diff --git a/sources/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md b/sources/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..30e667fac3 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20071007 Linux Check IDE - SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed.md @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ +Linux Check IDE / SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed +====== +So how do you find out how fast is your hard disk under Linux? Is it running at the SATA I (150 MB/s) or SATA II (300 MB/s) or SATA III (6.0Gb/s) speed without opening computer case or chassis? + +You can use the **hdparm or dd command** to check hard disk speed. It provides a command line interface to various hard disk ioctls supported by the stock Linux ATA/IDE/SATA device driver subsystem. Some options may work correctly only with the latest kernels (make sure you have cutting edge kernel installed). I also recommend compiling hdparm with the included files from the most recent kernel source code. + +### How to measure hard disk data transfer speed using hdparm + +Login as the root user and enter the following command: +`$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda` +OR +`$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/hda` +Sample outputs: +``` +/dev/sda: + Timing cached reads: 7864 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3935.41 MB/sec + Timing buffered disk reads: 204 MB in 3.00 seconds = 67.98 MB/sec +``` + +For meaningful results, this operation should be **repeated 2-3 times**. This displays the speed of reading directly from the Linux buffer cache without disk access. This measurement is essentially an indication of the **throughput of the processor, cache, and memory** of the system under test. [Here is a for loop example][1], to run test 3 time in a row: +`for i in 1 2 3; do hdparm -tT /dev/hda; done` +Where, + + * **-t** :perform device read timings + * **-T** : perform cache read timings + * **/dev/sda** : Hard disk device file + + + +To [find out SATA hard disk link speed][2], enter: +`sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep -i speed` +Output: +``` + * Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s) + * Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s) + * Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s) + +``` + +Above output indicate that my hard disk can use 1.5Gb/s, 3.0Gb/s, or 6.0Gb/s speed. Please note that your BIOS / Motherboard must have support for SATA-II/III: +`$ dmesg | grep -i sata | grep 'link up'` +[![Linux Check IDE SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed][3]][3] + +### dd Command + +You can use the dd command as follows to get speed info too: +``` +dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/output.img bs=8k count=256k +rm /tmp/output.img +``` + +Sample outputs: +``` +262144+0 records in +262144+0 records out +2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 23.6472 seconds, **90.8 MB/s** + +``` + +The [recommended syntax for the dd command is as follows][4] +``` +dd if=/dev/input.file of=/path/to/output.file bs=block-size count=number-of-blocks oflag=dsync + +## GNU dd syntax ## +dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/test1.img bs=1G count=1 oflag=dsync + +## OR alternate syntax for GNU/dd ## +dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/testALT.img bs=1G count=1 conv=fdatasync +``` + + +Sample outputs from the last dd command: +``` +1+0 records in +1+0 records out +1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB, 1.0 GiB) copied, 4.23889 s, 253 MB/s +``` + +### Disks & storage - GUI tool + +You can also use disk utility located at System > Administration > Disk utility menu. Please note that in latest version of Gnome it is simply called Disks. + +#### How do I test the performance of my hard disk using Disks on Linux? + +To test the speed of your hard disk: + + 1. Open **Disks** from the **Activities** overview (press the Super key on your keyboard and type Disks) + 2. Choose the **disk** from the list in the **left pane** + 3. Select the menu button and select **Benchmark disk …** from the menu + 4. Click **Start Benchmark …** and adjust the Transfer Rate and Access Time parameters as desired. + 5. Choose **Start Benchmarking** to test how fast data can be read from the disk. Administrative privileges required. Enter your password + + + +A quick video demo of above procedure: + +https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/disks-performance.mp4 + + +#### Read Only Benchmark (Safe option) + +Then, select > Read only: +![Fig.01: Linux Benchmarking Hard Disk Read Only Test Speed][5] +The above option will not destroy any data. + +#### Read and Write Benchmark (All data will be lost so be careful) + +Visit System > Administration > Disk utility menu > Click Benchmark > Click Start Read/Write Benchmark button: +![Fig.02:Linux Measuring read rate, write rate and access time][6] + +### About the author + +The author is the creator of nixCraft and a seasoned sysadmin and a trainer for the Linux operating system/Unix shell scripting. He has worked with global clients and in various industries, including IT, education, defense and space research, and the nonprofit sector. Follow him on [Twitter][7], [Facebook][8], [Google+][9]. + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/how-fast-is-linux-sata-hard-disk.html + +作者：[Vivek Gite][a] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/ +[1]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/bash-for-loop/ +[2]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-command-to-find-sata-harddisk-link-speed/ +[3]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/Linux-Check-IDE-SATA-SSD-Hard-Disk-Transfer-Speed.jpg +[4]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-linux-unix-test-disk-performance-with-dd-command/ +[5]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/tips/2007/10/Linux-Hard-Disk-Speed-Benchmark.png (Linux Benchmark Hard Disk Speed) +[6]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/tips/2007/10/Linux-Hard-Disk-Read-Write-Benchmark.png (Linux Hard Disk Benchmark Read / Write Rate and Access Time) +[7]:https://twitter.com/nixcraft +[8]:https://facebook.com/nixcraft +[9]:https://plus.google.com/+CybercitiBiz