authenticated users can save resources for quick recall and enjoy “more like this” results.
This list just barely scratches the surface of what is available for Linux in the educational arena. And, as you might expect, each tool is highly customizable and open source ─ so if the software doesn’t precisely meet your needs, you are free (in most cases) to modify the source and change it.
Linux and education go hand in hand. Whether you are a teacher, a student, or an administrator, you’ll find plenty of tools to help make the institution of education open, flexible, and powerful.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.linux.com/news/best-linux-tools-teachers-and-students
作者：[Jack Wallen][a]
选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen
[1]:https://edu.kde.org/kwordquiz/
[2]:http://kde-files.org/index.php?xcontentmode=694
[3]:https://edu.kde.org/kiten/
[4]:http://jargon.asher256.com/index.php
[5]:https://translate.google.com/
[6]:http://basket.kde.org/
[7]:http://www.libreoffice.com
[8]:http://www.edubuntu.org/
[9]:http://italc.sourceforge.net/
[10]:http://www.atutor.ca/
[11]:https://moodle.org/
[12]:http://www.opensis.com/
[13]:http://www.opensis.com/compare_edition.php
[14]:http://vufind-org.github.io/vufind/

170
translated/tech/20141217 The Best Linux Tools for Teachers and Students.md Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
最好的 Linux 工具献给老师和学生们
=====
Linux是一个适合每个人的平台。如果你有一个商机，Linux 已经准备好满足或超过这个商机的需求，其中一个商机是教育。如果你是一名教师或一名学生，Linux 已经准备好帮助你在几乎任何级别的教育系统领域中畅游。从辅助学习，写作论文，管理课程，到管理整个机构，Linux 已经全部涵盖了。
如果你不确定，请让我介绍一下 Linux 准备好的一些工具。其中一些工具几乎不需要学习曲线，而另一些工具则需要一个全面的系统管理员来安装，设置和管理。我们将从简单开始，然后到复杂。
### 学习辅助工具
每个人的学习方式都有所不同，每个班级都需要不同的学习类型和水平。幸运的是，Linux 有很多学习辅助工具。让我们来看几个例子：
闪存卡 [KWordQuiz][1]（图1）是适用于 Linux 平台的许多闪存卡应用程序之一。KWordQuiz 使用 kvtml 文件格式，你可以下载大量预制的贡献文件在[这里][2]使用。 KWordQuiz 是 KDE 桌面环境的一部分，但可以安装在其他桌面上（KDE 依赖关系将与闪存卡应用程序一起安装）。
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/kwordquiz-sm.png)
### 语言工具
由于全球化，外语已成为教育的重要组成部分。你会发现很多语言工具，包括 [Kiten][3]（图2）KDE 桌面的汉字浏览器。
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/kiten.jpg)
如果日文不是你的母语，你可以试试[Jargon Informatique][4]。这本词典完全是法文的，所以如果你对这门语言还不熟悉，你可能要需要 [Google 翻译][5]的帮助才能坚持下去。
### Writing Aids/ Note Taking
Linux 拥有你需要的所有东西比如记录一个主题，撰写那些学期论文。让我们从记笔记开始。如果你熟悉 Microsoft OneNote，你一定会喜欢 [BasKet Note Pads][6]。有了这个应用程序，你可以为主题创建 basket（to 校正者：我将其翻译为笔记本），并添加任何东西─注释，链接，图像，交叉引用（到其他 basket─图 3），应用程序启动器，从文件加载等等。
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/basket.jpg)
你可以创建任意形式的 basket，可以移动元素来满足你的需求。如果你更喜欢有序的感觉，那么创建一个表状的 basket 来保留那些封装的笔记。
