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8 creepy commands that haunt the terminal | Opensource.com
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======
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Welcome to the spookier side of Linux.
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It’s that time of year again: The weather gets chilly, the leaves change colors, and kids everywhere transform into tiny ghosts, goblins, and zombies. But did you know that Unix (and Linux) and its various offshoots are also chock-full of creepy crawly things? Let’s take a quick look at some of the spookier aspects of the operating system we all know and love.
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### daemon
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Unix just wouldn’t be the same without all the various daemons that haunt the system. A `daemon` is a process that runs in the background and provides useful services to both the user and the operating system itself. Think SSH, FTP, HTTP, etc.
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### zombie
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Every now and then a zombie, a process that has been killed but refuses to go away, shows up. When this happens, you have no choice but to dispatch it using whatever tools you have available. A zombie usually indicates that something is wrong with the process that spawned it.
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### kill
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Not only can you use the `kill` command to dispatch a zombie, but you can also use it to kill any process that’s adversely affecting your system. Have a process that’s using too much RAM or CPU cycles? Dispatch it with the `kill` command.
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### cat
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The `cat` command has nothing to do with felines and everything to do with combining files: `cat` is short for "concatenate." You can even use this handy command to view the contents of a file.
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### tail
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The `tail` command is useful when you want to see last n number of lines in a file. It’s also great when you want to monitor a file.
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### which
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No, not that kind of witch, but the command that prints the location of the files associated with any command passed to it. `which python`, for example, will print the locations of every version of Python on your system.
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### crypt
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The `crypt` command, known these days as `mcrypt`, is handy when you want to scramble (encrypt) the contents of a file so that no one but you can read it. Like most Unix commands, you can use `crypt` standalone or within a system script.
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### shred
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The `shred` command is handy when you not only want to delete a file but you also want to ensure that no one will ever be able to recover it. Using the `rm` command to delete a file isn’t enough. You also need to overwrite the space that the file previously occupied. That’s where `shred` comes in.
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These are just a few of the spooky things you’ll find hiding inside Unix. Do you know more creepy commands? Feel free to let me know.
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Happy Halloween!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/18/10/spookier-side-unix-linux
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作者：[Patrick H.Mullins][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/pmullins
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
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8 个在终端中存在的诡异命令 | Opensource.com
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======
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欢迎来到 Linux 更诡异的一面。
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又是一年中的这个时候：天气变冷了、树叶变色了，各处的孩子都化妆成了小鬼、妖精和僵尸。但你知道吗, Unix (和 Linux) 和它的各个分支也充满了令人毛骨悚然的东西？让我们快速浏览一下我们所熟悉和喜爱的操作系统的一些诡异的方面
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### 守护进程
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如果没有系统中的各种守护进程，那么 Unix 就没什么不同。`守护进程`啊hi运行在后台的进程，并为用户和操作系统本身提供有用的服务。想想 SSH、FTP、HTTP 等等。
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### 僵尸进程
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不时出现的僵尸进程是一种被杀死但是拒绝离开的进程。当它出现时，你只有选择可用的工具来调度它。僵尸进程通常表明产生它的进程出现了问题。
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### kill
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你不仅可以使用 `kill` 调度一个僵尸进程，你还可以用它杀死任何对你系统产生负面影响的进程。有一个使用太多 RAM 或 CPU 周期的进程？使用 `kill` 命令杀死它。
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### cat
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`cat` 和猫科动物无关，但是与文件操作有关：`cat` 是 “concatenate” 的缩写。你甚至可以使用这个方便的命令来查看文件的内容。
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### tail
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当你想要查看文件中最后 n 行时，`tail` 命令很有用。当你想要监控一个文件时，它也很棒。
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### which
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不是原来的 which，而是打印传递给它的命令所在文件位置的命令。例如，`which python` 将在你系统上打印每个版本的 Python 的位置
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### crypt
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`crypt` 命令，现在称为 `mcrypt`，当你想要加密文件的内容时，它是很方便的，这样除了你之外没有人可以读取它。像大多数 Unix 命令一样，你可以单独使用 `crypt` 或在系统脚本中调用它。
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### shred
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当你不仅要删除文件还想要确保没有人能够恢复它时，`shred` 命令很方便。使用 `rm` 命令删除文件是不够的。你还需要覆盖该文件以前占用的空间。这就是 `shred` 的用武之地。
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这些只是你会在 Unix 中发现的一部分诡异的东西。你还知道其他诡异的命令么？请随时告诉我。
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万圣节快乐！
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/18/10/spookier-side-unix-linux
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作者：[Patrick H.Mullins][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/pmullins
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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