当然，所有 Linux 写作辅助工具都是由 [LibreOffice][7] 发展而来。LibreOffice 是大多数 Linux 发行版默认的办公套件，它能打开文本文档，电子表格，演示文稿，数据库，公式和绘图。
在教育环境中使用 LibreOffice 的一个警告是，你很可能不得不将文档以 MS Office 格式保存。
### 为教育而生的发行版
所有这些都是关于 Linux 面向学生的应用程序，你可以看看专门为教育而开发的一个发行版。最好的是 [Edubuntu][8]。这种草根（to 校正者：草根这个词感觉不雅） Linux 发行版旨在让 Linux 进入学校，家庭和社区。Edubuntu 使用默认的 Ubuntu 桌面（Unity shell）并添加以下软件：
+ KDE 教育套件
+ GCompris
+ Celestia
+ Tux4Kids
+ Epoptes
+ LTSP
+ GBrainy
+ 等等
Edubuntu 并不是唯一的发行版。如果你想测试其他特定于教育的 Linux 发行版，以下是简短列表：
+ Debian-Edu
+ Fedora Education Spin
+ Guadalinux-Edu
+ OpenSuse-Edu
+ Qimo
+ Uberstudent
### 课堂/机构管理
这是 Linux 平台真正闪耀的地方。有许多专门用于管理的工具。我们先来看看教室特有的工具。
[iTalc][9] 是一个强大的课堂教学环境。借助此工具，教师可以查看和控制学生桌面（支持 Linux 和 Windows）。iTalc 系统允许教师查看学生桌面上发生了什么，控制他们的桌面，锁定他们的桌面，对桌面演示，打开或关闭桌面，向学生桌面发送文本消息等等。
[aTutor][10]（图4）是一个开源的学习管理系统（LMS），专注于开发在线课程和电子学习内容。一个老师真正发挥的就是创建和管理在线考试和测验。当然，aTutor 不限于测试的目的，有了这个强大的软件，学生和老师可以享受：
* 社交网络
* 配置文件
* 消息
* 自适应导航
* 工作组
* 文件存储
* 小组博客
* 以及更多。
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/atutor.png)
课程资料易于创建和部署（你甚至可以将考试/测验分配给特定的学习小组）。
[Moodle][11] 是目前使用最广泛的教育管理软件之一。通过 Moodle，你可以管理，教授，学习甚至参与孩子的教育。这个强大的软件为教师和学生，考试，日历，论坛，文件管理，课程管理（图5），通知，进度跟踪，大量注册，批量课程创建，考勤等提供协作工具。
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/moodle.png)
[OpenSIS][12] 代表开源学生信息系统，在管理你的教育机构方面做得很好。有一个免费的社区版，但即使使用付费版本，你也可以期待将学区的拥有成本降低高达 75％（与专有解决方案相比）。
OpenSIS 包括以下特点或模块：
* 出席情况（图6）
* 联系信息
* 学生人口统计
* 成绩簿
* 计划
* 健康记录
* 报告卡
![](https://lcom.static.linuxfound.org/images/stories/41373/opensis.png)
OpenSIS 有四个版本，在[这里][13]查看它们的功能比较。
[vufind][14] 是一个优秀的图书馆管理系统，允许学生和教师轻松浏览图书馆资源，例如：
* 目录记录
* 本地缓存期刊
* 数字图书馆项目
* 机构知识库
* 机构书目
* 其他图书馆集合和资源
Vufind 系统允许用户登录，通过认证的用户可以节省资源以便快速回忆，并享受“更像这样”的结果。
这份列表仅仅触及了 Linux 在教育领域可用性的一点皮毛。而且，正如你所期望的那样，每个工具都是高度可定制且开放源代码的 - 所以如果软件不能精确地满足你的需求，那么你可以免费（在大多数情况下）修改源代码并进行更改。
Linux 在与教育齐头并进。无论你是老师，学生还是管理员，你都会找到大量工具来帮助教育机构开放，灵活和强大。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.linux.com/news/best-linux-tools-teachers-and-students
作者：[Jack Wallen][a]
选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
译者：[MjSeven](https://github.com/MjSeven)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen
[1]:https://edu.kde.org/kwordquiz/
[2]:http://kde-files.org/index.php?xcontentmode=694
[3]:https://edu.kde.org/kiten/
[4]:http://jargon.asher256.com/index.php
[5]:https://translate.google.com/
[6]:http://basket.kde.org/
[7]:http://www.libreoffice.com
[8]:http://www.edubuntu.org/
[9]:http://italc.sourceforge.net/
[10]:http://www.atutor.ca/
[11]:https://moodle.org/
[12]:http://www.opensis.com/
[13]:http://www.opensis.com/compare_edition.php
[14]:http://vufind-org.github.io/vufind/